CN220138557U - Battery pack box and battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a battery pack box body and a battery pack, and aims to solve the problem that high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway of a battery cell module is too concentrated to cause deformation of the box body. For this purpose, a battery pack case of the present utility model includes a partition dividing an inner cavity of the case into a plurality of chambers for accommodating battery cells, a first passage is provided inside the partition, a first air intake hole is provided at a lower surface of the partition, and a first air exhaust hole is provided at an upper surface of the partition. The battery pack comprises the battery pack box body and the battery cell module. The partition piece divides the inner cavity into a plurality of chambers, and can prevent other chambers from being influenced by the thermal runaway gas. The high-temperature high-pressure air can enter the first channel in the partition, so that pressure and heat are dispersed on the partition, the whole structure of the box body is pressed and heated more uniformly, deformation is avoided, and the service life of the box body is prolonged.

Description

Battery pack box and battery pack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, and particularly provides a battery pack box body and a battery pack.

Background

The battery pack is a core component of the new energy automobile. A conventional battery pack structure includes a housing and a plurality of battery cells disposed within the housing. The energy density of the battery cell is high, and heat is generated during operation. When the battery cells are out of control, high-temperature and high-pressure air is generated. If these high temperature gases cannot be discharged from the battery pack in time, the battery cells may be ignited, and the fire may spread to other battery cells in the battery pack or burn through the battery pack case. Moreover, the high-temperature gas has high gas pressure, which is liable to damage other components of the battery pack.

The prior art typically provides an air passage in the housing to allow the gas to escape through the air passage. However, in order to enable rapid gas discharge, the above-described gas passage is generally provided to be short. This arrangement may cause the thermal runaway gas to collect at the air passage, and the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas are too concentrated, thereby causing deformation of the case.

Therefore, there is a need in the art for a battery pack case and a battery pack to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems, namely, the problems that high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway of the cell module is too concentrated, and the case body is deformed.

In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a battery pack case comprising:

the battery cell module comprises a partition piece, wherein the inner cavity of the box body is divided into a plurality of chambers for accommodating the battery cell module, a first channel is formed in the partition piece, a first air inlet hole is formed in the lower surface of the partition piece, a first air exhaust hole is formed in the upper surface of the partition piece, and the first air inlet hole and the first air exhaust hole are communicated through the first channel.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the case further includes a bottom plate and a plurality of supporting members disposed at intervals, the bottom plate being in contact with a lower surface of the supporting members;

the partition is in contact with the upper surface of the support such that the partition and the bottom plate have a gap at a spaced position between the plurality of the supports, and the first air intake hole is provided at the spaced position on the partition.

In the specific embodiment of the battery pack case, a second channel is arranged in the support member, a second air inlet hole communicated with the second channel is arranged on the lower surface of the support member, and the bottom plate is attached to the lower surface of the support member, so that the bottom plate seals the second air inlet hole;

the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the cell module can drive the bottom plate to deform, so that a first gap is formed between the bottom plate and the lower surface of the support piece.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the case further includes:

and the inlet of the first explosion-proof valve is communicated with the second channel, and the outlet of the first explosion-proof valve is communicated with the outside of the box body.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the second channel is disposed to extend along a length direction of the support member;

the length direction of the separator is perpendicular to the length direction of the support.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the case further includes:

an upper cover, the upper surface of the partition piece is abutted against the upper cover, so that the upper cover can seal the first exhaust hole;

the gas in the first channel can drive the upper cover to deform so that a second gap is formed between the upper cover and the partition piece.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the case further includes:

and the inlet of the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the inner cavity of the box body, and the outlet of the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the outside of the box body.

In a specific embodiment of the above battery pack case, the case further includes:

a shielding member disposed between the battery cell module and the upper cover such that a space for accommodating gas exhausted from the second gap is formed between the shielding member and the upper cover;

and an inlet of the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the space.

In the specific embodiment of the battery pack case, a plurality of the separators are arranged in the inner cavity of the case at intervals; and/or

A plurality of the first passages are provided along the length direction of the partition.

In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a battery pack comprising:

the battery pack case;

and the battery cell modules are respectively arranged in the cavities.

In the case of adopting the above technical scheme, the separator of the present utility model is disposed in the inner cavity, and can divide the inner cavity into a plurality of chambers, and a plurality of cell modules are disposed in the plurality of chambers, respectively. This prevents the thermal runaway gases from affecting the cell modules of other chambers. The high-temperature high-pressure gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell module can enter the first channel in the separator through the first air inlet hole, so that the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas are dispersed to the separator, the whole structure of the box body is pressed and heated more uniformly, the deformation caused by uneven pressing and heating is reduced, and the service life of the box body is prolonged.

