CN220040821U - Optical system with super surface lens - Google Patents

Abstract

The present utility model provides an optical system having a super surface lens, comprising: a laser; the receiving optical fiber is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser, and at least one part of the fiber core of the receiving optical fiber has refractive index fluctuation; the super-surface lenses are arranged in the light path between the laser and the receiving optical fiber, and after the laser is modulated by the super-surface lenses, annular light spots are formed on the receiving end face of the receiving optical fiber and are coaxially arranged with the receiving end face. The utility model solves the problems of complex optical path and low utilization rate of optical fiber bandwidth of the optical system in the prior art.

Description

Optical system with super surface lens

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of optical fiber communication systems, in particular to an optical system with a super-surface lens.

Background

In the fiber optic communication related module, the high rate of a single channel and the high integration of multiple channels are a trend. The higher and higher speed of optical signals transmitted in optical fibers also requires higher and higher bandwidths of optical fibers, but high bandwidth optical fibers require high manufacturing costs. The optical path between the laser and the optical fiber is also required to be able to reduce the size, the number of components and the assembly steps. At present, the modulation rate of a laser is higher and higher, the laser is more sensitive to reflection, reflected light can disturb the resonant frequency of the laser, the quality of an optical signal is affected, and complex structural members are often required to be arranged in an optical path for adjustment. In addition, in the whole operation life process of the laser, an aging process exists, the output light power can be slowly reduced, and the output light intensity of the laser is monitored so as to identify and replace the laser aged to a certain threshold value, thereby being beneficial to avoiding the optical network fault caused by the sudden failure of the laser.

Therefore, how to simplify the optical path and fully utilize the limited optical fiber bandwidth to realize the transmission at a longer distance is a problem that the optical path system needs to solve in the field of high-speed optical fiber communication at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide an optical system with a super-surface lens, so as to solve the problems of complex optical path and low utilization rate of optical fiber bandwidth of the optical system in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides an optical system having a super surface lens, comprising: a laser; the receiving optical fiber is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser, and at least one part of the fiber core of the receiving optical fiber has refractive index fluctuation; the super-surface lenses are arranged in the light path between the laser and the receiving optical fiber, and after the laser is modulated by the super-surface lenses, annular light spots are formed on the receiving end face of the receiving optical fiber and are coaxially arranged with the receiving end face.

Further, the inner diameter of the annular light spot is greater than 20% of the core diameter of the receiving fiber; and/or the annular spot has an outer diameter less than 70% of the core diameter of the receiving fiber.

Further, all the super-surface lenses at least comprise one focusing lens, and the laser is directly incident on the receiving end face after being emitted by the focusing lens, and the distance between the receiving end face and the focusing lens is larger than the focal length of the focusing lens.

Further, the laser forms reflected light after being reflected on the receiving end face, the reflected light forms a circular light spot on a plane where the light emergent aperture of the laser is located, and the inner diameter of the circular light spot is larger than 10 microns.

Further, the super-surface lens comprises a substrate layer and a modulation layer, wherein the modulation layer comprises a plurality of nano-pillars, and the nano-pillars are fixed on one side surface of the substrate layer.

Further, the arrangement period of the nano-pillars is half of the working wavelength of the laser.

Further, the nano column is a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is more than or equal to 100nm and less than or equal to 600nm.

Further, at least one beam splitting lens is included in all the super-surface lenses, the laser is directly incident on the beam splitting lens by the laser, and the beam splitting lens is used for splitting the laser into different propagation paths.

Further, the beam-splitting lens includes a transmission portion through which at least a part of the laser light reaches the receiving end face, and a reflection portion by which at least another part of the laser light is reflected.

Further, the light intensity of the laser light emitted from the laser incident on the reflecting portion is 10% of the total light intensity.

Further, the optical system having the super surface lens further has a photodetector, and the laser light reflected by the reflection portion is incident on the photodetector.

Further, the optical system with the super-surface lens further comprises a substrate, the photoelectric detector and the laser are arranged on the same surface of the substrate, and the beam-splitting lens is arranged on the surface of one side of the substrate away from the laser.

