CN219965880U - Efficient cleaning device for interior of pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of pipeline cleaning equipment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency pipeline interior cleaning device which comprises a cleaning device body, wherein a cleaning mechanism, a liquid spraying assembly, a rotation driving mechanism, a traveling mechanism and a jacking mechanism are sequentially arranged on the cleaning device body along the traveling direction of the cleaning device body, the cleaning mechanism comprises a movable telescopic adjusting assembly, a cleaning plate is arranged on the periphery of the adjusting assembly, the rotation driving mechanism comprises a shell, a hollow shaft motor is arranged in the shell, a rotating rod is arranged at one end of the hollow shaft motor, the liquid spraying assembly comprises a fixed disc arranged at the end part of the rotating rod, a mounting disc is arranged on the periphery of the fixed disc, a spray head is arranged in the mounting disc, a water conveying pipe is arranged on one side of the spray head, and a fastening mechanism is arranged on the end cover. The utility model integrates the functions of flushing and shoveling, reduces labor intensity, improves working process, saves time and labor, ensures cleaning effect and fully meets production and use requirements.

Description

Efficient cleaning device for interior of pipeline

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of pipeline cleaning equipment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency pipeline interior cleaning device.

Background

Pipes are devices for transporting gas, liquid or fluid with solid particles, which are coupled by pipes, pipe couplings, valves, etc. In general, after the fluid is pressurized by a blower, a compressor, a pump, a boiler, etc., the fluid flows from a high pressure place to a low pressure place of a pipeline, and the fluid can be conveyed by the pressure or gravity of the fluid. The piping is used in a wide variety of applications, mainly in water supply, water drainage, heat supply, gas supply, long distance transportation of petroleum and natural gas, agricultural irrigation, hydraulic engineering and various industrial devices.

At present, for the pipeline after the welding processing, a large amount of impurities such as welding slag and the like are remained in the pipeline, and in order to ensure that the pipeline has good use functionality, it is necessary to carry out corresponding cleaning work in the pipeline; in the prior art, the cleaning mode commonly adopted is high-pressure water flushing or circulating water flushing, which can play a certain cleaning role, but can only flush away the impurities on the inner wall of the pipeline, and the cleaning effect is poor and incomplete for the impurities adhered or adhered on the inner wall of the pipeline, so that people need to remove the impurities on the inner wall of the pipeline by means of tools, the cleaning mode also needs secondary flushing and cleaning, the labor intensity of people is greatly increased, the time and labor are wasted, and for long-distance pipelines, the cleaning and flushing operations have certain working difficulty, and the use requirement cannot be better met.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the utility model provides the efficient pipeline interior cleaning device which has reasonable design, simple structure, convenient processing and capability of integrating flushing and shoveling functions, greatly reduces the labor intensity of people, improves the working process, saves time and labor, fully ensures the cleaning effect of the interior of a pipeline, ensures the use performance and effectively meets the production, processing and use requirements.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that the efficient cleaning device for the interior of the pipeline comprises a cleaning device body, wherein the cleaning device body is sequentially provided with a cleaning mechanism, a spray assembly, a rotation driving mechanism, a travelling mechanism and a jacking mechanism along the travelling direction of the cleaning device body, the cleaning mechanism comprises a movable telescopic adjusting assembly, the periphery of the adjusting assembly is provided with a cleaning plate, one side of the cleaning plate is in an arc conical design, the rotation driving mechanism comprises a shell, one side of the shell is provided with an end cover, a hollow shaft motor is arranged in the shell, one end of the hollow shaft motor is provided with a rotating rod, the spray assembly comprises a fixed disc arranged at the end part of the rotating rod, the periphery of the fixed disc is provided with a mounting disc, a spray head is arranged in the mounting disc, one side of the spray head is provided with a water pipe, the hollow shaft motor is internally provided with a water inlet pipe and is connected with the rotating rod in a linkage assembly, the periphery of the linkage assembly is provided with a roller, and the end cover is provided with a fastening mechanism.

