CN219960277U - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a motor, and relates to the technical field of motors. The motor comprises a rotor, a stator, a rotating shaft and a heat dissipation disc; the heat dissipation disc and the rotor are connected with the rotating shaft, and the heat dissipation disc is positioned at one axial end of the rotor; the motor further comprises an air inlet air passage and a heat dissipation air passage, wherein the heat dissipation air passage extends from the center of the heat dissipation disc to the peripheral side wall, an exhaust port of the heat dissipation air passage is formed at the peripheral side wall of the heat dissipation disc, and the exhaust port is arranged towards the winding end part of the stator; one end of the air inlet air passage is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air passage, which is far away from the air outlet, and the other end of the air inlet air passage is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is positioned on one side of the heat dissipation disc, which is far away from the rotor, and is used for being communicated with the air outlet on one side, which is far away from the rotor. Through the arrangement of the heat dissipation air passage and the air inlet air passage, the circulating air flow is mainly used for intensively dissipating heat of the winding end part, so that the winding end part of the stator which is relatively high in temperature and difficult to dissipate heat in the motor can be cooled.

Description

Motor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor.

Background

The motor is widely applied to various aspects of production and life. For example, in motor vehicles, in particular in new energy vehicles, a plurality of electric motors are used as drive devices.

The motor can continuously generate heat when in operation, and in some technologies, the motor is subjected to heat radiation structural design, such as fan heat radiation, water cooling heat radiation and the like, but the heat radiation effects of the heat radiation modes are limited, and the situation that the temperature of a partial area is higher exists, specifically, the problem that the heat radiation of the winding end part of the stator is difficult exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the problem of how to improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor in the related technology to a certain extent.

In order to solve at least one aspect of the above problems, at least to some extent, the present utility model provides an electric machine including a rotor, a stator, a rotating shaft, and a heat dissipating plate; the heat dissipation disc and the rotor are connected with the rotating shaft, and the heat dissipation disc is positioned at one axial end of the rotor;

the motor further comprises an air inlet air passage and a heat dissipation air passage, wherein the heat dissipation air passage extends from the center of the heat dissipation disc to the peripheral side wall, an exhaust port of the heat dissipation air passage is formed at the peripheral side wall of the heat dissipation disc, and the exhaust port is arranged towards the winding end part of the stator;

one end of the air inlet air passage is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air passage, which is far away from the air outlet, and the other end of the air inlet air passage is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is positioned on one side of the heat dissipation disc, which is far away from the rotor, and is used for being communicated with the air outlet on one side, which is far away from the rotor.

Optionally, the air inlet channel is disposed on the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the air inlet air channel comprises a first communication section and a second communication section, the first communication section extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the second communication section extends from the center of the rotating shaft to the peripheral side wall, one end of the second communication section is communicated with the first communication section, and the other end of the second communication section is communicated with the heat dissipation air channel;

the air inlet is formed at the axial end face and/or the circumferential side wall of the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the air inlet air flue further comprises a third communication section, the third communication section extends from the center of the rotating shaft to the peripheral side wall, one end of the third communication section is communicated with the first communication section, the other end of the third communication section forms a communication port, and the communication port is located at the middle position of the rotor in the axial direction.

Optionally, a first air gap is formed between the radial inner wall of the rotor and the rotating shaft, the first air gap extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the first air gap is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air channel, which is far away from the exhaust port; the communication port communicates with the first air gap.

Optionally, the plurality of heat dissipation air flue is followed the circumference distribution of heat dissipation dish, just the heat dissipation air flue is followed the radial of heat dissipation dish is from inside to outside and is the heliciform extension, the direction that the heat dissipation air flue from inside to outside rotated is opposite with the direction of rotation of heat dissipation dish.

Optionally, a plurality of blades are formed on the end face of the heat dissipation disc, which faces the rotor, and the blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc and extend in an arc shape from inside to outside along the radial direction of the heat dissipation disc;

the blades face the end face of the rotor and are attached to the rotor, and heat dissipation air passages are formed between adjacent blades in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc.

Optionally, the heat dissipation air flue has a first side wall far away from the rotor in an axial direction, and a distance from the first side wall at the exhaust port to the rotor gradually increases along a direction approaching the exhaust port.