Further, the receiving end face of the receiving optical fiber and the extending direction of the receiving optical fiber are arranged at an included angle, and the receiving optical fiber and the super-surface lens are arranged on the same side of the substrate.

Further, the optical system with the super-surface lens further comprises a substrate, the photoelectric detector and the laser are arranged on the same surface of the substrate, and the beam splitting lens and the laser are positioned on the same side of the substrate.

Further, the optical system with the super-surface lens further includes a refractive element, and the spectroscopic lens is disposed on the refractive element.

The light splitting lens is arranged on two surfaces adjacent to the light splitting lens and the focusing lens.

Further, a substrate is arranged on one side surface of the super-surface lens, the substrate and the super-surface lens form an optical flat plate, and the optical flat plate is arranged on a substrate of an optical system with the super-surface lens; and/or an optical plate is disposed on the refractive element of the optical system having the super surface lens.

Further, the thickness of the substrate is greater than 0.15mm and less than 1mm.

Further, the material of the substrate comprises one of glass, silicon, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride and indium phosphide.

Further, the substrate comprises one of a PCB board, a ceramic board and a glass board.

Further, the optical flat and the refraction element are connected by one or more modes of glue bonding, welding and bonding.

Further, the receiving fiber is a multimode fiber.

By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, the optical system with the super-surface lenses comprises a laser, a receiving optical fiber and a plurality of super-surface lenses, wherein refractive index fluctuation exists in at least one part of the fiber core of the receiving optical fiber, and the receiving optical fiber is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser; the super-surface lens is arranged in the light path between the laser and the receiving optical fiber, and the laser is modulated by the super-surface lens to form an annular light spot on the receiving end face of the receiving optical fiber, and the annular light spot and the receiving end face are coaxially arranged.

Through setting up a plurality of super surface lenses between laser instrument and receiving optic fibre, can utilize super surface lens to modulate out annular facula with laser, when annular facula focuses on receiving terminal surface of receiving optic fibre, with receiving optic fibre coaxial arrangement, just avoided receiving optic fibre refractive index fluctuation's fiber core central region the biggest, improved the effective utilization to the optic fibre bandwidth. In addition, the super-surface lens can realize modulation of light modes, phases, polarization and energy intensity on the wavelength scale of light, and vortex and focusing modulation of light spots emitted by a laser can be realized simultaneously based on the multi-parameter composite modulation function of the super-surface lens, so that the light path structure of an optical system is greatly simplified, and the difficulty in constructing a light path is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an optical system with a super surface lens according to an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optical system with a super surface lens according to another alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of an optical system with a super surface lens according to yet another alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic distribution of annular spots on a receiving end face of a receiving fiber in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the optical path between a focusing lens and a receiving fiber in an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the annular spot and the exit aperture of the laser according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of the spot of reflected light before it is reflected back to the laser in an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of an annular spot of an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of an optical path through a beam splitting lens according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a beam splitting lens according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic distribution of transmissive pillars of a beam-splitting lens according to an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a transmission part of the spectroscopic lens in fig. 11;

FIG. 13 shows a schematic distribution of reflective posts of a beam-splitting lens according to an alternative embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reflecting portion of the spectroscopic lens in fig. 13;

fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the phase distribution when m=1 according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the phase distribution when m=2 according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of the phase distribution when m=5 according to an alternative embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 18 shows a schematic view of the size of the annular spot in fig. 15 to 17;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of an optical system with a super surface lens according to the first embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an optical system with a super-surface lens according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an optical system with a super surface lens according to a third embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an optical system with a super surface lens according to a fourth embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 23 shows a schematic diameter range of a transmissive column of an optical system with a super surface lens according to a fifth embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a laser; 20. receiving an optical fiber; 21. an annular light spot; 22. a receiving end face; 30. a super surface lens; 31. a base layer; 32. a modulation layer; 321. a nano column; 322. a transmissive column; 323. a reflective column; 40. a focusing lens; 50. a beam-splitting lens; 51. a transmission section; 52. a reflection section; 60. a photodetector; 70. a substrate; 71. a driver; 72. a detector; 73. an amplifier; 74. welding spots; 80. a refractive element; 81. a light folding surface; 82. a refractive groove.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

It is noted that all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs unless otherwise indicated.

