CN220063460U - Soil sample collection equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides soil sample collection equipment, which comprises a base (10), support plates (20), a top plate (30), sliding plates (40) and sampling assemblies, wherein the support plates (20) are respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the base (10), the top plate (30) is arranged at the top of each support plate (20), the sliding plates (40) are arranged between the two support plates in a sliding manner, and the sampling assemblies are uniformly arranged on the sliding plates (40) and around the central axis of the sliding plates; the sampling assembly comprises a screw (51), a sampling sleeve (52), a drill bit (53), an extension rod (54) and a sliding sleeve (55). The acquisition device can acquire multi-point soil samples in the same area, can accurately sample soil layers with specific depths, effectively avoid the interference of soil layers with other depths, and has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, high accuracy of detection results and small error.

Description

Soil sample collection equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil sampling, in particular to soil sample collection equipment.

Background

The paddy field soil mainly comprises soil particles such as clay particles, powder particles, sand grains and the like, has the texture between clay and sandy soil, and has the advantages of good ventilation, water permeability, heat preservation and water retention. In the rice planting process, the quality of the rice field soil has important influence on the growth and quality of rice; therefore, the rice planting stage needs to sample and detect the soil in the rice field, thereby ensuring the yield of the rice. The Chinese patent document CN214200721U discloses a rice field soil sample sampling device, which effectively avoids the problems that the device has a complex structure and is not easy to operate, and the device is easy to incline during sampling due to manual support by arranging a sampling mechanism; through setting up storage structure, effectively avoided the device to take out the soil sample after the sampling is accomplished, deposit the problem in addition for the device can be in the direct storage tube of sending into with the soil sample in the sampling, directly pull down the storage tube from the device after the sampling is accomplished, preserve the soil sample, the effectual convenience that has improved the device. The device samples soil samples at a certain place only through a single sampling tube, the number of samples is small, the test result is inaccurate, and the reference value is low; in addition, when the device carries out soil cutting at the blade, the soil of different degree of depth all can get into in the sampling pipe, unable effective differentiation sampling pipe soil horizon degree of depth that the soil particle corresponds, and then cause sample detection to have the error, simultaneously, deep soil can receive the pollution of upper soil, causes follow-up testing result's inaccuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a soil sample collecting device which can collect multi-point soil samples aiming at the same area, has high sampling efficiency and ensures the accuracy of detection results; simultaneously, this sampling device can also sample the soil horizon of different degree of depth, avoids the problem of mutual influence between the soil granule of different degree of depth, avoids the detection error that the sampling leads to.

The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme:

a soil sample collection device, characterized in that: the device comprises a base, support plates, top plates, sliding plates and sampling assemblies, wherein the support plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the base and are arranged in parallel, the top of each support plate is provided with the top plate, the sliding plates are arranged between the two support plates in a sliding manner, and the sampling assemblies are uniformly arranged on the sliding plates around the central axis of the sliding plates; the sampling assembly comprises a screw rod, a sampling sleeve, a drill bit, an extension rod and a sliding sleeve, wherein the screw rod is rotationally connected with the bottom surface of the sliding plate, the bottom end of the screw rod penetrates through the base, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the base, the screw rod is hollow inside the screw rod, the outer wall of the lower side of the screw rod is provided with the sampling sleeve, the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling sleeve is in sliding connection with the drill bit, the top surface of the sliding plate is correspondingly provided with the sliding sleeve, the extension rod is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and one end of the extension rod, far away from the sliding sleeve, sequentially penetrates through the hollow part of the sliding plate and the screw rod and is rotationally connected with the top surface of the drill bit.

As a further optimization to the scheme, running gear is set up respectively to the base both sides, and running gear includes "T" shape positioning seat, "n" shape mount pad, pivot and walking wheel, "T" shape positioning seat respectively with base both sides lateral wall fixed connection and "T" shape positioning seat bottom set up "n" shape mount pad, the walking wheel cup joints in pivot outer wall and joint in "n" shape mount pad, and the walking wheel can revolute the pivot axis and rotate in "n" shape mount pad, and then realizes whole collection system's removal.

