CN219892190U - Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN219892190U CN219892190U CN202320568751.8U CN202320568751U CN219892190U CN 219892190 U CN219892190 U CN 219892190U CN 202320568751 U CN202320568751 U CN 202320568751U CN 219892190 U CN219892190 U CN 219892190U
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- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 5
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module, which comprises a metal outer frame, wherein toughened glass, a polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer adhesive film, a photovoltaic cell piece, a polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer adhesive film and a backboard film are sequentially arranged in the metal outer frame from top to bottom, and a hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating is physically deposited on the toughened glass. According to the self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating, the super-hydrophobic characteristic of the super-branched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating physically deposited on the toughened glass is utilized, the self-cleaning of the photovoltaic module can be realized by fully utilizing an external water source, and no additional mechanical equipment is needed for dust removal operation; in addition, the hyperbranched PDMS coating can repair cracks on the surface of the coating by irradiation of sunlight and heat generated by the photovoltaic module working, so that the service life of the superhydrophobic coating is greatly prolonged, and the operation cost of the traditional photovoltaic panel is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a novel self-repairing and self-cleaning photovoltaic module based on a hyperbranched PDMS composite super-hydrophobic coating.
Background
In the near period, china is in a window period of energy green low-carbon transformation, new energy is developed and utilized, and the transformation of an energy structure becomes a necessary trend. The solar energy has the characteristics of cleanness, safety, easy exploitation and the like, so that the solar energy is widely popularized and applied. The photovoltaic module is used as a core component in photovoltaic power generation, and the cleanliness of the surface of the photovoltaic module has an important influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The dust will block the area of the photovoltaic module that receives solar radiation thereby reducing the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. If the dust deposition is serious, the photovoltaic module will have a hot spot phenomenon, thereby burning out the photovoltaic module. Therefore, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module and ensure the safe operation of the photovoltaic power plant, dust on the surface of the photovoltaic module needs to be cleaned.
At present, the cleaning modes of dust on the surface of the photovoltaic module are mainly divided into three types: (1) The manual cleaning is the most traditional method, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be spent, the efficiency is low, personnel frequently perform high-place operation, and the probability of safety accidents is increased; (2) Mechanical automation of dust removal using a dust removal tool requires the installation of dust removal equipment around the photovoltaic module and the provision of a mechanical equipment operating power supply. The method has the advantages of general cleaning effect, high later maintenance cost and poor adaptability to projects with complicated topography; and (3) covering the surface of the photovoltaic module with a self-cleaning coating. By adding the self-cleaning coating on the photovoltaic surface, the cleaning of the photovoltaic module can be completed in a rainy day environment. No additional labor and mechanical cost is needed, and the method has good adaptability to complex terrains. Most self-cleaning coatings, however, lose their self-cleaning ability after prolonged periods of physical and chemical wear and require replacement after a period of time.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the effect of repairing the surface super-hydrophobic coating can be achieved by depending on the working temperature of the photovoltaic module under the condition of no external additional energy and machinery and manual supply.
For this purpose, the above object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module, novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module includes the metal frame, top-down is equipped with toughened glass, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer glued membrane (EVA glued membrane), photovoltaic cell piece, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer glued membrane and backplate membrane in proper order in the metal frame, its characterized in that: and physically depositing a hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating on the toughened glass.
The hyperbranched PDMS coating can self-repair cracks on the surface of the coating under the irradiation of sunlight and the heat generated by the photovoltaic module working, because the movement of hyperbranched PDMS molecular chains is promoted by the temperature rise, the hyperbranched PDMS polymer near the damaged area tends to move to the cavity area, and broken hydrogen bonds are not directionally recombined so as to repair microscopic defects.
Hyperbranched Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic layer.
The utility model can also adopt or combine the following technical proposal when adopting the technical proposal:
as a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: and the backboard film is added with a reflecting agent. The reflective agent is added in the backboard film, so that the reflection effect of the backboard on sunlight is enhanced, the conversion efficiency of the battery assembly is improved, meanwhile, the reflective agent has a stronger reflection effect on infrared rays, and the working temperature of the photovoltaic assembly can be reduced.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the metal outer frame is one of an aluminum alloy frame, an iron frame or a stainless steel frame.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the toughened glass is provided with a bionic structure, and the bionic structure is one or a combination of a plurality of lotus leaves, roses and butterfly wings.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the bionic structure on the toughened glass is formed by a nano-scale structure array, and the single structure is one or a combination of a plurality of conical pointed cone, spherical vertex cone, truncated cone or triangular pyramid.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: the bionic structure constructs a nano-scale structure array on toughened glass through a femtosecond laser technology.
As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model: siO with the diameter of 20-100 nm is added before physical deposition of the hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating 2 And the nano particles construct a micro-nano structure on the coating, and the roughness is increased, so that the super-hydrophobicity of the hyperbranched PDMS composite super-hydrophobic coating is enhanced.