Optionally, the heat dissipation air channel has a first side wall far away from the rotor along the axial direction, and the distance from the first side wall at the air outlet to the rotor gradually increases along the direction close to the air outlet.

Optionally, the heat dissipation disc is used for forming a balance disc of the motor;

and/or, the two radiating discs are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor;

and/or, the motor further comprises a shell and a water cooling structure for cooling the shell, wherein the water cooling structure at least partially covers the axial middle position of the stator in a water cooling area of the shell.

Compared with the prior art, in the motor, the heat dissipation disc is arranged, the heat dissipation air passage is at least partially formed on the heat dissipation disc, the air outlet is formed at the radially outer end face of the heat dissipation disc, one end of the air inlet air passage is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air passage far away from the air outlet, the other end of the air inlet air passage is provided with the air inlet used for being communicated with the air outlet, the air inlet is positioned at one side of the heat dissipation disc far away from the rotor in the axial direction, when the rotor and the heat dissipation disc rotate, gas in the heat dissipation air passage is discharged through the air outlet under the action of centrifugal force, the gas discharged from the air outlet is blown to the winding end, after absorbing heat of the winding end, the heat is released at other positions such as the air inlet of the air inlet air passage, the gas at the air inlet is supplemented to the inner end of the heat dissipation air passage under the action of negative pressure, so that circulating air flow is formed, and the heat dissipation of the winding end is carried out. According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the heat dissipation air passage and the air intake air passage, the circulating air flow is mainly used for intensively dissipating heat of the winding end, so that the winding end which is relatively refractory and difficult to dissipate heat in the motor can be dissipated, the temperature of the winding end can be reduced, and the service performance of the motor is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipating plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat sink in FIG. 3 from another perspective;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a motor according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 5.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a rotor; 2-stator; 21-winding ends; 3-rotating shaft; 31-an air inlet passage; 301-a first communication section; 302-a second communication section; 303-a third communication section; 304-air inlet; 305-communication ports; 4-a heat dissipation plate; 41-a heat dissipation air passage; 411-exhaust port; 412-a first sidewall; 42-leaf; 43-inner bore; 5-a shell; 51-via holes; 52-a housing; 6-a first air gap.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.

The Z-axis in the drawing represents vertical, i.e., up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (i.e., the arrow of the Z-axis points) represents up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents down; the X-axis in the drawing indicates a horizontal direction and is designated as a left-right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (i.e., the arrow of the X-axis is directed) indicates a right side, and the negative direction of the X-axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) indicates a left side; the Y-axis in the drawing indicates the front-back position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (i.e., the arrow of the Y-axis is directed) indicates the front side, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) indicates the rear side; it should also be noted that the foregoing Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis are meant to be illustrative only and not indicative or implying that the apparatus or component in question must be oriented, configured or operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model. In the drawings, the Y-axis direction is identical to the axial direction of the rotor 1, and the "axial direction" is understood as the Y-axis direction unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a motor including a rotor 1, a stator 2, a rotating shaft 3, and a heat radiation plate 4; the heat dissipation disc 4 and the rotor 1 are connected with the rotating shaft 3, and the heat dissipation disc 4 is positioned at one axial end of the rotor 1;

the motor further includes an air intake duct 31 and a heat dissipation duct 41, the heat dissipation duct 41 extending from the center of the heat dissipation disk 4 to the peripheral side wall, and an air outlet 411 of the heat dissipation duct 41 being formed at the peripheral side wall of the heat dissipation disk 4, the air outlet 411 being provided toward the winding end 21 of the stator 2;

one end of the air inlet passage 31 communicates with one end of the heat dissipation passage 41 away from the air outlet 411, and the other end is formed with an air inlet 304, the air inlet 304 being located at a side of the heat dissipation plate 4 away from the rotor 1 and for communicating with the air outlet 411 at a side away from the rotor 1.

It should be noted that fig. 1 is mainly used to illustrate the relative positions of the rotor 1, the stator 2, the cooling disk 4, and the rotating shaft 3, and does not form a structural limitation on other parts of the motor, such as the housing 5.

