CN220138690U - Wide lobe circular polarization receiving antenna - Google Patents
Wide lobe circular polarization receiving antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN220138690U CN220138690U CN202321678309.7U CN202321678309U CN220138690U CN 220138690 U CN220138690 U CN 220138690U CN 202321678309 U CN202321678309 U CN 202321678309U CN 220138690 U CN220138690 U CN 220138690U
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- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a wide-lobe circularly polarized receiving antenna which comprises a PCB dielectric substrate (2), a PCB upper-layer grounding layer (1) arranged on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric substrate (2), a PCB lower-layer feed network (3) arranged on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate (2), a back cavity metal wall (4) and a reflecting floor (5); the back cavity metal wall (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the reflecting floor (5) and forms an air cavity (6) with an upward opening with the reflecting floor (5), the PCB dielectric substrate (2) is fixed at the caliber of the air cavity (6), the air cavity (6) is sealed, and the upper layer grounding layer (1) of the PCB is contacted with the back cavity metal wall (4); the lower layer feed network of the PCB is positioned in the air cavity (6); the PCB lower layer feed network (3) adopts a power division phase shift network formed by microstrip lines. The utility model ensures good circular polarization performance of the antenna when the lobe width is increased and miniaturization is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a receiving antenna, in particular to a wide-lobe circularly polarized receiving antenna.
Background
Because of the development and popularization of satellite communication, people's daily lives are increasingly dependent on satellite communication. Satellite communication performance complements the needs of people, and the increasing demands of people along with satellite communication development require that satellite communication systems work better and have better aesthetics at any time and place. There is a need to improve the performance of various satellite communication systems, including the signal coverage of the wireless system, in order to receive wireless signals well anywhere in the earth and to miniaturize the integration of the various modules.
In order for satellite communication systems to meet the demand for location adaptability, satellite receiving antennas require the use of circularly polarized antennas with wide beams to increase signal coverage, while reducing the size of the antennas is an important part of the improved look of integrated satellite communication systems.
The basic idea in industry to date to increase the beam width is to adjust the far field beam shape of the two orthogonal field components and keep their intensities substantially equal over a wide range of angles.
For miniaturization, various relatively sophisticated miniaturization techniques have been developed, such as impedance loading, slit folding, parting techniques, bending structures, etc. There are few studies for reducing the size of an antenna based on the idea of miniaturization from the viewpoint of the whole active antenna and thus achieving simplification of a communication system.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a wide-lobe circularly polarized receiving antenna.
The aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a wide lobe circularly polarized receiving antenna comprises a PCB dielectric substrate, a PCB upper layer grounding layer arranged on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric substrate, a PCB lower layer feed network arranged on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate, a back cavity metal wall and a reflecting floor;
the back cavity metal wall is fixed on the upper surface of the reflecting floor and forms an air cavity with an upward opening with the reflecting floor, the PCB dielectric substrate is fixed at the caliber of the air cavity, the air cavity is sealed, and the upper layer grounding layer of the PCB is contacted with the back cavity metal wall; the lower layer feed network of the PCB is positioned in the air cavity;
the lower layer feed network of the PCB adopts a power division phase shift network formed by microstrip lines.
Preferably, the length and width dimensions of the PCB dielectric substrate are consistent with those of the air cavity, and the PCB dielectric substrate is fixed with the metal wall of the back cavity in a bonding, welding or integrated forming mode;
the back cavity metal wall is fixed with the reflecting floor by means of bonding, welding or integrated forming.
The length and width dimensions of the reflective floor are larger than those of the PCB dielectric substrate.
Preferably, four unit gaps are formed in the upper-layer grounding layer of the PCB, the four unit gaps are spirally distributed, and the central point of the upper-layer grounding layer of the PCB is in central symmetry; the bending angle of each unit gap bending part is 90 degrees; the initial edge of each unit gap is arranged at the edge of the upper layer of the PCB.
Preferably, the lower layer feed network of the PCB board includes four microstrip lines, the start ends of each microstrip line are connected together, the end of each microstrip line corresponds to a unit slot, and the end of each microstrip line is opposite to the start edge of the corresponding unit slot.
Preferably, an antenna radio frequency front end is integrated on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate or in the air cavity, and the antenna radio frequency front end is connected with the starting end of the microstrip line.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model designs the active module in the cavity of the back cavity (arranged at the bottom of the cavity or integrated on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the PCB), thereby realizing the integrated design of the antenna and the radio frequency front end module to a certain extent, not only ensuring the excellent performance of the wide wave beam of the antenna, but also improving the space utilization rate and realizing the active miniaturization technology of the antenna. And symmetrical gaps at four edges of the grounding layer of the PCB ensure good circular polarization performance of the antenna when the lobe width is increased and miniaturization is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the antenna;
FIG. 4 depicts an S11 parameter plot of antenna return loss;
fig. 5 is a gain curve and an axial ratio curve of the antenna;
fig. 6 depicts an axial ratio pattern corresponding to a center frequency point 1480MHz of the antenna;
fig. 7 is a left-hand and right-hand direction diagram of the antenna at a center frequency point 1480 MHz.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following description.