The utility model provides a novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module, which utilizes the super-hydrophobic characteristic of a hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating physically deposited on toughened glass, can fully utilize an external water source to realize self-cleaning of the photovoltaic module, and does not need any additional mechanical equipment to carry out dust removal operation; in addition, siO with the diameter of 20-100 nm can be additionally added into the hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating 2 The nano particles construct a micro-nano structure on the coating, and the roughness is increased, so that the super-hydrophobicity of the hyperbranched PDMS composite super-hydrophobic coating is enhanced; in addition, hyperbranched PDMS coating is subjected toThe heat generated by irradiation of sunlight and working of the photovoltaic module can be used for self-repairing cracks on the surface of the coating, the hyperbranched PDMS polymer near a damaged area tends to move to a cavity area due to the movement of hyperbranched PDMS molecular chains, and broken hydrogen bonds are non-directionally recombined to repair microscopic defects, so that the hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating has self-repairing capability, the service life of the super-hydrophobic coating is greatly prolonged, and the operation cost of a traditional photovoltaic panel is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel self-repairing and self-cleaning photovoltaic module provided by the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a structural illustration of tempered glass having a bionic structure.
Description of the embodiments
The utility model provides a novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module, which belongs to a toughened glass lamination module, also called a flat plate type battery module, and a structural diagram is shown in figure 1. The most commonly used photovoltaic modules are currently in engineering practice. The toughened glass lamination assembly mainly comprises panel glass, a silicon battery piece, two layers of EVA adhesive films, a TPT backboard, an aluminum alloy frame and a junction box. Because the toughened glass has the material characteristics of higher light transmittance and higher material strength, the effect of effectively protecting the battery piece for a long time can be realized. The two layers of EVA adhesive films are arranged between the toughened glass and the battery piece, and the battery piece and the back plate film are coagulated into a whole through a melting and solidifying process. The TPT back sheet film has good weather resistance. And can firmly combine with the EVA glued membrane, inlay the aluminum alloy frame around the battery module and play the guard action to the subassembly, also make things convenient for the installation and the fixed of subassembly and the combination connection between the battery module square matrix simultaneously. The junction box is fixed on the backboard by using adhesive silica gel and is used as a connecting component between the outgoing line and the outer outgoing line of the battery assembly.
According to the principle of constructing a transparent superhydrophobic surface, it is known that light absorption of a coating layer, light reflection at an interface and roughness of the surface cause scattering of light, thereby reducing the transparency of the coating layer. The utility model adopts PDMS material with low refractive index as super-hydrophobic coating, and the higher the refractive index is, the higher the transmittance is. Meanwhile, the roughness of the coating can also influence the transparency of the coating, different scattering behaviors can be caused by the coarse structures with different sizes, when the size of the coarse structures is above the wavelength of visible light, mie scattering can be generated with high probability, the surface of the coating is in an opaque state, and Rayleigh scattering can be generated below the visible light wave. The visible light wavelength is 390-700 nm, and when the roughness size is below 700 nm, the scattering of light is substantially negligible, meaning high transparency. However, a larger coarse structure size is required to achieve superhydrophobic coating, so a reasonable coarse structure size needs to be designed according to the current state of the art. The utility model constructs a nano-sized coarse structure on the surface of the toughened glass by using an excimer laser processing instrument, takes the toughened glass with an anti-biological structure as a template of the coating, ensures the transparency of the coating and simultaneously has good super-hydrophobic characteristics (note that the bionic toughened glass is an important support for obtaining super-hydrophobic property by hyperbranched PDMS coating).
Before laser processing is carried out on the toughened glass, the cleanness and the drying of the toughened glass are required to be ensured, and the processing precision is prevented from being influenced by impurity dust. And placing the toughened glass on a three-dimensional precise mobile processing platform, and applying negative pressure to fix the toughened glass. The excimer laser is guided by the light path and focused on the toughened glass by the microscope. Inscription is carried out according to a nano-sized bionic structure designed in advance, and the bionic structure is shown in figure 2. Pouring the prepared hyperbranched PDMS suspension onto bionic toughened glass, and drying the suspension to obtain the toughened glass which is covered with the hyperbranched PDMS self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating and has a bionic nano structure. And assembling the multifunctional toughened glass with other parts to form the novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module.
In the process of engineering service, the novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module is inevitably damaged by physical abrasion and chemical erosion of a coating, and cracks appear. The hyperbranched PDMS coating can self-repair cracks on the surface of the coating under the irradiation of sunlight and the heat generated by the photovoltaic module working. This is because the temperature rise promotes the movement of the hyperbranched PDMS molecular chains such that the hyperbranched PDMS polymer in the vicinity of the damaged area tends to move toward the void area, and broken hydrogen bonds are non-directionally recombined to repair microscopic defects.
The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Preparing materials required for preparing the hyperbranched PDMS coating: bis-aminopropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (a-PDMS), 1,2, 5-benzenetricarboxylic acid chloride (TMC), pyridine (AR), absolute ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF).
