CN220163622U - Electric automobile thermal management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric automobile heat management system in the technical field of electric automobile heat management, which comprises a refrigerant loop and a cooling liquid loop, wherein the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an internal condenser and an evaporator. The compressor is connected with the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor; or the compressor is connected with the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is connected with the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor. The system can meet the requirements of heating, refrigerating, dehumidifying and defrosting of the passenger cabin of the electric automobile, cooling of the motor and the control unit thereof and the scene application of cooling and heating of the battery through the operation mode of the system, and the adopted heat pump technology can not only absorb heat in the environment to heat the passenger cabin, but also absorb the waste heat of the motor and the control unit thereof and the heat stored in the battery to heat the passenger cabin.

Description

Electric automobile thermal management system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric automobile thermal management, in particular to an electric automobile thermal management system.

Background

The electric automobile thermal management system mainly comprises a passenger cabin refrigerating system, a passenger cabin heating system, a motor and electric drive cooling system and a battery temperature control system. There are two major problems with electric car thermal management systems at present: (1) The energy consumption of the heating of the carriage restricts the endurance mileage of the electric automobile in winter, so that the energy-saving schemes of how to heat efficiently in a low-temperature environment and comprehensively and effectively recycle the waste heat of the motor, the control unit and the battery to heat the carriage and the like need to be studied; (2) Since the characteristics of the refrigerant limit the use of the air source heat pump in an ultra-low temperature environment, it is necessary to study how to provide a comfortable thermal environment for the cabin in an ultra-low temperature environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a thermal management system of an electric automobile.

The utility model provides an electric automobile thermal management system, which comprises a refrigerant loop and a cooling liquid loop, wherein the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an internal condenser and an evaporator;

the compressor is connected with the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor;

The compressor is connected with the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is connected with the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor;

the compressor is connected with the interior condenser, the interior condenser is connected with the exterior heat exchanger, the exterior heat exchanger is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor;

the compressor is connected with the interior condenser, the interior condenser is connected with the first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor;

the compressor is connected with the interior condenser, the interior condenser is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor;

an air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, a blower is arranged on the evaporator, and a temperature air door is arranged between the interior condenser and the evaporator.

The cooling liquid driving circuit comprises a low-temperature radiator, a first water pump, a water heater, a battery, a second water pump, a motor control unit and a motor;

The first heat exchanger is connected with the battery water loop, the battery water loop is connected with the second water pump, the second water pump is connected with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop, the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are connected with the low-temperature radiator, the low-temperature radiator is connected with the first water pump, the first water pump is connected with the water heater, and the water heater is connected with the first heat exchanger;

the first heat exchanger is connected with the battery water loop, the battery water loop is connected with the first water pump, the first water pump is connected with the water heater, and the water heater is connected with the first heat exchanger;

the first heat exchanger is connected with the battery water loop, the battery water loop is connected with the second water pump, the second water pump is connected with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop, the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are connected with the first water pump, the first water pump is connected with the water heater, and the water heater is connected with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin refrigeration and motor battery cooling mode, the compressor is communicated with the external heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic valve, an external cooling fan is arranged on the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is communicated with the evaporator through a first throttling mechanism and a third throttling mechanism, the air blower is arranged on the evaporator, the evaporator is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

The first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the battery water loop is communicated with the A4 valve port through an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port on the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port is disconnected from the A4 valve port, the A2 valve port is disconnected from the A3 valve port, the battery water loop is communicated with the second water pump, a second expansion kettle is arranged on the second water pump, the second water pump is communicated with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop, and the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are communicated with the low-temperature radiator through a three-way water valve;

the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port on the four-way water valve are communicated, the low-temperature radiator is communicated with the first water pump, a first expansion kettle is arranged on the first water pump, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in passenger cabin refrigeration, battery refrigeration and motor cooling modes, the compressor is communicated with the external heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, the external cooling fan is arranged on the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is communicated with the first heat exchanger through a first throttling mechanism and a second throttling mechanism, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

The compressor is communicated with the external heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, the external cooling fan is arranged on the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is communicated with the evaporator through the first throttling mechanism and the third throttling mechanism, the air blower is arranged on the evaporator, the evaporator is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

the first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged through the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the battery water loop is communicated with the first water pump, the first expansion kettle is arranged on the first water pump, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger;

the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port on the four-way water valve are communicated, the low-temperature radiator is communicated with the second water pump, the second expansion kettle is arranged on the second water pump, the second water pump is communicated with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop, and the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are communicated with the low-temperature radiator through the three-way water valve.