The intake port 304 communicates with the exhaust port 411 on a side away from the rotor 1. The gas discharged from the exhaust port 411 may be communicated through the external environment, that is, the gas may flow out to the external environment of the motor through the through hole 51 and then flow into the gas inlet 304 through the external environment. Alternatively, a cycle is formed inside the motor without passing through the external environment, for example, a housing 52 is provided, the housing 52 housing an air inlet 304 provided at the axial end face of the through hole 51 and the rotating shaft 3, or an air inlet 304 described later is formed at the peripheral side wall of the rotating shaft 3, at which time the through hole 51 is not required to be provided.

Specifically, the heat dissipation air passage 41 is at least partially formed on the heat dissipation disc 4, and the heat dissipation air passage 41 is formed with an air outlet 411 at a radially outer end surface of the heat dissipation disc 4, the winding end 21 generally exceeds the end surface of the stator 2 by a distance, the end surface of the winding end 21, which is far away from the rotor 1 in the axial direction, is taken as a calibration end surface, the air outlet 411 is at least partially located at one side, close to the rotor 1, of the calibration end surface in the axial direction, and a certain space is generally formed between the circumferential side wall of the heat dissipation disc 4 and the winding end 21 in the radial direction, so that the air outlet of the air outlet 411 can pass through the winding end 21 for dissipating heat of the winding end 21.

In this way, the heat dissipation air passage 41 extends from the center of the heat dissipation disc 4 to the circumferential side wall, the air outlet 411 of the heat dissipation air passage 41 is formed at the circumferential side wall of the heat dissipation disc 4, one end of the air inlet air passage 31 is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air passage 41 far away from the air outlet 411, the other end of the air inlet air passage 31 is formed with the air inlet 304 for communicating with the air outlet 411, the air inlet 304 is positioned at one side of the heat dissipation disc 4 far away from the rotor 1 in the axial direction, when the rotor 1 and the heat dissipation disc 4 rotate, the air in the heat dissipation air passage 41 is discharged through the air outlet 411 due to the centrifugal force, the air discharged from the air outlet 411 is blown to the winding end 21, after absorbing heat of the winding end 21, the air is discharged at other positions such as the housing 5, and flows to the air inlet 304 of the air inlet air passage 31, the air inlet 304 is supplemented to the inner end of the heat dissipation air passage 41 due to the negative pressure, thereby forming a circulation air flow, and the heat dissipation of the winding end 21 is performed, for example, the circulation air flow path can refer to the path shown in fig. 2. In the utility model, the circulating air flow is mainly used for intensively radiating the winding end part 21 by arranging the radiating air passage 41 and the air inlet air passage 31, so that the winding end part 21 which is relatively refractory and difficult to radiate in the motor can be radiated, the temperature of the winding end part 21 can be reduced, and the service performance of the motor is improved. In particular, the usability of the motor can be improved when used in combination with other heat dissipation structures of the motor, such as a water cooling structure. Of course, in this process, the air in the heat dissipation air passage 41 can also dissipate heat to some extent from the end of the rotor 1, which will not be described in detail here.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, alternatively, two heat dissipation plates 4 are provided at both ends of the rotor 1, respectively.

Optionally, the motor further comprises a casing 5 and a water cooling structure for cooling the casing 5, wherein the water cooling structure at least partially covers the axial middle position of the stator 2 in the water cooling area of the casing 5.

Specifically, the water cooling structure may include a cooling water course, which may be formed on the cabinet 5 or provided outside the cabinet 5, which may employ a related art.

Taking the cooling plates 4 as two examples, the water cooling structure can be used for cooling the position of the casing 5 corresponding to the axial middle position of the stator 2, and the exhaust of the exhaust port 411 can be used for cooling the winding end part 21 of the stator 2, so that the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor can be improved, and the cruising ability of the motor can be improved.

Alternatively, the air intake duct 31 is provided on the rotating shaft 3.

That is, the intake air passage 31 is arranged with the rotary shaft 3.

In this way, the air inlet channel 31 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3, so that the position of the air inlet channel 31 is arranged according to actual needs, for example, the position of the air inlet 304 in the axial direction can be arranged according to actual needs, and the air (particularly the cooled air) can be conveniently supplemented through the air inlet 304 subsequently; on this basis, no external part is required to be additionally arranged to meet the arrangement requirement of the air inlet air passage 31, and the structure is simple and the practicability is strong.

