CN220040594U - Zero-crossing detection circuit and power line carrier system - Google Patents
Zero-crossing detection circuit and power line carrier system Download PDFInfo
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- CN220040594U CN220040594U CN202321045315.9U CN202321045315U CN220040594U CN 220040594 U CN220040594 U CN 220040594U CN 202321045315 U CN202321045315 U CN 202321045315U CN 220040594 U CN220040594 U CN 220040594U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a zero-crossing detection circuit and a power line carrier system, and relates to the technical field of power line carrier communication, wherein the zero-crossing detection circuit is applied to the power line carrier system and comprises an isolation unit, a partial pressure bias unit, a shaping unit and a detection unit; the input end of the isolation unit is connected with the power supply unit and used as a signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and used for receiving an input signal; the output end of the isolation unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit and the input end of the voltage dividing bias unit; the output end of the voltage division bias unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit; the output end of the shaping unit is connected with the input end of the detection unit; the output end of the detection unit is used as a signal output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and is used for outputting a zero-crossing detection signal; the utility model replaces an optocoupler device by capacitive coupling, and the constructed zero-crossing detection circuit can obviously reduce the power consumption of the zero-crossing detection circuit under the condition of meeting the requirement of electric isolation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power line carrier communication, in particular to a zero-crossing detection circuit and a power line carrier system.
Background
The power line voltage zero crossing detection is a necessary function of power line carrier communication. Since the noise on the grid voltage is relatively small at the voltage zero crossing point, many carrier communication schemes will choose to start data communication at this point in time of the voltage zero crossing point.
Zero crossing detection is the detection made by the system when the waveform passes zero when transitioning from a positive half cycle to a negative half cycle in an ac system. In power line carrier communication applications, it is often required that the circuit is to meet electrical isolation requirements.
In the prior art, an optocoupler is generally adopted to realize electrical isolation, meanwhile, the optocoupler needs enough forward current to realize isolated transmission of signals, the conventional forward current generally needs to meet more than 1mA, but on the basis, the strong current side of the voltage zero-crossing detection circuit has higher power consumption.
In the conventional technology, the power consumption of the zero-crossing detection circuit is mainly influenced by the forward current limit value of the optocoupler, so that a lower-power-consumption electric isolation method, such as capacitive coupling, can be used to replace the optocoupler, but on the basis of meeting the electric isolation, the capacitive coupler is further limited, such as the requirement that the capacitance is small enough and the isolation requirement for enhancing the insulation is met, but under the limitation, the available capacitor can hardly be found.
Therefore, in the prior art, an alternative scheme which can not only meet the electrical isolation but also obviously reduce the power consumption of the voltage zero-crossing detection circuit is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a zero-crossing detection circuit and a power line carrier system, which can obviously reduce the power consumption of the voltage zero-crossing detection circuit on the basis of meeting the electrical isolation.
In one aspect, the present utility model provides a technical solution:
the zero-crossing detection circuit is applied to a power line carrier system, wherein the power line carrier system comprises a power supply unit and comprises an isolation unit, a partial pressure bias unit, a shaping unit and a detection unit;
the input end of the isolation unit is connected with the power supply unit and used as the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and used for receiving an input signal;
the output end of the isolation unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit and the output end of the voltage division bias unit;
the input end of the voltage dividing bias unit is connected with the power supply unit;
the output end of the voltage division bias unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit;
the output end of the shaping unit is connected with the input end of the detection unit;
the output end of the detection unit is used as a signal output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and is used for outputting a zero-crossing detection signal.
Preferably, the isolation unit comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the first capacitor and the second capacitor are respectively connected in series with the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit; the output end of the first capacitor is used as a first output end of the isolation unit; and the output end of the second capacitor is used as a second output end of the isolation unit.
Preferably, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are both plate capacitors.
Preferably, the shaping unit comprises a comparator and a fifth resistor;
one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the comparator; the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second input end of the comparator;
the first input end and the second input end of the comparator are used as input ends of the shaping unit and are connected with the output end of the voltage dividing bias unit.
Preferably, the comparator comprises a push-pull output comparator.
Preferably, the voltage dividing bias unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor;
one end of the third resistor is respectively connected with the output end of the isolation unit and the first input end of the shaping unit; the other end of the third resistor is respectively connected with one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the first resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second input end of the shaping unit; the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a power supply unit.
Preferably, the third resistor and the fourth resistor have the same resistance value.
Preferably, the first resistor and the second resistor have the same resistance value.
Preferably, the voltage dividing bias unit further includes a third capacitor; the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the second resistor.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a technical scheme that:
a power line carrier system comprising the zero crossing detection circuit of any one of the first aspects.