The utility model discloses information based on cavity gap radiation antenna, with the feed network of antenna and the active front end module design of antenna inside the antenna cavity to the limited space of maximize utilization when designing the antenna, thereby obtain better antenna performance.
The edge of the grounding layer of the PCB is designed with a spiral gap structure, and microstrip lines with sequential 90DEG phase difference are used for coupling gaps for feeding, so that circularly polarized waves are generated. Meanwhile, due to the application of the back cavity grounding structure, the antenna has good gain lobe width and axial ratio lobe width, and particularly:
as shown in fig. 1, the wide lobe circularly polarized receiving antenna comprises a PCB board dielectric substrate 2, a PCB board upper layer grounding layer 1 arranged on the upper surface of the PCB board dielectric substrate 2, a PCB board lower layer feeding network 3 arranged on the lower surface of the PCB board dielectric substrate 2, a back cavity metal wall 4 and a reflective floor 5;
the back cavity metal wall 4 is fixed on the upper surface of the reflecting floor 5, an air cavity 6 with an upward opening is formed with the reflecting floor 5, the PCB dielectric substrate 2 is fixed at the caliber of the air cavity 6, the air cavity 6 is sealed, and the upper layer grounding layer 1 of the PCB is contacted with the back cavity metal wall 4; the lower layer feed network of the PCB is positioned in the air cavity 6;
the lower layer feed network 3 of the PCB adopts a power division phase shift network formed by microstrip lines;
in the embodiment of the utility model, an antenna radio frequency front end is also integrated on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate 2 or in the air cavity 6, and the antenna radio frequency front end is connected with the PCB lower layer feed network 3; the antenna radio frequency front end generally comprises a low noise amplifier, a down converter and a filter which are connected in sequence, wherein the low noise amplifier receives signals from a lower layer feed network 3 of a PCB, amplifies the signals and then transmits the amplified signals to the down converter for down conversion, and then transmits the obtained signals to the filter for filtering and then outputs the signals to the outside through a signal transmission line.
The four edges of the grounding layer of the PCB are provided with highly symmetrical spiral gaps, so that the coupling feed can generate better circularly polarized waves, the grounding layer of the PCB is connected with the metal shell around the metal back cavity, and therefore, the grounding structure is realized. In practical application, if the radio frequency front end device is required to be integrated on the lower layer of the PCB, the feed network can be moved to the middle layer in a strip line mode, and the active structure, the device and the like of the antenna radio frequency front end are integrated on the lower layer of the antenna part PCB, so that the antenna and the radio frequency front end are integrated into a whole.
The feeding of the PCB adopts a four-point feeding method, namely a sequential spiral feeding method, and then two orthogonal working modes are excited by microstrip line coupling slots to realize circular polarization. The feed structure is a compact power division phase-shifting feed network, the phase sequence phase difference of 90 degrees and the power constant-amplitude output are realized by utilizing the length-width size matching design of the microstrip lines, the design of the feed network is based on the simulation impedance values of four microstrip line ports under the structure so as to perfectly match the radiation part of the antenna, and the unique feed network design can well ensure the circular polarization performance of the antenna. At this time, the module of four micro wires can be regarded as four feeding ports.
The size of the metal back cavity is consistent with that of the PCB, so that the PCB is completely covered on the caliber of the metal back cavity, the grounding layer of the PCB is directly connected with the metal shell of the back cavity to realize grounding, and the metal floor below is not only the metal shell at the bottom of the back cavity, but also the reflecting floor of the antenna, and the size of the metal floor is larger than that of the PCB (namely the size of the back cavity), thereby reducing the back lobe, increasing the size of the lobe width of the 3dB axial ratio, and realizing better beam performance.
The utility model integrates the back cavity grounding structure for increasing the lobe width with the metal isolation cover of the feed structure, designs the active module in the cavity of the back cavity, thereby realizing the integrated design of the antenna and the radio frequency front end module to a certain extent, not only ensuring the excellent performance of the wide wave beam of the antenna, but also improving the space utilization rate and realizing the active miniaturization technology of the antenna. And symmetrical gaps at four edges of the grounding layer of the PCB ensure good circular polarization performance of the antenna when the lobe width is increased and miniaturization is realized. The utility model has the characteristics of high performance, compact design, simple process and low cost. The sequential spiral coupling feed method can well ensure the circular polarization performance of the antenna; the back cavity which occupies the main part of the antenna structure is a special structure for increasing the width of the antenna lobe, is also an isolation cover for isolating the active module, has simple structure and is beneficial to integration, and simultaneously realizes the wide lobe and the active miniaturization technology of the antenna.