Of course, in other embodiments, the air inlet channel 31 may be formed on the cooling plate 4, in which case the air inlet 304 is located on a side wall of the cooling plate remote from the rotor 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the intake air duct 31 may alternatively include a first communication section 301 extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and a second communication section 302 extending from the center of the rotating shaft 3 to the peripheral side wall, one end of the second communication section 302 communicating with the first communication section 301, and the other end communicating with the heat dissipation air duct 41.

At this time, as shown in fig. 2, an air inlet 304 is formed at an axial end face of the rotary shaft 3. Specifically, the other end of the second communication section 302 extends axially to the axial end face of the rotary shaft 3, and forms an air inlet 304.

In other modes, as shown in fig. 6, the air inlet 304 is formed at the peripheral side wall of the rotary shaft 3. For example, the air inlet 304 extends radially and communicates with the first communication section 301.

Of course, in some modes, it is also possible that the air inlets 304 are formed at the axial end face and the peripheral side wall of the rotating shaft 3, respectively, which is not limiting.

In this embodiment, at least a portion of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the first communication section 301 is provided as a hollow shaft section, and the second communication section 302 may extend along a radial direction of the hollow shaft section and penetrate through a side wall of the hollow shaft section, and communicate with the heat dissipation air passage 41 at the penetration.

In this way, the first communication section 301 extending along the axial direction is disposed on the rotating shaft 3, for example, the rotating shaft 3 is disposed as a hollow shaft and is communicated with the heat dissipation air channel 41 through the second communication section 302, so that the processing of the air inlet air channel 31 is conveniently completed, and the layout of the air inlet 304 is conveniently performed, for example, under the condition that the length of the rotating shaft 3 is not increased, the distance from the air inlet 304 to the communication position between the second communication section 302 and the heat dissipation air channel 41 can be increased as much as possible, so that the gas at the position of the winding end 21 can pass through a longer flow path or a diffusion path, and in the process, the gas and the casing 5 can be fully heat-exchanged and cooled, and the gas flows back through the air inlet 304 after being cooled, thereby being beneficial to improving the heat dissipation force of the motor to the winding end 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the shaft 3 is optionally provided at least in part as a hollow shaft, the hollow bore of which serves to form a first communication section 301; the air intake passage 31 further includes a third communication section 303, the third communication section 303 extends from the center of the rotating shaft 3 to the peripheral side wall, one end of the third communication section 303 communicates with the first communication section 301, the other end forms a communication port 305, and the communication port 305 is located at an axially middle position of the rotor 1. It should be appreciated that this intermediate position may be an area, which is not described in detail herein.

If the incoming air of the heat dissipation air duct 41 is required to originate from the second communication section 302 of the air intake air duct 31, the air tightness of the connection between the heat dissipation air duct 41 and the second communication section 302 needs to be enhanced as much as possible.

However, it should be understood that, on the one hand, it is difficult to achieve absolute airtight at the peripheral side of the connection between the heat dissipation air passage 41 and the second communication section 302, and the air discharged from the air outlet 411 may also be extracted from the air gap inside the rotor 1 to some extent, and in some cases, for example, when the heat dissipation discs 4 are provided at both axial ends of the rotor 1, the negative pressure inside the rotor 1 may be caused in extreme cases such as a higher rotation speed.

In this way, the central region of the radially inner end of the rotor 1 can be supplemented with gas on the side of the cooling disk 4 remote from the rotor 1, in particular at the gas inlet 304, by means of the third communication section 303 and the first communication section 301, so that the flowability of the gas inside the rotor 1 can be improved.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, further, due to structural characteristics and assembly of the rotor 1, a first air gap 6 is formed between the radially inner wall of the rotor 1 and the rotating shaft 3, and the first air gap 6 extends in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3.

For example, the first air gap 6 is a gap formed by key grooves on the rotating shaft 3 and integrally connected with keys on the rotor 1. Or it is a gap formed between the windings at the radially inner wall of the rotor 1 and the shaft 3. At this time, the first air gap 6 is provided in communication with the end of the heat dissipation air path 41 away from the exhaust port 411, and the communication port 305 is provided in communication with the first air gap 6. As shown in fig. 4, a key to be keyed with the key groove of the rotation shaft 3 is integrally formed at the inner hole 43 of the heat radiating plate 4.