As a further optimization to the scheme, the front end face and the rear end face of the n-shaped mounting seat are provided with mud guards corresponding to the travelling wheels, and the mud guards are used for preventing soil from splashing in the travelling process and the whole collecting device is difficult to clean.

As a further optimization of the scheme, a telescopic rod assembly is arranged on the top plate, and one end, far away from the top plate, of the telescopic rod assembly is fixedly connected with the top surface of the sliding plate, so that the downward movement or the upward movement of the sliding plate is controlled through the extension or the shortening of the telescopic rod assembly; the telescopic rod assembly is controlled by a first hydraulic means arranged on the top plate.

As a further optimization to the scheme, the opposite side surfaces (namely, the side surfaces close to one side of the sliding plate) of the supporting plates are respectively provided with a vertical sliding groove, the two sides of the sliding plate are provided with sliding blocks corresponding to the vertical sliding grooves, the sliding blocks are clamped into the corresponding vertical sliding grooves and are in sliding connection, so that the sliding of the sliding plate between the two supporting plates is realized, and the stability of the sliding plate in the up-down sliding mode is ensured.

As a further optimization of the scheme, the sampling assemblies are in 3-10 groups.

As a further optimization to the scheme, the spiral guide vane is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sampling sleeve, so that deep soil is discharged to the ground in the soil drilling process, and the subsequent soil is collected conveniently.

As a further optimization of the scheme, the sliding between the extension rod and the sliding sleeve is controlled by a second hydraulic device arranged on the end face of the sliding plate, and the second hydraulic device is fixedly arranged on the end face of the sliding plate through a supporting rod.

The utility model has the following technical effects:

according to the utility model, each sampling assembly is driven to move downwards simultaneously by the sliding plate between the two supporting plates, and the screw is in threaded connection with the base and is fixedly connected with the sampling sleeve, so that the rotation of the screw, the sampling sleeve and the drill bit is realized in the downward movement process of the sampling assembly, and the soil drilling process of rotating and downward movement is further carried out; through the cooperation of the drill bit, the extension rod and the sliding sleeve, the drill bit can slide upwards in the sampling sleeve, so that an opening at the bottom of the sampling sleeve is opened, and deep soil can enter the sampling sleeve to finish sampling; simultaneously, through sampling sleeve, drill bit, extension rod and sliding sleeve's cooperation, can realize the closure to the sampling sleeve bottom in boring the soil in-process, avoid boring in the soil of different degree of depth of soil in-process get into the sampling sleeve, cause the pollution to follow-up sample soil, guarantee the accuracy of test result. The sampled deep soil can keep a complete cylindrical shape, so that the distribution condition of a deep soil layer is clearly reflected, and the subsequent detection and research are facilitated.

In addition, the utility model utilizes the soil sampling which is distributed in multiple points and in a ring shape in the same sampling area to realize the multi-component data acquisition of the same sampling point, firstly, the efficiency of soil acquisition is improved, the labor cost is reduced, secondly, the multi-component sampling data can be compared and analyzed, thereby avoiding large data deviation, being beneficial to obtaining more accurate detection results, thirdly, each sampling component can respectively sample and control the soil with different depth layers, further realizing the one-time sampling of the soil samples with different depths, and improving the detection efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition device in an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a usage state of the collecting device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