Preferably, the adjusting component comprises a rotating plate hinged with one end of the rotating rod and the inner side of the cleaning plate respectively, an adjusting plate is arranged on the rotating rod, connecting plates are movably connected to the adjusting plate and hinged with the rotating plate, limiting blocks are arranged on the periphery of the adjusting plate between two adjacent connecting plates corresponding to the mounting plate, and locking screws are arranged on the periphery of the adjusting plate between two adjacent connecting plates perpendicular to the limiting blocks.

Preferably, the linkage assembly comprises a placing disc positioned at one end in the shell, a rotating disc is arranged at the geometric center of the placing disc, a linkage rod designed in an L shape is arranged at the corner of the rotating disc, a sliding groove designed in a cross shape is formed in the placing disc, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and hinged to the end of the linkage rod, a supporting rod used for bearing rollers is arranged at the outer side of the sliding block, and a hydraulic ejector rod is arranged between the two sliding blocks arranged in a diagonal shape.

Preferably, the jacking mechanism comprises a jacking rod, one end of the jacking rod is provided with a screw head, and the other end of the jacking rod is internally provided with a threaded hole.

Preferably, one side of the end cover is provided with a connecting sleeve, the fastening mechanism comprises a sleeve connected with the connecting sleeve, a slotted hole is formed in the sleeve, spiral teeth are arranged on the inner side wall of the sleeve on one half of the slotted hole, a locking disc which is screwed in cooperation with the spiral teeth is arranged in the sleeve, a tight propping hole which is in a conical design is formed in the lower end of the inner side wall of the locking disc, a clamping piece is arranged in the sleeve on the other half of the slotted hole, the clamping piece comprises a plurality of tight propping elastic pieces which are in elastic expansion performance and are in a 7-shaped design, the tight propping elastic pieces are annularly and uniformly distributed, and the outer sides of the tight propping elastic pieces after being matched are in a conical table shape and are matched with the tight propping holes.

Preferably, the lower end in the end cover is provided with a water guide pipe in a penetrating way, and a rotatable rotary joint is arranged between the water guide pipe and the water inlet pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that,

1. according to the efficient cleaning device for the interior of the pipeline, provided by the utility model, the cleaning plate with one end in a conical shape can be used for removing impurities adhered to the interior of the pipeline, and on the other hand, convenience is provided for cleaning the interior of the pipeline, so that the cleaning effect of the interior of the pipeline is ensured, and the working process is improved; the spray assembly is arranged, so that the cleaning water can be sprayed in the pipeline in advance, the cleaning effect is achieved to a certain extent, the forming quality of the workpiece is ensured, and the workpiece has good use functionality; through the rotation driving mechanism, no dead angle is realized for cleaning the inside of the pipeline, the use requirement is met, and meanwhile, convenience is provided for conveying cleaning water; through the running mechanism, the running mechanism can adapt to the interior of pipelines with different specifications and sizes to run, so that the continuity of cleaning work is ensured, and the practicability is strong; the device has reasonable design, simple structure and convenient processing, can collect scouring and shoveling functions into a whole, greatly reduces the labor intensity of people, improves the working process, saves time and labor, fully ensures the cleaning effect of the inside of the pipeline, ensures the use performance and effectively meets the production, processing and use requirements.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high efficiency pipe interior cleaning apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an alternative view of an efficient pipe interior cleaning apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the internal structure of a high-efficiency pipe internal cleaning apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a partial internal structural elevation view of the efficient pipe interior cleaning apparatus;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 4;

