CN220086208U

CN220086208U - Battery pack shell, power battery and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN220086208U
Application number: CN202321693143.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧阳林; 冯振
Original assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-30
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack shell, a power battery and a vehicle. The battery pack case of the present utility model includes a case body, and a cavity is formed in at least a portion of a wall of the case body, and can be configured to have at least one operating state including a vacuum state. According to the battery pack shell, the cavity is arranged in at least part of the wall body of the shell body, so that the heat transfer performance of the shell can be effectively reduced when the cavity is configured into a vacuum state, the battery core accommodating cavity in the battery pack shell body is kept at a proper working condition temperature, and the heat preservation performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Battery pack shell, power battery and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a battery pack shell. In addition, the utility model also relates to a power battery and a vehicle.

Background

With the vigorous development of new energy automobiles, a power battery is used as one of three main core components in the electric automobile, and plays a key role in the aspect of the cruising performance of the electric automobile.

As is well known, the service environment of a power battery has great influence on the endurance performance and the service life of the power battery, and when the battery is in a high-temperature state continuously or the internal temperature difference is large, thermal runaway is extremely easy to cause; too low a temperature can also greatly reduce its cruising ability. In a low-temperature environment, capacity loss of the battery is frequently caused, the loss is irreversible, mileage is reduced, and the use experience of a vehicle owner is reduced.

In the prior art, a battery pack with liquid cooling is usually provided with a single cooling system, for example: the battery pack is characterized in that the bottom of the battery cell is in liquid cooling, the middle part of the battery cell is in liquid cooling or the top of the battery cell is in liquid cooling, and a liquid cooling plate is arranged in the battery pack or on the battery pack shell to realize the temperature regulation function. However, the above-mentioned liquid cooling mode can only be directed against the electric core in the battery package and carries out local heating or cooling, and the battery shell body generally adopts the aluminium material that heat conductivility is good, leads to the inside heat preservation effect of battery package relatively poor, and the suitable temperature of adjusting by the liquid cooling board can be because the diffusion transmission of heat changes fast, leads to the liquid cooling board to adjust the temperature the consumption higher.

Especially in low temperature environment, through electric energy heating heat conduction liquid, rethread liquid cooling board is the inside heating of battery package, and the heat diffusion of battery package casing runs off, can seriously consume the required electric energy of battery package heating, leads to the control by temperature change effect of battery package not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present utility model is directed to a battery pack case for improving the heat insulation performance of a battery pack.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

a battery pack case includes a case body; a cavity is formed in at least a portion of the wall of the housing body, and the cavity can be configured to have at least one operational state, including a vacuum state.

Further, the shell body comprises a bottom shell and an upper shell buckled on the bottom shell; the cavity is formed in a wall of the upper housing.

Further, a liquid cooling plate is arranged in the bottom shell, and a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe which are communicated with a flow channel in the liquid cooling plate are arranged on the shell body.

Further, the battery pack shell further comprises a bottom plate arranged below the bottom shell, and a soft heat insulation cushion layer is arranged between the bottom plate and the bottom shell.

Further, the upper shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, and the outer shell and the inner shell are connected to the bottom shell; the outer housing and the inner housing define the cavity therebetween.

Further, the inner wall of the inner shell is coated with a radiation protection layer.

Further, the cavity can be configured to have two operating states and be switchable between the two operating states, including the vacuum state and the non-vacuum state.

Further, the shell body is provided with an air inlet and outlet pipe communicated with the cavity, the air inlet and outlet pipe is respectively communicated with the outside and the vacuum pump through a switching valve group, and the switching valve group comprises a three-way valve and a one-way valve.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

according to the battery pack shell, the cavity is arranged in at least part of the wall body of the shell, so that the heat transfer performance of the shell can be effectively reduced when the cavity is configured into a vacuum state, the electric core accommodating cavity in the battery pack shell is kept at a proper working condition temperature, and the heat preservation performance of the battery pack is improved.