10, a base; 11. t-shaped positioning seat; 12. an n-shaped mounting seat; 13. a rotating shaft; 14. a walking wheel; 20. a support plate; 21. a vertical chute; 30. a top plate; 31. a telescoping rod assembly; 32. a first hydraulic device; 40. a slide plate; 41. a boom; 51. a screw; 510. an annular chute; 52. a sampling sleeve; 520. spiral guide vanes; 53. a drill bit; 54. an extension rod; 55. sliding sleeve.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1: a soil sample collection device, characterized in that: including base 10, backup pad 20, roof 30, slide 40 and sampling assembly, base 10 both sides set up running gear respectively, and running gear includes "T" shape positioning seat 11, "n" shape mount pad 12, pivot 13 and walking wheel 14, as shown in fig. 1: the T-shaped positioning seats 11 are fixedly connected with the side walls at the two sides of the base 10 respectively, the n-shaped mounting seats 12 are arranged at the bottom ends of the T-shaped positioning seats 11, the travelling wheels 14 are sleeved on the outer walls of the rotating shafts 14 and are clamped in the n-shaped mounting seats 12 (namely, the two ends of the rotating shafts 14 are rotationally connected with the inner walls at the two sides of the n-shaped mounting seats 12), the travelling wheels 14 can rotate around the central axis of the rotating shafts 13 in the n-shaped mounting seats 12, and then the whole collecting device can move; the front and rear end surfaces of the n-shaped mounting seat 12 (i.e. opposite to the paper surface and the back surface in fig. 1) are provided with mud guards corresponding to the travelling wheels 14 (the mud guard structure is not specifically limited, and mud guard structures common in the art, such as arc mud guards, special mud guards, etc., can be adopted) for preventing mud from splashing in the travelling process, and the whole collecting device is difficult to clean.

The two sides of the end face of the base 10 are respectively provided with a supporting plate 20 and two supporting plates 20 are arranged in parallel, the tops of the two supporting plates 20 are provided with a top plate 30, and a sliding plate 40 is arranged between the two supporting plates in a sliding manner, as shown in fig. 1: the opposite side surfaces (namely, the side surface close to one side of the sliding plate 40) of the supporting plate 20 are respectively provided with a vertical sliding groove 21, the two sides of the sliding plate 40 are provided with sliding blocks corresponding to the vertical sliding grooves 21, and the sliding blocks are clamped into the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 21 and are in sliding connection, so that the sliding of the sliding plate 40 between the two supporting plates 20 is realized, and the up-and-down sliding stability of the sliding plate 40 is ensured. The top plate 30 is provided with a telescopic rod assembly 31 (the telescopic rod assembly 31 consists of a fixed thick rod and a sliding thin rod), and one end of the telescopic rod assembly 31 far away from the top plate 30 (namely, one end of the thin rod far away from the thick rod) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the sliding plate 40, so that the sliding plate 40 is controlled to move downwards or upwards through the extension or shortening of the telescopic rod assembly 31; the telescopic rod assembly 31 is controlled by a first hydraulic device 32 provided on the top plate 30 (as shown in fig. 1, the first hydraulic device 32 is fixedly provided on an end surface of the top plate 30 by a mounting block).