in the above figures, 1, a cleaning device body; 2. a cleaning mechanism; 3. an adjustment assembly; 31. a rotating plate; 32. an adjusting plate; 33. a connecting plate; 34. a limiting block; 35. locking the screw rod; 4. a cleaning plate; 5. a rotation driving mechanism; 51. a housing; 52. an end cap; 521. a connection sleeve; 53. a hollow shaft motor; 54. a rotating rod; 6. a spray assembly; 61. a fixed plate; 62. a mounting plate; 63. a spray head; 64. a water pipe; 65. a water inlet pipe; 7. a travel mechanism; 71. a roller; 72. placing a tray; 721. a chute; 73. a rotating disc; 74. a linkage rod; 75. a slide block; 76. a brace rod; 77. a hydraulic ejector rod; 8. a push rod; 81. a screw head; 82. a threaded hole; 9. a fastening mechanism; 91. a sleeve; 911. a slot hole; 912. spiral teeth; 92. a locking disc; 921. a tightening hole; 93. abutting against the spring plate; 10. a water conduit; 11. and (5) rotating the joint.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be more clearly understood, a further description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, however, the present utility model may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, an efficient cleaning device for cleaning the interior of a pipeline includes a cleaning device body 1, specifically: the cleaning device body 1 is sequentially provided with a cleaning mechanism 2, a liquid spraying component 6, a rotary driving mechanism 5, a travelling mechanism 7 and a jacking mechanism along the travelling direction, wherein the cleaning mechanism 2 comprises an adjusting component 3 which can be movably and telescopically adjusted, and convenience is provided for adapting to the interior of pipelines with different specifications and sizes to carry out cleaning work; the periphery of the adjusting component 3 is provided with the cleaning plate 4, one side of the cleaning plate 4 is in an arc conical design, the cleaning plate is used for completing the shoveling of impurities adhered to the inside of a pipeline in the advancing process of equipment, the cleaning work is more thorough, a groove can be formed in the periphery of the cleaning plate 4 in consideration of the cleaning effect of the inside of the pipeline, and cleaning cloth (not shown in the figure) is placed in the groove, so that after flushing and the impurities are shoveled, the cleaning cloth can wipe the inside of the pipeline, the cleaning effect is improved, and the use functionality is strong; in order to avoid the occurrence of cleaning dead angles, the rotation driving mechanism 5 comprises a shell 51, an end cover 52 is arranged on one side of the shell 51, a hollow shaft motor 53 is arranged in the shell 51, and a rotating rod 54 is arranged at one end of the hollow shaft motor 53, which is specifically described as follows: the rotating rod 54 provides stable and reliable setting positions for the cleaning mechanism 2 and the liquid spraying component 6 on one hand, ensures effective cleaning work, can drive the cleaning mechanism 2 to rotate for cleaning on the other hand, reduces cleaning dead angles while ensuring cleaning effect, has strong usability, and meanwhile, provides convenience for cleaning water conveyed by the liquid spraying component 6 for the rotating rod 54 by the hollow shaft motor 53, and the working principle and the working mode of the hollow shaft motor 53 are the existing mature and conventional technical means, so that the cleaning mechanism can be effectively known and understood by a person skilled in the art, and specific details are not repeated; in order to effectively finish the flushing of the inside of the pipeline, the liquid spraying assembly 6 comprises a fixed disc 61 arranged at the end part of the rotating rod 54, a mounting disc 62 is arranged on the periphery of the fixed disc 61, a spray head 63 is arranged in the mounting disc 62, a water conveying pipe 64 is arranged on one side of the spray head 63, a water inlet pipe 65 is arranged in the hollow shaft motor 53 and penetrates through the rotating rod 54 and is connected with the water conveying pipe 64, and the liquid spraying assembly is specifically described as follows: the water inlet pipe 65 is connected with the water guide pipe 10, so that convenience and fluxion of clean water introduction are ensured, convenience is provided for carrying out subsequent processing work, the two branched water guide pipes 64 are used for guiding out the clean water introduced in the water inlet pipe 65 in a split manner and spraying the clean water through the spray heads 63, and of course, the spray heads 63 can spray liquid at 360 degrees, so that the clean water can be effectively sprayed on the inside of a pipeline, and corresponding flushing work is completed; further, in order to enable the device equipment to effectively travel in the pipeline and ensure continuous cleaning, the traveling mechanism 7 comprises a linkage assembly which can drive the roller 71 to freely stretch upwards in the prescription direction so as to adapt to the interior of the pipeline with different specifications and sizes, the use function of the device equipment is improved, the roller 71 is arranged on the periphery of the linkage assembly and can bear the whole load of the device equipment, and the traveling stability and smoothness of the device equipment in the pipeline are ensured; the end cover 52 is provided with a fastening mechanism 9 which plays a role in further fastening the stable connection between the ejector rod 8 and the device equipment component, so as to ensure the smoothness of the device equipment in the jacking operation;

