CN219978526U - Radar speed measuring circuit and radar speed measuring system - Google Patents
Radar speed measuring circuit and radar speed measuring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a radar speed measuring circuit and a radar speed measuring system. In the radar speed measuring circuit, a first signal processing module is used for outputting a first transmitting signal, the first transmitting module comprises a first mixing module, the first transmitting module is used for receiving the first transmitting signal and mixing the first transmitting signal through the first mixing module to output a second transmitting signal, and the frequency of the first transmitting signal is higher than that of the second transmitting signal; the first signal processing module is also used for outputting a second received signal after mixing the first received signal; the first receiving signal is an echo signal of the second transmitting signal reflected by the measured object; the second received signal is lower in frequency than the first received signal; the signal output module is coupled with the first signal processing module and is used for outputting a third received signal after processing the second received signal; the third receiving signal is used for determining the speed of the measured object; the signal output module does not include a mixing module. The radar speed measuring circuit can improve the receiving sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of radio frequency, and particularly relates to a radar speed measuring circuit and a radar speed measuring system.
Background
The radar speed measuring circuit is a radar speed measuring circuit which collects echoes reflected by a measured object by transmitting electromagnetic wave signals (hereinafter simply referred to as wave removal) to the measured object. When there is relative movement between the measured object and the radar speed measuring circuit, doppler frequency shift will occur between echo and wave elimination. The speed of the measured object can be determined by analyzing the echoes captured by the radar speed measuring circuit. Therefore, the radar speed measuring circuit is widely applied to a radar speed measuring system for speed detection.
At present, the radar speed measuring circuit has lower receiving sensitivity due to interference of self noise (also called 1/f noise). When the method is applied to a radar speed measuring system for speed detection, effective speed detection cannot be realized.
Therefore, the problem of lower receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit exists in the traditional technical scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a radar speed measuring circuit and a radar speed measuring system, and aims to solve the problem that the radar speed measuring circuit has low receiving sensitivity in the traditional technical scheme.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the utility model provides a radar speed measuring circuit. The radar speed measuring circuit comprises: the first signal processing module, the first transmitting module and the signal output module. The first signal processing module is used for outputting a first transmission signal. The first transmitting module is coupled with the first signal processing module, and comprises a first mixing module, and the first transmitting module is used for receiving the first transmitting signal and mixing the first transmitting signal through the first mixing module so as to output a second transmitting signal; the first signal processing module is also used for receiving a first receiving signal, and outputting a second receiving signal after at least mixing processing is carried out on the first receiving signal; the first receiving signal is an echo signal of the second transmitting signal reflected by the measured object; the second received signal is lower in frequency than the first received signal. The signal output module is coupled with the first signal processing module; the signal output module is used for receiving the second received signal and outputting a third received signal after processing the second received signal; the third received signal is used to determine the velocity of the object under test. Wherein the signal output module does not include a mixing module.
In one possible implementation, the first signal processing module is further configured to perform at least mixing processing on the first received signal to output a sixth received signal. The sixth received signal is used to determine the direction of movement of the object under test. The sixth received signal is orthogonal to the second received signal; the sixth received signal is lower in frequency than the first received signal.
In one possible implementation, the signal output module is further configured to receive a sixth received signal, and process the sixth received signal to output a processed sixth received signal.
In one possible implementation, the signal output module includes a first signal output module and a second signal output module coupled to the first signal processing module, neither the first signal output module nor the second signal output module including a mixing module. The first signal output module is used for receiving the second received signal and outputting a third received signal after processing the second received signal. And the second signal output module is used for receiving the sixth received signal and processing the sixth received signal to output the processed sixth received signal.
In one possible implementation, the signal output module includes one or more of a bandpass filter, an amplification module, and a low-pass filter. The second received signal is processed by any device to obtain a third received signal; alternatively, the second received signal is sequentially processed by two or more devices to obtain a third received signal.
In one possible implementation, the signal output module includes a bandpass filter, an amplification module, and a low pass filter. The input end of the band-pass filter is coupled with the signal processing module, the output end of the band-pass filter is coupled with the input end of the amplifying module, and the output end of the amplifying module is coupled with the low-pass filter.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present utility model provides a radar speed measurement system. The radar speed measuring system comprises:
the radar speed measuring circuit, the first transceiver module and the control module of any one of the first aspect. The first transceiver module is coupled with the radar speed measuring circuit; the first transceiver module is used for receiving a second transmitting signal from the radar speed measuring circuit, receiving a first receiving signal and transmitting the first receiving signal to the radar speed measuring circuit; the control module is coupled with the radar speed measuring circuit; the control module is used for controlling the radar speed measuring circuit to emit a second emission signal, and the second emission signal is used for detecting the speed of the measured object; the control module is also used for receiving the third receiving signal and outputting the speed of the measured object according to the third receiving signal.
