CN219914943U

CN219914943U - Soil sampling device

Info

Publication number: CN219914943U
Application number: CN202322576831.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卓泳杉; 韩瑞雪; 车辑; 刘瑶; 刘海祥; 陈婧姣; 邱新宇
Original assignee: FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
Current assignee: FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
Priority date: 2023-09-22
Filing date: 2023-09-22
Publication date: 2023-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of forestry soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device which comprises a supporting base, sampling barrels and cutting pieces, wherein limiting upright posts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the supporting base, lifting sliding blocks are connected to the two limiting upright posts in a sliding mode, a connector is arranged in the center of the lifting sliding blocks and is connected to the lifting sliding blocks in a rotating mode, a drilling machine is arranged at the upper end of the connector, and the lower end of the connector is connected with the sampling barrels. According to the utility model, the cutting blade is used for assisting the sampling tube to drill down for sampling, so that the cutting edge of the cutting blade is used for better cutting roots, stems and leaves, winding is avoided, feeding is prevented from being influenced, when hard objects such as stones are encountered, the cutting blade can be folded towards the inside of the sampling tube as much as possible under high resistance, and the connecting rod is jacked while being folded, so that the upper end can observe the jacked ring to judge the sudden increase of bottom resistance, and therefore, equipment damage caused by hard contact is avoided, and safety and practicability are improved.

Description

Soil sampling device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of forestry soil sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device.

Background

In the tree planting process, various operations such as fertilization, pesticide spraying and the like for improving quality and yield are required, along with the progress of scientific technology, tree planting becomes more and more accurate and digital, the current accurate fertilization is a good embodiment, the premise of the accurate fertilization is that soil components are controlled in real time, a planter needs to sample and detect soil irregularly, a general method for current soil sampling is to grab points or dig points with a spade, but along with the continuous improvement of requirements, sampling for soil layers with different depths becomes common.

The utility model of China with the comparative publication number of CN215004384U discloses a forestry ecological soil sampler, which is used for controlling the depth of sampling by arranging a pedal on a sampling tube.

However, compared with the prior art in the related art, at present, in forestry planting, because sampling is performed around trees, when the root system is well-developed and soil is pricked into the soil for sampling, the root system and the leaf in the soil are inevitably contacted, if the root system and the leaf are not separated in time and pushed away, the condition of winding is likely to occur, the sampling progress is affected, and hard objects such as stones are sometimes present in the forestry soil, and if the cutting edge of the fixed structure in the prior art is adopted, the condition of hard collision is extremely likely to occur, so that the damage of a sampling tube is caused, and the sampling progress is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present utility model is to provide an earth sampling device.

The utility model realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:

the soil sampling device comprises a supporting base, sampling cylinders and cutting pieces, wherein limit upright posts are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the supporting base, lifting slide blocks are connected to the two limit upright posts in a sliding mode, a connector is arranged in the center of each lifting slide block, the connector is rotationally connected to the lifting slide blocks, a drilling machine is arranged at the upper end of each connector, and the lower end of each connector is connected with the sampling cylinder;

the device comprises a sampling tube, a cutting plate, a rotary sleeve, a fixing column, a tension spring, a pressing ring and a pressing ring, wherein the cutting plate is arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube, the hollow tube is open at the bottom of the sampling tube, four cutting plates are arranged at the inner side of the bottom of the sampling tube, the cutting plates are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the sampling tube, a swinging frame is arranged at the upper end of the cutting plate, a rotary sleeve is arranged at the center of the swinging frame, the fixing column is movably connected inside the rotary sleeve, the tension spring is arranged between the rotary sleeve and the fixing column, the fixing column is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the sampling tube, the pressing ring is correspondingly arranged at the upper end face of the swinging frame, a jacking block is arranged at the side of the pressing ring, which is located at the bottom of the swinging frame and far away from the jacking block, and a gathering and shifting block is arranged at one side of the pressing ring;

four connecting rods are uniformly connected to the upper end of the pressing ring, the upper ends of the connecting rods are connected with the sampling tube in a penetrating mode, the top of each connecting rod is connected with a top ring, and a connecting column is installed at the center of the top of each top ring.