in the above process: the cleaning plate 4 with one conical end can be used for shoveling impurities adhered to the inside of the pipeline, and on the other hand, the cleaning plate also provides convenience for cleaning the inside of the pipeline, ensures the cleaning effect of the inside of the pipeline and improves the working process; the spray assembly 6 is arranged, so that the cleaning water can be sprayed in advance to the interior of the pipeline, the cleaning effect is achieved to a certain extent, the forming quality of the workpiece is ensured, and the workpiece has good use functionality; through the rotation driving mechanism 5, no dead angle for cleaning the inside of the pipeline is realized, the use requirement is met, and meanwhile, convenience is provided for conveying clean water; through the arranged travelling mechanism 7, the cleaning device can be adapted to the interior of pipelines with different specifications and sizes for travelling, thereby ensuring the continuity of cleaning operation and having strong practicability; the device has reasonable design, simple structure and convenient processing, can collect scouring and shoveling functions into a whole, greatly reduces the labor intensity of people, improves the working process, saves time and labor, fully ensures the cleaning effect of the inside of the pipeline, ensures the use performance and effectively meets the production, processing and use requirements.

In order to meet the requirement that the device equipment can adapt to the inner walls of pipelines with different specifications and sizes to carry out corresponding cleaning work, the adjusting component 3 comprises a rotating plate 31 hinged with one end of a rotating rod 54 and the inner side of the cleaning plate 4 respectively, the rotating rod 54 is provided with an adjusting plate 32, the adjusting plate 32 is movably connected with a connecting plate 33 and hinged with the rotating plate 31, the periphery of the adjusting plate 32 between two adjacent connecting plates 33 corresponding to the mounting plate 62 is provided with a limiting block 34, and the periphery of the adjusting plate 32 between two adjacent connecting plates 33 perpendicular to the limiting block 34 is provided with a locking screw 35, which is specifically described as follows: people in advance according to the size of pipeline inner wall, through the position that adjusts adjustment dish 32, drive connecting plate 33 and rotate rather than taking place, and then drive rotation plate 31 and rotate to being close to or keeping away from the direction of bull stick 54 to adjust the different positions that clean board 4 was located, ensure that clean board 4 can effectively laminate on the pipeline inner wall, guaranteed clean effect, improved the service function of device equipment greatly, satisfied different user demands.

In order to ensure that the travelling mechanism 7 has good use functionality and is suitable for moving and travelling of pipelines with different specifications and sizes, the linkage assembly comprises a placing disc 72 positioned at one end in the shell 51, a rotating disc 73 is arranged at the geometric center of the placing disc 72, a linkage rod 74 in an L-shaped design is arranged at the corner of the rotating disc 73, a chute 721 in a cross-shaped design is arranged in the placing disc 72, a sliding block 75 is arranged in the chute 721 and hinged with the end part of the linkage rod 74, a stay bar 76 for bearing the roller 71 is arranged at the outer side of the sliding block 75, and a hydraulic ejector rod 877 is arranged between the two diagonally-arranged sliding blocks 75, and is specifically described as follows: the rotating disc 73 is of a cube-shaped design and can rotate relative to the placing disc 72, when the hydraulic ejector rod 877 operates, input power acts on the sliding blocks 75 which are diagonally arranged and moves relative to the sliding grooves 721, meanwhile, the linkage rod 74 can rotate relative to the rotating disc 73 and the sliding blocks 75 on one hand, on the other hand, the rotating disc 73 can rotate relative to the placing disc 72, convenience of each equipment part in the operation and use process is guaranteed, and motion interference phenomenon is prevented, so that the supporting rod 76 and the roller 71 parts can be driven to move in the direction away from or close to the shell 51 by controlling the extension and contraction of the hydraulic ejector rod 877, so that the pipeline with different specifications is adapted, and the smoothness of the equipment in the operation and use process is guaranteed.