Further, thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module enters the first channel through the first inlet aperture. The gas in the first channel is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and can drive the upper cover to deform at the first exhaust hole so as to form a second gap between the upper cover and the partition piece. The gas in the first channel enters the space between the protective piece and the upper cover through the second gap, and is discharged out of the box body through the second explosion-proof valve. Therefore, the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas can be distributed into the separating piece, the upper cover and the inner cavity of the box body, so that the deformation of the box body caused by the concentration of the pressure and the heat is avoided, and the service life of the box body is prolonged.

Further, a plurality of separating pieces are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body at intervals, and a plurality of first channels, and a first air inlet hole and a first air outlet hole which are correspondingly arranged are arranged on the separating pieces. Therefore, the thermal runaway gas can be distributed more uniformly in the box body, and the deformation of the box body is further prevented. And increasing the space for the exhaust gas, enabling the tank to withstand higher gas pressures; the thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the plurality of first channels, so that the discharge speed is increased.

Further, the thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module can drive the bottom plate to deform so as to form a first gap between the bottom plate and the lower surface of the support. A part of the thermal runaway gas enters the second channel through the first gap and the second air inlet hole and is discharged out of the box body through the first explosion-proof valve. This allows the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas to be distributed to the soleplate and the support member, which makes the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas more evenly distributed in the tank.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of a battery pack case provided by the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the battery pack case provided by the utility model, wherein the upper cover and the battery cell module are not shown;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a separator according to the present utility model, wherein arrows indicate the direction of gas flow along the first channel;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partially cut-away structure of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the support and the partition provided by the present utility model.

List of reference numerals:

1. a partition; 11. a first air inlet hole; 12. a first exhaust hole; 2. a cell module; 3. a bottom plate; 4. a support; 41. a second channel; 42. a second air inlet hole; 5. a first explosion-proof valve; 6. an upper cover; 7. a second explosion-proof valve; 8. a guard; 9. a sidewall assembly; 10. reinforcing ribs.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be communicated with the inside of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In order to solve the problem of high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharge when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the embodiment discloses a battery pack which is mainly used for providing electric energy for a vehicle.

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a battery pack, which is mainly used for providing electric energy for a vehicle, and can also be used for providing electric energy for other devices.

The battery pack comprises a battery cell module 2 and a box body.

The cell module 2 comprises one or more individual cells, the cell module 2 being the main component for providing electrical energy. The cell module 2 is mounted in the case. During operation of the cell module 2, thermal runaway may occur and high temperature and high pressure gas is generated.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the case includes a sidewall assembly 9, a bottom plate 3, an upper cover 6, a partition 1, a support 4, a protector 8, a first explosion-proof valve 5, and a second explosion-proof valve 7. The side wall assembly 9 is approximately rectangular in shape, and the bottom plate 3 and the upper cover 6 are both connected to the side wall assembly 9 to enclose an inner cavity of the box body, and the battery cell module 2 is arranged in the inner cavity. Wherein the base plate 3 and the support 4 may be collectively referred to as a base plate assembly.

The separator 1 is specifically a separator. The partition 1 is arranged in the inner cavity, the inner cavity can be divided into a plurality of chambers, and the plurality of battery cell modules 2 are respectively arranged in different chambers. This prevents the thermal runaway gases from affecting the cell modules 2 of the other chambers. Of course, the present utility model does not impose any limitation on the specific shape of the partition member 1, as long as the partition member 1 can exert the effect of partitioning the inner cavity.

Referring to fig. 3, a first passage (not shown) is provided inside the partition 1, a first air intake hole 11 is provided at a lower surface of the partition 1, and a first air discharge hole 12 is provided at an upper surface of the partition 1. Preferably, the first passage is embodied as a through hole provided in the partition plate, and the first intake hole 11 and the first exhaust hole 12 communicate through the first passage. At least a portion of the thermal runaway gas can enter the first passage through the first gas inlet through hole, and the gas in the first passage can be discharged through the first gas discharge hole 12. Of course, the present utility model is not limited in any way to the specific shape of the first channel, for example: the first channel may be provided to extend in a straight line or a curved line as long as the thermal runaway gas can pass through the first channel effect.

Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of supporters 4 are disposed at intervals, the lower surface of the partition 1 abuts against the upper surface of the supporters 4, and the first air intake holes 11 on the lower surface of the partition 1 are disposed toward the gap between the supporters 4. The lower surface of the support 4 abuts against the bottom plate 3 so that there is a gap between the lower surface of the partition 1 and the bottom plate 3. In this arrangement, the thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module 2 is allowed to enter the first inlet holes 11 through the gap between the separator 1 and the bottom plate 3 and the gap between the supports 4.