In some embodiments, in the battery cooling and motor cooling mode, the compressor is communicated with the external heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, the external cooling fan is arranged on the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is communicated with the first heat exchanger through the first throttling mechanism and the second throttling mechanism, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and motor waste heat heating battery mode, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through a second electromagnetic valve, the air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, the interior condenser is communicated with the exterior heat exchanger through a first one-way valve and the first throttling mechanism, the exterior heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator through a second one-way valve and a third electromagnetic valve, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

the first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged through the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected, the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port are disconnected, the battery water loop is communicated with the second water pump, the second expansion kettle is arranged on the second water pump, and the second water pump is communicated with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop;

The water heater is characterized in that the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are arranged on the four-way water valve in a communicating way, the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are communicated with the first water pump through the three-way water valve, the first expansion kettle is arranged on the first water pump, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and water heater heating battery mode, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through the second electromagnetic valve, the interior condenser is provided with the air heater, the interior condenser is communicated with the exterior heat exchanger through the first check valve and the first throttling mechanism, the exterior heat exchanger is provided with the exterior cooling fan, the exterior heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator through the second check valve and the third electromagnetic valve, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

the first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the battery water loop is communicated with the first water pump, the first expansion kettle is arranged on the first water pump, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin water source heat pump heating mode, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through the second electromagnetic valve, the air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, the interior condenser is communicated with the first heat exchanger through the first check valve and the second throttling mechanism, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

the first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve, the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port are communicated and arranged, the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the battery water loop is communicated with the first water pump, the first water pump is provided with the first expansion kettle, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin water source heat pump heating and motor battery waste heat recovery mode, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through the second electromagnetic valve, the air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, the interior condenser is communicated with the first heat exchanger through the first check valve and the second throttling mechanism, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

The first heat exchanger is communicated with a battery water loop, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the battery water loop is communicated with the second water pump, the second expansion kettle is arranged on the second water pump, and the second water pump is communicated with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin dehumidification mode and a motor battery cooling mode, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through the second electromagnetic valve, the air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, the interior condenser is communicated with the evaporator through the first one-way valve and the third throttling mechanism, the blower is arranged on the evaporator, the evaporator is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

the first heat exchanger is communicated with the battery water loop, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are communicated and arranged through the four-way water valve, the A1 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected, the A2 valve port and the A3 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the battery water loop is communicated with the second water pump, the second expansion kettle is arranged on the second water pump, the second water pump is communicated with the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop, and the motor control unit water loop and the motor water loop are communicated with the low-temperature radiator through a three-way water valve;

The A1 valve port and the A2 valve port on the four-way water valve are communicated, the low-temperature radiator is communicated with the first water pump, the first expansion kettle is arranged on the first water pump, the first water pump is communicated with the water heater, and the water heater is communicated with the first heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, in a passenger cabin external heat exchanger defrosting mode, the compressor is communicated with the external heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, the external cooling fan is arranged on the external heat exchanger, the external heat exchanger is communicated with the first heat exchanger through the first throttling mechanism and the second throttling mechanism, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor;

