CN219937950U - DC bus clamping circuit and DC motor driving system - Google Patents
DC bus clamping circuit and DC motor driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219937950U CN219937950U CN202321055412.6U CN202321055412U CN219937950U CN 219937950 U CN219937950 U CN 219937950U CN 202321055412 U CN202321055412 U CN 202321055412U CN 219937950 U CN219937950 U CN 219937950U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a direct current bus clamping circuit and a direct current motor driving system. The direct current bus clamping circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode, a switch element and a resistor. The voltage stabilizing diode comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a positive line of the direct current bus; the switch piece comprises a first connecting end, a control end and a second connecting end, wherein the first connecting end is connected with the positive line, and when the voltage of the control end is greater than a preset value, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are conducted; one end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the zener diode and the control end of the switch piece, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the negative electrode wire of the direct current bus. The direct current bus clamping circuit and the direct current bus of the direct current motor driving system break down the voltage stabilizing diode when the voltage is too high, and the current forms voltage on the resistor through the voltage stabilizing diode, so that the switch piece can be started, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are conducted, and the corresponding bleeder current is adjusted very quickly.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of circuit protection, and particularly relates to a direct current bus clamping circuit and a direct current motor driving system.
Background
In the direct current motor drive system, there is a possibility that the bus voltage is reversely charged. For example, when the tail gate is opened or closed manually, the direct current brush motor in the tail gate is in a power generation state, the short-time current is large, the voltage of the direct current bus is not absorbed timely, the voltage is rapidly increased, the increased voltage can be far more than 12V, and as a result, the power consumption parts are damaged due to exceeding the rated working voltage.
In view of the above problems, there are two conventional solutions, one is to connect a large capacity capacitor in parallel to a bus bar, and the other is to add a brake loop. The traditional scheme has obvious defects, firstly, the large-capacity capacitor has larger volume, and inconvenience is brought to product design; secondly, the large-capacity capacitor is difficult to quantify the type selection parameters, such as how large the capacity is; third, the response speed of the brake loop is slow, and the discharge speed does not necessarily meet the actual requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a dc bus clamping circuit and a dc motor drive system that are directed to providing an overvoltage protection circuit for a dc bus.
The utility model provides a direct current bus clamping circuit, which comprises:
the voltage stabilizing diode comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a positive line of the direct current bus;
the switch piece comprises a first connecting end, a control end and a second connecting end, wherein the first connecting end is connected with the positive electrode wire, and when the voltage of the control end is larger than a preset value, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are conducted;
and one end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the zener diode and the control end of the switch piece, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the negative line of the direct current bus.
According to the direct current bus clamping circuit, the switch piece further comprises an on-resistance, and the on-resistance is connected between the first connecting end and the second connecting end.
According to the direct current bus clamping circuit, the switch piece is a field effect transistor, the control end is a gate electrode, the first connecting end is a source electrode, and the second connecting end is a drain electrode.
According to the direct current bus clamping circuit, the switch piece is an N-channel field effect transistor.
According to the direct current bus clamping circuit, the first end of the zener diode is an N end, and the second end of the zener diode is a P end.
According to the direct current bus clamping circuit, the reverse breakdown voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode is larger than or equal to the protection voltage between the positive electrode line and the negative electrode line of the direct current bus.
The utility model also provides a direct current motor driving system which comprises a power supply, wherein the power supply comprises a direct current bus, the direct current bus comprises a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire, and the direct current motor driving system further comprises a direct current bus clamping circuit, and the direct current bus clamping circuit is connected between the positive electrode wire and the negative electrode wire.
Compared with the prior art, the direct current bus clamping circuit and the direct current motor driving system have the advantages that the voltage stabilizing diode breaks down when the voltage is too high, the voltage is formed on the resistor through the voltage stabilizing diode, so that the switch piece can be started, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are conducted, the corresponding discharging current is adjusted very fast, the aim of clamping the bus voltage very fast is achieved, the circuit is very simple, and the completion can be achieved without additionally setting corresponding control software.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are some examples of the present disclosure and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings by persons of ordinary skill in the art without inventive work.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc bus clamp circuit.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a dc bus clamping method.
Description of the main reference signs
The following detailed description will further illustrate the disclosure in conjunction with the above-described drawings.