In one possible embodiment, the control module is coupled to a first amplification module of the radar speed measuring circuit, and the control module is further configured to control an amplification gain of the first amplification module.
In one possible implementation, the radar speed measurement system further comprises a radar ranging module for detecting a distance between the object to be measured and the radar speed measurement system. The control module is specifically used for controlling the amplification gain of the first amplification module according to the interval, and the amplification gain is inversely proportional to the interval.
In one possible implementation, the radar speed measurement system further includes a second transceiver module coupled to the radar ranging module. The second transceiver module is used for transmitting a third transmitting signal, and the third transmitting signal is used for detecting the distance between the measured object and the radar speed measuring system. The radar ranging module is further configured to receive an eighth receiving signal through the second transceiver module, process the eighth receiving signal, and output the interval to the control module, where the eighth receiving signal is an echo signal reflected by the measured object by the third transmitting signal.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the radar speed measuring circuit, the first frequency mixing module is added into the first transmitting module to mix the transmitting fundamental wave (namely the second transmitting signal) so that the transmitting fundamental wave is overlapped with a signal source. Therefore, compared with the fundamental wave, the frequency of the first transmitting signal output by the radar speed measuring circuit is improved, and therefore the frequency of the first receiving signal received by the radar speed measuring circuit is also improved. Because the frequency of the first receiving signal received by the radar speed measuring circuit is improved, the frequency of the second receiving signal output by the first signal processing module after mixing and the frequency of the third receiving signal output by the signal output module are also improved.
It should be noted that, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is inversely proportional to the frequency, and the lower the frequency is, the higher the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is. Therefore, as the frequency of each received signal in the circuit increases, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is reduced, so that the interference of the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit on the receiving sensitivity can be reduced, and the receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radar speed measurement circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radar speed measurement circuit according to a second embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of 1/f noise provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 6 is an exploded schematic view of one possible mechanical structure of the radar speed measuring system shown in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a radar speed measuring system. The radar speed measuring system can be used for various scenes needing speed measurement, such as road speed measurement, river flow rate and the like.
The following describes a radar speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present utility model with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present utility model. For convenience of explanation, only the portions related to the present embodiment are shown, and the detailed description is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the radar speed measuring system includes a radar speed measuring circuit, a first transceiver module and a control module, wherein the radar speed measuring circuit is coupled with the first transceiver module and the control module respectively.
Wherein the control module is used for sending a first instruction IO 1 The radar speed measuring circuit is provided with a second transmitting signal S TX2 To detect the velocity of an object under test (e.g., a river); the radar speed measuring circuit is used for receiving a first instruction IO 1 In response to a first instruction IO 1 Outputting a second transmitting signal S to the first transceiver module TX2 The first transceiver module is used for receiving a second transmitting signal S from the radar speed measuring circuit TX2 And transmitting a second transmission signal S to the object to be measured TX2 。
Second transmitted signal S TX2 After being transmitted, the object to be detected is reflected, and the first receiving and transmitting module is used for receiving a first receiving signal S reflected by the object to be detected RX And transmit to a radar speed measuring circuit for receiving the first receiving signal S RX And for the first received signal S RX After processing (e.g. filtering, amplifying, etc.), a third received signal S is output indicative of the velocity of the object being measured Q2 The control module is used for receiving a third receiving signal S output by the radar speed measuring circuit Q2 And according to the third received signal S Q2 And outputting the speed of the measured object.
Because of the relative motion between the measured object and the radar speed measuring system, the second transmitting signal S TX2 And a first received signal S RX A doppler shift will occur between them which is proportional to the relative speed between the object being measured and the radar speed measurement system. The radar speed measuring circuit is used for measuring the first receiving signal S RX After processing, a third received signal S capable of indicating the speed of the measured object Q2 And the speed of the measured object can be finally obtained by transmitting the speed to a control module for analysis.
The control module may be a micro control unit (microcontroller unit, MCU) for example. It should be noted that in the prior art, the MCU has already controlled the radar speed measuring circuit to output the first transmitting signal S TX And to the third received signal S Q2 The application of analyzing and outputting the speed of the measured object is not limited to this, but the improvement point of the present embodiment is that the internal structure of the radar speed measuring circuit and the overall architecture of the radar speed measuring system are improved, which will be described in detail later, and not be described in detail here.
The first transceiver module may be an antenna, including a transmitting antenna for transmitting signals and a receiving antenna for receiving signals.
In one possible implementation manner, in order to determine the movement direction of the object to be measured, the radar speed measuring circuit is further configured to measure the first received signal S RX Processing and outputting a seventh received signal S I2 Seventh received signal S I2 For determining the direction of movement of the object to be measured; seventh received signal S I2 And a third received signal S Q2 Orthogonal. In this case, the control module is further configured to receive a seventh received signal S returned by the radar speed measuring circuit I2 Based on the third received signal S Q2 And a seventh received signal S I2 The direction of movement of the object under test can be determined jointly.
