CN219974384U - Pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue holes, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, a core tube, a drill bit and the like. The upper end of the outer cylinder is connected with an outer cylinder joint through threads, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is connected with a spline housing through threads; the spline sleeve is internally connected with the reverse circulation drill bit in a spline form, and is positioned through a semicircular clamp, so that the spline sleeve and the outer cylinder are convenient to assemble and disassemble; the upper end of the core tube is connected with the central channel of the double-wall drilling tool, and the lower end of the core tube is communicated with the central channel hole of the drill bit; and a plurality of groups of cylindrical surfaces with different diameters between the piston and the inner cylinder are matched and cooperated at different positions to realize the switching of the gas paths. The high-frequency impact and rotary cutting combined action of the pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue greatly improves drilling efficiency, ensures working reliability in a deep hole complex environment, has the capability of bearing large air volume and high pressure resistance, greatly improves the time utilization rate of drilling, reduces occurrence of hole accidents, and solves the problems of low drilling speed, low efficiency and insufficient adaptability of complex stratum.

Description

Pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue hole

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer, in particular to a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue holes.

Background

The explosion of gas and dust, open fire of mines, outburst of coal and gas, water burst of mines, rock burst and large-area roof fall are called five disasters of the mines, once accidents occur, a mine system is seriously damaged, and a channel reaching a disaster area is established through an underground rescue drilling hole to rescue the accidents, so that the accidents are a common and effective method for treating the accidents. By quickly constructing the life support and rescue channel, the casualties can be effectively reduced, and the social influence is reduced.

The air reverse circulation drilling process has the advantages of high drilling efficiency, safe and reliable drift penetration and good drilling quality, has proved to obtain good effects in life rescue hole construction in foreign multi-time rescue, but most of large-diameter down-the-hole hammers currently used in China are of positive circulation structures, and the practice of the positive circulation drilling technology shows that when complex stratum such as broken stratum and fissure are met, compressed air is completely lost into the stratum and cannot form effective circulation, so that the problems of large consumption of air in the drilling process, difficult slag discharge and the like are caused, and the large-diameter life rescue hole construction requirements cannot be met.

The air reverse circulation drilling process uses air as circulation medium, utilizes the annular gap of double-wall drill pipe to transfer high-pressure air to hole bottom, and utilizes the mutual cooperation of main components of internal cylinder, external cylinder and core pipe to drive piston to make reciprocating impact on rock breaking tool of hole bottom drill bit (down-the-hole hammer) and make drilling by means of impact rock breaking and rotary grinding rock breaking, and utilizes the gas of driving hole bottom drill bit to carry rock scraps to make them pass through pipeline in double-wall drill pipe and return to ground surface so as to implement drilling. The reverse circulation pneumatic down-the-hole hammer and the matched drilling process thereof are developed, the problems of low drilling speed, low efficiency and insufficient adaptability of complex stratum are solved, and the reverse circulation pneumatic down-the-hole hammer has very important significance for improving the drilling rescue capability of China.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: the pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for the life rescue hole is used for solving the problems that slag is difficult, the construction requirement of the life rescue hole with large diameter cannot be met, the drilling speed of a complex stratum is low and the adaptability is insufficient in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for the life rescue hole is applied to a double-wall drilling tool and comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder and a drill bit, wherein one end of the outer cylinder is connected with the upper joint, and the other end of the outer cylinder is connected with the drill bit; the other end of the upper joint is connected with a double-wall drilling tool; a check valve is arranged at one end of the upper joint, which is close to the core pipe;

an inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder; a core pipe is arranged in the inner cylinder in a penetrating way and used for deslagging; one end of the core tube is communicated with a drill rod central channel of the double-wall drilling tool; the other end of the core tube is communicated with the central channel of the drill bit;

a piston is movably arranged between the core tube and the inner cylinder.

Further, the core tube is a reducing body, and a gas distribution step is arranged around the core tube; the lower end of the core tube is connected with the piston in a sliding way through different circumferential surfaces.

Further, a 15-degree sealing inclined plane is arranged in one end of the upper joint, close to the core pipe, and forms a seal with the check valve.

Further, a sealing ring is arranged between the upper joint and the check valve.

Further, the inner cylinder is also provided with a plurality of inner cylinder upper vent holes, a plurality of inner cylinder lower vent holes and an inner cylinder boss; the plurality of upper vent holes and lower vent holes of the inner cylinder are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the inner cylinder; and a gap is reserved between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to form an annular channel.