Detailed Description
In the field of dc motor drives, it is necessary to supply power to a motor or other components via a dc bus. In this embodiment, the dc motor driving system includes a power source including a dc bus including a positive electrode line 11 and a negative electrode line 12, wherein the positive electrode line 11 is supplied as a positive electrode of the power source and the negative electrode line 12 is supplied as a negative electrode of the power source. In the power supply process, the voltage deviation of the dc bus may be too large to damage other components of the power supply due to external interference and other problems, so that it is necessary to control the voltage between the positive electrode line 11 and the negative electrode line 12 of the dc bus by the dc bus clamping circuit to prevent the voltage from being too high to damage other components.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc bus clamp circuit. As shown in fig. 1, the dc bus clamping circuit is connected between the positive line 11 and the negative line 12, and specifically includes a zener diode 20, a switching element 30, and a resistor 40, where the zener diode 20 is used to break down when the voltage of the dc bus 10 is greater than a preset value, so as to conduct a current, so that the voltage across the resistor 40 increases, and the switching element 30 is turned on. In this way, the voltage of the dc bus 10 is consumed via the switching element 30, and the dc bus functions as a protection circuit.
Specifically, zener diode 20 includes a first end 21 and a second end 22. The zener diode 20 is also called a zener diode, and is manufactured by utilizing the phenomenon that the current of the zener diode can be changed in a wide range and the voltage is basically unchanged by utilizing the reverse breakdown state of a PN junction. At this critical breakdown point, the reverse resistance decreases to a small value, in which the current increases and the voltage remains constant. For convenience of description, in this embodiment, the first terminal 21 is the N terminal of the zener diode 20, and the second terminal 22 is the P terminal of the zener diode 20. The first end 21 of the zener diode 20 is connected to the positive electrode line 11 of the dc bus 10, and the second end 22 is connected to the resistor 40. The reverse breakdown voltage of the zener diode 20 is greater than or equal to the protection voltage between the positive electrode line 11 and the negative electrode line 12 of the dc bus 10.
Correspondingly, one end of the resistor 40 is connected to the second end 22 of the zener diode 20, and the other end is connected to the negative line 12 of the dc bus 10. The resistance of the resistor 40 may be determined according to the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30, and after the zener diode 20 breaks down, the voltage formed by the resistor 40 after the current passes through the zener diode 20 and the resistor 40 should be greater than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30. Therefore, a person skilled in the art can obtain the resistance value of the resistor 40 according to a limited number of experiments, so that the voltage value between the dc buses 10 is controlled by the turn-on of the zener diode 20 under the voltage of the resistor 40.
The switch element 30 includes a first connection terminal 32, a control terminal 31, and a second connection terminal 33, wherein the first connection terminal 32 is connected to the positive electrode line 11, and when the voltage of the control terminal 31 is greater than a preset value, the first connection terminal 32 and the second connection terminal 33 are turned on. In this embodiment, the switching element 30 further includes an on-resistance (not shown) connected between the first connection terminal 32 and the second connection terminal 33, so that when the first connection terminal 32 and the second connection terminal 33 are turned on, a current flows through the on-resistance to be consumed.
In some embodiments, the switch 30 is a field effect transistor (MOSFET), for example, an N-channel field effect transistor, the control terminal 31 is a gate (G-pole), the first connection terminal 32 is a source (S-pole), and the second connection terminal 33 is a drain (D-pole). The control terminal 31 is connected between the resistor 40 and the second terminal 22 of the zener diode 20, and the drain is connected to the negative line 12 of the dc bus 10, so that the resistor 40 across the resistor 40 is equal to the gate voltage of the fet.
When the voltage of the dc bus 10 is less than or equal to the reverse breakdown voltage of the zener diode 20, the gate voltage of the switching element 30 is equal to the voltage of the negative line 12 of the dc bus 10, i.e. zero volts, which operates in the off state.
When the voltage across the resistor 40 is greater than the preset value, that is, when the bus voltage is greater than the reverse breakdown voltage of the zener diode 20, the zener diode 20 enters a breakdown linear operating region, the current passing through the zener diode gradually increases with the increase of the voltage of the dc bus 10, at this time, according to ohm' S law, the voltage across the resistor 40 gradually increases, and the voltage across the resistor 40 is equal to the gate voltage of the switching element 30, and as the gate voltage gradually increases, the switching element 30 enters a linear amplification operating region, the current flowing between the drain D and the source S of the switching element 30 gradually increases according to a proportional relationship, so that a relationship is established: the higher the voltage of the dc bus 10 increases, the larger the on-current of the switching element 30 increases, and finally, the electric energy is consumed by the on-resistance of the MOSFET itself, thereby realizing the bus voltage clamping function.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a dc bus clamping method. As shown in fig. 2, the dc bus clamping method includes steps S201 to 203, in which the voltage of the dc bus 10 exceeds the standard, the zener diode 20 breaks down, and the switching element 30 is turned on by the voltage of the resistor 40, so that the dc bus 10 is turned on by the switching element 30, and the current is consumed through the switching element 30, thereby realizing the voltage clamping function of the dc bus 10.