Firstly, stirring TMC and THF by using magnetic stirring to obtain TMC/THF solution; secondly, dissolving the A-PDMS in THF, sequentially adding AR and TMC/THF, and fully reacting to obtain hyperbranched PDMS solution; and finally, pouring the hyperbranched PDMS solution onto the toughened glass of the bionic structure, and covering the toughened glass of the bionic structure with the hyperbranched PDMS composite coating after the solution is dried.
The size of the coarse structure of the toughened glass with the bionic structure determines the quality of the super-hydrophobicity and transparency of the hyperbranched PDMS coating.
Based on the theoretical model foundation of Wenzel, if the super-hydrophobicity of the hyperbranched PDMS composite coating needs to be further increased, siO with the size below 30 nm can be added into the hyperbranched PDMS solution 2 A nanoparticle material. To add SiO 2 The wettability of the sample is characterized by the coating of the nano particles by adopting a contact angle measuring instrument, the contact angle can reach 150 degrees stably after multiple measurements, the rolling angle is 2 degrees, and experimental data show that the coating has good superhydrophobicity.
Before laser processing is carried out on the toughened glass, the cleanness and the drying of the toughened glass are required to be ensured, and the processing precision is prevented from being influenced by impurity dust. And placing the toughened glass on a three-dimensional precise mobile processing platform, and applying negative pressure to fix the toughened glass. The excimer laser is guided by the light path and focused on the toughened glass by the microscope. And (5) inscribing according to a nano-sized bionic structure designed in advance. The peripheral edge with the side length of 250 nm and the height of 10 nm can be carved on the surface of toughened glass, and the conical shape with the height of 300 nm can be carved in the middle of the square shape to form the micro-nano composite structure (the size is not the only determined value here, and can be adjusted according to the production technology level and the actual requirement). The nano structure is added on the surface of the toughened glass, so that the reflection of sunlight can be reduced, and the transmittance is increased.
As shown in fig. 2, (a) shows a conical-pointed structure unit, (b) shows a spherical-apex-conical structure unit, and (c) shows a truncated cone-shaped structure unit, but in other embodiments, the structure unit may be a triangular pyramid-shaped structure unit.
The component structure is shown in fig. 1. It is the most commonly used photovoltaic module in engineering practice at present. The toughened glass laminated assembly mainly comprises panel glass 3, a silicon battery piece 5, two layers of EVA adhesive films 4, a TPT back plate film 6, an aluminum alloy frame 1 and a junction box 7.
In the utility model, the panel glass is toughened glass with a bionic structure; and physically depositing the hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating 2 on the toughened glass with the bionic structure.
Because the toughened glass has the material characteristics of higher light transmittance and higher material strength, the effect of effectively protecting the battery piece for a long time can be realized. The two layers of EVA adhesive films are arranged between the toughened glass and the battery piece, and the battery piece and the back plate film are coagulated into a whole through a melting and solidifying process. The EVA adhesive film has thermosetting property, and failure debonding can not be generated due to over high temperature of the component. The TPT back plate film has good weather resistance, and the reflecting agent is additionally added, so that the utilization rate of the assembly to solar energy can be improved, and the power generation efficiency of the assembly can be improved. The aluminum alloy frame inlaid around the battery assembly plays a role in protecting the assembly, and meanwhile, the assembly and the fixation of the assembly and the combined connection between the battery assembly square matrixes are convenient. The junction box is fixed on the backboard by using adhesive silica gel and is used as a connecting component between the outgoing line and the outer outgoing line of the battery assembly.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the present utility model by way of example only and not to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the utility model to the precise embodiments disclosed, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module, novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module includes the metal frame, top-down is equipped with toughened glass, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer glued membrane, photovoltaic cell piece, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer glued membrane and backplate membrane in proper order in the metal frame, its characterized in that: and physically depositing a hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating on the toughened glass.
2. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: and the backboard film is added with a reflecting agent.
3. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the metal outer frame is one of an aluminum alloy frame, an iron frame or a stainless steel frame.
4. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the toughened glass is provided with a bionic structure, and the bionic structure is one or a combination of a plurality of lotus leaves, roses and butterfly wings.
5. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module of claim 4, wherein: the bionic structure on the toughened glass is formed by a nano-scale structure array, and the single structure is one or a combination of a plurality of conical pointed cone, spherical vertex cone, truncated cone or triangular pyramid.
6. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the bionic structure constructs a nano-scale structure array on toughened glass through a femtosecond laser technology.
7. The novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: siO with the diameter of 20-100 nm is added before physical deposition of the hyperbranched PDMS composite self-repairing self-cleaning super-hydrophobic coating 2 And (3) nanoparticles.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320568751.8U CN219892190U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320568751.8U CN219892190U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module |
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| CN219892190U true CN219892190U (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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| CN202320568751.8U Active CN219892190U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Novel self-repairing self-cleaning photovoltaic module |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219892190U (en) |
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