CN220156492U - Fault detection circuit and device for photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, and discloses a fault detection circuit and device of a photovoltaic module, wherein the circuit comprises: a plurality of switching tubes, a sensor detection unit, a switch selector and a controller; the switch tube is connected with the photovoltaic module and the switch selector, and the controller is connected with the switch selector and the sensor detection unit; the switching tube sends a level signal corresponding to the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module to the switching selector, the switching selector sends the level signal to the controller, the controller sends a sensor working signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit, the sensor detection unit responds to the sensor working signal to collect real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module and sends the real-time environment information to the controller, and the controller detects faults of the photovoltaic module according to the real-time environment information. The utility model improves the accuracy of fault detection of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Fault detection circuit and device for photovoltaic module

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a fault detection circuit and device of a photovoltaic module.

Background

Along with the high-speed development of the photovoltaic power generation technology, the photovoltaic power generation technology is also used more and more frequently in various fields, such as vehicle charging, which uses solar energy for charging, and meanwhile, the detection and maintenance of the photovoltaic power generation technology are also more and more important.

The traditional fault detection mode of the photovoltaic module is to directly detect the current transmission back of the corresponding photovoltaic module and whether the magnitude of the current transmission back meets the normal working standard. The fault detection mode of the photovoltaic module has great defects, and the problem that the detection result is inaccurate due to the fact that only current is simply detected and environmental factors are ignored. That is, the failure detection method of the photovoltaic module can ignore environmental factors due to simple detection of current, so that the failure detection result of the photovoltaic module is low in accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a fault detection circuit and device of a photovoltaic module, and aims to solve the problem of how to improve the accuracy of fault detection of the photovoltaic module.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module, which includes a plurality of switching tubes, a sensor detection unit, a switching selector, and a controller;

the switch tube is respectively connected with the photovoltaic module and the switch selector, and the controller is respectively connected with the switch selector and the sensor detection unit;

the switching tube sends a level signal corresponding to the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module to the switching selector, the switching selector sends the level signal to the controller, the controller sends a sensor working signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit, the sensor detection unit responds to the sensor working signal to collect real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module and sends the real-time environment information to the controller, and the controller detects faults of the photovoltaic module according to the real-time environment information.

Optionally, the switch tube is an NPN triode, an emitter of the NPN triode is connected with a system power supply, a base of the NPN triode is connected with the photovoltaic module, and a collector of the NPN triode is connected with the switch selector.

Optionally, the switch selector includes a multiple-choice selecting chip, an input end of the multiple-choice selecting chip is connected with a collector of the NPN triode, and an output end of the multiple-choice selecting chip is connected with the controller.

Optionally, the controller is a C52 series single-chip microcomputer chip, a first control end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with the sensor detection unit, a first acquisition end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with an output end of the one-out-of-multiple selection chip, and a second acquisition end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with the sensor detection unit.

Optionally, the sensor detection unit includes selection circuit, sensor subunit and counter, selection circuit includes first resistance, triode, second resistance and third resistance, the one end of first resistance with the system power is connected, the other end of first resistance in proper order with sensor subunit with the collecting electrode of triode is connected, the projecting pole of triode is connected with system power ground, the base of triode in proper order with the one end of second resistance with the one end of third resistance is connected, the other end of second resistance with system power ground is connected, the other end of third resistance with the first control end of singlechip chip is connected, the counter respectively with the first control end of singlechip chip with the second acquisition end of singlechip chip is connected.

Optionally, the sensor subunit includes a sensor, a sensor power supply, and a power switch, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the power switch, and the power switch is connected with the sensor and the sensor power supply.

Optionally, the power switch includes first wiring end, second wiring end, third wiring end and control wiring end, control wiring end with the other end of first resistance is connected, first wiring end with the sensor power is connected, the second wiring end with the sensor is connected, the third wiring end is unsettled.