Of course, in other embodiments, if the moving direction of the measured object is not required to be judged, the radar speed measuring circuit may only output a single path signal, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present utility model. The following illustrated embodiments use a radar speed measuring circuit to measure the first received signal S RX Two orthogonal signals are output after processing, and the explanation is given by taking an example.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a radar speed measuring circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model. The radar speed measuring circuit can be applied to the radar speed measuring system shown in fig. 1. The radar speed measuring circuit comprises:
the first signal processing module is used for outputting a first transmission signal S TX First transmission signal S TX For detecting the speed of the object to be measured;
the first transmitting module is coupled with the first signal processing module; for receiving a first transmitted signal S TX And for the first transmission signal S TX After processing, outputs a second transmitting signal S TX2 . Wherein the first transmitting module comprises a first mixing module for mixing the first transmitting signal S TX Mixing, a first transmitted signal S TX Is higher than the second transmission signal S TX2 Is high.
The first signal processing module is also used for receiving a first receiving signal S RX And for the first received signal S RX At least after mixing, output a second received signal S Q The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the First received signal S RX For the second transmission signal S TX2 Echo signals reflected by the measured object; second received signal S Q Compared with the first received signal S RX Is low. The first signal processing module processes the first received signal S RX Mixing is performed to remove the high frequency part (first transmission signal S TX Corresponding fundamental wave), the output frequency of the second reception signal S which can be processed by the control module shown in fig. 1 Q 。
The signal output module is coupled with the first signal processing module; the signal output module is used for receiving the second receiving signal S Q And for the second received signal S Q After processing, output a third received signal S Q2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Third received signal S Q2 For indicating the velocity of the object under test. The signal output module does not include a mixing module. It should be noted that the signal output module outputs the second received signal S Q Processing to output a third received signal S Q2 The object of (2) is to obtain a signal which is less prone to distortion failure. It should be appreciated that noise, excessive signal amplitude, may result in signal distortion failure.
The radar speed measuring circuit transmits fundamental waves (namely a second transmitting signal S) by adding a first frequency mixing module into a first transmitting module TX2 ) Up-mixing, so that the transmit fundamental wave is superimposed with a signal source. Thus, radar speed measuring circuitOutput first transmission signal S TX Compared with the fundamental wave, the frequency is improved, so that the radar speed measuring circuit receives the first receiving signal S RX The frequency of (2) is also increased. Because the frequency of the first receiving signal received by the radar speed measuring circuit is improved, the frequency of the second receiving signal output by the second mixing module after mixing and the frequency of the third receiving signal output by the signal output module are also improved. It should be noted that, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is inversely proportional to the frequency, and the lower the frequency is, the higher the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is. Therefore, as the frequency of each received signal in the circuit increases, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit is reduced, so that the interference of the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit on the receiving sensitivity can be reduced, and the receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit is further improved.
It should be noted that, compared with the scheme of adding one mixing module at each of the first transmitting module and the signal output module, the scheme shown in fig. 2 adds the first mixing module at the transmitting end where the first transmitting module is located to realize frequency shift of the received signal, which is lower in cost.
The first mixing module may be implemented, for example, with a mixer.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in one possible implementation manner, in order to determine the movement direction of the object to be measured, the first signal processing module is further configured to perform processing on the first received signal S Q At least mixing to output a sixth received signal S I The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Sixth received signal S I And a second receiving signal S Q Quadrature, and sixth received signal S I Compared with the first received signal S RX Is low.
In this case, the signal output module is also used for receiving a sixth received signal S I And for the sixth received signal S I After processing, outputting a processed sixth, i.e. seventh, received signal S I2 。
The seventh received signal S I2 And a third received signal S Q2 Are also orthogonal. By means of a third orthogonal received signal S Q2 And a seventh received signal S I2 And (3) carrying out operation to jointly determine the movement direction of the measured object. In addition, the signal output module outputs a sixth received signal S I Processing to output a seventh received signal S I2 The object of (2) is to obtain a signal which is not easily distorted or disabled. It should be appreciated that noise, excessive signal amplitude, may result in signal distortion, failure.
The internal structure of the radar speed measurement circuit is described below in conjunction with fig. 3, which is more detailed. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radar speed measurement circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model. The radar speed measuring circuit can also be applied to the radar speed measuring system shown in fig. 1.
First, the structure of the first signal processing module will be described.
The first signal processing module comprises a local oscillator signal source U o A second mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 。
Wherein, local oscillation signal source U o For generating local oscillator signals S o . In other embodiments, local oscillator signal S o Or may be provided by an external signal source. On the one hand, local oscillation signal source U o Through the third amplifying module P 3 Coupled to the transmitting terminal TX of the first signal processing module. Local oscillation signal S o Through the third amplifying module P 3 After amplification, a first transmission signal S is generated TX First transmission signal S TX And the signal is output to a first transmitting module through a transmitting end TX of the first signal processing module. On the other hand, local oscillation signal source U o And respectively pass through an operational amplifier and a filter in turn and then respectively mix with a second frequency mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 And (3) coupling. Local oscillation signal S o After being processed by the operational amplifier and the filter, the filter is used as a second mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 Is a second mixed signal S of (1) IF2 Second mixing signal S IF2 And local oscillation signal S o Is the same.