under the passenger cabin dehumidification mode, the A1 valve port on the four-way water valve is communicated with the A2 valve port, the A3 valve port is communicated with the A4 valve port, the A1 valve port is disconnected with the A4 valve port, the A2 valve port is disconnected with the A3 valve port, the compressor is communicated with the interior condenser through the second electromagnetic valve, the air heater is arranged on the interior condenser, the interior condenser is communicated with the evaporator through the first one-way valve and the third throttling mechanism, the air blower is arranged on the evaporator, the evaporator is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the electric automobile thermal management system provided by the utility model comprises a refrigerant loop and a cooling liquid loop, and can meet the requirements of heating, refrigerating, dehumidifying and defrosting of an electric automobile passenger cabin, cooling of a motor and a control unit thereof and scene application of cooling and heating of a battery through the operation mode of the system;

the heat pump technology adopted by the utility model can not only absorb heat in the environment to heat the passenger cabin, but also absorb the waste heat of the motor and the control unit thereof and the heat stored in the battery to heat the passenger cabin;

2. according to the utility model, the passenger cabin can be heated by absorbing heat from the water side by using the heat pump system, so that on one hand, the heat pump can absorb the waste heat of the battery motor at the water side, and the energy consumption of heating operation is reduced;

on the other hand, the heat pump can absorb the heat of the water heater, so that the heat pump can also operate in an ultralow temperature environment, the heat deficiency of the air heater can be made up, and the application area of the thermal management system is expanded;

3. in the ultra-low temperature environment, the utility model can not only directly heat the passenger cabin by starting the air heater, but also can transmit the heat of the water heater in the battery water loop into the passenger cabin by using the heat pump, thereby increasing the low temperature heating capacity of the system;

4. The refrigerant pipeline is provided with the gas-liquid separator and the one-way valve, so that the refrigerant circulation quantity can be increased when the water source heat pump operates in an ultralow temperature environment, and the operation efficiency of the heat pump is improved;

and through valve switching, the cooling of the battery can be finished through a low-temperature radiator, the heating of the battery can be finished through the waste heat of the motor, a compressor is not required to be started, and the operation energy efficiency of a thermal management system is greatly improved;

5. the cooling liquid loop has a simple structure and high reliability, is convenient for the waste heat recovery and utilization in a heat system, has a flexible refrigerant loop structure, can be very conveniently configured into different working modes to ensure that the energy efficiency of the system is at an optimal level, and simultaneously meets the cold and heat requirements in different scenes;

6. in the passenger cabin heating mode, the waste heat of the motor and the battery directly enters the second heat exchanger, the heat pump absorbs the low-grade waste heat and is used for heating the passenger cabin, and the part of waste heat can improve parameters of the low-pressure side of the heat pump and improve heating efficiency of the heat pump in winter.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a passenger compartment refrigeration and motor battery cooling mode provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a passenger compartment refrigeration, battery refrigeration and motor cooling mode provided by the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cooling and motor cooling mode provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and motor waste heat heating battery mode provided by the utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a passenger compartment air source heat pump heating and water heater heating battery mode provided by the utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a heating mode of a passenger cabin water source heat pump;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a passenger cabin water source heat pump heating and motor battery waste heat recovery mode provided by the utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a passenger compartment dehumidification mode and a motor battery cooling mode provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a defrost mode of an exterior occupant compartment heat exchanger provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a dehumidification mode of a passenger compartment provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another thermal management system according to the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a passenger compartment heating mode of another thermal management system according to the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

first water pump 21 of condenser 11 in compressor 1

First solenoid valve 2 temperature damper 12 water heater 22

External heat exchanger 3 evaporator 13 battery 23

Four-way water valve 24 of blower 14 of cooling fan 4 outside vehicle

First throttle means 5 third throttle means 15 second expansion kettle 25

Second throttle mechanism 6 first check valve 16 second water pump 26

First heat exchanger 7 second check valve 17 motor control unit 27

Third electromagnetic valve 18 motor 28 of gas-liquid separator 8

Three-way water valve 29 of low-temperature radiator 19 of second electromagnetic valve 9

The air heater 10 has a first expansion kettle 20 and a second heat exchanger 30

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present utility model.

Example 1

The passenger compartment cooling mode of operation of the refrigerant circuit and the motor and battery cooling mode of operation of the coolant circuit are shown in fig. 2.