Optionally, the counter comprises a counting start end and a counting acquisition end, wherein the counting start end is connected with the first control end of the single chip microcomputer chip, and the counting acquisition end is connected with the second acquisition end of the single chip microcomputer chip;

the first control end of the singlechip chip comprises a counting start signal port and a sensing start signal port, wherein the counting start signal port is connected with the counting start end, and the sensing start signal port is connected with the other end of the first resistor.

Optionally, the electrical sensor is a light sensor.

In addition, the utility model also provides a device which comprises the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module.

The utility model provides a fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module, which comprises a plurality of switching tubes, a sensor detection unit, a switch selector and a controller, wherein the switching tubes are connected with the sensor detection unit; the switch tube is respectively connected with the photovoltaic module and the switch selector, and the controller is respectively connected with the switch selector and the sensor detection unit; the switching tube sends a level signal corresponding to the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module to the switching selector, the switching selector sends the level signal to the controller, the controller sends a sensor working signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit, the sensor detection unit responds to the sensor working signal to collect real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module and sends the real-time environment information to the controller, and the controller detects faults of the photovoltaic module according to the real-time environment information. After the level signal acquired by the switching tube is forwarded to the controller through the switching selector, the controller sends the sensor working signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit, when the sensor detection unit responds to the sensor working signal input by the controller, the sensor detection unit can acquire real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module, and finally fault detection is carried out in the controller based on the real-time environment information, so that the phenomenon that the current is simply detected and the environment factor is ignored to cause inaccurate detection results in the prior art is avoided, the sensor detection unit is controlled to start working by the level signal acquired by the switching tube to acquire the real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module, and finally fault detection is carried out in the controller based on the real-time environment information, thereby improving the accuracy of the fault detection of the photovoltaic module.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of circuit connections of a selection circuit in a fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an internal schematic diagram of a power switch in the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an internal schematic diagram of a power supply in a fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

reference numerals	Name of the name	Reference numerals	Name of the name
				100	Photovoltaic module	110	Photovoltaic module 1
1n0	Photovoltaic module n	10	Switch tube
				11	Switch tube 1	1n	Switch tube n
20	Switch selector	30	Controller for controlling a power supply
				40	Sensor unit	T1	Triode transistor
R1	First resistor	R2	Second resistor
				R3	Third resistor	41	Power switch
4A	First terminal	4B	Second terminal
				4C	Third terminal	KX	Control terminal
50	Power conversion unit	60	Power supply unit
				200	Photovoltaic tile	411	Sensor for detecting a position of a body
300	Fault detection circuit of photovoltaic module	400	Fault detection device of photovoltaic module

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present utility model are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In the present utility model, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present utility model.

The utility model provides a fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module, referring to a structural schematic diagram of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of fig. 1, the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of switch tubes 10, a sensor detection unit 40, a switch selector 20 and a controller 30;

the switch tube 10 is respectively connected with the photovoltaic module 100 and the switch selector 20, and the controller 30 is respectively connected with the switch selector 20 and the sensor detection unit 40;

the switch tube 10 sends a level signal corresponding to the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module 100 to the switch selector 20, the switch selector 20 sends the level signal to the controller 30, the controller 30 sends a sensor operation signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit 40, the sensor detection unit 40 responds to the sensor operation signal to collect real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module 100 and sends the real-time environment information to the controller 30, and the controller 30 performs fault detection on the photovoltaic module 100 according to the real-time environment information.

