CN2199439Y - Layered coal uniformly feeded non-blade smoke burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a layered coal uniform feeding non-black smoke burner for a boiler. The layered coal uniform feeding non-black smoke burner for a boiler adopts a movable coal shoot and a coal feeder to feed and sieve coal to cause the coal to be fallen on a fire grate in a layered mode. Meanwhile, the end of the fire grate is provided with slag blocking combustion supporting device, and a secondary air pipe is arranged in the burner. The layered coal uniform feeding non-black smoke burner for a boiler solves the problems that coal is not fed unevenly to a boiler, the ventilation resistance of a coal bed on the fire grate is large, the boiler exhausts black smoke and leaks coal, the boiler output is insufficient, the fire grate leaks red slag, fuel is incompletely burned, etc. The layered coal uniform feeding non-black smoke burner for a boiler can use coal which is not as good as designed coal, and the adapting capacity to the load variation is enhanced. The boiler efficiency is improved.

Description

Layered coal uniformly feeded non-blade smoke burner

The utility model relates to a kind of boiler coal feeding burner, especially even coal supply, and coal is arranged at the fire grate higher slice, the device of black-smoke free combustion.

At present, there is four major problem in chain grate boiler aspect coal supply and the burning: the one, and the coal particle size maldistribution of falling on the fire grate from high-order coal bunker (generally is that both sides lump coal is many.Middle smalls is many); The 2nd, not only density is big the coal seam on the fire grate but also particulate coal and smalls coal are mixed in together, and flowing resistance is big and burn inhomogeneous; The 3rd, the combustible of fire grate superjacent air space (fuel gas and suspension combustible) mixes bad and incomplete combustion with air, over-emitting black exhaust when especially firing fat coal; The 4th, back of furnace row red-slag running when boiler load is higher (combustible is still in burning in the slag).It is to catch up with load slow inferior to the design coal that these problems cause burning in boiler, undercapacity, and fuel combustion not exclusively causes and wastes energy and contaminated environment.On September 21st, 1993, layering half boiling combustion device of my application (application number: 93231880.0) the coal particle screening plant is arranged in the utility model, solved the big fire grate of coal bed ventilation resistance and leaked the many problems of coal.The still existence in various degree of other problems active boiler, so, now many chain grate boilers dant that can not burn, the bad chimney over-emitting black exhaust that burns, the fire grate red-slag running, waste and damage ratio are more serious.Therefore, the outstanding problem that must adopt multiple technologies comprehensive regulation boiler to exist, the i.e. incomplete problem of fuel combustion.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of even coal supply layering black-smoke free combustion device.It can make, and the uneven coal of particle drops on cylinder feeder top more uniformly in the coal bunker; Make the well-regulated arrangement in coal seam on the fire grate (coarse coal below, small-particle coal in the above) reach layering coal supply, the order of stratified combustion makes the slag of incomplete combustion obtain stopping combustion-supporting in the fire grate back, and the combustible of fire grate superjacent air space is fully burnt.Reach black-smoke free combustion and energy savings, the purpose of pollution abatement.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that this device divides four parts.First is that the coal (generally be that both sides, storehouse coarse coal is many, little coal is many in the middle of the storehouse) that makes the particle maldistribution in the coal bunker is delivered to cylinder feeder top uniformly.Enter coal bunker in order to limit coarse coal (being not more than 40mm), the place of advancing coal on coal bunker top is loaded onto with what shaped steel was made and is advanced coal restriction grate plate.Load onto out port strobe in the coal bunker outlet.Go out port strobe bottom one section fixing coal bunker coal spout (inclination or vertical) made from steel plate is arranged.There is the coal-feeding tube of one section energy activity (as swing) to cylinder feeder top coal supply in coal bunker coal spout bottom.This pipe epimere is lived with the coal bunker coal spout with axle and is connected, and hypomere stretches to