Referring to fig. 4, the upper surface of the partition 1 abuts against the upper cover 6 such that the upper cover 6 closes the first exhaust hole 12. The gas in the first channel can drive the upper cover 6 to deform so that a second gap is formed between the upper cover 6 and the partition 1. The gas in the first passage can enter the inner cavity of the box body through the first exhaust hole 12 and the second gap in sequence.

The shielding member 8 is disposed between the cell module 2 and the upper cover 6 such that a space for accommodating the gas discharged from the second gap is formed between the shielding member 8 and the upper cover 6. Specifically, a protective member 8 is disposed in each chamber, and the protective member 8 is specifically a mica sheet. The shielding member 8 is capable of separating the thermal runaway gas generated from the cell module 2 and the gas discharged from the second gap, leaving the thermal runaway gas generated from the cell module 2 in the space between the shielding member 8 and the bottom plate 3, and leaving the gas discharged from the second gap in the space between the shielding member 8 and the upper cover 6, avoiding mixing of the two gases. It should be noted that, although the shielding member 8 in the present embodiment is a mica sheet, this is not a limitation of the present utility model, and those skilled in the art may use other arrangements in other embodiments without departing from the principles of the present utility model, as long as the shielding member 8 can perform the effects of separating gas and insulating heat.

The inlet of the second explosion-proof valve 7 is communicated with the inner cavity of the box body, and the outlet of the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the outside of the box body. Specifically, the second explosion-proof valve 7 is provided on the side wall assembly 9, and an inlet of the second explosion-proof valve 7 communicates with a space between the upper cover 6 and the protector 8, so that the gas discharged from the second gap can be discharged outside the case through the second explosion-proof valve 7.

In summary, the first exhaust route is: the thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module 2 enters the first channel through the first inlet aperture 11. The gas in the first passage is in a high temperature and high pressure state, and can drive the upper cover 6 to deform at the first exhaust hole 12, so that a second gap is formed between the upper cover 6 and the partition 1. The gas in the first channel enters the space between the protecting piece 8 and the upper cover 6 through the second gap, and is discharged out of the box body through the second explosion-proof valve 7.

And, the protection piece 8 can avoid the thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module 2 to be directly discharged from the inner cavity of the box body. In the process of exhausting the thermal runaway gas through the first exhaust route, the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas can be distributed to different positions of the box body, such as the partition piece 1, the upper cover 6 and the inner cavity of the box body, so that the deformation of the box body caused by the concentration of the pressure and the heat is avoided, and the service life of the box body is prolonged.

Further, a plurality of partition pieces 1 are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body at intervals, a plurality of first channels are arranged on the partition pieces 1, and a first air inlet hole 11 and a first air outlet hole 12 are correspondingly arranged. Therefore, the thermal runaway gas can be distributed more uniformly in the box body, and the deformation of the box body is further prevented. And increasing the space for the exhaust gas, enabling the tank to withstand higher gas pressures; the thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the plurality of first channels, so that the discharge speed is increased.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the support 4 is provided with a second channel 41, preferably, the support 4 is a section bar, and the inner cavity of the section bar is the second channel 41. The lower surface of the support 4 has a second air intake hole 42, and the second air intake hole 42 communicates with the second passage 41. The bottom plate 3 is attached to the lower surface of the support 4 such that the bottom plate 3 closes the second air intake hole 42. Specifically, the bottom plate 3 is adhesively disposed with the lower surface of the support 4. The thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module 2 can drive the bottom plate 3 to deform, namely, the bonding part of the bottom plate 3 and the lower surface of the support 4 is separated, so that a first gap is formed between the bottom plate 3 and the lower surface of the support 4. At least a portion of the thermal runaway gas is able to enter the second channel 41 through the first gap and the second inlet holes 42 in sequence. Of course, the specific connection mode of the bottom plate 3 and the supporting piece 4 is not limited in the present utility model, the bottom plate 3 and the supporting piece 4 can be fixedly connected by a threaded fastener or a riveting mode, so as to ensure the connection stability of the bottom plate 3 and the supporting piece 4, and the bottom plate 3 and the supporting piece 4 are connected at the joint edge or around the second air inlet hole 42 by an adhesive mode, so as to ensure that the first gap can be formed, which obviously does not deviate from the basic principle of the present utility model, and the present utility model is within the scope of protection.