Wherein the second mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 The input ends of the first signal processing module are coupled with the receiving end RX of the first signal processing module, and the receiving end RX of the first signal processing module is used forReceiving a first received signal S RX And the first received signal S RX Transmitted to the second mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 . Second mixing module M 2 Using the second mixing signal S IF2 For the first received signal S RX Mixing to output a second received signal S Q . Third mixing module M 3 Using the second mixing signal S IF2 For the first received signal S RX Mixing to output a sixth received signal S I . The second mixing module M 2 And a third mixing module M 3 May be implemented using mixers.
As an example, the first signal processing module in fig. 3 may be implemented using a chip model trx_024_046.
Next, the structure of the first transmitting module will be described.
The first transmitting module comprises a fourth amplifying module P 4 And a first mixing module M 1 . Wherein, the fourth amplifying module P 4 Output end of (1) and transmitting end TX of radar speed measuring system 2 Coupled with, fourth amplifying module P 4 Is connected with the input end of the first mixing module M 1 Is coupled to the output end of the first mixing module M 1 Is coupled to the transmitting terminal TX of the first signal processing module.
Wherein, the first mixing module M 1 For receiving a first transmission signal S output by a transmission terminal TX of a first signal processing module TX And uses the first mixed signal S IF1 For the first transmission signal S TX After mixing, the mixed first transmission signal S is output TX The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Fourth amplifying module P 4 For receiving mixed first transmitted signal S TX And for the mixed first transmission signal S TX After amplification treatment, the amplified signal passes through a transmitting end TX of a radar speed measuring circuit 2 Outputting a second transmission signal S TX2 . Wherein the first mixing signal S IF1 May be provided by an external signal source or may be provided by a signal source integrated within the first signal processing module.
For example, the amplifying module may be implemented using an amplifier or an amplifying circuit.
Optionally, in the first transmission signal S TX In the case of sufficiently high power, the first transmitting module may not include the fourth amplifying module P 4 . In this case, the first mixing module M 1 For the first transmission signal S TX After mixing, a second transmitting signal S is output TX2 。
And finally, introducing the structure of the signal output module.
Optionally, the signal output module includes a first signal output module and a second signal output module coupled to the first signal processing module, and neither the first signal output module nor the second signal output module includes a mixing module. The first signal output module is used for receiving the second receiving signal S Q And for the second received signal S Q After processing, output a third received signal S Q2 . A second signal output module for receiving a sixth received signal S I And for the sixth received signal S I Processing to output a processed sixth received signal S I I.e. seventh received signal S I2 。
Wherein, any one of the signal output modules comprises one or more devices of a band-pass filter, an amplifying module and a low-pass filter. Second received signal S Q After processing by any device, to obtain a third received signal S Q2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Alternatively, the second received signal S Q After being sequentially processed by two or more devices, a third receiving signal S is obtained Q2 。
Taking the first signal output module as an example, as shown in fig. 3, the first signal output module may include a first band-pass filter BPF 1 First amplifying module P 1 First low pass filter LPF 1 . Wherein the first band pass filter BPF 1 A second mixing module M of the first signal processing module and the input end of the second mixing module M 2 Coupled, first band pass filter BPF 1 And the output end of the first amplifying module P 1 Is coupled to the input end of the first amplifying module P 1 And a first low pass filter LPF 1 Is coupled to the input terminal of the circuit.
Wherein the first belt is connected withFilter BPF 1 For receiving the second mixing module M 2 Output second received signal S Q And for the second received signal S Q Filtering to enable ambient noise and the like to be filtered out.
First amplifying module P 1 For the filtered second received signal S Q Amplifying to make the radar speed measuring circuit output the third receiving signal S finally Q2 Within the collection range of the control module shown in fig. 1, can be collected by the control module shown in fig. 1.
First low pass filter LPF 1 For the amplified first amplifying module P 1 Low-pass filtering and outputting a third received signal S Q2 To filter out high frequency noise and third receiving signal S Q2 Is included in the high frequency component of the (b). Thus, the control module shown in fig. 1 processes only the low frequency component, and the scheme can reduce the operation difficulty compared with the scheme for processing both the high frequency component and the low frequency component.
In the first signal output module shown in fig. 3, a first band-pass filter BPF 1 Arranged before the first amplifying module P1, the second receiving signal S can be caused to Q Unwanted signals such as self noise, environmental noise and the like which are mixed in are filtered before amplification, so that noise is prevented from passing through the first amplification module P 1 And the noise of the device is overlarge after amplification. In addition, the first low pass filter LPF 1 Is arranged at the first amplifying module P 1 After that, the first amplifying module P can be filtered out 1 Newly generated high frequency noise and first band pass filter BPF 1 Clean high frequency noise is not filtered.