In addition, the shell adopts a split bottom shell and upper shell structure, so that the processing structure of the shell is facilitated; the liquid cooling plate is arranged on the bottom shell, and the cavity is arranged in the upper shell, so that two different functional areas of temperature regulation (heating or cooling) and heat preservation are formed, the arrangement is reasonable, the structure is convenient, and the battery pack heating and heat preservation device is particularly suitable for a battery pack heating and heat preservation working condition scene. The liquid cooling plate heats the air flow in the battery cell accommodating cavity to rise and circulate, so that the temperature in the battery cell accommodating cavity is quickly raised, and the upper shell covered above has good heat insulation property due to the arrangement of the inner cavity of the upper shell, so that the proper working condition temperature in the battery cell accommodating cavity can be maintained for a long time.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a power battery and a vehicle, wherein the power battery adopts the battery pack housing of the present utility model; the vehicle adopts the power battery. The power battery and the vehicle have the technical advantages of the battery pack case.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model, wherein the words of front and back, top and bottom, etc. are used to indicate relative position and are not intended to limit the utility model unduly. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a battery pack case with an air inlet and outlet pipe at another arrangement position according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a housing body; 10. a bottom case; 11. an upper housing; 110. a cavity; 111. a housing; 112. an inner case; 12. a cell receiving cavity; 13. a bottom plate;

20. a liquid inlet pipe; 21. a liquid outlet pipe;

3. an electrical connector; 4. an air inlet and outlet pipe; 5. and a heat insulation cushion layer.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, if terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship such as "upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, inner, outer" or the like are used, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected," are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically defined. For example, the connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intermediaries, or in communication with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in combination with specific cases.

The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment relates to a battery pack shell, which can improve the heat preservation performance of a battery pack; an exemplary configuration of which is shown in fig. 1 and 2.

Overall, the battery case body includes a case body 1; furthermore, a cavity 110 is formed in at least part of the wall of the housing body 1, and the interior of the cavity 110 can be configured to have at least one operating state including a vacuum state.

Of course, in order to facilitate the structural molding of the case body 1 and the arrangement and installation of the components such as the battery cells in the battery cell accommodation chamber 12 in the case body 1, the case body 1 preferably adopts a split structure. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the housing body 1 includes a bottom case 10, and an upper housing 11 fastened to the bottom case 10. The cavity 110 is formed in the upper housing 11. An electrical connector 3 for connecting the battery cells in the battery cell accommodation chamber 12 to the outside of the battery pack may be provided on the bottom case 10 or the upper case 11; in the present embodiment, the electrical connector 3 is provided at a middle position on one side of the upper housing 11.

The shell body 1 adopts a split bottom shell 10 and upper shell 11 structure, which is convenient for the processing structure of the shell body 1. Based on the above arrangement, the liquid cooling plate is arranged in the bottom shell 10 of the embodiment, and meanwhile, the liquid inlet pipe 20 and the liquid outlet pipe 21 which are communicated with the flow channel in the liquid cooling plate are arranged on the shell body 1; the liquid inlet pipe 20 and the liquid outlet pipe 21 can penetrate into the cavity 110 from the outside of the upper shell 11, then bend downwards to extend to the bottom shell 10, and then communicate with a flow channel in a liquid cooling plate in the bottom shell 10. The temperature in the battery cell accommodating cavity 12 is regulated by the liquid cooling plate, and the battery cell accommodating cavity has the advantages of convenience in arrangement, rapid temperature regulation effect, mature and reliable technology and the like.

The liquid cooling plate and the inner cavity 110 of the upper shell 11 are embedded in the bottom shell 10, and two different functional areas of temperature regulation (heating or cooling) and heat preservation are formed on the shell body 1, so that the battery pack is reasonable in arrangement, convenient to construct and particularly suitable for a battery pack heating and heat preservation working condition scene. The heating of the liquid cooling plate can enable the air flow in the battery cell accommodating cavity 12 to rise and circulate so as to rapidly raise the temperature in the battery cell accommodating cavity 12, and the upper shell 11 covered above has good heat insulation due to the arrangement of the inner cavity 110, so that the proper working condition temperature in the battery cell accommodating cavity 12 can be kept for a long time.

