CN219891805U - Magnetic suspension demonstration system with horizontal rotary drum as floater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a magnetic suspension demonstration system taking a horizontal rotary drum as a floater, which structurally comprises a stator and the floater; the stator comprises a base, electromagnetic lifting units respectively arranged at two ends of the base, and a rotary driving coil arranged in the middle of the base and arranged in a straight line along the length direction of the base; the floater comprises a horizontal shaft rod, suspension magnets respectively arranged at two ends of the shaft rod, a rotary drum penetrating through the middle of the shaft rod, flaky magnets uniformly distributed on the rotary drum, an end cover sealed on a side port of the rotary drum and a bearing arranged between the shaft rod and a core hole on the end cover; the suspension magnet is vertically opposite to the electromagnetic lifting unit and is used for generating magnetic repulsive force for lifting the floater; the rotary driving coil pushes the sheet-shaped magnet on the drum through the transformed magnetic repulsive force to generate a driving force for rotating the drum. The floater can stably suspend and has the effect of controlled rotation, so that the rich and various demonstration effects are realized.

Description

Magnetic suspension demonstration system with horizontal rotary drum as floater

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a physical teaching tool, in particular to a magnetic suspension demonstration system taking a horizontal rotary drum and related components as floats.

Background

The magnetic suspension system uses magnetic force to make the object in a suspension state without mechanical contact. The related products are widely applied. Products on the market are more widely used in teaching, science popularization, ornamental and other fields. The magnetic field of the products is mainly vertical in axial direction no matter the products are statically suspended or rotatable.

CN204261350U discloses a toy and popular device with a float which can rotate horizontally and axially and has a better ornamental effect than a stationary magnetic levitation, on the basis of reference to the structure of a door motor, which structure requires that one end of the suspension be mechanically supported on a pallet of the levitation device to limit the freedom of its axial movement. However, strictly speaking, according to the definition, the structure can only generate a suspension effect of half suspension, and cannot completely realize a six-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension state.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a magnetic suspension demonstration system taking a horizontal rotary drum and related components as floats, so as to solve the problem that the existing magnetic suspension demonstration device needs to be mechanically supported on one end face and realize the controlled rotation of the floats.

The utility model is realized in the following way:

a magnetic suspension demonstration system taking a horizontal rotary drum and related components as floats comprises a stator and floats;

the stator comprises a base, electromagnetic lifting units respectively arranged at two ends of the base, and a rotary driving coil arranged in the middle of the base and arranged in a straight line along the length direction of the base;

the floater comprises a horizontal shaft rod, suspension magnets respectively arranged at two ends of the shaft rod, a rotary drum penetrating through the middle of the shaft rod, flaky magnets uniformly distributed on the rotary drum, an end cover sealed on a side port of the rotary drum and a bearing arranged between the shaft rod and a core hole on the end cover;

the suspension magnet is vertically opposite to the electromagnetic lifting unit and is used for generating magnetic repulsive force for lifting the floater; the rotary driving coil pushes the sheet-shaped magnet on the drum through the transformed magnetic repulsive force to generate a driving force for rotating the float.

Further, the electromagnetic lifting unit comprises a supporting plate, a lifting magnet arranged on the supporting plate, a positioning control coil arranged on the supporting plate and a position sensor arranged at the center of the supporting plate; the position sensor is vertically opposite to the suspension magnet on the float.

Further, the number of the lifting magnets in each electromagnetic lifting unit is four, and the lifting magnets are distributed at four corners of the supporting plate; the four positioning control coils in each electromagnetic lifting unit are respectively arranged between two lifting magnets on each side of the supporting plate, and the two positioning control coils with opposite positions are interconnected into a group and symmetrically distributed by using position sensors on the central position of the supporting plate.

Further, the two positioning control coils in each group are connected in series or in parallel, but the direction of the energizing current is kept opposite, so that magnetic force lines with opposite magnetic poles and forming a closed loop are generated in the two positioning control coils in each group.

Further, the distance between the position sensor and the four positioning control coils remains the same.

Further, the sheet magnets are distributed on the rotary drum in a grouping and encircling mode, the sheet magnets in each group encircle the rotary drum to form circles, and the sheet magnets are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer circle of the rotary drum; two adjacent groups of sheet magnets are distributed on the rotary drum in a staggered manner; each set of the sheet magnets is opposed up and down to a rotary drive coil on the base.