Preferably: the cutting piece is of an inverted triangle structure, and the wall thickness of the cutting piece is gradually thinned from top to bottom.

So set up, the cutting piece is used for cutting soil and root stem leaf etc. utilizes the blade that cutting piece bottom both sides formed to can carry out effectual cutting to soil and rhizome leaf.

Preferably: the rotating sleeve circumferentially rotates and is axially connected with the fixed column in a sliding manner.

The rotary sleeve is arranged outside the fixed column to rotate and slide, so that the cutting piece is driven by the swinging frame to swing and deviate to the center of the sampling tube.

Preferably: the top block is of a semicircular structure.

So set up, when the cutting piece the swing frame receives the bottom resistance and takes place the upset, the kicking block is driven and overturns thereupon, thereby utilizes the kicking block with extrusion force between the clamping ring, thereby through the connecting rod will the jack-up of kicking ring, with this can be at the top observe the cutting piece receives the size of resistance, thereby judge whether need change the position or continue to push down the sample.

Preferably: the clamping ring is a flat surface corresponding to the swing frame part, and the clamping ring is not an inclined surface structure corresponding to the bottom of the swing frame part.

The arrangement is that the pressing ring does not form an inclined plane corresponding to the swing frame, so that resistance is reduced when soil passes through the swing frame.

Preferably: the cutting piece with be provided with the step between the swing frame, just the step position is the fillet structure.

So set up, the cutting piece is when receiving the resistance and taking place the upset, utilize the cutting piece with the fillet of step department between the swing frame can make the cutting piece more easily to the inside upset shrink of sampling tube, and simultaneously because having the fillet, itself also can provide the resistance, when cutting down the sample, for the cutting piece provides the resistance, avoids too little resistance also to make the cutting piece takes place the upset.

Preferably: the fixed column is of a conical structure, the narrow side is arranged on the inner side of the rotary sleeve, and the position of the rotary sleeve corresponding to the fixed column is a cylindrical groove.

So set up, because the cutting piece need overturn the while to the inside shrink of sampling tube, then the cutting piece has produced the rotation action and has taken place simultaneously for the slip of fixed column, utilizes the conical surface of fixed column, can with the action of cutting piece provides sufficient clearance, thereby guarantees the cutting piece can implement the slip takes place when overturning.

Preferably: the cutting piece, the swinging frame, the top block and the rotary sleeve are integrally formed.

Preferably: the power direction of the sampling tube is the rotation direction along the axis, and the top surface of the sampling tube is provided with a release groove for limiting the connecting rod to slide for a short distance.

So set up, work as the kicking block extrusion the clamping ring with when the connecting rod, the sampling tube can be right the connecting rod forms spacingly, the clamping ring can not take place axial rotation, and when needs manual formula cutting piece is reverse draws in, reverse twisting move the kicking ring with the connecting rod can make draw in the shifting block and pull the swing frame with the cutting piece, thereby make the reverse inward contraction of cutting piece, to the soil inside the sampling tube tightens up, avoids dropping from the opening of sampling tube bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

utilize the supplementary sampling tube of cutting piece to drill down the sample, simultaneously because be provided with tension spring between cutting piece and the fixed column for the cutting piece can overturn certain angle when receiving the resistance of root stem leaf, thereby utilize the better cutting root stem leaf of blade of cutting piece, avoid taking place the winding and influence and feed, and when meetting hard thing such as stone, the cutting piece can be in the inside drawing in of sampling tube as far as possible under big resistance, and move the connecting rod in the top when drawing in, thereby make the upper end can observe the top ring and judge bottom resistance surge, thereby avoid hard contact to cause the damage of equipment, improve security and practicality.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil sampling apparatus according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sampling tube of an apparatus for sampling soil according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pressure ring of the soil sampling apparatus according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a conventional state structure of a cutting blade of the soil sampling device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a soil sampling apparatus according to the present utility model when a cutting blade cuts roots, stems and leaves;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state structure of a cutting blade of the soil sampling device according to the present utility model when the cutting blade encounters a hard block;