In addition, the battery pack case of the present embodiment further includes a bottom plate 13 disposed below the bottom case 10, and a soft heat insulation cushion layer 5 is disposed between the bottom plate 13 and the bottom case 10. By paving the heat insulation cushion layer 5 between the bottom shell 10 and the bottom plate 13, hard contact between the bottom shell 10 internally provided with the liquid cooling plate and the bottom plate 13 can be avoided, and good buffering and protecting effects are achieved; in addition, the heat insulation cushion layer 5 also has a certain heat insulation effect, and is helpful for further improving the overall heat insulation effect of the battery pack.

The heat insulation cushion layer 5 can be a soft rubber cushion, a plastic foam cushion and the like; in this embodiment, the heat-insulating mat layer 5 is laid by cork boards. The cork board is used as the heat insulation cushion layer 5, and the cork board has good heat insulation and good self-bearing performance, and is suitable for the arrangement and bearing requirements of the liquid cooling board, the battery cells on the liquid cooling board and the like; and the cork material has the characteristics of shock resistance, durability, no water absorption, good heat insulation and the like.

For the specific construction of the upper housing 11, there are various options, such as an integrally formed process, while the cavity 110 is formed in the upper housing 11. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper housing 11 has a double-layer structure, and includes an outer housing 111 and an inner housing 112 that are sleeved together, wherein the outer housing 111 and the inner housing 112 are both connected to the bottom housing 10, preferably are both connected to the edge portion of the bottom housing 10 in a sealing manner, so that the cavity 110 is defined between the outer housing 111 and the inner housing 112.

The upper case 11 has a double-layer structure, and the edges of the outer case 111 and the inner case 112 are hermetically connected with the edge portion of the bottom case 10, so that the upper case 11 has a simpler structure, and a desired cavity 110 can be conveniently formed between the outer case 111 and the inner case 112. In order to ensure tightness between the outer case 111 and the bottom case 10 and between the inner case 112 and the bottom case 10, a gasket may be provided at an edge portion of the bottom case 10, and the upper case 11 and the bottom case 10 may be fixedly connected by means of bolts or the like.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, in order to facilitate the extraction of the gas in the cavity 110, a vacuum state is formed in the cavity 110 (of course, the vacuum in the cavity 110 is only required to be drawn to a low level without the need of drawing a true vacuum), and the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 communicating with the cavity 110 may be provided on the housing 111. In this embodiment, the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 is respectively connected with the outside and the vacuum pump through the switching valve group, and the vacuum pump can be used for pumping the cavity 110 into a vacuum state by controlling the on and off states of the switching valve group between the outside and the cavity 110 and between the vacuum pump and the cavity 110; or the outside is communicated with the cavity 110, so that air enters the cavity 110, and the cavity 110 is in a non-vacuum state.

The switching valve group of the present embodiment includes a three-way valve connected between the vacuum pump, the outside and the cavity 110, and a one-way valve provided on a vacuum pipe between the vacuum pump and the three-way valve. In this way, the cavity 110 can be configured into two working states, namely a vacuum state and a non-vacuum state, and the cavity 110 can be switched between the two working states by controlling the actions of the three-way valve and the vacuum pump.

Of course, the installation position of the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 may be flexibly selected, for example, may be set at the side of the casing 111 as shown in fig. 1; or, as shown in fig. 4, at the top of the housing 111.

By providing the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 and the three-way valve on the housing 111, the air in the cavity 110 can be conveniently extracted in real time by using vacuum equipment such as a vacuum pump, so that the vacuum degree in the cavity 110 can reach the degree required by the heat insulation performance. By arranging the three-way valve and the one-way valve on the air inlet and outlet pipe 4, the operation is more convenient when the air in the cavity 110 is extracted, and the condition of vacuum leakage when the vacuum pipeline is connected with the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 can be avoided. When the gas in the cavity 110 is pumped, the vacuum pump is started, the three-way valve is communicated with the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 and the vacuum pipeline connected with the vacuum pump, and the one-way valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline and only allows the gas in the cavity 110 to flow towards the vacuum pump so as to control the gas flow direction, avoid air leakage and improve the vacuumizing efficiency.