The rotary drum on the float is connected with the shaft rod through the end cover and the bearing, so that the shaft rod can rotate freely as an axis. By referring to the rotation principle of the permanent magnet brushless motor, a plurality of groups of sheet magnets are distributed in the middle of the rotary drum, each group of sheet magnets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, each group of sheet magnets is controlled by one rotary driving coil on the base to generate magnetic attraction or magnetic repulsion force, and each group of sheet magnets can make the rotary drum rotate around the shaft rod under the driving of the energizing current of which each rotary driving coil is regularly changed, namely, the rotary drum is similar to the working state of a rotor in the motor. Thereby achieving the effect of complete suspension and controlled rotation of the horizontal axial float. If the length of the floater allows, the rotary drum can be divided into a plurality of independent sub-drums which are axially distributed, and after the rotary driving coils on the stator below the rotary drum are correspondingly configured, each sub-drum part can be made into a relatively independent rotary drum, so that the rotary drum can be controlled respectively to carry out coordinated rotation demonstration.

The utility model is electrically composed of two mutually independent basic structures, namely a suspension structure and a rotation structure. The suspension structure uses two lifting magnetic suspension nodes which are separated from each other by a certain distance and jointly support a cylinder body which is horizontally and axially arranged. The suspension magnets at the two ends of the floater are permanent magnets and are fixedly connected with the shaft lever. The two suspension magnets are respectively lifted by a central magnetic field synthesized by 4 lifting magnets in the electromagnetic lifting unit at the relative position of the base, so that the two suspension magnets are balanced in the gravity direction; the balance of the levitation magnet in the horizontal direction is provided by a positioning control coil in the electromagnetic lift unit.

The utility model relates to a magnetic suspension demonstration system with a horizontal rotary drum in a horizontal axial direction as a floater, wherein the floater in the demonstration system not only can stably suspend but also can rotate in a controlled manner; and this rotation can also be precisely controlled. In particular, in contrast to the aforementioned comparative patent, the levitation lifting part and the rotation driving part according to the present utility model are entirely disposed in the same horizontal plane. Therefore, when the device is watched from any angle in the horizontal direction, the suspended floater is free from shielding, so that the device has better learning significance and rich and various demonstration effects.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the electromagnetic lifting unit.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the float structure.

Fig. 4 is a front view of example 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, a rotary drum, 3, a suspension magnet, 4, a shaft rod, 5, a bearing, 6, an end cover, 7, a sheet magnet, 8, a positioning control coil, 9, a lifting magnet, 10, a position sensor, 11, a supporting plate, 12 and a rotary driving coil.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model comprises two main components of a stator and a floater. The stator comprises a base 1, an electromagnetic lifting unit, a rotary driving coil 12 and the like. The base 1 is a rectangular plate-shaped body; the two electromagnetic lifting units are respectively arranged at two ends of the base 1; the number of the rotary driving coils 12 is four (the number can be increased or decreased), and the rotary driving coils are arranged in a straight line along the length direction of the base 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic lifting unit includes a pallet 11, a lifting magnet 9, a positioning control coil 8, a position sensor 10, and the like. The pallet 11 is a square plate-like body, and the lifting magnet 9, the positioning control coil 8, and the position sensor 10 are mounted on the pallet 11. The lifting magnets 9 are four and distributed at four corners of the supporting plate 11; the position sensor 10 is installed at the center of the pallet 11; the positioning control coils 8 are four and are respectively arranged in the middle of two lifting magnets 9 on each side of the supporting plate. The lifting magnets 9 and the positioning control coils 8 are arranged in a staggered mode, and all the lifting magnets 9 are axially magnetized, magnetized uniformly and magnetized in the same direction. Two oppositely located positioning control coils 8 are interconnected in groups and are symmetrically distributed with a central position sensor 10. The distance between the position sensor 10 and the four positioning control coils 8 remains the same. The two positioning control coils 8 in each group may be connected in series or parallel, but the direction of their energizing currents should be kept opposite to produce opposite poles in the two coils of each group so that each group of coils forms a closed magnetic field line. The electromagnetic lifting unit is mounted on the base 1 in such a way that the position sensor 10 thereon is opposed up and down to the levitation magnet 3 on the float. Each electromagnetic lifting unit can position the corresponding suspension magnet 3 in the longitudinal and transverse horizontal directions.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the float includes a shaft 4, a levitation magnet 3, a drum 2, and the like. The shaft lever 4 is horizontally arranged, and the suspension magnets 3 are fixed at two ends of the shaft lever 4. The levitation magnet 3 is a cylindrical magnet, axially magnetized, and has a through hole on its side surface so as to pass through the shaft rod 4. The suspension magnet 3 is opposite to the electromagnetic lifting unit up and down for generating a magnetic repulsive force for lifting the float.