cylinder feeder top.For making this coal-feeding tube do oscillating motion, on this pipe drive unit is housed.The easiest drive unit is to load onto a sprocket wheel tooth plate on the fire grate macro-axis, shoulders with chain and positive silk to be connected.Having the slide block bar to live with above-mentioned coal-feeding tube on the leading screw is connected.The fire grate rotation drives positive leading screw running, and positive leading screw drives above-mentioned coal-feeding tube and swings back and forth in restricted portion, the space of the then even impouring cylinder feeder of coal top.The coal spout forefathers of above-mentioned this activity used, but it is a coal in coal bunker, rather than the coal of herein saying.It is also passable to establish the positive leading screw of cover motor machine mechanism driving in addition without sprocket chain device.Second portion is that the coal layering is dropped on the fire grate.Above coal supply screening case, be provided with the cylinder feeder for reaching this purpose, below the cylinder feeder, do not have the coal particle screening plant.The critical piece of this device is an orifice sizes screening grate plate inequality.Coal drops on the screening grate plate during running of cylinder feeder, because orifice sizes is inequality, small coal drops on the front of the fire grate direction of motion, the coarse coal fall behind, because of the motion of coal breakage and fire grate has position and time difference, coarse coal then to drop on earlier on the grate surface, middle piece, small coal drop on the coal seam that forms layering on the grate surface successively (coarse coal are in bottom, small coal is in the above), coal enters the next formation stratified combustion of the cooperation grate of the following air compartment wind of the inherent fire grate of stove.Third part is a resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment.The even laminating coal supply only is to have reduced fire grate to leak coal and coal bed ventilation resistance, for coal combustion has been created advantage, do not solve the whole issue of burning, red-slag running can appear in the fire grate back when higher as boiler load, and it is all the more so especially to burn the big coal of knot property.In order to address this problem preferably, in the utility model, designed resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment.The trihedral that its cross section of the geometry of this apparatus structure has living space in the middle of being, length equals the member of fire grate width, lies in above the terminal air compartment of fire grate, obstructs and slows down slag discharge and further burning.Its concrete structure has several.Commonly used is to be welded into metallic plate, and the inner water cooling that feeds also can feed steam and/or air.When feeding steam and/or air, this device should have spray-hole on a panel of slag, and with the combustible in the combustion-supporting red slag, or it is combustion-supporting to produce water-gas.When not feeding liquid or steam in the resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment, constitute leg-of-mutton plate and can make folding type, adjust resistance slag height with handle.Used material according to its structure make select for use metal, nonmetallicly all can.Resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment should be placed on the terminal air compartment of fire grate place, and is combustion-supporting with the wind of terminal air compartment.The similar usually said coal-loosening device of common structure of resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment, but its effect and lay down location institute and some structure thereof are different, therefore, can not mention in the same breath with coal-loosening device.The 4th part is the secondary wind airduct that the front and back arch is gone up dress directive fire grate space formation tangent line garden on dress secondary air channel and the furnace wall, and the medium of secondary wind is air and/or steam.Its structure is general conventional structure, and the airduct road is connected on secondary air system air channel or the jet chimney.Pressure 2.5-3kg/cm before the steam nozzle ²The secondary wind action is to stir, mix furnace air and the suspension combustible makes the more abundant of its burning, eliminates depositing dust and the interior temperature of raising burner hearth in black smoke, the stove.Owing to improved furnace temperature and also quickened burning of coal on the grate, combustible in the favourable reduction slag improves boiler efficiency.