In the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" are used generally with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or with respect to the component itself in the vertical, upright or gravitational direction; also, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the profile of each component itself, but the above-mentioned orientation terms are not intended to limit the present utility model.

In order to solve the problems of complex optical path and low optical fiber bandwidth utilization rate of an optical system in the prior art, the utility model provides an optical system with a super-surface lens.

As shown in fig. 1 to 23, the optical system having the super surface lenses includes a laser 10, a receiving optical fiber 20 having refractive index fluctuations at least in a part of the core thereof, and a plurality of super surface lenses 30, the receiving optical fiber 20 for receiving laser light emitted from the laser 10; the super surface lens 30 is disposed in the optical path between the laser 10 and the receiving optical fiber 20, and the laser beam is modulated by the super surface lens 30 to form an annular light spot 21 on the receiving end surface 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20, where the annular light spot 21 is disposed coaxially with the receiving end surface 22.

By providing a plurality of super surface lenses 30 between the laser 10 and the receiving optical fiber 20, the super surface lenses 30 can be used to modulate the laser light into an annular light spot 21, and as shown in fig. 4, when the annular light spot 21 is focused on the receiving end face 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20, the annular light spot is coaxially arranged with the receiving optical fiber 20, so that the central area of the fiber core with the largest fluctuation of the refractive index of the receiving optical fiber 20 is avoided, and the effective utilization of the optical fiber bandwidth is improved. In addition, as the super-surface lens 30 can realize the modulation of the mode, the phase, the polarization and the energy intensity of the light on the wavelength scale of the light, the vortex and the focusing modulation of the light spot emitted by the laser 10 can be realized simultaneously based on the multi-parameter composite modulation function of the super-surface lens 30, meanwhile, the light path structure of an optical system is greatly simplified, and the difficulty of constructing a light path is reduced.

It should be noted that, during the drawing process of the receiving optical fiber 20, the refractive index difference of the receiving optical fiber 20 caused by the internal stress is axisymmetrically distributed about the central axis of the receiving optical fiber 20, and the light intensity emitted by the laser 10 is distributed in a ring shape on the receiving end face 22, which is just the distribution form with the minimum refractive index difference, so that the inter-mode dispersion is further reduced, and the actual bandwidth of the optical fiber is improved.

The vortex refers to a step phase distributed in a spiral shape, and the vortex phase structure increases the orbital angular momentum of the light beam, effectively pushes energy from the center to the circumference, and can realize modulation of the annular light spot 21 in combination with the focusing function.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the optical system of the present utility model, the super surface lens 30 may be disposed near the laser 10 and near the receiving optical fiber 20, or may be combined with a conventional curved lens, and some isolators, mirrors, polarizers, etc. that may exist in the optical path do not affect the implementation of the optical path function.

Specifically, the inner diameter of the annular spot 21 is greater than 20% of the core diameter of the receiving fiber 20; it is also possible that the outer diameter of the annular spot 21 is less than 70% of the core diameter of the receiving fiber 20. While avoiding the central region of the core of the receiving fiber 20, stable transmission of laser light is ensured.

As shown in fig. 5, all the super-surface lenses 30 include at least one focusing lens 40, and the laser beam is directly incident on the receiving end surface 22 after exiting from the focusing lens 40, and the distance between the receiving end surface 22 and the focusing lens 40 is greater than the focal length of the focusing lens 40. That is, the laser light is emitted through the focusing lens 40, and then is incident on the receiving end face 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20 so as to converge and diverge.