Sampling components are uniformly arranged on the sliding plate 40 around the central axis of the sliding plate, and the sampling components are 3-10 groups (5 groups of sampling components are adopted in the embodiment, and the number of the sampling components is set according to the actual sampling condition); the sampling assembly comprises a screw rod 51, a sampling sleeve 52, a drill bit 53, an extension rod 54 and a sliding sleeve 55, wherein the screw rod 51 is rotationally connected with the bottom surface of the sliding plate 40, the bottom end of the screw rod 51 penetrates through the base 10, the screw rod 51 is in threaded connection with the base 10, the screw rod 51 is hollow in the interior, the sampling sleeve 52 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower side of the base 10 (as shown in figure 1, an annular positioning block is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the lower side of the base 10 of the screw rod 51 at first and used for forming a hard limit on the upward movement of the screw rod 51 and simultaneously facilitating the downward movement of the screw rod 51 against the sampling sleeve 52, and the outer wall of the lower side of the annular positioning block is detachably connected with the sampling sleeve 52, for example, the disassembly is realized through a set screw; the external diameter of the annular locating block is greater than the internal diameter of the sampling sleeve 52, the bottom surface of the annular locating block is convenient to prop against the end surface of the sampling sleeve 52), and the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling sleeve 52 is connected with a drill bit 53 in a sliding manner (for example, the sampling sleeve 52 is positioned on the inner wall of the lower side of the bottom surface of the screw rod 51 and a plurality of sliding ribs are uniformly arranged around the central axis of the sampling sleeve 52, the outer wall of the drill bit 53 is provided with sliding grooves corresponding to the sliding ribs, the sliding ribs are clamped in the corresponding sliding grooves and are in sliding connection, so that the drill bit 53 and the sampling sleeve 52 can slide and the drill bit 53 can be guaranteed to rotate together with the sampling sleeve 52), and a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling sleeve 52 and the drill bit 53, so that the drill bit 53 can completely seal the opening of the sampling sleeve 52 in the soil drilling process. As shown in fig. 1: the outer wall of the sampling sleeve 52 is fixedly provided with the spiral guide vane 520, so that deep soil is discharged to the ground in the soil drilling process, and the subsequent soil collection is facilitated. The top surface of the sliding plate 40 is provided with a sliding sleeve 55 corresponding to the screw rod 51, the inside of the sliding sleeve 55 is connected with an extension rod 54 in a sliding manner, and one end of the extension rod 54, which is far away from the sliding sleeve 55, sequentially penetrates through the hollow parts of the sliding plate 40 and the screw rod 51 and is rotationally connected with the top surface of the drill bit 53 through a ball bearing. The sliding between the extension rod 54 and the sliding sleeve 55 is controlled by a second hydraulic device 41 arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate 40, and the second hydraulic device 41 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate 40 through supporting rods 42 (as shown in fig. 1, the supporting rods 42 are diagonal rods, and the number of the supporting rods 42 is determined according to actual conditions, and is generally three).

As shown in fig. 1: the central axes of the screw 51, the sampling sleeve 52, the drill bit 53, the extension rod 54 and the sliding sleeve 55 are collinear; a certain distance exists between the top surface of the drill bit 53 and the bottom surface of the screw 51, so that the drill bit 53 can move upwards conveniently.

Working principle:

when the soil collecting device is used, firstly, the collecting device is moved to an area where soil needs to be collected through a travelling mechanism (the soil collecting device can be realized by pushing the base 10 or by arranging a motor for controlling the rotating shaft 13 on the n-shaped mounting seat 12), and the fixing and positioning of the whole collecting device are completed; then, the first hydraulic device 32 is started, the sliding plate 40 is pushed to move downwards through the telescopic rod assembly 31, the sliding plate 40 drives the multiple groups of sampling assemblies to move downwards together until the bottom end of the drill bit 53 contacts with the soil surface, and the position of the probability sliding plate 40 is used as a sampling datum line; then, the first hydraulic device 32 is continuously started to control the sliding plate 40 to move downwards, the drill bits 53 and the sampling sleeves 52 of the multiple groups of sampling assemblies penetrate into the soil, in the downward moving process of the sampling assemblies, the screw rods 51 rotate to drive the sampling sleeves 52 and the drill bits 53 to rotate, deep drilling is conveniently realized through shearing force, and meanwhile, soil particles in the soil layer are conveyed to the inside in the rotating process of the spiral guide vanes 520 on the outer wall of the sampling sleeves 52, so that the resistance in the downward moving process is reduced; when the first hydraulic device 32 is moved to a specified depth (relative to the depth of the sampling datum line), the first hydraulic device 32 is suspended, each second hydraulic device 41 is respectively started, the drill bit 53 is pulled by the extension rod 54 to move upwards in the sampling sleeve 52, the bottom opening of the sampling sleeve 52 is opened, each second hydraulic device 41 is stopped, the first hydraulic device 32 is started, soil is pressed into the sampling sleeve 52, and soil sample collection is achieved. Finally, the first hydraulic device 32 is started, the plurality of groups of sampling assemblies are driven to move upwards through the sliding plate 40 until the drill bit 53 is positioned on the upper side of the soil surface layer, and then the sampling sleeve 52 is detached from the screw 51 from top to bottom, so that sampling is completed.