At this time, the air inlet 304, the first communication section 301, the third communication section 303 and the first air gap 6 may form another smaller air inlet branch, so that auxiliary heat dissipation can be performed inside the rotor 1, the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor is improved, and negative pressure is avoided being formed in the central area of the radially inner end of the rotor 1.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, alternatively, a plurality of heat dissipation air passages 41 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc 4, and the heat dissipation air passages 41 extend in a spiral shape from inside to outside along the radial direction of the heat dissipation disc 4, and the direction in which the heat dissipation air passages 41 rotate from inside to outside is opposite to the rotation direction of the heat dissipation disc 4. It should be understood that at this time, the rotation direction of the heat dissipation plate 4 is the rotation direction of the heat dissipation plate 4 when the motor converts electric energy into mechanical energy.

Illustratively, a straight line passing through the inner end of the heat dissipation air channel 41 is drawn through the center of the heat dissipation disc 4, and the intersection point of the straight line and the outer end of the heat dissipation disc 4 is a calibration intersection point, and the exhaust ports 411 corresponding to the same heat dissipation air channel 41 are located behind the calibration intersection point along the rotation direction of the heat dissipation disc 4.

Thus, the plurality of heat dissipation air passages 41 form a centrifugal air passage, so that the air at each air passage can flow out conveniently by utilizing centrifugal force, the energy loss of stirring air is reduced, the mechanical loss of the motor is reduced, and the plurality of heat dissipation air passages 41 can improve the heat dissipation effect on the winding end part 21.

As shown in fig. 3, the end surface of the heat dissipation plate 4 facing the rotor 1 is formed with a plurality of blades 42, and the plurality of blades 42 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation plate 4 and extend in an arc shape from inside to outside along the radial direction of the heat dissipation plate 4;

the end surfaces of the blades 42 facing the rotor 1 are bonded to the rotor 1, and heat dissipation air passages 41 are formed between adjacent blades 42 in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation plate 4.

That is, a circumferentially closed heat dissipation air passage 41 (the circumferential direction can be understood as the direction surrounding the heat dissipation air passage 41) is formed between the heat dissipation disc 4 and the end face of the rotor 1, the closed heat dissipation air passage 41 is restrained, the wind direction at the air outlet 411 is concentrated, the air quantity is large, the heat dissipation from the winding end 21 can be accelerated, and the heat dissipation effect on the winding end 21 is improved.

Of course, it should be understood that the heat dissipation air passage 41 may be provided entirely on the heat dissipation plate 4, for example, the heat dissipation plate 4 may be provided in two parts, and the heat dissipation air passage 41 may be provided at the end face where the two parts are attached.

Alternatively, in the above-described embodiment, the plurality of heat dissipation air passages 41 communicate with the intake air passage 31, respectively.

For example, the number of the second communication sections 302 is identical to the number of the heat dissipation air passages 41, and a second communication section 302 is provided between the first communication section 301 and any heat dissipation air passage 41. At this time, the heat dissipation air passages 41 do not interfere with each other (not shown in this embodiment).

Alternatively, in the above-described embodiment, the plurality of heat dissipation air paths 41 communicate at one end away from the exhaust port 411, and communicate with the intake air path 31 at the communication.

As shown in fig. 3, each of the blades 42 is illustratively disposed along the inner end of the heat sink 4 at a spacing from the inner bore 43 of the heat sink 4 such that the spacing is such that each of the heat dissipation air passages 41 communicates. At this time, the number of the second communicating sections 302 can be reduced, thereby avoiding the provision of a large number of the second communicating sections 302 such that the structural strength of the rotary shaft 3 at the second communicating sections 302 is reduced.

Alternatively, the heat dissipation air passage 41 has a first side wall 412 distant from the rotor 1 in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 3, and the distance from the first side wall 412 at the exhaust port 411 to the rotor 1 gradually increases in the direction approaching the exhaust port 411.

Specifically, the first side wall 412 at the exhaust port 411 forms a guide surface that guides the gas in the heat dissipation air passage 41 to flow toward the side away from the rotor 1 in the axial direction of the heat dissipation plate 4, so that it can allow the gas discharged from the exhaust port 411 to blow out at the winding end 21, diffuse to, for example, the casing 5 for heat exchange.

Optionally, the heat sink 4 is a balancing disk of the motor.