Fig. 2 is a side view of an antenna of the present utility model in an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in the figure, the height of the utility model is 15mm, wherein the thickness h0 of the PCB is 0.508mm, a Ro4350 plate with a dielectric constant of 3.66 is adopted, the upper grounding layer is a metal layer with a spiral gap at the edge, and the lower grounding layer is a four-feed public-division feed network for realizing the circular polarization of the antenna; the height h of the metal back cavity is 15mm.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the antenna. In this embodiment, a 50Ohm port may be connected to a common starting point of the four microstrip lines, the feeding network may transmit energy from the 50Ohm ports to the four feeding interfaces with equal power, respectively, and the four microstrip lines may feed the antenna through slot coupling. The design is mainly applied to satellite signal receiving, and when the design is actually used, incoming wave signals are excited to signals with corresponding phase amplitudes at four ports of a feed network through an antenna, and finally the received carrier signals are output through a 50Ohm port and transmitted to the antenna radio frequency front end. The tail ends of the four connected microstrip lines are aligned with the outer layer gaps.
The grounding metal layer on the upper layer of the PCB board is provided with a fully symmetrical spiral gap on four sides, the gap width w of the spiral gap is 2mm, the length ls of the innermost gap is 16.7mm, and after energy is transmitted to the metal layer through the coupling of four microstrip lines and the spiral gap, the spiral gap enables current on the metal layer to form annular current, so that good circular polarization performance is achieved.
Fig. 4 depicts an S11 parameter plot of antenna return loss. As can be seen, there is sufficient margin in the desired frequency band (1467-1492 mhz). Even if machining errors exist, the return loss of the antenna can meet the use requirements.
Fig. 5 shows the gain curve and the axial ratio curve of the antenna, and it can be seen that the gain performance of the antenna is good, the highest gain reaches 5.6dB, and the gain is maintained above 5dB in the whole required frequency band range (even in a wide frequency band range outside the required frequency band). The axial ratio reaches 1dB at the center frequency of 1.48G, and the axial ratio is kept good in the required frequency band (1467-1492 MHz).
Fig. 6 depicts an axial ratio pattern corresponding to a central frequency point 1480MHz of the antenna (the axial ratio performance of the central frequency point can be used to replace the axial ratio performance corresponding to other frequency points in the frequency band because the bandwidth requirement is not high), and it can be seen from the figure that the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 3dB in the 180deg range of theta= -90 deg, and the antenna has good circular polarization performance, which fully embodies the characteristics of the wide lobe of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is left-hand and right-hand patterns of the antenna at a center frequency point 1480MHz, and fig. 7 (a) is left-hand and right-hand patterns of the antenna when phi=0°; fig. 7 (b) is a left-right hand pattern of the antenna when phi=45°. As can be seen from the figure, the antenna has good circular polarization performance and front-to-back ratio, and fully shows good gain beam width of the antenna.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the utility model. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the utility model be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna, characterized by: the novel high-voltage power supply device comprises a PCB dielectric substrate (2), a PCB upper layer grounding layer (1) arranged on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric substrate (2), a PCB lower layer feed network (3) arranged on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate (2), a back cavity metal wall (4) and a reflecting floor (5);
the back cavity metal wall (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the reflecting floor (5) and forms an air cavity (6) with an upward opening with the reflecting floor (5), the PCB dielectric substrate (2) is fixed at the caliber of the air cavity (6), the air cavity (6) is sealed, and the upper layer grounding layer (1) of the PCB is contacted with the back cavity metal wall (4); the lower layer feed network of the PCB is positioned in the air cavity (6);
the PCB lower layer feed network (3) adopts a power division phase shift network formed by microstrip lines.
2. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the length and width dimensions of the PCB dielectric substrate (2) are consistent with those of the air cavity, and the PCB dielectric substrate is fixed with the back cavity metal wall (4) in a bonding, welding or integrated forming mode;
the back cavity metal wall (4) is fixed with the reflecting floor (5) in a bonding, welding or integrated forming mode.
3. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the length and width dimensions of the reflective floor (5) are larger than those of the PCB dielectric substrate (2).
4. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein: four unit gaps are formed in the upper-layer grounding layer (1) of the PCB, and are spirally distributed and are centrosymmetric with the central point of the upper-layer grounding layer (1) of the PCB; the bending angle of each unit gap bending part is 90 degrees; the initial edge of each unit gap is arranged at the edge of the upper layer grounding layer (1) of the PCB.
5. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the lower-layer feed network (3) of the PCB comprises four microstrip lines, the starting ends of each microstrip line are connected together, the tail end of each microstrip line corresponds to one unit gap, and the tail end of each microstrip line is opposite to the starting edge of the corresponding unit gap.
6. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as in claim 5 wherein: the phases of the four microstrip lines are sequentially different by 90 degrees in the clockwise direction.
7. A wide lobe circularly polarized receive antenna as in claim 5 wherein: an antenna radio frequency front end is also integrated on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric substrate (2) or in the air cavity, and the antenna radio frequency front end is connected with the starting end of the microstrip line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321678309.7U CN220138690U (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Wide lobe circular polarization receiving antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321678309.7U CN220138690U (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Wide lobe circular polarization receiving antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220138690U true CN220138690U (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321678309.7U Active CN220138690U (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Wide lobe circular polarization receiving antenna |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220138690U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-29 CN CN202321678309.7U patent/CN220138690U/en active Active
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