Refrigerant circuit: the high-temperature and high-pressure overheated gaseous refrigerant flows out of the compressor 1, exchanges heat with ambient air in the external heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first electromagnetic valve 2 to be condensed into a supercooled liquid refrigerant, then flows through the first throttling mechanism 5 in a fully opened state, flows through the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant in a saturated state after being throttled and depressurized by the third throttling mechanism 15, absorbs heat in the passenger cabin through the evaporator 13, and finally returns to the compressor 1 through the gas-liquid separator 8 to complete refrigerant circulation, wherein the second electromagnetic valve 9, the third electromagnetic valve 18 and the second throttling mechanism 6 are in a fully closed state, and the refrigerant does not circulate.

And (3) a cooling liquid loop: the four-way water valve 24 is communicated with A1 and A2, the four-way water valve A3 and A4 are communicated, the A1 and A4 are disconnected, the A2 and A3 are disconnected, the motor control unit 27 water loop, the motor 28 water loop and the battery 23 water loop are connected in series, the three-way water valve 29 is communicated with the B1 and the B3 to cool the cooling liquid through the low-temperature radiator 19, so that the cooling liquid firstly passes through the battery 23 water loop, then passes through the motor control unit 27 water loop and the motor 28 water loop, finally is cooled by the low-temperature radiator 19 and then returns to the battery 23 water loop to form cooling liquid circulation.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, the passenger cabin and battery cooling and motor cooling modes are used in a scenario where the cooling liquid cannot effectively cool the battery 23 when the ambient temperature is high. The cooling capacity of the passenger compartment and the battery 23 is derived from the operation of the compressor 1, while the cooling of the motor 28 is by air through the low temperature radiator 19.

The difference between the cooling circuit in fig. 3 and fig. 2 is that the second throttle mechanism 6 is not kept in a closed state any more, but the heat of the water circuit of the battery 23 is absorbed in the first heat exchanger 7 after the refrigerant is throttled down to a saturated state, and at this time, both the first heat exchanger 7 and the evaporator 13 in the air conditioning box are used as evaporation sides in the refrigerating system. The four-way water valve 24 in the cooling water loop is communicated with A1 and A4, communicated with A2 and A3, and disconnected with A1 and A2, and disconnected with A3 and A4, so that the water loop of the battery 23 is disconnected with the water loop of the motor control unit 27 and the water loop of the motor 28, the heat of the battery 23 is cooled by the refrigerant of the first heat exchanger 7, and the heat of the motor 28 is cooled by the air of the low-temperature radiator 19.

Example 3

The battery cooling and motor cooling modes of operation are shown in fig. 4 for a passenger compartment without cooling. The difference from fig. 3 is that the third throttle mechanism 15 is in a fully closed state, and no refrigerant flows through the evaporator 13 in the air conditioning unit.

Example 4

Fig. 5 shows an operation mode of a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and motor waste heat heating battery, which is used in a scene that the passenger cabin has heating requirements and the motor has waste heat available in a low-temperature environment.

Refrigerant circuit: the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows out of the compressor 1, enters the air conditioner box vehicle interior condenser 11 to heat the passenger cabin after passing through the second electromagnetic valve 9, then enters the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 3 after passing through the first throttle mechanism 5 to cool and throttle, at the moment, the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 3 is used as an evaporator to absorb the heat of ambient air, and finally, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 8 after passing through the second one-way valve 17 and the third electromagnetic valve 18 and then returns to the compressor 1 to form refrigerant circulation, wherein the first throttle mechanism 5 is different from the air conditioner box vehicle interior condenser 11 in that the refrigerant flowing direction is changed, and meanwhile, the opening degree of the valve is adjusted to cool the refrigerant in a throttling way.