As shown in fig. 6, the laser light is reflected on the receiving end surface 22 to form a reflected light, and the reflected light forms a circular spot on a plane where the light exit aperture H1 of the laser 10 is located, where the inner diameter H2 of the circular spot is greater than 10 microns. After exiting through the focusing lens 40, the laser beam is first converged and then divergently incident on the receiving end face 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20, so that the reflected light beam diverges around. Taking the example of light passing through the edge of the focusing lens 40, the reflected light diverges around and out of the aperture of the focusing lens 40, thus reducing the intensity of the light returned from the original path. In combination with the phase modulation function of the super-surface lens 30, the shape of the light spot can be optimized by modulation of the optical path system for the light spot that can be returned to the position plane of the exit aperture of the laser 10 through each clear aperture. Because the vortex beam has a cylindrical symmetric propagation characteristic, the center of the vortex beam is a dark core, i.e. the central light field intensity remains zero during propagation. The laser beam forming the annular light spot 21 forms an annular light spot on the plane of the light emergent aperture of the laser 10, and the inner diameter of the annular light spot is larger than 10 microns, which is larger than the light emergent aperture of the laser used in the current optical communication industry, so that the reflected light intensity does not enter the laser 10, the interference of the reflected light to the laser 10 is reduced or even avoided, and the output stability of the laser 10 is ensured.

As shown in fig. 7, reflects the situation before the multimode superposition is reflected to the laser 10; as shown in fig. 8, which shows the image of the reflected light returning to the laser 10, the reflected light contains various modes, and the reflected light returning to the laser 10 also becomes annular because the vortex beam has a cylindrical symmetric propagation characteristic, and the center is a dark core, i.e., the central light field intensity remains zero during propagation.

Specifically, the super surface lens 30 includes a base layer 31 and a modulation layer 32, the modulation layer 32 includes a plurality of nano-pillars 321, and the nano-pillars 321 are fixed on one side surface of the base layer 31. The nano-pillars 321 are etched or stamped on the substrate layer 31 of micron-scale thickness by a semiconductor process based on the diffraction principle of light, so that modulation of the mode, phase, polarization, and energy intensity of light can be realized on the wavelength scale of light.

Alternatively, the period of arrangement of the nano-pillars 321 satisfies half the operating wavelength of the laser 10.

Optionally, the nano-pillar 321 is a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 100nm and less than or equal to 600nm.

As shown in fig. 9, all the super-surface lenses 30 include at least one beam-splitting lens 50, and the laser light is directly incident on the beam-splitting lens 50 from the laser 10, and the beam-splitting lens 50 is used for splitting the laser light into different propagation paths. Since the super-surface lens 30 is formed by combining and arranging a plurality of nano-pillars 321 with nano-size on a microscopic scale, the manufacture of the nano-pillars 321 is independent and not affected by each other, so that independent modulation of each local light in the light field can be realized, or modulation of the propagation direction and the spot shape layout of the light field can be realized on a macroscopic scale, so that the beam-splitting lens 50 can split laser light into different propagation paths.

As shown in fig. 10, the spectroscopic lens 50 includes a transmissive portion 51 and a reflective portion 52, and at least a part of the laser light passes through the transmissive portion 51 to reach the receiving end face 22, and at least another part of the laser light is reflected by the reflective portion 52. Thanks to the fact that the super-surface lens 30 is manufactured based on a semiconductor process, the nano-pillars 321 on the microscopic scale are mutually independent, so that different areas can be divided on the super-surface lens 30, and light field modulation with different functions can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the nano-pillars 321 located in the transmissive portion 51 are transmissive pillars 322, and the transmissive pillars 322 are arranged in phaseThe method meets the following conditions:

wherein lambda is ₀ Designed wavelength in free space; f (f) ₀ A focal length of the transmissive section 51; m is the topological charge number.

It should be noted that, different topological charges can implement annular light spots 21 with different sizes, so as to facilitate adjusting the mode of the annular light spots 21 transmitted in the receiving optical fiber 20, so as to improve the bandwidth utilization rate of the receiving optical fiber 20.

As shown in fig. 15 to 17, the phase distributions at different m are respectively represented, wherein the left image represents the vortex phase, the middle represents the focus phase, and the right represents the vortex focus phase, i.e., the superposition of the phases of the left and middle images.