Further, the piston is provided with a piston upper boss, a piston lower boss, a piston groove and a piston impact head; the upper boss of the piston and the boss of the inner cylinder form a front air chamber; the lower boss of the piston and the boss of the inner cylinder form a rear air chamber.

Further, the end face of the outer cylinder, which is close to the inner cylinder, is provided with a bushing and a semicircular clamp in sequence.

Further, the outer cylinder is connected with the drill bit through a spline housing, and the spline housing is provided with a spline.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue hole of the utility model uses compressed air to drive down-the-hole hammer to impact the piston, impacts the down-the-hole hammer bit with larger impact energy and high frequency, and simultaneously drives the bit to rotate at a low speed under the driving of the rotary table of a drilling machine, so that rock is broken, and generated rock scraps are carried by high-pressure airflow to return to the ground surface. The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer solves the problems of low drilling speed, low efficiency and insufficient adaptability of complex stratum, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer selects compressed gas as a circulating medium, so that secondary injury to underground trapped personnel can not be caused during roadway penetration, the safety of a rescue well can be well ensured, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer has good application prospect in mine large-diameter rescue drilling and has very important significance in improving the drilling rescue capability of China.

Drawings

The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are only illustrative and explanatory of the utility model, and are not restrictive of the scope of the utility model.

The utility model can be further illustrated by means of non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue holes;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an inner cylinder in the pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of a piston in a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue.

The main reference numerals are as follows:

the device comprises a 1-upper joint, a 2-outer cylinder, a 3-check valve, a 4-inner cylinder, a 5-piston, a 6-spline housing, a 7-sealing ring, an 8-distribution step, a 9-core pipe, a 10-bushing, an 11-semicircle clamp, a 12-drill bit, a 13-inner cylinder upper vent hole, a 14-inner cylinder lower vent hole, a 15-inner cylinder boss, a 16-piston impact head, a 17-piston upper boss, a 18-piston groove and a 19-piston lower boss.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, wherein like or similar parts are designated by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings or the description, and implementations not shown or described in the drawings are in a form well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. in the embodiments are merely directions with reference to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the utility model provides a pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for life rescue holes, which is applied to a double-wall drilling tool and comprises an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 2 and a drill bit 12, wherein one end of the outer cylinder 2 is connected with the upper joint 1, and the other end of the outer cylinder 2 is connected with the drill bit 12; the other end of the upper joint 1 is connected with a double-wall drilling tool; a check valve 3 is arranged at one end of the upper joint 1, which is close to the core pipe 9; specifically, the upper end and the lower end of the upper joint 1 are both provided with threads, the upper end of the upper joint is in threaded connection with the double-wall drilling tool, the lower end of the upper joint is in threaded connection with the upper end of the outer cylinder 2, and auxiliary loading and unloading holes are formed in the side surface of the upper joint 1 so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the threads between the upper joint 1 and the drill rod and the outer cylinder 2 of the double-wall drilling tool;

an inner cylinder 4 is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder 2; a core pipe 9 is arranged in the inner cylinder 4 in a penetrating way and used for deslagging; one end of the core tube 9 is communicated with a drill rod central channel of the double-wall drilling tool; the other end of the core tube 9 is communicated with a central passage of a drill bit 12; specifically, the upper end of the core tube 9 is connected with a drill rod inner channel of the double-wall drilling tool through threads, and the lower end of the core tube is directly inserted into the drill bit 12 to form relative sliding connection, so that the drill bit 12 can keep certain axial reciprocating motion with the core tube 9 under the action of high-frequency impact; the outer cylindrical surface of the core tube 9, the inner cylinder 4 and the bushing 10 are matched to form a gas distribution channel of the down-the-hole hammer, and the central channel of the gas distribution channel can provide a transportation channel for the upward return of the rock debris at the bottom of the well;

a piston 5 is movably arranged between the core tube 9 and the inner cylinder 4.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model utilizes compressed air to drive the down-the-hole hammer piston 5 to impact the down-the-hole hammer bit 12 with larger impact energy and high frequency, and simultaneously, the bit 12 rotates at a low speed under the drive of the rotary table of the drilling machine, so that rock is broken, and generated rock scraps are carried by high-pressure air flow to return to the ground surface. The rescue well requires safe drilling and cannot cause secondary injury to trapped personnel in the well, so that gas is mainly selected as a circulating medium in the process of drilling fluid selection, and air compressor equipment is matched with the rescue well.