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a soil sampling apparatus according to the present utility model, in which a cutting blade cuts roots and stems;

FIG. 8 is a front view of a cutting blade of an earth sampling device according to the present utility model when it encounters a hard mass;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cutting blade structure of an earth sampling device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a rotary sleeve and a fixed column of the soil sampling device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the swing frame and the folding shifting block of the soil sampling device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a rod and cylinder assembly of an earth sampling device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the engaging relationship between the rotary sleeve and the fixed column of the soil sampling device according to the present utility model.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

1. a support base; 11. a limit upright post; 12. a lifting slide block; 13. a drilling machine; 2. a sampling tube; 21. cutting the sheet; 211. a swing frame; 212. a top block; 213. a rotating sleeve; 22. a connecting column; 23. a top ring; 231. a connecting rod; 232. a compression ring; 233. drawing in the shifting block; 24. fixing the column; 25. tension springs.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-13, the soil sampling device comprises a supporting base 1, a sampling tube 2 and a cutting piece 21, wherein limit upright posts 11 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end of the supporting base 1, two limit upright posts 11 are connected with lifting slide blocks 12 in a sliding manner, a connector is arranged in the center of each lifting slide block 12 and is rotationally connected with the lifting slide block 12, a drilling machine 13 is arranged at the upper end of each connector, and the lower end of each connector is connected with the sampling tube 2;

the bottom of the sampling tube 2 is provided with a cutting plate 21, the sampling tube 2 is a hollow tube with an opening at the bottom surface, the inner side of the bottom of the sampling tube 2 is provided with four cutting plates 21, the cutting plates 21 are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the sampling tube 2, the upper end of each cutting plate 21 is provided with a swinging frame 211, the center of each swinging frame 211 is provided with a rotating sleeve 213, the inside of each rotating sleeve 213 is movably connected with a fixed column 24, a tension spring 25 is arranged between each rotating sleeve 213 and each fixed column 24, the fixed columns 24 are fixedly connected on the inner wall of the sampling tube 2, the upper end surface of each swinging frame 211 is correspondingly provided with a compression ring 232, the side surface of each swinging frame 211 is provided with a top block 212, and the bottom surface of each compression ring 232 is provided with a folding shifting block 233 on the side of each swinging frame 211 far away from the top block 212;

four connecting rods 231 are uniformly connected to the upper end of the pressing ring 232, the upper ends of the connecting rods 231 are connected with the sampling tube 2 in a penetrating mode, the top of the connecting rods 231 is connected with a top ring 23, and a connecting column 22 is installed at the center of the top ring 23.

In this embodiment: the cutting blade 21 is of an inverted triangle structure, the wall thickness of the cutting blade 21 is gradually thinned from top to bottom, the cutting blade 21 is used for cutting soil, roots, stems, leaves and the like, and the cutting edges formed on two sides of the bottom of the cutting blade 21 are utilized, so that the soil, the roots, the stems and the leaves can be effectively cut.

In this embodiment: the rotary sleeve 213 rotates circumferentially and is connected with the fixed column 24 in an axial sliding manner, and the rotary sleeve 213 rotates and slides outside the fixed column 24, so that the cutting blade 21 is driven to swing and offset towards the center of the sampling tube 2 through the swing frame 211.

In this embodiment: the ejector block 212 is the semicircle structure, when cutting piece 21, swing frame 211 receive the bottom resistance and take place the upset, ejector block 212 is driven and overturns thereupon to utilize the extrusion force between ejector block 212 and the clamping ring 232, thereby jack-up ejector ring 23 through connecting rod 231, with this size that can observe cutting piece 21 received the resistance at the top, thereby judge whether need change the position or continue to push down the sample.

In this embodiment: the part of the pressing ring 232 corresponding to the swinging frame 211 is a flat surface, the part of the pressing ring 232 not corresponding to the bottom of the swinging frame 211 is in an inclined surface structure, and the part of the pressing ring 232 not corresponding to the swinging frame 211 is in an inclined surface, so that the resistance is reduced when soil passes through.