Owing to adopt such scheme, the coal of coal bunker relatively uniformly and the size particles layering drop on the fire grate, reduce fire grate and leaked coal and flowing resistance, slow down or stop the fire grate red-slag running, the combustible of furnace cavity obtains burning more fully, thereby improved the efficiency of combustion of fuel, made fuel emit heat to greatest extent.Thereby the boiler of employing such scheme can burn the coal inferior to design coal, strengthens the ability that boiler adapts to load variations, energy savings, pollution abatement.

Vertical section structural map below in conjunction with drawings and Examples further specifies.

Among the figure 1, coal bunker, 2, coal bunker advances coal restriction grate plate, 3, coal bunker goes out port strobe, 4, coal bunker coal spout, the coal-feeding tube of the directive cylinder feeder top coal supply that 5, can move, 6, coal-feeding tube drive unit (sprocket wheel chain group), coal supply layer-divided box, 8, the drum-type feeder, 9, the coal particle screening plant, 10, fire grate, 11, grate wind chamber, 12, face arch, 13, rear arch, 14, preceding secondary air channel, 15, back secondary air channel, 16, directive fire grate superjacent air space forms the secondary air channel in tangent line garden, 17, resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment.

Among Fig. 1, coal bunker (1) is made with cement concrete or steel plate.Coal bunker (1) top is equipped with the coal particle made from shaped steel that advances and is limited grate plate, maximum orifice sizes 40 * 40mm.Coal bunker goes out port strobe and adopts cannula type.This student's face is connected to the coal bunker coal spout made from steel plate (4).This pipe is following to be connected with movable coal-feeding tube (5) to cylinder feeder superjacent air space coal supply with movable axis.This pipe (5) is made with steel plate, and cylinder feeder top is stretched in the lower end.This pipe (5) is connected with making its drive unit of doing pendular motion (6)., coal-feeding tube drive unit (6) is a sprocket wheel chain group, and driving wheel is contained on the fire grate macro-axis, and driven pulley is contained in down on the positive leading screw, connects with chain between the two.The slide block bar is housed on the positive leading screw to be connected with coal-feeding tube (5) is alive.Chain wheel set and positive leading screw drive coal-feeding tube (5) and do the teeter campaign when fire grate turns round.Coal in the pipe just drops on cylinder feeder top more uniformly.Coal supply screening case (7) is made with shaped steel, cylinder feeder (8) is equipped with on top, this machine is made with the garden pipe, two ends use bearing fixing on casing, there is not sprocket wheel chain group (similar (6)) between this arbor head and the fire grate macro-axis, not expression on the figure), with the motion head roll feeder running coal supply of fire grate, coal-supplying amount (coal seam thickness) is regulated and control with the fire grate movement velocity.The cylinder coal supply is equipped with coal particle screening plant (9) below (8), the critical piece of this device is an orifice sizes grate plate inequality, tilts 60 ° to be placed on the casing.When falling the coal that just Automatic sieve is divided into variable grain, coal drops on (10) on the fire grate.Because fire grate direction motion in stove, poor if having time between coal breakage and the fire grate, coal just layering drops on the fire grate, enters in the stove then layering and ignites and burn.Face arch (12) and rear arch (13) are conventional utility boiler arches, and when burning meager coal and burning the more bituminous coal of spoil, face arch should make the high arch of arc into.Preceding secondary air channel (14) and back secondary air channel (15) are universal architectures, and airduct is by on the overfire air fan pipeline of blast greater than the 700mm water column.The interior medium of secondary air channel (16) that directive fire grate superjacent air space forms the tangent line garden is 3kg/cm ²The steam of pressure, 4 nozzles are contained in respectively on the furnace wall of both sides, and the combustible burning is strengthened in imaginary garden of steam tangential direction directive of 4 nozzle ejections.Resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment (17) is welded into steel plate, the suitable fire grate effective width of length, and cross section is a scalene triangle, the inner cooling water that feeds is with burnout-proof.This device is placed near the terminal air compartment of fire grate.When the slag on the fire grate runs to herein,, and packing phenomenon is arranged, when red slag, open terminal air compartment air door, play the combustion-supporting effect of resistance slag by the speed that slowed down.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of even coal supply layering black-smoke free combustion device, coal bunker is arranged, coal bunker advances coal particle restriction grate plate, coal bunker goes out port strobe, the coal bunker coal spout, the coal-feeding tube drive unit, coal supply screening case, the cylinder feeder, fire grate, grate wind chamber, face arch, rear arch, before secondary air channel and back composition such as secondary air channel, it is characterized in that be equipped with below the coal bunker coal spout movable above the cylinder feeder coal-feeding tube of coal supply, in the coal supply screening case coal particle screening plant is housed, resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment is housed on the back of furnace row grate surface, the secondary wind airduct that directive fire grate superjacent air space forms the tangent line garden is housed on furnace wall.

2, according to the said even laminating coal supply of claim 1 black-smoke free combustion device, the critical piece that it is characterized in that the coal particle screening plant is an orifice sizes screening grate plate inequality.

3, according to the said even coal supply layering black-smoke free combustion device of claim 1, it is characterized in that being placed on the resistance slag auxiliary combustion equipment on the back of furnace row grate surface, the suitable fire grate effective width of length, cross section are the leg-of-mutton member of hollow (inside can feed medium).

4, said even coal supply layering does not have black burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the secondary air channel in directive fire grate superjacent air space formation tangent line garden is the secondary wind airduct of bubbling air or steam.

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