In some embodiments, a 15-degree sealing inclined plane is arranged in one end of the core tube 9, which is close to the upper joint 1, and forms a seal with the check valve 3, and when ventilation is performed, the check valve 3 is opened under the action of high-pressure air flow, so that normal drilling operation of the down-the-hole hammer is realized; its main function is to prevent formation fluids that may be produced in the hole from carrying cuttings back through the exhaust passage on the bit 12 into the interior of the down-the-hole hammer.

In some embodiments, a sealing ring 7 is arranged between the upper joint 1 and the check valve 3. So as to ensure the tightness of the ventilation channel and ensure the mutual independence of the air inlet channel and the chip removal channel.

In some embodiments, the core tube 9 is a reducing body, and a gas distribution step 8 is arranged around the core tube 9; the lower end of the core tube 9 is in sliding connection with the piston 5 through different circumferential surfaces, the piston 5 is positioned in the inner cylinder 4, and the central through hole of the piston 5 is coaxial with the cylindrical boss at the lower end of the core tube 9.

In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 4 is further provided with a plurality of inner cylinder upper vent holes 13, a plurality of inner cylinder lower vent holes 14, and an inner cylinder boss 15; the plurality of inner cylinder upper vent holes 13 and inner cylinder lower vent holes 14 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the inner cylinder 4; a gap is reserved between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 4 to form an annular channel;

the piston 5 is provided with a piston upper boss 17, a piston lower boss 19, a piston groove 18 and a piston impact head 16; the upper piston boss 17 and the inner cylinder boss 15 form a front air chamber; the lower piston boss 19 and the inner cylinder boss 15 form a rear air chamber. Specifically, the piston 5, the inner cylinder 4 and the core tube 9 form a front air chamber and a rear air chamber through annular gaps among the piston upper boss 17, the piston groove 18, the piston lower boss 19 and the inner cylinder boss 15. When the piston 5 reciprocates in the inner cylinder 4, the upper vent hole 13 and the lower vent hole 14 of the inner cylinder are intermittently communicated with the front air chamber and the rear air chamber;

the lower end of the inner cylinder 4 is positioned by the cylindrical surface and the step inside the outer cylinder 2, and the upper end of the inner cylinder 4 is matched with the outer cylindrical surface and the step of the core tube 9 to realize positioning; the up-and-down movement of the piston 5 causes the inner cylinder upper vent hole 13, the inner cylinder lower vent hole 14, the inner cylinder boss 15 of the inner cylinder 4 to be matched with the cylindrical surface of the piston upper boss 17, the cylindrical surface of the piston groove 18 and the cylindrical surface of the piston lower boss 19 of the piston 5, so that the opening and closing of the inner cylinder upper vent hole 13 and the inner cylinder lower vent hole 14 are realized, and the pressure of the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the inner cylinder 4 is controlled.

In some embodiments, the end surface of the outer cylinder 2, which is close to the inner cylinder 4, is provided with a bushing 10 and a semicircular clip 11 in sequence; the semicircular clamp 11 realizes the axial limit of the drill bit 12;

the outer cylinder 2 is connected with the drill bit 12 through a spline housing 6, the spline housing 6 is provided with a spline, and the drill bit 12 is connected through the spline to prevent the phenomenon of idle driving; the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is connected with a spline housing 6, and the side surface of the spline housing 6 is also provided with an auxiliary assembly and disassembly Kong Fangbian for the outer cylinder 2 and the spline housing 6; the spline housing 6 is connected with the drill bit 12 in a spline manner, axial limiting is achieved through the semicircular clamp 11, the upper end of the drill bit 12 is arranged inside the spline, and in addition, the semicircular clamp 11 can ensure that the drill bit 12 cannot fall to the bottom of a well during drill taking.

When in use, the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 are respectively connected with the upper joint 1 and the spline housing 6, and the inner cylinder 4, the piston 5, the core tube 9 and the bushing 10 are all arranged in the outer cylinder 2; the twisting moment provided by the ground drilling machine is also transmitted to the down-the-hole hammer outer cylinder 2 through the drill rod of the double-wall drilling tool and further transmitted to the drill bit 12 through the spline sleeve 6 in a spline connection mode, so that the drill bit 12 can rotate normally.

The high-pressure gas enters the upper joint 1 through a drill rod of the double-wall drilling tool after exiting from the air compressor, pushes the check valve 3 open, then enters an annular gap between the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 2, and then enters the inside of the piston 5 through an inner cylinder upper vent hole 13 on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4, so that the piston 5 is pushed to perform axial reciprocating motion at high frequency, and the periodic high-frequency impact acting force of the piston 5 on the drill bit 12 is performed through the mechanism of the piston 5, the inner cylinder 4, the outer cylinder 2 and the core tube 9, and the acting force is transmitted to the contact surface of the drill bit 12 and rock by the drill bit 12, so that intermittent high-frequency impact on the rock is realized.