The inlet of the first explosion-proof valve 5 is communicated with the second channel 41, and the outlet thereof is communicated with the outside of the tank. Optionally, the first explosion-proof valve 5 is mounted on the side wall assembly 9, and a third channel (not shown in the figure) is provided in the side wall assembly 9, and the second channel 41 is in communication with the third channel, and an inlet of the first explosion-proof valve 5 is in communication with the third channel. The thermal runaway gas in the second passage 41 can be discharged outside the tank through the third passage and the first explosion-proof valve 5 in this order. Of course, the present utility model does not limit the specific position of the first explosion-proof valve 5, and the first explosion-proof valve 5 may obviously be disposed at other positions on the tank, and the inlet of the first explosion-proof valve 5 may also be directly connected to the second channel 41, which obviously does not deviate from the basic principle of the present utility model, and the present utility model falls within the protection scope of the present utility model.

In summary, the second exhaust route is: the thermal runaway gas generated by the cell module 2 can drive the bottom plate 3 to deform so that a first gap is formed between the bottom plate 3 and the lower surface of the support 4. A portion of the thermal runaway gas enters the second channel 41 through the first gap and the second inlet holes 42. The gas in the second passage 41 enters the third passage in the side wall assembly 9 and is discharged outside the tank through the first explosion proof valve 5.

The combination of the first exhaust route and the second exhaust route can enable the thermal runaway gas to be distributed more uniformly in the box body, so that the deformation of the box body is further avoided, and the service life of the box body is prolonged.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 5, the second passages 41 are extended along the length direction of the supporting member 4, and the length direction of the supporting member 4 and the length direction of the partitioning member 1 are perpendicular to each other, so that the plurality of first and second passages 41 are uniformly distributed in the case, which enables the pressure and heat of the thermal runaway gas to be more uniformly distributed in the case.

Furthermore, the cell module 2 can be fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support 4 to support the fixed cell module 2. Of course, the present utility model does not impose any limitation on the specific mounting structure of the cell module 2.

Referring to fig. 2, a reinforcing rib 10 is further provided in the case, and a length direction of the reinforcing rib 10 is perpendicular to a length direction of the partition 1 to improve mechanical properties of the case structure.

Thus far, the technical solution of the present utility model has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack case, comprising:

the battery cell module comprises a partition (1), wherein the inner cavity of the box is divided into a plurality of chambers for accommodating the battery cell module (2), a first channel is formed in the partition (1), a first air inlet hole (11) is formed in the lower surface of the partition (1), a first air outlet hole (12) is formed in the upper surface of the partition (1), and the first air inlet hole (11) and the first air outlet hole (12) are communicated through the first channel.

2. The battery pack case according to claim 1, further comprising a bottom plate (3) and a plurality of supporting members (4) arranged at intervals, the bottom plate (3) being in contact with a lower surface of the supporting members (4);

the partition (1) is in contact with the upper surface of the support (4), so that the partition (1) and the bottom plate (3) have gaps at spaced positions between a plurality of the supports (4), and the first air inlet holes (11) are provided at the spaced positions on the partition (1).

3. The battery pack case according to claim 2, wherein a second channel (41) is provided in the support member (4), a second air inlet hole (42) communicating with the second channel (41) is provided on the lower surface of the support member (4), and the bottom plate (3) is attached to the lower surface of the support member (4), so that the bottom plate (3) closes the second air inlet hole (42);

the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell module (2) can drive the bottom plate (3) to deform, so that a first gap is formed between the bottom plate (3) and the lower surface of the support piece (4).

4. The battery pack case according to claim 3, wherein the case further comprises:

and the inlet of the first explosion-proof valve (5) is communicated with the second channel (41), and the outlet of the first explosion-proof valve is communicated with the outside of the box body.

5. The battery pack case according to claim 4, wherein the second passage (41) is provided extending in a length direction of the support member (4);

the length direction of the partition (1) is perpendicular to the length direction of the support (4).

6. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein the case further comprises:

an upper cover (6), wherein the upper surface of the partition (1) is abutted against the upper cover (6) so that the upper cover (6) can close the first exhaust hole (12);

the gas in the first channel can drive the upper cover (6) to deform, so that a second gap is formed between the upper cover (6) and the partition piece (1).

7. The battery pack case of claim 6, wherein the case further comprises:

and the inlet of the second explosion-proof valve (7) is communicated with the inner cavity of the box body, and the outlet of the second explosion-proof valve is communicated with the outside of the box body.

8. The battery pack case of claim 7, wherein the case further comprises:

a guard (8) disposed between the cell module (2) and the upper cover (6) such that a space for accommodating gas discharged from the second gap is formed between the guard (8) and the upper cover (6);

the inlet of the second explosion-proof valve (7) is communicated with the space.

9. The battery pack case according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a plurality of the separators (1) are provided at intervals in an inner cavity of the case; and/or

A plurality of first channels are arranged along the length direction of the partition piece (1).

10. A battery pack, comprising:

the battery pack case according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

and the cell modules (2) are respectively arranged in the cavities.