It should be noted that fig. 3 includes a first band-pass filter BPF in combination with a first signal output module 1 First amplifying module P 1 First low pass filter LPF 1 Three devices are illustrated as examples. In other embodiments, the first signal output module may also set a first band-pass filter BPF according to actual needs 1 First amplifying module P 1 First low pass filter LPF 1 One or two of the three devices, to which embodiments of the present utility model are not limited.For example, the first signal output module may include a first Band Pass Filter (BPF) 1 First amplifying module P 1 May also include a first band-pass filter BPF 1 First low pass filter LPF 1 Etc. It will be appreciated that when the first signal output module comprises only a part of the three devices, the device connected to the first transmitting module is arranged to receive the second received signal S Q The signal output by the device connected with the control module shown in fig. 1 is the third receiving signal S Q2 。
In addition, the embodiment of the present utility model is not limited to the arrangement order of the devices in the first signal output module. For example, in the first signal output module, a first band-pass filter BPF 1 And a first amplifying module P 1 Is switched in the order of setting or, alternatively, the first amplifying module P 1 And a first low pass filter LPF 1 Is a set-up sequential exchange of (a).
In one possible implementation, the second signal output module includes a second band-pass filter BPF 2 Second amplifying module P 2 Second low pass filter LPF 2 . The implementation and implementation effects of each module in the second signal output module may refer to each module in the first signal output module correspondingly, which will not be described herein.
The following is a description by way of specific examples.
Local oscillation signal S o Is of frequency F o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the First transmitted signal S TX Is of frequency F TX And local oscillation signal S O Frequency F of (2) o Identical, i.e. F TX ＝F 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the First mixing signal S IF1 Is of frequency F IF1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Second mixing signal S IF2 Is of frequency F IF2 And local oscillation signal S O Frequency F of (2) o Identical, i.e. F IF2 ＝F 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The object to be measured is a river.
First transmitted signal S TX With the first mixing signal S IF1 At the first mixing module M 1 Mixing and then passing through a third amplifying module P 3 Amplifying to generate a second transmission signal S TX2 To be emitted to the water surfaceSecond transmitted signal S TX2 And generates Doppler shift frequency F D Then the first signal processing module receives the first signal to obtain a first receiving signal S RX The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S TX2 ＝S TX ×S IF ＝cos[2π(F TX +F IF1 )t]+cos[2π(F TX -F IF1 )t]
＝cos[2π(F 0 +F IF1 )t]+cos[2π(F 0 -F IF1 )t]；
S RX ＝cos[2π(F 0 +F IF1 +F D )t]+cos[2π(F 0 F IF1 +F D )t]。
first received signal S RX The frequency passing through the first signal processing module is F 0 Is a second mixed signal S of (1) IF2 After mixing, two orthogonal signals are output, which are respectively of frequency F Q Is a second received signal S of (2) Q And a frequency of F I Is a sixth received signal S I The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S Q ＝sin[2π(F IF1 +F D )t]+sin[2π(F IF1 -F D )t]；
S I ＝cos[2π(F IF1 +F D )t]+cos[2π(F IF1 -F D )t]。
second received signal S Q Pass through a first Band Pass Filter (BPF) 1 Then pass through a first amplifying module P 1 Then pass through a first low pass filter LPF 1 Outputting a third received signal S Q2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Sixth received signal S I Pass through a second band-pass filter BPF 2 Then pass through a second amplifying module P 2 Then pass through a second low pass filter LPF 2 Outputting a seventh received signal S I2 The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S Q2 ＝LPF(S Q )＝sin[2π(F IF1 -F D )t]；
S I2 ＝LPF(S I )＝cos[2π(F IF1 -F D )t]。
it should be noted that, in the conventional scheme, since the first mixing frequency is not setModule M 1 Mixing is performed so that F does not occur in each received signal IF1 Is a frequency offset of (a) is provided. For example, a third received signal S Q2 And a seventh received signal S I2 Respectively cos [2 pi (-F) D )t]And cos [2 pi (F) D )t]. In FIG. 3, however, due to the first mixing module M 1 Using a frequency F IF1 Is a first mixed signal S of IF1 For the first transmission signal S TX Mixing frequency, so that each received signal of the radar radio frequency signal also generates F IF1 Frequency offset of (2), i.e. adding a frequency shift amount F to the frequency of the received signal of the conventional scheme IF1 Namely, the frequency of the received signal of the radar speed measuring circuit is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of 1/f noise provided in an embodiment of the utility model. According to the 1/f noise diagram, the voltage noise density is inversely proportional to the frequency, and the lower the frequency of the radar speed measuring circuit is, the higher the voltage noise density is, namely the 1/f noise is.