The zero-crossing detection circuit and the power line carrier system provided by the utility model have the beneficial effects that:
the zero-crossing detection circuit is applied to a power line carrier system and comprises an isolation unit, a partial pressure bias unit, a shaping unit and a detection unit; the input end of the isolation unit is connected with the power supply unit and used as a signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and used for receiving an input signal; the output end of the isolation unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit and the input end of the voltage dividing bias unit; the output end of the voltage division bias unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit; the output end of the shaping unit is connected with the input end of the detection unit; the output end of the detection unit is used as a signal output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and is used for outputting a zero-crossing detection signal;
the utility model replaces an optocoupler device by capacitive coupling, and the constructed zero-crossing detection circuit can obviously reduce the power consumption of the zero-crossing detection circuit under the condition of meeting the requirement of electric isolation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional zero-crossing detection circuit;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a zero-crossing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an isolation unit in the zero-crossing detection circuit according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaping unit in the zero-crossing detection circuit according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage division bias unit in the zero crossing detection circuit according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a zero crossing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of simulation results of a zero-crossing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is a comparative simulation circuit diagram of a zero crossing detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a comparison simulation result of a zero-crossing detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
icon: 100-a zero-crossing detection circuit; 11-isolation units; 12-a partial pressure bias unit; 13-shaping units; 14-a detection unit.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, or those conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The traditional zero-crossing detection circuit can select the optocoupler U1 to realize electrical isolation, the circuit diagram is shown in fig. 1, the optocoupler U1 needs enough forward current to realize signal isolation transmission, the resistor R1 is used as a current-limiting resistor to provide enough forward current for the optocoupler U1, and the forward current of the traditional optocoupler generally needs more than 1mA to ensure stable operation, so that the high-power side of the traditional zero-crossing detection circuit has larger power consumption.
In one aspect, referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a zero crossing detection circuit 100, which is applied to a power line carrier system, wherein the power line carrier system includes a power supply unit, and includes an isolation unit 11, a voltage division bias unit 12, a shaping unit 13, and a detection unit 14;
wherein, the input end of the isolation unit 11 is connected with the power supply unit, and is used as the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit 100 for receiving an input signal;
the output end of the isolation unit 11 is connected with the input end of the shaping unit 13 and the input end of the voltage dividing bias unit 12;
the output end of the voltage division bias unit 12 is connected with the input end of the shaping unit 13;
the output end of the shaping unit 13 is connected with the input end of the detecting unit 14;
an output terminal of the detection unit 14 serves as a signal output terminal of the zero-crossing detection circuit 100 for outputting a zero-crossing detection signal.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the isolation unit 11 includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the first capacitor and the second capacitor are respectively connected in series to the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit 100; the output end of the first capacitor is used as a first output end of the isolation unit 11; the output of the second capacitor is used as the second output of the isolation unit 11.
In one embodiment, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are each plate capacitors.
The power consumption of the traditional voltage zero-crossing detection circuit is mainly the forward current limit value of the light receiving coupler, and the lower power consumption electrical isolation mode is selected to replace an optical coupler device in the embodiment, so that the capacitor device needs to meet the following requirements on the basis of meeting electrical isolation:
1. the capacitance is small enough, pF level;
2. the isolation requirement of the reinforced insulation is met.
The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are plate capacitors, and are PCB plate capacitors, namely: the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are plate capacitors, and the plate capacitors are integrated on the PCB.
And because the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are pF stages, the lower the working frequency is, the larger the impedance is, and the larger the impedance is, the smaller the current passing through the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is, namely the smaller voltage is provided for the subsequent voltage division bias unit.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the shaping unit 13 includes a comparator, a fifth resistor;
one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the output end of the comparator; the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the first input end of the comparator;
the first input end and the second input end of the comparator are used as input ends of the shaping unit 13 and are connected with the output end of the voltage division bias unit 12.
The fifth resistor R5 is configured to provide a positive feedback function for the comparator and provide an additional hysteresis function for the input side of the comparator, and when the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is smaller, the hysteresis voltage provided by the fifth resistor R5 is larger, and the resistance thereof can be autonomously determined according to the selection type.
The input side of the comparator meets a certain range of voltage difference, the comparator can jump, when the single-limit comparator has small interference near the threshold value of the input signal, the output voltage can generate corresponding jitter, and the fifth resistor R5 can overcome the fluctuation.
In one embodiment, the comparator comprises a push-pull output comparator.
The comparator shapes and amplifies the micro signal after the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are isolated, so as to output a square wave signal to the detection unit connected to the rear end.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the voltage dividing bias unit 12 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4;
one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the isolation unit 11 and the first input end of the rectifying unit 13, respectively; the other end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the second input end of the shaping unit 13; the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply unit VCC.
In one embodiment, the first resistor R1 has the same resistance as the second resistor R2.
The third resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R2 have the same resistance value, and are used for realizing voltage division of the power supply unit, and providing voltage division voltages for the first resistor R3 and the second resistor R4 at the rear end.
In one embodiment, the third resistor R3 has the same resistance as the fourth resistor R4.