In this embodiment, the switching tube 10 detects the photovoltaic current of the corresponding photovoltaic module 100, that is, the switching tube 1 11 detects the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module 1 110, the switching tube n 1n detects the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module n 1n0, and then a level signal is generated through the detection of the current, if the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module 1 110 meets the requirement, the switching tube 1 11 outputs a low level signal as the level signal, that is, the level signal refers to a high-low signal output by the level, and when the level signals output by the switching tube 1 11 to the switching tube n 1n received by the controller 30 through the switching selector 20 are all low level signals, it can be determined that the photovoltaic modules 1 110 to n 1n0 are in a normal working state, in other words, all the photovoltaic modules meet the normal working condition, that is, the controller 30 outputs a sensor working signal to a low level according to the low level signals output by the switching tube 1 to the switching tube 1n 1. According to the connection between the controller 30 and the sensor detecting unit 40, the sensor detecting unit 40 does not respond to the sensor operating signal sent by the controller 30 being a low level signal, and at this time, the sensor detecting unit 40 is in an inactive state, i.e., the low level signal is an inactive signal; when the level signals output by the switching tubes 1 to n 1n and received by the controller 30 through the switching selector 20 have at least 1 high level signal, it can be determined that at least 1 photovoltaic module out of the photovoltaic modules 1 to n 1n0 does not meet the normal operation condition, and the controller further uses the high level signal as the sensor operation signal, at this time, the sensor detection unit 40 responds to the sensor operation signal as the high level signal, and the sensor detection unit 40 is in the operation state, i.e. the high level is the operation signal. At this time, the sensor detecting unit 40 may collect real-time environmental information of the photovoltaic module 100, and finally perform fault detection on the photovoltaic module 100 at the controller 30 based on the real-time environmental information, where the real-time environmental information is real-time environmental information of the whole environment, such as light intensity, etc., so as to determine whether a light shielding condition exists. The whole implementation flow is that when the photovoltaic module works abnormally, namely, when a switching tube corresponding to the photovoltaic module outputs a high-level signal, the sensor detection unit 40 is started to detect the photovoltaic module, so that the detection accuracy can be ensured.

Further, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of still another structure of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module,

further, in still another embodiment of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of the present utility model, the switching tube 10 is an NPN triode, an emitter of the NPN triode is connected to the system power supply, a base of the NPN triode is connected to the photovoltaic module 100, and a collector of the NPN triode is connected to the switching selector 20.

Specifically, the switch selector 20 includes a multiple-choice selecting chip, an input end of the multiple-choice selecting chip is connected to the collector of the NPN triode, and an output end of the multiple-choice selecting chip is connected to the controller 30.

Specifically, the controller 30 is a C52 series of single-chip microcomputer chip, a first control end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with the sensor detection unit 40, a first collecting end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with an output end of the one-out-of-multiple selection chip, and a second collecting end of the single-chip microcomputer chip is connected with the sensor detection unit 40.

In this embodiment, the switching tube 10 operates according to the principle that the base electrode of the NPN triode and the photovoltaic module 100 are used to further prevent the NPN triode from conducting when the photovoltaic module 100 operates abnormally (the current is small), the collector electrode of the NPN triode is set to a high level, and the high level is input to the switching selector 20; when the photovoltaic module 100 works normally (current is normal), the NPN triode is turned on, and the collector of the NPN triode is connected to the system power supply ground, and then the low level of the NPN triode is input to the switch selector 20, thereby realizing a detection process. Through the switch selector 20 outputting the actually received signal to the controller 30 for selecting a plurality of chips, such as a seven-chip or a sixteen-chip, the controller 30 detects whether there is a high level in the photovoltaic module 100 to determine whether there is abnormal operation, and a PNP triode may be used herein. The controller 30 is a singlechip chip of C52 series, the photovoltaic module 100 which is used for determining whether abnormal work exists or not based on the information of the output end of the one-out-of-multiple selection chip acquired by the first acquisition end of the singlechip chip can be realized in the controller 30, and then the first control end of the singlechip chip is used for controlling the sensor detection unit 40 to work or not, and meanwhile, the information of the sensor detection unit 40 is acquired and used as detection information for detection. And further, the detection of the photovoltaic module is realized, and misjudgment of the photovoltaic module fault caused by the short-term occurrence of current due to environmental influence is avoided.

Further, in still another embodiment of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of the present utility model, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a selection circuit in the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module, the sensor detection unit 40 includes a selection circuit, a sensor subunit and a counter, the selection circuit includes a first resistor R1, a triode T1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the system power supply, the other end of the first resistor R1 is sequentially connected with the sensor subunit 40 and a collector of the triode T1, an emitter of the triode T1 is sequentially connected with the system power supply, a base of the triode T1 is sequentially connected with one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the system power supply, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a first control end of the single chip, and the counter is respectively connected with the first control end of the single chip and the first control end of the single chip.