Fig. 18 corresponds to the annular spots 21 in fig. 15 to 17, respectively, i.e. different m enable different sizes of annular spots 21.

If the laser light emitted from the laser 10 has no polarization response, the transmissive pillar 322 takes the form of a nano-cylinder. Transmissive column 322 may employ a nano-cylinder or nano-square column if the polarization response of the laser light emitted by laser 10 is present.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the nano-pillars 321 located in the reflective portion 52 are reflective pillars 323, and the reflective pillars 323 are arranged in phaseThe method meets the following conditions:

wherein lambda is ₀ Designed wavelength in free space; f (f) ₀ Is the focal length of the transmissive portion 51.

If the laser light emitted from the laser 10 has no polarization response, the reflective column 323 takes the form of a metal cylinder. The reflective posts 323 may be metal cylinders or square columns if there is a polarization response of the laser light emitted by the laser 10.

The dimensions of the nano-pillars 321 in the same phase are the same.

Alternatively, the laser light emitted from the laser 10 is incident on the reflecting portion 52 with a light intensity of 10% of the total light intensity.

Specifically, the optical system having the super-surface lens further has a photodetector 60, and the laser light reflected by the reflecting portion 52 is incident on the photodetector 60. The area with a specific size can be separated according to the size of the light spot, and the area does not participate in the light field modulation in the propagation direction of the main light path, but is used as the monitor of the output light intensity of the laser 10, and needs to be transmitted to the photodetector 60, that is, the main light path passes through the transmission part 51 of the beam splitter lens 50, and the light beam transmitted on the photodetector 60 passes through the reflection part 52 of the beam splitter lens 50.

It should be noted that, the light beam passing through the reflecting portion 52 will be reflected, and the reflecting direction forms a certain angle with the incident direction, and the angle is multiplied by the distance between the laser 10 and the super surface lens 30, that is, the distance between the reflected light spot and the laser 10, and this distance is determined by the mounting size between the laser 10 and the photodetector 60. The size of the reflected light spot can be further modulated according to the size of the light receiving photosensitive surface of the photodetector 60, mounting accuracy, and an optimal light receiving intensity range. Thus, the customized meeting of the light splitting requirement of the photodetector 60 is realized without adding light path elements and using complex structural members.

Specifically, the receiving fiber 20 is a multimode fiber. Because the refractive index of the multimode fiber is not completely consistent from the center to the edge of the fiber core due to the stress variation of fiber drawing and annealing, and the refractive index fluctuation at the center of the fiber core is generally the largest, when the optical signal is concentrated in the center of the fiber core for transmission, the effective utilization of the bandwidth of the fiber is affected due to the uneven refractive index, thereby affecting the transmission distance of the optical signal. One limitation of multimode optical fibers for high-speed long-range transmission is that bandwidth is limited by intermodal dispersion. Briefly, the definition of modal dispersion is as follows: when a pulse of light is launched into an optical fiber, the optical power in the pulse is distributed over all (or most) of the modes of the fiber. Each mode that can propagate in a multimode fiber propagates at a slightly different speed. This means that the modes in a given optical pulse arrive at the end of the fibre at slightly different times, resulting in a significant broadening of the pulse as it propagates along the fibre, ultimately resulting in overlapping of adjacent pulses. After a certain number of overlaps, the receiver is no longer able to distinguish between adjacent individual pulses, and errors occur in interpreting the received signal. The light intensity distribution emitted by the laser 10 is annular, and is the distribution form with the smallest refractive index difference, so that the intermodal dispersion is reduced, and the actual bandwidth of the optical fiber is improved.

In theory, the refractive index of the core of the multimode optical fiber is uniform, and thus loss of optical signal transmission due to refractive index unevenness is not theoretically involved. However, the refractive index of the fiber core of the multimode fiber is not completely uniform due to the stress in the fiber production process, and strong refractive index fluctuation exists in the center of the fiber core, so that the problem that the transmission of optical signals is affected by the inter-mode dispersion in the application process is caused. When the annular light spot is input to the multimode optical fiber, the refractive index fluctuation of the center of the fiber core is avoided, so that the intermode dispersion is reduced, and the transmission distance of optical signals is increased.