Further, it is preferable that the inner wall of the cavity 110 is coated with a radiation-proof layer. By coating the radiation-proof layer on the inner wall of the cavity 110, the heat loss of the upper shell 11 caused by radiation heat transfer mode can be reduced, and the overall heat preservation effect of the battery pack is further enhanced. Preferably, the radiation protection layer may be realized by coating a mercury layer or polishing (or electroplating) a smooth aluminum layer surface.

In summary, in the battery pack housing of the present embodiment, the cavity 110 is disposed in at least a portion of the wall of the housing body 1, so that the heat transfer performance of the housing body 1 can be effectively reduced when the cavity 110 is configured in a vacuum state, so that the battery core accommodating cavity 12 in the battery pack housing is kept at a suitable operating temperature, which is beneficial to improving the heat insulation performance of the battery pack.

Example two

The embodiment relates to a power battery and a vehicle, wherein a battery pack of the power battery adopts the battery pack shell provided by the first embodiment; the vehicle employs the power battery of the present embodiment.

Through setting up cavity 110 in the wall of casing body 1, when the vehicle normally goes, the steerable three-way valve leads external world and cavity 110, makes the cavity 110 contain the air, is in non-vacuum state, guarantees the smooth dissipation of heat in the battery use. When the vehicle stops running and the external temperature is very low, the three-way valve is communicated with the air inlet and outlet pipe 4 and the vacuum pipeline connected with the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is started, and the air in the cavity 110 sequentially passes through the air inlet and outlet pipe 4, the three-way valve and the one-way valve and then reaches the vacuum pump, so that the air in the cavity 110 is pumped out, the cavity 110 reaches a vacuum state, and the heat convection conduction condition is destroyed. Meanwhile, as the inner wall of the cavity 110 is provided with the smooth layer or the mercury coating which is plated with light, heat rays can be reflected back, and a heat radiation passage is broken, so that the heat loss in the battery pack can be effectively reduced, the heat energy generated during the operation of the battery core is fully utilized, the consumption of electric energy is reduced, the health of the battery is ensured, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack housing, characterized in that:

comprises a shell body (1);

a cavity (110) is formed in at least part of the wall of the shell body (1), and the cavity (110) can be configured to have at least one working state, wherein the at least one working state comprises a vacuum state;

the shell body (1) comprises a bottom shell (10) and an upper shell (11) buckled on the bottom shell (10); the cavity (110) is formed in a wall of the upper housing (11);

the upper shell (11) comprises an outer shell (111) and an inner shell (112), and the outer shell (111) and the inner shell (112) are connected to the bottom shell (10); the outer shell (111) and the inner shell (112) define the cavity (110) therebetween.

2. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein:

the liquid cooling plate is arranged in the bottom shell (10), and the liquid inlet pipe (20) and the liquid outlet pipe (21) which are communicated with the flow channel in the liquid cooling plate are arranged on the shell body (1).

3. The battery pack case according to claim 2, wherein:

the battery pack shell further comprises a bottom plate (13) arranged below the bottom shell (10), and a soft heat insulation cushion layer (5) is arranged between the bottom plate (13) and the bottom shell (10).

4. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein:

the inner wall of the inner shell (112) is coated with a radiation protection layer.

5. The battery pack case according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

the cavity (110) can be configured to have two operating states and can be switched between the two operating states, including the vacuum state and a non-vacuum state.

6. The battery pack case according to claim 5, wherein:

the shell body (1) is provided with an air inlet and outlet pipe (4) communicated with the cavity (110), the air inlet and outlet pipe (4) is respectively communicated with the outside and the vacuum pump through a switching valve group, and the switching valve group comprises a three-way valve and a one-way valve.

7. A power cell, characterized in that:

the power battery employs the battery pack case according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that:

the vehicle employs the power battery of claim 7.