In this embodiment: the step is arranged between the cutting blade 21 and the swinging frame 211, the step position is in a round corner structure, when the cutting blade 21 is turned over under resistance, the round corner at the step position between the cutting blade 21 and the swinging frame 211 is utilized, so that the cutting blade 21 can be turned over and contracted towards the inside of the sampling tube 2 more easily, and meanwhile, the cutting blade 21 can provide resistance because the cutting blade has the round corner, the cutting blade can provide resistance for the cutting blade 21 when the cutting blade is cut down for sampling, and the cutting blade 21 is turned over due to the fact that too small resistance is avoided.

In this embodiment: the fixed column 24 is of a conical structure, the narrow side is arranged on the inner side of the rotary sleeve 213, the position of the rotary sleeve 213 corresponding to the fixed column 24 is a cylindrical groove, and because the cutting blade 21 needs to turn over and simultaneously contracts towards the inside of the sampling tube 2, the cutting blade 21 slides relative to the fixed column 24 when rotating, and the action of the cutting blade 21 can be provided with enough clearance by utilizing the conical surface of the fixed column 24, so that the cutting blade 21 can slide while turning over.

In this embodiment: the cutting blade 21, the swing frame 211, the top block 212, and the rotary sleeve 213 are integrally formed.

In this embodiment: the power direction of the sampling tube 2 is the rotation direction along the axis, be provided with the release groove that restriction connecting rod 231 short distance was slided on the sampling tube 2 top surface, when kicking block 212 extrusion clamping ring 232 and connecting rod 231, sampling tube 2 can form spacingly to connecting rod 231, clamping ring 232 can not take place axial rotation, and when needs manual formula cutting piece 21 reverse draw in, reverse screwing up top ring 23 and connecting rod 231 can make drawing in shifting block 233 pull swing frame 211 and cutting piece 21 to make the reverse inwards shrink of cutting piece 21, tighten up the soil inside sampling tube 2, avoid dropping from the opening of sampling tube 2 bottom.

Working principle: placing the support base 1 at a position to be sampled, and after the sampling tube 2 is installed, starting the drilling machine 13 to enable the drilling machine 13 to drive the sampling tube 2 and the cutting blade 21 to rotate;

the drilling machine 13 and the lifting slide block 12 are pressed down, so that the rotary sampling tube 2 and the cutting blade 21 sink to sample soil, and soft soil is gradually collected into the sampling tube 2 under the cutting of the cutting blade 21 at the moment because a step is arranged between the cutting blade 21 and the swinging frame 211;

when roots and stems are encountered in the descending process, the resistance of the cutting blade 21 is increased, the extrusion force between the cutting blade 21 and the bottom surface of the sampling tube 2 is smaller than the resistance provided by the rhizome and stem, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the cutting blade 21 rotates around the fixed column 24, and because the inner wall of the sampling tube 2 is circular, the outer surface of the cutting blade 21 is extruded by the inner wall of the sampling tube 2 during overturning, the cutting blade 21 generates inward dislocation offset while overturning, meanwhile, the cutting blade of the cutting blade 21 cuts the rhizome and stem, after cutting, the cutting blade 21 is reset by the elastic direction of the fixed column 24, the cutting blade 21 is reversely overturned and reset, the cutting blade is ejected outwards instantly, and a part of the cut rhizome and stem can be pushed outwards, so that the cutting rhizome and stem is prevented from being wound outside the sampling tube 2 during the subsequent descending;

when hard objects such as stones are encountered in the descending process, the fixing column 24 is extruded, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the cutting piece 21 is contracted to the inner side of the sampling tube 2, so that the cutting piece 21 is prevented from being damaged due to hard collision with the hard objects, meanwhile, because the turnover angle of the cutting piece 21 is the maximum, the top block 212 can push the pressing ring 232 and the connecting rod 231 upwards, so that the top ring 23 is lifted, and people can observe that the cutting piece 21 is subjected to larger resistance through the top ring 23;