The optical system with a super-surface lens according to the present utility model may be used alone as a set of functional components or may be used in parallel as an array. The array can also be formed and then integrally used as an array, for example, 32 functional components can be used as an array by 8 arrays, and 4 arrays are arranged according to requirements to form 8*4 total 32 functional components.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 19, the optical system with a super surface lens further includes a substrate 70 and a refractive element 80.

Specifically, the photodetector 60 and the laser 10 are disposed on the same surface of the substrate 70, and the spectroscopic lens 50 and the laser 10 are located on the same side of the substrate 70. The spectroscopic lens 50 is disposed on the refractive element 80, and the spectroscopic lens 50 and the focusing lens 40 are disposed on both surfaces adjacent to the refractive element 80. The refractive element 80 can provide a setting position for the super surface lens 30 while providing a light path turning function, so that the use of elements in the light path is reduced, and the light path is simplified.

Specifically, the refractive element 80 has a refractive surface 81, and the refractive surface 81 is used for changing the transmission direction of the laser light. The refractive element 80 may be a plastic injection molded part commonly used in short-distance optical modules, or may be a glass element assembly formed by assembling a glass sheet, a prism, or the like.

In the present embodiment, the refractive element 80 has a refractive groove 82 inside, and a refractive surface 81 is provided on a groove side wall of the refractive groove 82.

Specifically, a substrate is provided on one side surface of the super surface lens 30, and the substrate and the super surface lens 30 form an optical flat plate provided on the refractive element 80. The optical flat is connected to the refractive element 80 by one or more of glue bonding, welding, and bonding.

In this embodiment, the light emitted from the laser 10 reaches the first super-surface lens 30, that is, the beam-splitting lens 50 after traveling a certain distance in the air, and a part of the light is reflected to the photodetector 60, and the rest of the light continues to travel, passes through the refractive element 80 to turn the optical path, passes through the second super-surface lens 30, that is, the focusing lens 40, and finally is incident on the receiving end face 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20. Based on this optical path, the light emitted from the laser 10 can be focused in a ring shape on the fiber end face. The annular spot 21 is located in a region between the core center and the core outer diameter. Meanwhile, the size of the annular light spot 21 can be adjusted in design according to the requirements of the coupling process.

Specifically, the thickness of the substrate is greater than 0.15mm and less than 1mm.

Specifically, the material of the substrate includes one of glass, silicon, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride, and indium phosphide.

Specifically, the substrate 70 includes one of a PCB board, a ceramic board, and a glass board.

Example two

As shown in fig. 20, the difference from the first embodiment is that the position of the spectroscopic lens 50 is different from that of the laser 10.

Specifically, the spectroscopic lens 50 is disposed on a side surface of the substrate 70 remote from the laser 10, that is, the spectroscopic lens 50 is disposed on the substrate 70, and an optical flat formed by the focusing lens 40 is disposed on the refractive element 80. The optical system thus arranged facilitates downsizing to accommodate miniaturized devices.

Specifically, the spectroscopic lens 50 may be etched directly on the substrate 70, or may be mounted on the substrate 70 in the form of an optical flat.

In this embodiment, the light emitted from the laser 10 is first transmitted through the substrate 70 to the beam splitter lens 50, part of the light beam is reflected to the photodetector 60, and the rest of the light beam continues to propagate into the refractive element 80.

Example III

As shown in fig. 21, the difference from the second embodiment is the structure of the receiving optical fiber 20.

Specifically, the receiving end face 22 of the receiving optical fiber 20 is disposed at an angle with respect to the extending direction of the receiving optical fiber 20, and the receiving optical fiber 20 and the super surface lens 30 are disposed on the same side of the substrate 70.