And (3) a cooling liquid loop: the state of the four-way water valve 24 is consistent with that of fig. 2, and a water circuit of the battery 23, a water circuit of the motor control unit 27 and a water circuit of the motor 28 form series operation. B1 and B2 on the three-way water valve 29 are communicated to form a bypass low-temperature radiator 19 to operate. After the cooling liquid absorbs the waste heat of the motor 28, the battery 23 is directly heated after being switched by the three-way water valve 29 and the four-way water valve 24, so that the system operation energy efficiency is improved.

Example 5

The operation mode of the passenger compartment air source heat pump heating and water heater heating battery is shown in fig. 6 for a passenger compartment heating requirement, but the motor 28 has no waste heat available scenario.

Fig. 6 differs from fig. 5 in that the motor control unit 27 water circuit and the motor 28 water circuit are not operated, and the battery 23 water circuit is separated from the motor control unit 27 water circuit and the motor 28 water circuit by the four-way water valve 24, and the water heater 22 is operated such that the temperature of the battery 23 is in a proper range.

Example 6

Fig. 7 shows an operation mode of the passenger cabin water source heat pump heating, which is used in a scene that the passenger cabin has heating requirements, but the heat pump cannot absorb heat from the air.

The heat pump now absorbs heat from the coolant of the first heat exchanger 7 for heating the passenger compartment, the heat of the coolant being derived from the heat of the battery 23 or from the water heater 22. When the water source heat pump is not providing sufficient heat, the air heater 10 may be turned on to directly heat the passenger compartment. Particularly, when the heat pump is a water source heat pump, the second one-way valve 17 can avoid the condition that the refrigerant accumulates in the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle due to the low-temperature environment, can increase the circulation quantity of the refrigerant in the water source heat pump, and improves the reliability of the heat management system in operation under the lower-temperature environment.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 8, the passenger cabin water source heat pump heating and motor battery waste heat recovery operation modes are different from fig. 7 in that the motor 28 has a waste heat recycling scenario. At this time, the four-way water valve 24 connects the water circuit of the battery 23 with the water circuit of the motor control unit 27 and the water circuit of the motor 28 in series, the three-way water valve 29 is in a bypass mode, and the heat of the cooling liquid is derived from the waste heat of the battery 23 and the motor 28.

Example 8

Fig. 9 shows the passenger cabin dehumidification and motor battery cooling modes of operation for a passenger cabin with dehumidification or glass defogging requirements. The air entering the passenger cabin is firstly cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 13, then is heated by the interior condenser 11, and if the heating quantity of the interior condenser 11 is insufficient, the air heater 10 can be started for reheating.

Example 9

As shown in fig. 10, the operation mode of defrosting the external heat exchanger of the passenger cabin is shown, and is used for heating the heat pump in the passenger cabin, but the external heat exchanger 3 is frosted and needs to be frosted. The high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 enters the external heat exchanger 3, the frost layer on the outer surface of the external heat exchanger 3 is melted by the internal high-temperature refrigerant, and then the refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 7 after passing through the second throttling mechanism 6, and the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 1 after absorbing the heat of the water side in the first heat exchanger 7. In this mode, the waste heat of the battery 23 and the motor 28 is recovered preferentially, the performance of the low-pressure side of the heat pump is improved, and when the waste heat is insufficient, the water heater 22 can be used for supplementing.

Example 10

The passenger compartment dehumidification mode of operation is shown in fig. 11 for passenger compartment dehumidification below 25 ℃.

The outlet of the compressor 1 is divided into two paths, and the two paths respectively enter the interior condenser 11 and the exterior heat exchanger 3. The first throttle mechanism 5 may be used to control the flow of refrigerant into the off-board heat exchanger 3. When the air temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 13 is smaller than the target air-conditioning box outlet temperature, the first throttling mechanism 5 is adjusted at the moment, and the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 can enter the external heat exchanger 3 more, so that the heat exchange amount of the internal condenser 11 is reduced, and the target air-conditioning box outlet temperature is controlled.