In order to ensure that the cleaning device body 1 can travel for a long distance relative to a pipeline, the jacking mechanism comprises a push rod 8, one end of the push rod 8 is provided with a screw head 81, the other end of the push rod 8 is internally provided with a threaded hole 82, that is, people can freely select different numbers of push rods 8 according to the cleaning length of the pipeline, and for the connection between adjacent push rods 8, the screw head 81 and the threaded hole 82 are connected by virtue of threads, so that the cleaning device is simple and convenient to operate and has strong use functionality; what needs to be further explained is: for the power of the cleaning device body 1, the pushing ejector rod 8 can be manually pushed, and in consideration of the fact that the labor intensity of people is relatively high in the mode, pushing equipment (such as a hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic cylinder or an electric telescopic rod) can be fixedly arranged at a proper position in an alternative mode, so that the pushing power is conveyed instead of manually, and the cleaning work is effectively carried out.

In order to stably connect the ejector rod 8 and the device parts, a connecting sleeve 521 is arranged on one side of the end cover 52, the fastening mechanism 9 comprises a sleeve 91 connected with the connecting sleeve 521, a slotted hole 911 is formed in the sleeve 91, and convenience is provided for the establishment of the device parts; the screw teeth 912 are arranged on the inner side wall of the sleeve 91 positioned at one half part of the slot hole 911, the locking disk 92 which is matched with the screw teeth 912 in a screwing way is arranged in the sleeve 91, and the locking cooperation between the locking disk 92 and the screw teeth 912 is similar to the connection working principle of a bottle cap and a bottle body in the prior art, so that the connection is reliable, the operation is simple and convenient, and the practicability is strong; the lower end of the inner side wall of the locking disc 92 is provided with a conical abutting hole 921 which is used for limiting the clamping piece, ensuring that the clamping piece can be fully attached to the ejector rod 8, and completing locking; be provided with the chucking spare in the sleeve 91 that is located slotted hole 911 opposite side half, the chucking spare includes a plurality of tight shell fragment 93 that support that have elasticity flexible performance and are "7" word form design, and a plurality of tight shell fragment 93 are cyclic annular evenly arranged, and the outside after its cooperation is the toper platform form to with support tight hole 921 looks adaptation, of course, to the geometric center department after a plurality of tight shell fragment 93 cooperation be have the through-hole of being convenient for ejector pin 8 male, in order to satisfy the user demand, concretely described as: the connecting sleeve 521 is provided with a connecting hole in the interior of the connecting sleeve 521, which is suitable for the screw head 81, namely, when the ejector rod 8 is installed, the connecting sleeve 521 is screwed with the connecting sleeve 521 in advance, and then the connecting sleeve 521 is further fastened by the fastening mechanism 9, so that the stability is ensured; for the fastening means 9 set up: during the use process: after the ejector rod 8 is connected with the connecting sleeve 521 in advance, the locking disc 92 is screwed, one side of the locking disc, which is provided with the abutting hole 921, is gradually close to the periphery of the clamping piece, so that the clamping piece is compressed towards the direction close to the ejector rod 8, the fastening mechanism 9 can be effectively attached to the periphery of the ejector rod 8, the locking fastening of the clamping piece is completed, the stability of connection between devices is guaranteed, when the ejector rod 8 is taken down, the locking disc 92 is reversely screwed, the clamping piece stretches outwards under the action of the self performance of the clamping piece, and the locking of a workpiece is released, so that the use requirement is met.