Since the refractive element 80 itself has a certain height, it cannot be used in some high-density wiring situations where space is limited, and therefore, in this embodiment, the receiving optical fiber 20 itself is cut, and the optical fiber cut inclined plane acts as a mirror. At this time, only one super-surface lens 30 is arranged in the optical path, the optical path is short and the structure is compact, but the realization of the functions of the super-surface lens 30 is not influenced, and the optical path setting is greatly simplified.

Example IV

As shown in fig. 22, with the increase of the optical fiber communication signal rate, the high-speed electrical signal link budget between the optical chip and the electrical chip and between the electrical chip and the PCB is becoming more and more tight, and the bandwidth limitation and impedance mismatch caused by the conventional gold wire bonding need to be avoided by using a new packaging method.

In the present embodiment, the laser 10, the photodetector 60, the driver 71 matched with the laser 10, the PD (detector 72) at the receiving end of the optical module, and the amplifier 73 corresponding to the PD are directly fixed on the substrate 70 by flip-chip bonding. The substrate 70 may be made of glass or silicon according to the wavelength transmission capability of the laser 10. The substrate 70 has pads 74 around it, and the pads 74 are connected to electrodes of a photoelectric chip such as the laser 10 by high-frequency wiring. At the same time, the solder joints 74 and the PCB are also combined together through flip-chip bonding, so that high-frequency electric connection between the photoelectric chip and the PCB is realized.

Example five

As shown in fig. 23, in the present embodiment, the operating wavelength of the laser 10 is 940nm, the height of the nano-pillars 321 is 650nm, and the interval between the nano-pillars 321 is 425nm. Wherein the diameter of transmissive pillars 322 is 100-320nm and the phase change is approximately linear between 0-2 pi.

Example six

In a specific embodiment, not shown, the use of a filter is increased, unlike the first embodiment.

Specifically, a filter is used on the refractive element 80, which directly passes light energy of other wavelengths while turning light of a specific wavelength, thereby forming a wavelength division multiplexing structure.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present utility model achieve the following technical effects:

1. by providing a plurality of super surface lenses 30 between the laser 10 and the receiving optical fiber 20, the laser can be modulated into the annular light spot 21 by the super surface lenses 30, avoiding the central region of the core where the refractive index fluctuation of the receiving optical fiber 20 is maximum, and improving the effective utilization of the optical fiber bandwidth.

2. Because the super-surface lens 30 can realize the modulation of the mode, the phase, the polarization and the energy intensity of light on the wavelength scale of the light, the vortex and the focusing modulation of the light spot emitted by the laser 10 can be realized simultaneously based on the multi-parameter composite modulation function of the super-surface lens 30, meanwhile, the light path structure of an optical system is greatly simplified, and the difficulty of constructing a light path is reduced.

3. The receiving optical fiber 20 is arranged outside the focal point of the focusing lens 40, so that the reflected light forms a circular light spot on the plane where the light emergent aperture of the laser 10 is located, the reflected light intensity does not enter the laser 10, the interference of the reflected light to the laser 10 is reduced or even avoided, and the output stability of the laser 10 is ensured.

4. By providing the spectroscopic lens 50, the laser light is separated into different propagation paths, and thus light field modulation with different functions can be realized on one super-surface lens 30.

It will be apparent that the embodiments described above are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present utility model and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (20)

1. An optical system having a super surface lens, comprising:

a laser (10);

-a receiving optical fiber (20) having a refractive index fluctuation at least in a portion of its core, the receiving optical fiber (20) being adapted to receive laser light emitted by the laser (10);

the laser comprises a plurality of super-surface lenses (30), wherein the super-surface lenses (30) are arranged in an optical path between the laser (10) and the receiving optical fiber (20), the laser is modulated by the super-surface lenses (30) to form annular light spots (21) on the receiving end face (22) of the receiving optical fiber (20), and the annular light spots (21) and the receiving end face (22) are coaxially arranged.

2. An optical system having a super surface lens as claimed in claim 1,

the inner diameter of the annular light spot (21) is larger than 20% of the core diameter of the receiving optical fiber (20); and/or

The outer diameter of the annular spot (21) is less than 70% of the core diameter of the receiving fiber (20).

3. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 1, wherein all the super surface lenses (30) comprise at least one focusing lens (40), the laser light is directly incident on the receiving end face (22) after exiting from the focusing lens (40), and the distance between the receiving end face (22) and the focusing lens (40) is larger than the focal length of the focusing lens (40).

4. An optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 3, characterized in that the laser light after reflection on the receiving end face (22) forms a reflected light ray which forms a circular ring spot on the plane of the exit aperture of the laser (10), the circular ring spot having an inner diameter of more than 10 μm.

5. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 1, wherein the super surface lens (30) comprises a base layer (31) and a modulation layer (32), the modulation layer (32) comprises a plurality of nano-pillars (321), the nano-pillars (321) being fixed on a side surface of the base layer (31).

6. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 5, characterized in that the nano-pillars (321) are arranged with a period of half the operating wavelength of the laser (10).

7. The optical system with the super surface lens according to claim 5, wherein the nano-pillar (321) is a cylinder with a diameter of 100nm or more and 600nm or less.

8. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 5, characterized in that all the super surface lenses (30) comprise at least one beam splitting lens (50), said laser light being directly incident on said beam splitting lens (50) by said laser (10), said beam splitting lens (50) being adapted to split said laser light into different propagation paths.

9. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 8, wherein the spectroscopic lens (50) includes a transmissive portion (51) and a reflective portion (52), at least a part of the laser light passes through the transmissive portion (51) to the receiving end face (22), and at least another part of the laser light is reflected by the reflective portion (52).

10. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 9, wherein the light intensity of the laser light emitted from the laser (10) incident on the reflecting portion (52) is 10% of the total light intensity.

11. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 9, further comprising a photodetector (60), wherein the laser light reflected by the reflecting portion (52) is incident on the photodetector (60).

12. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 11, further comprising a substrate (70), wherein the photodetector (60) and the laser (10) are disposed on the same surface of the substrate (70), and wherein the spectroscopic lens (50) is disposed on a surface of the substrate (70) on a side away from the laser (10).

13. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 12, characterized in that the receiving end face (22) of the receiving optical fiber (20) is arranged at an angle to the extending direction of the receiving optical fiber (20), the receiving optical fiber (20) and the super surface lens (30) being arranged on the same side of the substrate (70).

14. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 11, further comprising a substrate (70), wherein the photodetector (60) and the laser (10) are arranged on the same surface of the substrate (70), and wherein the spectroscopic lens (50) and the laser (10) are located on the same side of the substrate (70).

15. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 14, further comprising a refractive element (80), the spectroscopic lens (50) being disposed on the refractive element (80).

16. The optical system with a super surface lens according to claim 15, wherein the refractive element (80) has a refractive surface (81), the refractive surface (81) is used for changing the transmission direction of the laser light, all the super surface lenses (30) include at least one focusing lens (40), the laser light is directly incident on the receiving end face (22) after exiting from the focusing lens (40), the distance between the receiving end face (22) and the focusing lens (40) is larger than the focal length of the focusing lens (40), and the beam splitting lens (50) and the focusing lens (40) are disposed on two surfaces adjacent to the refractive element (80).

17. The optical system with a super surface lens according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein a side surface of the super surface lens (30) is provided with a base material, the base material and the super surface lens (30) form an optical flat plate,

the optical plate is arranged on a substrate (70) of the optical system with the super surface lens; and/or

The optical plate is disposed on a refractive element (80) of the optical system having a super surface lens.

18. The optical system with a super surface lens as claimed in claim 17, wherein the thickness of said substrate is greater than 0.15mm and less than 1mm.

19. The optical system with a super surface lens as claimed in claim 17, wherein,

the material of the substrate comprises one of glass, silicon, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride and indium phosphide; and/or

The substrate (70) comprises one of a PCB board, a ceramic board, and a glass board.

20. Optical system with a super surface lens according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the receiving fiber (20) is a multimode fiber.