It should be noted that, the frequencies of the signals of the radar speed measuring circuit are different, 1/f noises with different magnitudes will appear, and whether the 1/f noise of one radar speed measuring circuit meets the standard is judged, and whether the highest 1/f noise exceeds the allowable value is judged. Therefore, in the embodiment of the utility model, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit refers to the highest 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit. Based on the above, the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit depends on the lowest frequency of the radar speed measuring circuit, and the above formula of each received signal can find that the lowest frequency of the radar speed measuring circuit appears at each received signal output after mixing by the first signal processing module.
Obviously, compared with the traditional scheme, the lowest frequency of the radar speed measuring circuit shown in fig. 3 is improved, so that 1/f noise is reduced, interference of the 1/f noise of the radar speed measuring circuit on the receiving sensitivity can be reduced, and the receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit is improved.
In addition, the Doppler shift frequency F D Is in direct proportion to the speed of the measured object. The lower the velocity of the measured object is, the Doppler shift frequency F is D The smaller. Thus, compared with the measured objectAt a higher speed, the third received signal S in the conventional scheme is at a lower speed Q2 And a seventh received signal S I2 The frequency of the device is lower, the 1/f noise is stronger, and the receiving sensitivity is more disturbed when the speed of a measured object moving at a low speed is measured by the traditional scheme. Whereas the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is due to the third received signal S Q2 And a seventh received signal S I2 Frequency shift F occurs IF1 Therefore, even for a measured object moving at a low speed, it is possible to have good reception sensitivity.
The setting of the first mixing module in the radar speed measuring circuit is analyzed in combination with the signal-to-noise ratio.
Assuming that the signal intensity output by the radar speed measuring circuit is S1, the 1/f noise intensity of the conventional scheme is N1, and the 1/f noise intensity in the radar speed measuring circuit in fig. 3 is N2, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR 1= (S1/N1) of the conventional scheme, and the signal-to-noise ratio SNR 2= (S1/N2) of the radar speed measuring circuit in fig. 3.
Please continue to refer to fig. 4,F C Corner noise frequency of 1/f noise; f (F) S The minimum Doppler frequency which can be measured by the radar speed measuring circuit. N1 is dependent on F S Noise at; n2 depends on F IF1 Noise at the location.
In some embodiments, the first mixing signal S of the first mixing module is selected IF1 In the case of F IF1 ＞F C Is a first mixed signal S of IF1 For the first transmission signal S TX Mixing is performed. According to the empirical formula, when F IF ＞F C The ratio of the noise amplitudes of the two frequency points
F according to the data of TRX_024_046 C In the traditional scheme, according to the speed measuring range, if the measuring range is 10m/s, the Doppler frequency range is 30 Hz-1 kHz, and the lowest Doppler frequency F S Typically at 30Hz, N1/N2≡41 is obtained. Because N is much greater than N2, SNR2 is much greater than SNR1. Thus, the signal of the radar speed measuring circuit shown in FIG. 3 can be obtainedThe value of the noise ratio is far greater than in conventional schemes. The larger the signal-to-noise ratio value is, the smaller the signal noise inside the circuit is, so the higher the receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit shown in fig. 3 is.
Of course, in other embodiments, F IF1 May be less than or equal to F C And is greater than F B According to the 1/F noise diagram shown in FIG. 4, when F IF1 Greater than F B When N2 is less than N1.
The following describes the overall structure of the radar speed measuring system by using the radar speed measuring circuit shown in fig. 3 as the radar speed measuring circuit in the radar speed measuring system.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a radar speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the utility model. The radar speed measuring circuit in the figure is the radar speed measuring circuit shown in fig. 3.
Wherein the output end of the first low-pass filter is coupled with the control module for transmitting the third receiving signal S Q2 And transmitted to the control module. The output of the first low-pass filter is illustratively coupled to a control module for acquiring a third received signal S Q2 And a third receiving signal S of the analog signal Q2 A third received signal S converted into a digital signal which can be resolved by the control module Q2 。
The output end of the second low-pass filter is coupled with the control module for outputting a seventh receiving signal S I2 And transmitted to the control module. The output of the second low-pass filter is coupled with a control module for acquiring a seventh received signal S I2 And a seventh receiving signal S of the analog signal I2 Seventh received signal S converted into digital signal that control module can analyze I2 。
At the same time, in order to control the first signal processing module to output the first transmission signal S TX The control module is also coupled with the first signal processing module and is used for sending a first instruction IO to the first signal processing module 1 。
With continued reference to FIG. 5, in one possible implementation, a first amplification in the radar speed measurement circuitModule P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 All are variable gain amplification modules PGAs;
the control module is respectively connected with the first amplifying module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 Coupled to the control module, the control module outputs gain setting instructions (IO respectively 2 And IO (input/output) 3 ) Gain setting instruction IO 2 For indicating the first amplifying module P 1 Is provided; gain setting instruction IO 3 For indicating the second amplifying module P 2 Is provided;
first amplifying module P 1 For receiving gain setting instructions IO 2 And according to the gain setting instruction IO 2 The indicated amplification gain is for the second received signal S Q And (5) amplifying. Second amplifying module P 2 For receiving gain setting instructions IO 3 And according to the gain setting instruction IO 3 The indicated amplification gain is for the sixth received signal S I And (5) amplifying.