In order to improve the rationality of the design of the device, the lower end in the end cover 52 is provided with a water guide pipe 10 in a penetrating way, and a rotatable rotary joint 11 is arranged between the water guide pipe 10 and the water inlet pipe 65, specifically described as follows: the water guide pipe 10 is connected with external water delivery equipment, so that effective introduction of clean water is ensured, and through the arranged rotary joint 11, smooth introduction of the clean water is ensured in the rotating process of the rotating rod 54, the cleaning mechanism 2 and the liquid spraying assembly 6, that is, the water guide pipe 10 ensures smooth input of the external clean water, and the conveying conductivity and stability of the clean water into the water delivery pipe 64 are ensured by means of the establishment of the rotary joint 11, so that the use requirement is met.

The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present utility model without departing from the technical content of the present utility model still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an inside cleaning device of efficient pipeline, includes the cleaning device body, its characterized in that, the cleaning device body has set gradually cleaning mechanism, hydrojet subassembly, rotation actuating mechanism, advancing mechanism and jack-in mechanism along its advancing direction, cleaning mechanism includes movable flexible adjusting part that adjusts, adjusting part's periphery is provided with the cleaning plate, one side of cleaning plate is arcuation toper design, rotation actuating mechanism includes the casing, casing one side is provided with the end cover, be provided with the hollow shaft motor in the casing, hollow shaft motor one end is provided with the bull stick, hydrojet subassembly is including setting up the fixed disk at the bull stick tip, the fixed disk periphery is provided with the mounting disc, be provided with the shower nozzle in the mounting disc, shower nozzle one side is provided with the raceway, be provided with the inlet tube in the hollow shaft motor, and link up in the bull stick and be connected with the raceway, advancing mechanism includes the subassembly, the periphery of cleaning plate is provided with the gyro wheel, be provided with fastening mechanism on the end cover.

2. The efficient cleaning device for the interior of a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a rotating plate hinged with one end of a rotating rod and the inner side of a cleaning plate respectively, an adjusting plate is arranged on the rotating rod, connecting plates are movably connected to the adjusting plate and hinged with the rotating plate, limiting blocks are arranged on the periphery of the adjusting plate between two adjacent connecting plates corresponding to the mounting plate, and locking screws are arranged on the periphery of the adjusting plate between two adjacent connecting plates perpendicular to the limiting blocks.

3. The efficient cleaning device for the interior of a pipeline according to claim 2, wherein the linkage assembly comprises a placing disc positioned at one end in the shell, a rotating disc is arranged at the geometric center of the placing disc, a linkage rod designed in an L shape is arranged at the corner of the rotating disc, a chute designed in a cross shape is arranged in the placing disc, a sliding block is arranged in the chute and hinged with the end part of the linkage rod, a supporting rod used for bearing rollers is arranged at the outer side of the sliding block, and a hydraulic ejector rod is arranged between the two sliding blocks arranged in a diagonal shape.

4. The efficient cleaning apparatus for the interior of a pipe according to claim 3, wherein the jacking mechanism comprises a jacking rod, one end of the jacking rod is provided with a screw head, and the other end of the jacking rod is internally provided with a threaded hole.

5. The efficient cleaning device for the interior of a pipeline according to claim 4, wherein a connecting sleeve is arranged on one side of the end cover, the fastening mechanism comprises a sleeve connected with the connecting sleeve, a slotted hole is formed in the sleeve, spiral teeth are arranged on the inner side wall of the sleeve positioned on one half of the slotted hole, a locking disc which is matched with the spiral teeth in a screwing mode is arranged in the sleeve, a tight supporting hole which is in a conical design is formed in the lower end of the inner side wall of the locking disc, a clamping piece is arranged in the sleeve positioned on the other half of the slotted hole, the clamping piece comprises a plurality of tight supporting elastic pieces which are in elastic expansion performance and are in a 7-shaped design, the tight supporting elastic pieces are evenly distributed in a ring shape, and the outer side of the matched tight supporting elastic pieces is in a conical table shape and is matched with the tight supporting hole.

6. The efficient cleaning apparatus for a pipeline interior according to claim 5, wherein a water conduit is provided through a lower end of the end cap, and a rotatable swivel is provided between the water conduit and the water inlet pipe.