Step S01: the zener diode 20 breaks down when the voltage between the positive and negative lines 11 and 12 of the dc bus 10 exceeds a preset value. By selecting a proper model of the zener diode 20, when the voltage of the dc bus 10 exceeds the preset value, the zener diode 20 can be broken down, so that the resistance value of the zener diode 20 is rapidly reduced.
Step S02: current flows from the positive line 11 through the zener diode 20 and the resistor 40 to the negative line 12 such that the voltage across the resistor 40 is greater than a preset value. In this step, since the resistance of the zener diode 20 is rapidly reduced, a current may flow through the resistor 40 such that the voltage across the resistor 40 increases, and the voltage of the resistor 40 is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30.
Step S03: the resistor 40 turns on the switching element 30, so that the first connection terminal 32 and the second connection terminal 33 of the switching element 30 are turned on, and a current flows from the positive electrode line 11 to the negative electrode line 12 through the first connection terminal 32, the on-resistance of the switching element 30, and the second connection terminal 33. In this step, since the resistor 40 is connected in parallel between the gate and the drain of the switching element 30, the voltage of the resistor 40 is equal to the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30, and when the voltage of the resistor 40 is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30, the first connection terminal 32 and the second connection terminal 33 of the switching element 30 are turned on.
In this embodiment, the switching element 30 is a field effect transistor, the control terminal 31 is a gate electrode, the first connection terminal 32 is a source electrode, the second connection terminal 33 is a drain electrode, and the resistor 40 is connected between the gate electrode and the negative electrode line 12. When the zener diode 20 breaks down, the voltage between the resistors 40 is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switching element 30.
The dc bus clamping circuit and the dc bus 10 of the dc motor driving system break down the zener diode 20 when the voltage is too high, and the current forms a voltage on the resistor 40 through the zener diode 20, so that the switch member 30 can be turned on, the first connection end 32 and the second connection end 33 are conducted, and the corresponding bleed current is adjusted very fast, so that the aim of clamping the bus voltage very fast is achieved, the circuit is very simple, and the completion can be achieved without setting corresponding control software. The circuit and the system provided by the embodiment are particularly suitable for being applied to a motor driving system, and when rapid deceleration with a large inertia load occurs, the energy of the direct current bus 10 can be discharged at an extremely high speed, and the voltage of the direct current bus 10 is kept below a rated value relatively stably.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical aspects of the present disclosure, and although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical aspects of the present disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. A dc bus clamp circuit, comprising:
the voltage stabilizing diode comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a positive line of the direct current bus;
the switch piece comprises a first connecting end, a control end and a second connecting end, wherein the first connecting end is connected with the positive electrode wire, and when the voltage of the control end is larger than a preset value, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are conducted;
and one end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the zener diode and the control end of the switch piece, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the negative line of the direct current bus.
2. The dc bus clamp of claim 1, wherein the switch further comprises an on-resistance connected between the first connection and the second connection.
3. The dc bus clamp of claim 2, wherein the switch is a field effect transistor, the control terminal is a gate, the first connection terminal is a source, and the second connection terminal is a drain.
4. The dc bus clamp of claim 3 wherein the switching element is an N-channel fet.
5. The dc bus clamp of claim 4 wherein the zener diode has a first terminal N and a second terminal P.
6. The dc bus clamp of claim 5 wherein the zener diode has a reverse breakdown voltage greater than or equal to a protection voltage between the positive and negative lines of the dc bus.
7. A dc motor driving system comprising a power supply including a dc bus including a positive line and a negative line, and further comprising the dc bus clamp circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the dc bus clamp circuit being connected between the positive line and the negative line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321055412.6U CN219937950U (en) | 2023-05-04 | 2023-05-04 | DC bus clamping circuit and DC motor driving system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321055412.6U CN219937950U (en) | 2023-05-04 | 2023-05-04 | DC bus clamping circuit and DC motor driving system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219937950U true CN219937950U (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321055412.6U Active CN219937950U (en) | 2023-05-04 | 2023-05-04 | DC bus clamping circuit and DC motor driving system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219937950U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-04 CN CN202321055412.6U patent/CN219937950U/en active Active
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