The validity of the value measured by the radar speed measuring circuit can be judged according to the signal amplitude. If the distance between the radar speed measuring circuit and the measured object is too large (such as low water level or high installation position of the radar speed measuring circuit), the amplitude of the returned measured value is too low, so that the control module judges the measured value as invalid data. If the distance between the radar speed measuring circuit and the measured object is too small (such as high water level or low installation position of the radar speed measuring circuit), the amplitude of the returned measured value is too high, and exceeds the collectable range of the control module, signal distortion can occur.
The present embodiment uses the first amplifying module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 Is set as PGA, and the control module is connected with the first amplifying module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 Coupled to the first amplifying module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 Is adjusted. Thus, the amplification gain of the radar speed measuring system can be set according to the scene used by the radar speed measuring system, and the third receiving signal S output by the radar speed measuring circuit is avoided Q And a seventh received signal S I Too high or too low amplitude to enable radar measurementThe amplitude of the measured value returned by the speed circuit can meet the measurement requirement, so that the receiving sensitivity of the radar speed measuring circuit is improved, and the radar speed measuring system can stabilize and accurately measure the speed.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in one possible embodiment, in order to better adjust the first amplification module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 The radar speed measurement system further comprises a radar ranging module and a second receiving and transmitting module.
The radar ranging module is coupled with the control module, and is used for transmitting a third transmitting signal through the second transceiver module, and the third transmitting signal is used for detecting the distance between the measured object (such as river water surface) and the radar ranging module; the radar ranging module is further configured to receive an eighth received signal through the second transceiver module, process the eighth received signal, and output a ninth received signal, where the eighth received signal is an echo signal reflected by the object to be measured by the third transmission signal, and the ninth received signal is used to indicate a distance;
the control module is also used for receiving the ninth receiving signal and outputting the gain setting instruction IO based on the interval indicated by the ninth receiving signal 2 And IO (input/output) 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gain setting instruction IO 2 And IO (input/output) 3 The indicated amplification gain is inversely proportional to the spacing.
For example, when the water level is low, because the amplitude of the returned signal is strong, a suitably small amplification gain can be selected, avoiding signal distortion caused by excessive amplification and misjudgment caused by exceeding the judgment threshold value by the noise signal. When the water level is high, the amplitude of the returned signal is weak, and the amplification gain needs to be selected to be large, so that the amplitude of the returned signal of the radar speed measuring circuit can be collected by the control module.
In some embodiments, the radar ranging module may include a second transmitting module, a second signal processing module, and a signal output module, where the second signal processing module is configured to output a third transmitting signal, and further configured to receive an eighth receiving signal and output a ninth receiving signal after processing the eighth receiving signal. As one example, the second signal processing module of the radar ranging module may be implemented with trx_120_001.
It should be noted that, the radar ranging module is already a mature product in the market, how the distance between the control module and the radar ranging module is transmitted is also the prior art, and the control module outputs certain data to control the working parameters of other devices based on the distance is also the prior art, but the following architecture of the embodiment does not exist in the prior art: the radar ranging module is coupled with the control module, and the control module is respectively connected with the first amplifying module P serving as other devices 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 And (3) coupling. In other words, the core of the present embodiment is that the radar ranging module is coupled to the control module, and the control module is respectively coupled to the first amplifying module P 1 And a second amplifying module P 2 The coupled architecture, as to how the architecture transmits pitch and how to output the operating parameters that are compatible with other devices using the pitch, is not an improvement that needs to be made by the present embodiment.
The following describes a mechanical construction of the radar speed measurement system shown in fig. 5 with river speed measurement as a use scenario of the radar speed measurement system shown in fig. 5.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is an exploded view of one possible mechanical structure of the radar speed measuring system shown in fig. 5. The mechanical structure of the radar speed measuring system comprises an equipment shell 1, a level gauge 2, a waterproof gram head 3, a main control PCB 4, a radar speed measuring module 5 (namely the radar speed measuring circuit), a main control board fixing bracket 6 (namely the control module), a radar speed measuring module radome 7 (namely the first transceiver module), a radar ranging module 8, a radar ranging module radome 9 (namely the second transceiver module) and a radome fixing bracket 10.