Example 11

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another thermal management system according to the present utility model. Fig. 12 is different from fig. 1 in that the heat exchanger 3 outside the vehicle for exchanging heat between air and refrigerant is replaced with a second heat exchanger 30 for exchanging heat between water and refrigerant, and both the heat exchangers function as a refrigerant side circuit. In the coolant circuit, the coolant heated or cooled by the second heat exchanger 30 directly enters the low-temperature radiator 19, and therefore the low-temperature radiator 19 absorbs heat from the air as well as releases heat from the air.

Example 12

Another mode of operation for thermal management of the passenger compartment of embodiment 11 is shown in FIG. 13.

The residual heat of the motor 28 and the battery 23 raises the temperature of the cooling liquid, and then the cooling liquid directly enters the second heat exchanger 30, the heat of the cooling liquid is absorbed by the second heat exchanger 30, and the heat is used for heating the passenger cabin after the heat pump is operated. The residual heat of the battery 23 of the motor 28 not only improves the parameters of the low-pressure side of the heat pump and improves the heating efficiency, but also is absorbed by the heat pump to heat the passenger cabin.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present utility model. It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the utility model. The embodiments of the utility model and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The electric automobile thermal management system is characterized by comprising a refrigerant loop and a cooling liquid loop, wherein the refrigerant loop comprises a compressor (1), an external heat exchanger (3), a first heat exchanger (7), a gas-liquid separator (8), an internal condenser (11) and an evaporator (13);

the compressor (1) is connected with the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is connected with the evaporator (13), the evaporator (13) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the compressor (1);

the compressor (1) is connected with the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is connected with the first heat exchanger (7), the first heat exchanger (7) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the compressor (1);

the compressor (1) is connected with the vehicle interior condenser (11), the vehicle interior condenser (11) is connected with the vehicle exterior heat exchanger (3), the vehicle exterior heat exchanger (3) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the compressor (1);

the compressor (1) is connected with the vehicle interior condenser (11), the vehicle interior condenser (11) is connected with the first heat exchanger (7), the first heat exchanger (7) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the compressor (1);

The compressor (1) is connected with the vehicle interior condenser (11), the vehicle interior condenser (11) is connected with the evaporator (13), the evaporator (13) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with the compressor (1);

an air heater (10) is arranged on the interior condenser (11), a blower (14) is arranged on the evaporator (13), and a temperature air door (12) is arranged between the interior condenser (11) and the evaporator (13);

the cooling liquid driving circuit comprises a low-temperature radiator (19), a first water pump (21), a water heater (22), a battery (23), a second water pump (26), a motor control unit (27) and a motor (28);

the first heat exchanger (7) is connected with the battery (23) water loop, the battery (23) water loop is connected with the second water pump (26), the second water pump (26) is connected with the motor control unit (27) water loop and the motor (28) water loop, the motor control unit (27) water loop and the motor (28) water loop are connected with the low-temperature radiator (19), the low-temperature radiator (19) is connected with the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is connected with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is connected with the first heat exchanger (7);

The first heat exchanger (7) is connected with the battery (23) water loop, the battery (23) water loop is connected with the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is connected with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is connected with the first heat exchanger (7);

the first heat exchanger (7) is connected with the battery (23) water loop, the battery (23) water loop is connected with the second water pump (26), the second water pump (26) is connected with the motor control unit (27) water loop and the motor (28) water loop, the motor control unit (27) water loop and the motor (28) water loop are connected with the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is connected with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is connected with the first heat exchanger (7).

2. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin refrigeration and motor (28) and battery (23) cooling mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the external heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (2), an external cooling fan (4) is arranged on the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the evaporator (13) through a first throttling mechanism (5) and a third throttling mechanism (15), the air blower (14) is arranged on the evaporator (13), the evaporator (13) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

The first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve (24), an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are disconnected, an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the second water pump (26), a second expansion kettle (25) is arranged on the second water pump (26), the second water pump (26) is communicated with a water loop of the motor control unit (27) and a water loop of the motor (28), and the water loop of the motor control unit (27) and the water loop of the motor (28) are communicated with the low-temperature radiator (19) through a three-way water valve (29);

the A1 valve port is communicated with the A2 valve port through a four-way water valve (24), the low-temperature radiator (19) is communicated with the first water pump (21), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7).

3. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin refrigeration, battery (23) refrigeration and motor (28) cooling mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the external heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (2), an external cooling fan (4) is arranged on the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7) through a first throttling mechanism (5) and a second throttling mechanism (6), the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

The compressor (1) is communicated with the external heat exchanger (3) through the first electromagnetic valve (2), the external cooling fan (4) is arranged on the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the evaporator (13) through the first throttling mechanism (5) and the third throttling mechanism (15), the air blower (14) is arranged on the evaporator (13), the evaporator (13) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve (24), the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are disconnected, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the first water pump (21), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7);

through on the four-way water valve (24) the A2 valve port with the A3 valve port communicates with each other and sets up, low temperature radiator (19) intercommunication second water pump (26), set up second inflation kettle (25) on second water pump (26), second water pump (26) intercommunication motor control unit (27) water loop with motor (28) water loop, motor control unit (27) water loop with motor (28) water loop communicates through three-way water valve (29) low temperature radiator (19).

4. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a battery (23) cooling and motor (28) cooling mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the external heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (2), an external cooling fan (4) is arranged on the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7) through a first throttling mechanism (5) and a second throttling mechanism (6), the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve (24), the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are disconnected, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with a first water pump (21), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7);

through on the four-way water valve (24) the A2 valve port with the A3 valve port communicates with each other and sets up, low temperature radiator (19) intercommunication second water pump (26), set up second inflation kettle (25) on second water pump (26), second water pump (26) intercommunication motor control unit (27) water loop with motor (28) water loop, motor control unit (27) water loop with motor (28) water loop communicates through three-way water valve (29) low temperature radiator (19).

5. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and motor (28) waste heat heating battery (23) mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the interior condenser (11) is provided with the air heater (10), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the exterior heat exchanger (3) through a first one-way valve (16) and a first throttling mechanism (5), the exterior heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8) through a second one-way valve (17) and a third electromagnetic valve (18), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port on the four-way water valve (24) are communicated, an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are disconnected, an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the second water pump (26), a second expansion kettle (25) is arranged on the second water pump (26), and the second water pump (26) is communicated with a water loop of the motor control unit (27) and a water loop of the motor (28);

through on the four-way water valve (24) A1 valve port with the communicating setting of A2 valve port, motor control unit (27) water return circuit with motor (28) water return circuit is through tee bend water valve (29) intercommunication first water pump (21), set up first inflation kettle (20) on first water pump (21), first water pump (21) intercommunication water heater (22), water heater (22) intercommunication first heat exchanger (7).

6. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin air source heat pump heating and water heater (22) heating battery (23) mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the air heater (10) is arranged on the interior condenser (11), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the exterior heat exchanger (3) through a first check valve (16) and a first throttling mechanism (5), an exterior cooling fan (4) is arranged on the exterior heat exchanger (3), the exterior heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8) through a second check valve (17) and a third electromagnetic valve (18), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

the utility model discloses a water heater, including battery (23), water heater (22), first heat exchanger (7), battery (23) water loop, through on four-way water valve (24) A1 valve port and the communicating setting of A4 valve port, A1 valve port and A2 valve port disconnection set up, A2 valve port and A3 valve port disconnection set up, A3 valve port with A4 valve port disconnection set up, battery (23) water loop intercommunication first water pump (21), set up first expansion kettle (20) on first water pump (21), first water pump (21) intercommunication water heater (22), water heater (22) intercommunication first heat exchanger (7).

7. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin water source heat pump heating mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the air heater (10) is arranged on the interior condenser (11), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7) through a first one-way valve (16) and a second throttling mechanism (6), the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

the water heater is characterized in that the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are communicated through a four-way water valve (24), an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are communicated, the A1 valve port is disconnected with the A2 valve port, the A3 valve port and the A4 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with a first water pump (21), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with a water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7).

8. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin water source heat pump heating and motor (28) and battery (23) waste heat recovery mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the air heater (10) is arranged on the interior condenser (11), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7) through a first check valve (16) and a second throttling mechanism (6), the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

The first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port on the four-way water valve (24) are communicated, an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are disconnected, an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the second water pump (26), a second expansion kettle (25) is arranged on the second water pump (26), and the second water pump (26) is communicated with a water loop of the motor control unit (27) and a water loop of the motor (28);

through on the four-way water valve (24) A1 valve port with the communicating setting of A2 valve port, motor control unit (27) water return circuit with motor (28) water return circuit is through tee bend water valve (29) intercommunication first water pump (21), set up first inflation kettle (20) on first water pump (21), first water pump (21) intercommunication water heater (22), water heater (22) intercommunication first heat exchanger (7).

9. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a passenger cabin dehumidification mode and a motor (28) and battery (23) cooling mode, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the air heater (10) is arranged on the interior condenser (11), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the evaporator (13) through a first one-way valve (16) and a third throttling mechanism (15), the blower (14) is arranged on the evaporator (13), the evaporator (13) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

The first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port are communicated and arranged on the four-way water valve (24), an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are disconnected, an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are disconnected and arranged, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the second water pump (26), a second expansion kettle (25) is arranged on the second water pump (26), the second water pump (26) is communicated with a water loop of the motor control unit (27) and a water loop of the motor (28), and the water loop of the motor control unit (27) and the water loop of the motor (28) are communicated with the low-temperature radiator (19) through a three-way water valve (29);

the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port are communicated through the four-way water valve (24), the low-temperature radiator (19) is communicated with the first water pump (21), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7).

10. The electric automobile thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein in a defrosting mode of an external heat exchanger (3) of a passenger cabin, the compressor (1) is communicated with the external heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (2), an external cooling fan (4) is arranged on the external heat exchanger (3), the external heat exchanger (3) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7) through a first throttling mechanism (5) and a second throttling mechanism (6), the first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

The first heat exchanger (7) is communicated with a water loop of the battery (23), an A3 valve port and an A4 valve port on the four-way water valve (24) are communicated, an A1 valve port and an A4 valve port are disconnected, an A2 valve port and an A3 valve port are disconnected, the water loop of the battery (23) is communicated with the second water pump (26), a second expansion kettle (25) is arranged on the second water pump (26), and the second water pump (26) is communicated with a water loop of the motor control unit (27) and a water loop of the motor (28);

the A1 valve port and the A2 valve port on the four-way water valve (24) are communicated, the motor control unit (27) water loop and the motor (28) water loop are communicated with the first water pump (21) through a three-way water valve (29), a first expansion kettle (20) is arranged on the first water pump (21), the first water pump (21) is communicated with the water heater (22), and the water heater (22) is communicated with the first heat exchanger (7);

in a passenger cabin dehumidification mode, an A1 valve port on the four-way water valve (24) is communicated with an A2 valve port, an A3 valve port is communicated with an A4 valve port, the A1 valve port is disconnected with the A4 valve port, the A2 valve port is disconnected with the A3 valve port, the compressor (1) is communicated with the interior condenser (11) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the interior condenser (11) is provided with the air heater (10), the interior condenser (11) is communicated with the evaporator (13) through a first one-way valve (16) and a third throttling mechanism (15), the evaporator (13) is provided with the blower (14), the evaporator (13) is communicated with the gas-liquid separator (8), and the gas-liquid separator (8) is communicated with the compressor (1);

Compressor (1) is through first solenoid valve (2) intercommunication outside car heat exchanger (3), set up outside car cooling fan (4) on outside car heat exchanger (3), outside car heat exchanger (3) are through first throttle mechanism (5) with third throttle mechanism (15) intercommunication evaporimeter (13), set up on evaporimeter (13) air-blower (14), evaporimeter (13) intercommunication vapour and liquid separator (8), vapour and liquid separator (8) intercommunication compressor (1).