The bowl 2 is made of a lightweight non-magnetically permeable material. An end cover 6 is sealed on a side port of the rotary drum 2, a core hole penetrating through the shaft lever is formed in the end cover 6, a bearing 5 is arranged in the core hole, and the bearing 5 is sleeved on the shaft lever 4, so that the rotary drum 2 can freely rotate around the shaft lever 4. The drum 2 is threaded in the middle of the shaft 4. A plurality of sheet magnets 7 are embedded on the rotary drum 2, the sheet magnets 7 are distributed on the rotary drum 2 in a grouping surrounding mode, and the sheet magnets 7 in each group are looped on the rotary drum 2 and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer circle of the rotary drum 2. Two adjacent sets of sheet magnets are staggered on the drum 2 (fig. 4). Each set of sheet magnets 7 is opposed up and down to a rotary drive coil 12 on the base 1 (fig. 4). The rotary driving coil pushes the sheet magnet 7 on the drum 2 by the regularly transformed magnetic repulsive force to generate a driving force for continuously rotating the float. The polarity rules outside each set of sheet magnets 7 are identical and may be arranged in an N-S-N-S manner, or in an N-S manner, for example. Two adjacent groups of sheet magnets 7 are installed at an included angle of 45 degrees in a staggered way. In this way, the entire drum can be rotated around the shaft in a stepwise or continuous manner in a stable manner by applying a regular pulse or sinusoidal drive to the four coils in the rotary drive coil assembly 10 in an open loop control manner similar to a conventional stepper motor or permanent magnet synchronous motor. Thereby achieving complete suspension of the horizontal axial float and controlled rotation of the drum in the middle of the float. The rotor at this time becomes a "rotor" on the same principle as a brushless dc motor.

As shown in fig. 1, two lifting magnets 9 at two ends of the base 1 jointly generate lifting magnetic fields, and the rotating drum 2 is jointly lifted by the shaft rod 4 corresponding to the suspension magnets 3 at two ends of the rotating drum, so that a stable double-end lifting structure is formed. Further, a stable equilibrium state can be achieved by the control system.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5, the structure of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that a dual rotor structure is designed. The structure is characterized in that a shaft lever 4 and a base 1 are lengthened, the suspension magnets 3 at two ends of a floater have corresponding supporting capacity, at the moment, two or more rotary drums 2 can be additionally arranged on the shaft lever 4, rotary driving coil groups with the same number as the rotary drums are correspondingly arranged on the base 1 below, the number of the rotary driving coils 12 in each group is consistent with the number of surrounding groups of the flaky magnets 7 inlaid on the rotary drums 2 opposite to the upper part of the rotary driving coil groups, and the positions of the rotary driving coil groups are opposite to each other one by one. And then each rotary driving coil set is controlled respectively. Thus, the two (or more) drums in the utility model can operate synchronously or independently, thereby obtaining more abundant and various demonstration effects.

Claims (6)

1. A magnetic suspension demonstration system taking a horizontal rotary drum as a floater comprises a stator and the floater, and is characterized in that:

the stator comprises a base, electromagnetic lifting units respectively arranged at two ends of the base, and a rotary driving coil arranged in the middle of the base and arranged in a straight line along the length direction of the base;

the floater comprises a horizontal shaft rod, suspension magnets respectively arranged at two ends of the shaft rod, a rotary drum penetrating through the middle of the shaft rod, flaky magnets uniformly distributed on the rotary drum, an end cover sealed on a side port of the rotary drum and a bearing arranged between the shaft rod and a core hole on the end cover;

the suspension magnet is vertically opposite to the electromagnetic lifting unit and is used for generating magnetic repulsive force for lifting the floater; the rotary driving coil pushes the sheet-shaped magnet on the drum through the transformed magnetic repulsive force to generate a driving force for rotating the drum.

2. The magnetic levitation demonstration system using the horizontal drum as the floater according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic lifting unit comprises a pallet, a lifting magnet arranged on the pallet, a positioning control coil arranged on the pallet and a position sensor arranged on the central position of the pallet; the position sensor is vertically opposite to the suspension magnet on the float.

3. The magnetic levitation demonstration system using the horizontal rotary drum as the floater according to claim 2, wherein the number of the lifting magnets in each electromagnetic lifting unit is four, and the lifting magnets are distributed at four corners of the supporting plate; the four positioning control coils in each electromagnetic lifting unit are respectively arranged between two lifting magnets on each side of the supporting plate, and the two positioning control coils with opposite positions are interconnected into a group and symmetrically distributed by using position sensors on the central position of the supporting plate.

4. A magnetic levitation demonstration system using a horizontal drum as a float according to claim 3 wherein the two positioning control coils in each group are connected in series or parallel but the direction of the energizing current should be kept opposite so that the magnetic poles generated in the two positioning control coils in each group are opposite to form a closed magnetic line.

5. The magnetic levitation demonstration system using the horizontal drum as the float according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the position sensor and the four positioning control coils is kept the same.

6. The magnetic levitation demonstration system using the horizontal rotary drum as the floater according to claim 1, wherein the flaky magnets are distributed on the rotary drum in a grouping and encircling mode, the flaky magnets in each group encircle the rotary drum to form circles, and the flaky magnets are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer circle of the rotary drum; two adjacent groups of sheet magnets are distributed on the rotary drum in a staggered manner; each set of the sheet magnets is opposed up and down to a rotary drive coil on the base.