The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are used for providing bias voltages for two input ends of a subsequent comparator, and after the bias voltages are arranged on the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the bias voltages are just the middle value of the power supply voltage of the comparator, so that alternating current signals input from the power supply unit L/N can be ensured to fluctuate around VCC/2, and the input voltages at two ends of the comparator are stabilized in the voltage range of the power supply unit of the comparator;
the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are further configured to convert an ac voltage according to an ac current formed by the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, otherwise, the comparator input terminal only includes a dc bias voltage.
In one embodiment, the voltage dividing bias unit 12 further includes a third capacitor C3; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a technical scheme that:
a power line carrier system comprising the zero crossing detection circuit of any one of the first aspects.
The power line carrier system comprises all technical means and technical effects of the zero-crossing detection circuit.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 may be 10kΩ, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 may be 100kΩ, and the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 may be 1pF.
In this case, as shown in fig. 7, when VCC is set to 3.3V, both the voltage V1 and the voltage V2 fluctuate around VCC/2, i.e., both the voltage V1 and the voltage V2 fluctuate around 1.65V.
As shown in fig. 8, after the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are omitted, the simulation results are shown in fig. 9, and it can be seen that the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are further used for converting the ac voltage formed by the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 into the ac voltage.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a power consumption comparison experiment:
as shown in fig. 1, the calculation formula of the power consumption P1 of the conventional zero-crossing detection circuit on the strong current side is as follows:
wherein R' 1 is a current limiting resistor in the conventional zero-crossing detection circuit in FIG. 1, and Uac is a voltage on the strong current side. When the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is 100kΩ, the power consumption P1 of the traditional zero-crossing detection circuit at the strong current side is 0.242W;
as shown in FIG. 6, the path generated by the power consumption of the zero-crossing detection circuit on the strong current side is L-C1-R3-R5-C3-N;
firstly, calculating the impedance of the first capacitor C1 or the second capacitor C2 at the power frequency of 50Hz, wherein the impedance is calculated as follows:
since the capacitance value of the first capacitor C1 or the second capacitor C2 is extremely small, the following conditions are satisfied: 1pF;
under the condition of 50Hz of power frequency, the impedance of the first capacitor C1 or the second capacitor C2 is far greater than that of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, so that the current on the power consumption path is limited by the first capacitor C1 or the second capacitor C2, and the current on the path is as follows:
finally, the power consumption of the embodiment of the utility model on the strong current side is the power consumption P2 on the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4:
P2＝Iac 2 *(R3+R5)＝239pW
according to comparison between the calculated power consumption P1 of the traditional zero-crossing detection circuit on the strong current side and the power consumption P2 of the embodiment of the utility model on the strong current side, the zero-crossing detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model can obviously reduce the power consumption of the zero-crossing detection circuit under the condition of meeting the requirement of electrical isolation.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The zero-crossing detection circuit is applied to a power line carrier system, and the power line carrier system comprises a power supply unit and is characterized by comprising an isolation unit, a partial pressure bias unit, a shaping unit and a detection unit;
the input end of the isolation unit is connected with the power supply unit and used as the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and used for receiving an input signal;
the output end of the isolation unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit and the output end of the voltage division bias unit;
the input end of the voltage dividing bias unit is connected with the power supply unit;
the output end of the voltage division bias unit is connected with the input end of the shaping unit;
the output end of the shaping unit is connected with the input end of the detection unit;
the output end of the detection unit is used as a signal output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and is used for outputting a zero-crossing detection signal.
2. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the isolation unit comprises a first capacitance, a second capacitance;
the first capacitor and the second capacitor are respectively connected in series with the signal input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit; the output end of the first capacitor is used as a first output end of the isolation unit; and the output end of the second capacitor is used as a second output end of the isolation unit.
3. The zero-crossing detection circuit of claim 2, wherein the first capacitance and the second capacitance are both plate capacitances.
4. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the shaping unit comprises a comparator, a fifth resistor;
one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the comparator; the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second input end of the comparator;
the first input end and the second input end of the comparator are used as input ends of the shaping unit and are connected with the output end of the voltage dividing bias unit.
5. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 4, wherein the comparator comprises a push-pull output comparator.
6. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing bias unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor;
one end of the third resistor is respectively connected with the output end of the isolation unit and the first input end of the shaping unit; the other end of the third resistor is respectively connected with one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the first resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second input end of the shaping unit; the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a power supply unit.
7. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the third resistor has a same resistance as the fourth resistor.
8. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the first resistor has a same resistance as the second resistor.
9. The zero crossing detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the voltage dividing bias unit further comprises a third capacitor; the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the second resistor.
10. A power line carrier system comprising the zero crossing detection circuit of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321045315.9U CN220040594U (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2023-04-26 | Zero-crossing detection circuit and power line carrier system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202321045315.9U CN220040594U (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2023-04-26 | Zero-crossing detection circuit and power line carrier system |
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| CN220040594U true CN220040594U (en) | 2023-11-17 |
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