Specifically, the sensor subunit includes a sensor, a sensor power supply and a power switch 41, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the power switch 41, and the power switch 41 is connected with the sensor and the sensor power supply.

In the present embodiment, the whole selection circuit is based on the control of the selection circuit by the controller 30 through the high-low level corresponding to the output of the switch selector 20. When the output signal is low level or no output, the triode T1 in the selection circuit is not conducted, so that the sensor subunit 40 is directly connected to the system power supply through the first resistor R1, and the level of the sensor subunit 40 is high level; when the output signal is at a high level, the transistor T1 in the selection circuit is turned on, so that the sensor subunit 40 is directly connected to the system power ground through the transistor T1, and the sensor subunit 40 is at a low level, so that the selective operation of the sensor subunit 40 can be controlled by the level. The sensor subunit comprises a sensor, a sensor power supply and a power switch 41, and is further connected with the power switch 41 through the other end of a resistor, and further conducts control on the power switch 41 through high and low levels, so that the sensor power supply in the sensor subunit supplies power to the sensor for working, and further detection is achieved.

Further, in still another embodiment of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to the present utility model, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an internal schematic diagram of a power switch in the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module, the power switch 41 includes a first terminal 4A, a second terminal 4B, a third terminal 4C, and a control terminal KX, the control terminal KX is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1, the first terminal 4A is connected to the sensor power supply, the second terminal 4B is connected to the sensor, and the third terminal 4C is suspended.

Specifically, when the first terminal 4A is connected to the second terminal 4B, it is disconnected from the third terminal 4C.

Specifically, when the first terminal 4A is connected to the third terminal 4C, it is disconnected from the second terminal 4B.

Specifically, the counter comprises a counting starting end and a counting collecting end, wherein the counting starting end is connected with a first control end of the single chip microcomputer chip, and the counting collecting end is connected with a second collecting end of the single chip microcomputer chip;

the first control end of the singlechip chip comprises a counting start signal port and a sensing start signal port, wherein the counting start signal port is connected with the counting start end, and the sensing start signal port is connected with the other end of the first resistor.

Specifically, the sensor is a light sensor.

In this embodiment, the control flow that can be implemented by the connection manner of the sensor, the sensor power supply, the power switch 41 and the counter in the sensor subunit is as follows: when the photovoltaic module has current abnormality, the power switch 41 inside the sensor subunit is connected to conduct the sensor and the sensor power supply, the sensor starts to work, meanwhile, the controller 30 also controls the counter to start to work, when the count value of the collecting counter reaches A, if the photovoltaic module collected at the moment still has current abnormality under the normal condition of illumination, the detection information can be determined to be the detection information of the photovoltaic module fault. Thus, the abnormal current information caused by environmental influence in a short time can be eliminated, and referring to fig. 5, the sensor is a light sensor and is arranged on the photovoltaic module 100 near the middle position, so as to collect whether the illumination is normal for fault detection. The fault detection mode can further ensure the accuracy of the fault detection of the photovoltaic module.

Further, the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module may further include a timer, and the timer is connected with the controller 30 to determine whether the abnormal current of the photovoltaic module is in the same time period, if so, the fault detection information is determined that the photovoltaic module has no fault, which may be due to the influence of illumination of the time period, so that the accuracy of fault detection is greatly improved.