when the depth is enough, as shown in fig. 12, when the drilling machine 13 drives the sampling tube 2 to rotate, because pressure exists at the bottom, when the cutting piece 21 drives the jacking block 212 to squeeze the pressing ring 232 and the connecting rod 231, the drilling machine 13 provides clockwise torsion, when the resistance at the bottom drives the cutting piece 21 to turn over, the cutting piece 21 provides clockwise twisting for the pressing ring 232, the hole on the sampling tube 2 forms an integral structure for the connecting rod 231 to form a limiting pressing ring 232 and the connecting rod 231, the pressing ring 232 is limited by the connecting rod 231 and cannot axially rotate, when the sampling tube 2 is required to be taken out after sampling, when the cutting piece 21 is required to be manually reversely folded, the jacking ring 23 and the connecting rod 231 are twisted anticlockwise, as shown in fig. 11, the folding shifting block 233 can be led to pull the swinging frame 211 and the cutting piece 21 inwards, so that the cutting piece 21 is reversely contracted, soil inside the sampling tube 2 is tightened, and the soil inside the sampling tube 2 is prevented from falling from an opening at the bottom of the sampling tube 2;

and after the sampling is finished, the sampling tube 2 is pulled out, at the moment, the separation connecting column 22 and the lifting slide block 12 are taken down, the top ring 23 is pulled upwards again, the compression ring 232 slides up and down in the sampling tube 2, so that the soil is separated from the sampling tube 2, and the soil is taken out more easily.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, which is defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An earth sampling device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a supporting base (1), sampling barrels (2) and cutting pieces (21), wherein limit upright posts (11) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper end of the supporting base (1), lifting slide blocks (12) are connected to the two limit upright posts (11) in a sliding mode, a connector is arranged at the center of each lifting slide block (12), the connector is rotationally connected to each lifting slide block (12), a drilling machine (13) is arranged at the upper end of each connector, and the lower end of each connector is connected with the corresponding sampling barrel (2);

the sampling tube comprises a sampling tube (2), wherein a cutting plate (21) is arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube (2), the sampling tube (2) is a hollow tube with an opening at the bottom, four cutting plates (21) are arranged at the inner side of the bottom of the sampling tube (2), the cutting plates (21) are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the sampling tube (2), a swinging frame (211) is arranged at the upper end of the cutting plate (21), a rotary sleeve (213) is arranged at the center of the swinging frame (211), a fixed column (24) is movably connected inside the rotary sleeve (213), a tension spring (25) is arranged between the rotary sleeve (213) and the fixed column (24), the fixed column (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube (2), a compression ring (232) is correspondingly arranged at the upper end surface of the swinging frame (211), a jacking block (212) is arranged on the side of the swinging frame (211), and a drawing-in block (233) is arranged on one side of the swinging frame (211) away from the jacking block (212);

four connecting rods (231) are uniformly connected to the upper end of the compression ring (232), the upper ends of the connecting rods (231) are connected with the sampling tube (2) in a penetrating mode, the top of the connecting rods (231) is connected with a top ring (23), and a connecting column (22) is arranged at the center of the top ring (23).

2. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cutting piece (21) is of an inverted triangle structure, and the wall thickness of the cutting piece (21) is gradually thinned from top to bottom.

3. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the rotary sleeve (213) circumferentially rotates and is axially and slidably connected with the fixed column (24).

4. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the top block (212) is in a semicircular structure.

5. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the part of the pressing ring (232) corresponding to the swinging frame (211) is a flat surface, and the part of the pressing ring (232) not corresponding to the swinging frame (211) is in an inclined surface structure.

6. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: a step is arranged between the cutting piece (21) and the swing frame (211), and the step is in a round corner structure.

7. A soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the fixed column (24) is of a conical structure, the narrow side of the fixed column is arranged on the inner side of the rotary sleeve (213), and the position, corresponding to the fixed column (24), of the rotary sleeve (213) is a cylindrical groove.

8. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the cutting piece (21), the swinging frame (211), the top block (212) and the rotary sleeve (213) are integrally formed.

9. The soil sampling apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the power direction of the sampling tube (2) is the rotation direction along the axis, and a release groove for limiting the connecting rod (231) to slide for a short distance is arranged on the top surface of the sampling tube (2).