Wherein, the level meter 2 is arranged on the equipment shell 1 and plays a role in installation and leveling. The radar speed measuring module 5 is fixed on the main control PCB 4 by means of screws and the like, then the main control PCB 4 is fixed on the main control board fixing support 6 by means of copper columns and the like, and the main control board fixing support 6 is fixed with the equipment shell 1 by means of screws and the like. The radar ranging module 8 is fixed on the radar ranging module antenna housing 9, and the radar ranging module antenna housing 9 and the radar speed measuring module antenna housing 7 are fixed on the equipment shell 1 through the antenna housing fixing bracket 10. The whole structure is fixed through the waterproof gram head, and leveling is carried out according to the level meter 2 during fixing.
The radar ranging module radome 9 is arranged along the horizontal direction, namely along the direction indicated by the level meter, so that the direction of electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the radar ranging module radome 9 is perpendicular to the river water surface, and the distance between the radar ranging module radome 9 and the river water surface can be accurately measured. An included angle is formed between the radar speed measuring module antenna housing 7 and a plane along the horizontal direction, so that an included angle is formed between the direction of an electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the radar speed measuring module antenna housing 7 and the river water surface, and speed detection can be realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A radar speed measuring circuit, comprising:
the first signal processing module is used for outputting a first transmission signal, and the first transmission signal is used for detecting the speed of the detected object;
a first transmitting module coupled to the first signal processing module; the first transmitting module comprises a first mixing module, and the first transmitting module is used for receiving the first transmitting signal and mixing the first transmitting signal by using the first mixing module so as to output a second transmitting signal; wherein the frequency of the first transmit signal is higher than the frequency of the second transmit signal;
the first signal processing module is further configured to receive a first received signal, and output a second received signal after performing at least mixing processing on the first received signal; the first receiving signal is an echo signal of the second transmitting signal reflected by the measured object; the second received signal is lower in frequency than the first received signal;
the signal output module is coupled with the first signal processing module; the signal output module is used for receiving the second received signal and outputting a third received signal after processing the second received signal; the third receiving signal is used for determining the speed of the detected object;
wherein the signal output module does not include a mixing module.
2. The radar speed measuring circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
the first signal processing module is further configured to perform at least mixing processing on the first received signal to output a sixth received signal; the sixth receiving signal is used for determining the movement direction of the measured object;
the sixth received signal is orthogonal to the second received signal; the sixth received signal is lower in frequency than the first received signal.
3. A radar speed measuring circuit according to claim 2, wherein,
the signal output module is further configured to receive the sixth received signal, and process the sixth received signal to output a processed sixth received signal.
4. The radar speed measuring circuit according to claim 3, wherein,
the signal output module comprises a first signal output module and a second signal output module which are coupled with the first signal processing module, and neither the first signal output module nor the second signal output module comprises a mixing module;
the first signal output module is used for receiving the second received signal and outputting the third received signal after processing the second received signal;
the second signal output module is configured to receive the sixth received signal, and process the sixth received signal to output a processed sixth received signal.
5. A radar speed measuring circuit according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein,
the signal output module comprises one or more devices of a band-pass filter, an amplifying module and a low-pass filter;
the second received signal is processed by any one of the devices to obtain the third received signal; or, the second received signal is sequentially processed by two or more devices to obtain the third received signal.
6. The radar speed measurement circuit of claim 5, wherein the signal output module includes the bandpass filter, the amplification module, and the low pass filter;
the input end of the band-pass filter is coupled with the signal processing module, the output end of the band-pass filter is coupled with the input end of the amplifying module, and the output end of the amplifying module is coupled with the low-pass filter.
7. A radar speed measurement system, comprising:
a radar speed measurement circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the first transceiver module is coupled with the radar speed measuring circuit; the first transceiver module is used for receiving the second transmitting signal from the radar speed measuring circuit, receiving the first receiving signal and transmitting the first receiving signal to the radar speed measuring circuit;
the control module is coupled with the radar speed measuring circuit; the control module is used for controlling the radar speed measuring circuit to emit the second emission signal, and the second emission signal is used for detecting the speed of the measured object;
the control module is also used for receiving the third receiving signal and outputting the speed of the measured object according to the third receiving signal.
8. The radar speed measuring system according to claim 7, wherein,
the control module is coupled with the first amplifying module of the radar speed measuring circuit, and is further used for controlling the amplifying gain of the first amplifying module.
9. The radar speed measurement system of claim 8, further comprising a radar ranging module for detecting a separation between the object under test and the radar speed measurement system;
the control module is specifically configured to control an amplification gain of the first amplification module according to a pitch, where the amplification gain is inversely proportional to the pitch.
10. The radar speed measurement system of claim 9, further comprising a second transceiver module coupled to the radar ranging module;
the second transceiver module is used for transmitting a third transmitting signal, and the third transmitting signal is used for detecting the distance between the measured object and the radar speed measuring system;
the radar ranging module is further configured to receive an eighth receiving signal through the second transceiver module, process the eighth receiving signal, and output the interval to the control module, where the eighth receiving signal is an echo signal of the third transmitting signal reflected by the measured object.
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