Further, in still another embodiment of the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to the present utility model, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an internal schematic diagram of a power supply in the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module, and the power supply needs to be set because the whole circuit needs to be powered to work, and different power supplies need to be set in the power supply because different modules in the whole circuit need different power supplies. For example, normal devices only need 3.3V dc power, while others need 5V ac power. The power source is provided with a power source storage unit, which can be used to store electric energy of the photovoltaic module 100, and a power source conversion unit 50. Further, a small-sized photoelectric conversion device may be provided in the power storage unit, and the photoelectric conversion device may store electric energy by performing photoelectric conversion during the daytime, and may be connected to an ac power outlet. The power conversion unit 50 includes an ac-to-dc device, which is a circuit for converting ac power into dc power, a dc processing unit, which is a circuit for processing ac power into desired ac power, and an ac processing unit, which is a circuit for processing dc power into desired dc power. For example, the direct current processing unit may be a resistor for dividing voltage to obtain the required direct current. After the processing by the power conversion unit 50, a power supply unit 60 is obtained, and the power supply operation is performed on the instruments by using the required voltages of the instruments, respectively. A controller unit, including a single-chip microcomputer, can also be provided to supply power to the instruments in the circuit.

In addition, the utility model also provides a device which comprises the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a circuit board, wherein a fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module is arranged on the circuit board and is connected to the photovoltaic module;

in an embodiment, the device further comprises a circuit board, wherein a sensor detection unit, a switch selector and a controller in a fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module are arranged on the circuit board and connected to the photovoltaic module;

in an embodiment, the device further comprises a circuit board, wherein a plurality of switch tubes, a sensor detection unit, a switch selector and a controller in the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module are arranged on the circuit board and connected to the photovoltaic module. The above is an embodiment of the device and is not limited herein.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and drawings of the present utility model or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a plurality of switch tubes, a sensor detection unit, a switch selector and a controller;

the switch tube is respectively connected with the photovoltaic module and the switch selector, and the controller is respectively connected with the switch selector and the sensor detection unit;

the switching tube sends a level signal corresponding to the photovoltaic current of the photovoltaic module to the switching selector, the switching selector sends the level signal to the controller, the controller sends a sensor working signal corresponding to the level signal to the sensor detection unit, the sensor detection unit responds to the sensor working signal to collect real-time environment information of the photovoltaic module and sends the real-time environment information to the controller, and the controller detects faults of the photovoltaic module according to the real-time environment information.

2. The fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the switching tube is an NPN triode, an emitter of the NPN triode is connected with a system power supply, a base of the NPN triode is connected with the photovoltaic module, and a collector of the NPN triode is connected with the switching selector.

3. The fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein the switch selector comprises a multiple-choice one-choice chip, an input end of the multiple-choice one-choice chip is connected with a collector of the NPN triode, and an output end of the multiple-choice one-choice chip is connected with the controller.

4. The fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein the controller is a C52 series single-chip microcomputer, a first control end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the sensor detection unit, a first collection end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an output end of the one-to-one selection chip, and a second collection end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the sensor detection unit.

5. The fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein the sensor detection unit comprises a selection circuit, a sensor subunit and a counter, the selection circuit comprises a first resistor, a triode, a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the system power supply, the other end of the first resistor is sequentially connected with the sensor subunit and a collector of the triode, an emitter of the triode is connected with the system power supply, a base of the triode is sequentially connected with one end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the system power supply, the other end of the third resistor is connected with a first control end of the single chip, and the counter is respectively connected with a first control end of the single chip and a second acquisition end of the single chip.

6. The fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein the sensor subunit comprises a sensor, a sensor power source, and a power switch, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the power switch, and the power switch is connected to the sensor and the sensor power source.

7. The fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein the power switch includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a third terminal, and a control terminal, the control terminal being connected to the other end of the first resistor, the first terminal being connected to the sensor power supply, the second terminal being connected to the sensor, the third terminal being suspended.

8. The fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein the counter comprises a counting start end and a counting acquisition end, the counting start end is connected with a first control end of the single-chip microcomputer chip, and the counting acquisition end is connected with a second acquisition end of the single-chip microcomputer chip;

the first control end of the singlechip chip comprises a counting start signal port and a sensing start signal port, wherein the counting start signal port is connected with the counting start end, and the sensing start signal port is connected with the other end of the first resistor.

9. The fault detection circuit of a photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein the sensor is a light sensor.

10. An apparatus comprising the fault detection circuit of the photovoltaic module of any one of claims 1 to 9.