The check valve 3 is opened through the clearance between the air distribution pipe and the upper joint 1 to push the core pipe 9 to move downwards, the air distribution step 8 of the core pipe 9 is located on the inner cylinder boss 15, at this time, the top of the piston 5 blocks the air vent 13 on the inner cylinder, the compressed air is forced to enter the clearance between the piston 5 and the outer cylinder 2 through the air vent 14 on the lower cylinder, the air can not flow smoothly because the clearance between the lower part of the piston 5 and the bushing 10 is very small, and meanwhile, the air pressure causes the piston 5 to move upwards because of the existence of the upper piston boss 17, the piston groove 18 and the lower piston boss 19.

The piston 5 continues to move upwards by inertia, so that the annular space between the piston 5 and the air distribution step 8 of the core tube 9 is smaller and the pressure between the piston 5 and the air distribution step 8 is larger and larger, and finally the pressure at the lower part of the air distribution step 8 is larger than the pressure at the upper part, so that the air distribution step 8 is jacked up, at the moment, the air discharged through the lower vent hole 14 of the inner cylinder is blocked by the upper boss 17 of the piston, the piston groove 18 and the lower boss 19 of the piston, and cannot flow, so that the compressed air is forced to enter the lower part of the air distribution step 8 from the space between the air distribution step 8 and the boss 15 of the inner cylinder, and meanwhile, the lower part of the piston 5 is also lifted from the bushing 10. The compressed air in the air distribution stage is smoothly discharged from the clearance between the drill bit 12 and the bushing 10 and the front joint through the spline housing 6 on the drill bit 12, so that the pressure difference exists between the upper and lower sides of the piston 5 to push the piston 5 to descend and impact the drill bit 12. Thus, the air is introduced and exhausted, so that the piston 5 continuously reciprocates up and down, and the drilling operation of the continuous percussion bit 12 is realized.

The pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for the life rescue hole provided by the utility model is described in detail above. The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to aid in understanding the method of the present utility model and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the utility model can be made without departing from the principles of the utility model and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as defined in the following claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a life rescue hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer, is applied to double-walled drilling tool, including top connection (1), outer jar (2) and drill bit (12), its characterized in that: one end of the outer cylinder (2) is connected with the upper joint (1), and the other end of the outer cylinder (2) is connected with the drill bit (12); the other end of the upper joint (1) is connected with a double-wall drilling tool; one end of the core tube (9) close to the upper joint (1) is provided with a check valve (3);

an inner cylinder (4) is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder (2); a core pipe (9) is arranged in the inner cylinder (4) in a penetrating way and used for deslagging; one end of the core tube (9) is communicated with a drill rod central channel of the double-wall drilling tool; the other end of the core tube (9) is communicated with a central channel of the drill bit (12);

a piston (5) is movably arranged between the core tube (9) and the inner cylinder (4).

2. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 1, wherein:

the core tube (9) is a reducing body, and an air distribution step (8) is arranged around the core tube (9); the lower end of the core tube (9) is connected with the piston (5) in a sliding way through different circumferential surfaces.

3. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 2, wherein:

one end of the core tube (9) of the upper joint (1) close to the upper joint is internally provided with a 15-degree sealing inclined plane to form a seal with the check valve (3).

4. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 3, wherein:

a sealing ring (7) is arranged between the upper joint (1) and the check valve (3).

5. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 4, wherein:

the inner cylinder (4) is also provided with a plurality of inner cylinder upper vent holes (13), a plurality of inner cylinder lower vent holes (14) and an inner cylinder boss (15); the plurality of upper vent holes (13) and lower vent holes (14) of the inner cylinder are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the inner cylinder (4); a gap is reserved between the outer cylinder (2) and the inner cylinder (4) to form an annular channel.

6. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 5, wherein:

the piston (5) is provided with a piston upper boss (17), a piston lower boss (19), a piston groove (18) and a piston impact head (16); the upper boss (17) of the piston and the boss (15) of the inner cylinder form a front air chamber; the lower piston boss (19) and the inner cylinder boss (15) form a rear air chamber.

7. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 6, wherein:

the end face of the outer cylinder (2) close to the inner cylinder (4) is provided with a lining (10) and a semicircle clamp (11) in sequence.

8. A life-saving hole pneumatic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer as defined in claim 7, wherein:

the outer cylinder (2) is connected with the drill bit (12) through a spline housing (6), and the spline housing (6) is provided with splines.