That is, the heat dissipation plate 4 can achieve the function of a balance plate, and it should be understood that the structure of the balance plate for balancing may not interfere with the above-mentioned heat dissipation air passages 41, for example, the heat dissipation air passages 41 may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, or the heat dissipation air passages 41 may be configured to be unevenly distributed according to the balancing requirement, which will not be described in detail herein.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present specification, descriptions of the terms "embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustratively," and "one embodiment" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or embodiment is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same examples or implementations. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.

The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. As such, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Although the utility model is disclosed above, the scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and such changes and modifications would fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The motor is characterized by comprising a rotor (1), a stator (2), a rotating shaft (3) and a heat dissipation disc (4); the heat dissipation disc (4) and the rotor (1) are connected with the rotating shaft (3), and the heat dissipation disc (4) is positioned at one axial end of the rotor (1);

the motor further comprises an air inlet air passage (31) and a heat dissipation air passage (41), wherein the heat dissipation air passage (41) extends from the center of the heat dissipation disc (4) to the peripheral side wall, an exhaust port (411) of the heat dissipation air passage (41) is formed at the peripheral side wall of the heat dissipation disc (4), and the exhaust port (411) is arranged towards the winding end part (21) of the stator (2);

one end of the air inlet air passage (31) is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation air passage (41) away from the exhaust port (411), the other end of the air inlet air passage is provided with an air inlet (304), and the air inlet (304) is positioned on one side of the heat dissipation disc (4) away from the rotor (1) and is used for being communicated with the exhaust port (411) on one side away from the rotor (1).

2. An electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the air intake duct (31) is arranged on the rotating shaft (3).

3. The motor according to claim 2, wherein the intake air passage (31) includes a first communication section (301) and a second communication section (302), the first communication section (301) extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3), the second communication section (302) extending from the center of the rotating shaft (3) toward the peripheral side wall, one end of the second communication section (302) communicating with the first communication section (301), the other end communicating with the heat radiation air passage (41);

the air inlet (304) is formed at the axial end face and/or the peripheral side wall of the rotating shaft (3).

4. A motor according to claim 3, wherein the air intake passage (31) further comprises a third communication section (303), the third communication section (303) extending from the center of the rotating shaft (3) to the circumferential side wall, one end of the third communication section (303) being in communication with the first communication section (301), the other end forming a communication port (305), the communication port (305) being located at an axially intermediate position of the rotor (1).

5. The electric machine according to claim 4, characterized in that a first air gap (6) is formed between the radially inner wall of the rotor (1) and the rotating shaft (3), the first air gap (6) extending in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3), the first air gap (6) being in communication with an end of the heat dissipation air channel (41) remote from the exhaust port (411); the communication port (305) communicates with the first air gap (6).

6. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of the heat dissipation air passages (41) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc (4), and the heat dissipation air passages (41) extend in a spiral shape from inside to outside in the radial direction of the heat dissipation disc (4), and the direction in which the heat dissipation air passages (41) rotate from inside to outside is opposite to the rotation direction of the heat dissipation disc (4).

7. The motor according to claim 6, wherein the end face of the heat dissipation disc (4) facing the rotor (1) is formed with a plurality of blades (42), and a plurality of the blades (42) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc (4) and extend in an arc shape from inside to outside along the radial direction of the heat dissipation disc (4);

the blades (42) are attached to the rotor (1) toward the end face of the rotor (1), and the heat dissipation air passages (41) are formed between adjacent blades (42) in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation disc (4).

8. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of the heat dissipation air passages (41) are respectively communicated with the air intake air passage (31), or a plurality of the heat dissipation air passages (41) are communicated at one end far from the exhaust port (411) and are communicated with the air intake air passage (31) at the communication position.

9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat dissipation air passage (41) has a first side wall (412) distant from the rotor (1) in an axial direction, and a distance from the first side wall (412) at the exhaust port (411) to the rotor (1) gradually increases in a direction approaching the exhaust port (411).

10. An electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat-dissipating plate (4) is used to form a balancing plate for the electric machine;

and/or, the two radiating discs (4) are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor (1);

and/or the motor further comprises a shell (5) and a water cooling structure for cooling the shell (5), wherein the water cooling structure at least partially covers the axial middle position of the stator (2) in a water cooling area of the shell (5).