Example 2:

as a further optimization of the inventive scheme, on the basis of the scheme of example 1, as shown in fig. 2: the outer ring of the end face of the screw rod 51 and positioned at the hollow part is provided with an annular chute 510, the bottom surface of the sliding plate 40 is uniformly provided with a suspender 41 corresponding to the annular chute 510, the suspender 41 is uniformly arranged around the central axis of the screw rod 51, one end of the suspender 41 far away from the sliding plate 40 is clamped in the annular chute 510, and the end part of the suspender 41 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the annular chute 510. Firstly, the screw rod 51 is fixed on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 40 and the screw rod 51 rotates relative to the sliding plate 40, and secondly, larger radial deflection and mechanism clamping stagnation are prevented in the rotation process of the screw rod 51.

Example 3:

as a further optimization of the scheme of the utility model, on the basis of the scheme of the embodiment 1, a pushing handle for pushing the whole collecting device to move is further arranged on the base 10; meanwhile, a locating inserted rod for fixing the whole device is arranged on the running mechanism (specifically, the T-shaped locating seat 11) through a pull rope, and the locating inserted rod can be inserted into a paddy field to form a hard limit for moving the whole collecting device.

Example 4:

as a further optimization of the solution of the present utility model, in order to facilitate observation of the depth of the collected soil on the basis of the solution of embodiment 1, graduation marks are provided on the support plate 20 corresponding to the vertical sliding grooves 21.

Claims (7)

1. A soil sample collection device, characterized in that: the device comprises a base, support plates, top plates, sliding plates and sampling assemblies, wherein the support plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the base and are arranged in parallel, the top of each support plate is provided with the top plate, the sliding plates are arranged between the two support plates in a sliding manner, and the sampling assemblies are uniformly arranged on the sliding plates around the central axis of the sliding plates; the sampling assembly comprises a screw rod, a sampling sleeve, a drill bit, an extension rod and a sliding sleeve, wherein the screw rod is rotationally connected with the bottom surface of the sliding plate, the bottom end of the screw rod penetrates through the base, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the base, the screw rod is hollow inside the screw rod, the outer wall of the lower side of the screw rod is provided with the sampling sleeve, the inner wall of the bottom end of the sampling sleeve is in sliding connection with the drill bit, the top surface of the sliding plate is correspondingly provided with the sliding sleeve, the extension rod is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and one end of the extension rod, far away from the sliding sleeve, sequentially penetrates through the hollow part of the sliding plate and the screw rod and is rotationally connected with the top surface of the drill bit.

2. A soil sample collection device according to claim 1, wherein: the walking mechanism comprises a T-shaped positioning seat, an n-shaped mounting seat, a rotating shaft and walking wheels, wherein the T-shaped positioning seat is fixedly connected with the side walls of the two sides of the base respectively, the n-shaped mounting seat is arranged at the bottom end of the T-shaped positioning seat, the walking wheels are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft and are clamped in the n-shaped mounting seat, and the walking wheels can rotate around the central axis of the rotating shaft in the n-shaped mounting seat.

3. A soil sample collection device according to claim 2, wherein: the front end face and the rear end face of the n-shaped mounting seat are provided with mud guards corresponding to the travelling wheels.

4. A soil sample collection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the telescopic rod assembly is arranged on the top plate, and one end, far away from the top plate, of the telescopic rod assembly is fixedly connected with the top surface of the sliding plate; the telescopic rod assembly is controlled by a first hydraulic means arranged on the top plate.

5. A soil sample collection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the opposite side surfaces of the supporting plate are respectively provided with a vertical chute, two sides of the sliding plate are provided with sliding blocks corresponding to the vertical chutes, and the sliding blocks are clamped into the corresponding vertical chutes and are in sliding connection.

6. A soil sample collection device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the sampling sleeve is fixedly provided with a spiral guide vane.

7. A soil sample collection device according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding between the extension rod and the sliding sleeve is controlled by a second hydraulic device arranged on the end face of the sliding plate, and the second hydraulic device is fixedly arranged on the end face of the sliding plate through a supporting rod.