CN219888678U - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein is an actuator comprising: the device comprises a driving device, a transmission mechanism and an executing mechanism; the output end of the driving device is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism; the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the execution mechanism; the output end of the transmission mechanism is a screw rod, and the execution mechanism comprises a screw barrel assembly and a push rod which are connected in sequence; a fixed sleeve is sleeved in the wire cylinder assembly, a plurality of fixed holes are formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve, a plurality of balls are arranged in the fixed holes and partially protrude out of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and the balls are in threaded connection with the screw rod; the driving device drives the transmission mechanism to rotate, drives the screw rod to rotate, and drives the screw cylinder assembly and the push rod to reciprocate through the ball which is in threaded connection with the screw rod. The push rod is in threaded connection with the screw rod through a plurality of balls, so that the reciprocating movement of the push rod is realized.

Description

Actuator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobile parts, in particular to an actuator.

Background

At present, door handles of most automobiles are of exposed convex design, on one hand, the design needs to consider the modeling of the door handle, and needs to be matched with the side surface of the automobile body so as to ensure good appearance, thus causing various limitations; on the other hand, the whole door handle is exposed, so that the inner side and the outer side of the handle are easy to be stained, and a driver can easily stain hands when opening the door; in addition, the outward protruding of the door handle not only damages the appearance of the side face of the whole automobile, but also causes fixed wind resistance and increases the running resistance of the automobile, and the door handle of the automobile with the design not only prevents the running of the automobile, but also causes unnecessary trouble under special conditions.

The actuator is an electric appliance component capable of being used for outputting force when the door handle stretches out, the hidden door handle can be slowly ejected from the automobile body when being assembled and used, so that the automobile body is simpler and more technological, but most of electric door handle actuators in the current market adopt screw rods to drive nuts to move, friction resistance is high in work, transmission speed is low, micro-feeding cannot be accurately controlled, abrasion is high, and therefore a new actuator scheme is needed to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present utility model is to provide an actuator that is simple in construction and inexpensive to produce.

An actuator, comprising: the device comprises a driving device, a transmission mechanism and an executing mechanism; the output end of the driving device is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism; the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the execution mechanism;

the output end of the transmission mechanism is a screw rod, and the execution mechanism comprises a screw barrel assembly and a push rod which are connected in sequence;

a fixed sleeve is sleeved in the wire cylinder assembly, a plurality of fixed holes are formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve, a plurality of balls are arranged in the fixed holes and partially protrude out of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a plurality of balls are in threaded connection with the screw rod;

the driving device is configured to drive the transmission mechanism to rotate, drive the screw rod to rotate, and drive the screw cylinder assembly and the push rod to reciprocate through the ball which is in threaded connection with the screw rod.

Preferably, the axis of the push rod is parallel to the axis of rotation of the drive means.

Preferably, a plurality of the fixing holes are distributed along a spiral path with the screw.

Preferably, the wire cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder body, the fixing sleeve is sleeved inside the cylinder body, a plurality of rollaway nest corresponding to the balls is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a part of the balls protruding out of the outer wall of the fixing sleeve is arranged in the rollaway nest.

Preferably, the actuator further comprises a housing, the housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing, slide ways are respectively arranged at the relative positions of the upper housing and the lower housing, two guide blocks are oppositely arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body in a radial outward direction, and the guide blocks are arranged on the slide ways to limit the rotation of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod.

Preferably, the output end of the driving device is a first worm, the transmission mechanism further comprises a gear worm assembly, the gear worm assembly comprises a first gear and a second worm, the first gear is meshed with the first worm, the screw rod is provided with a second gear, and the second gear is meshed with the second worm.

Preferably, the axis of rotation of the gear worm assembly is disposed at an angle to the first worm axis.

Preferably, an angle between the rotation axis of the gear worm assembly and the first worm axis is greater than or equal to 60 ° and less than or equal to 80 °.

Preferably, the transmission ratio of the first worm to the second gear is 25-71.

Preferably, the output power of the driving device is 5W to 40W.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the actuator of the utility model is in threaded connection with the screw rod through a plurality of balls, so that the reciprocating movement of the push rod is realized, the ball transmission system is in point contact rolling movement, the friction resistance in the work is small, the sensitivity is high, no vibration is generated during starting, no creeping is generated during low speed, and therefore, the micro-feeding can be accurately controlled; meanwhile, the transmission efficiency is high, and larger thrust can be obtained by smaller torque.

2. The actuator realizes the fixation and free rotation of the ball by arranging the rollaway nest and the fixed sleeve.

3. According to the actuator disclosed by the utility model, the two guide blocks are oppositely arranged on the outer contour of the cylinder body, and the slide ways matched with the two guide blocks are arranged on the upper shell and the lower shell, so that the rotation of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod is limited, and meanwhile, the resistance of the cylinder body in moving is reduced.

Other features of the present utility model and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the utility model, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an actuator casing according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lead screw and the second gear in the actuator according to the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a gear worm in an actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the push rod and wire cylinder assembly of the actuator according to the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lower housing in the actuator according to the preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

The figures are marked as follows:

1-driving device, 11-first worm, 2-driving mechanism, 21-first gear,

22-second worm, 23-second gear, 24-screw rod, 3-actuating mechanism, 31-push rod,

32-fixed sleeve, 33-ball, 34-cylinder, 35-roller path and 36-guide block

4-upper shell, 5-lower shell, 51-slideway, 6-gasket and 7-sealing ring

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the utility model, its application, or uses.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an actuator includes: a driving device 1, a transmission mechanism 2 and an executing mechanism 3; the output end of the driving device 1 is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism 2; the output end of the transmission mechanism 2 is connected with the execution mechanism 3;

the output end of the transmission mechanism is a screw rod 24, and the execution mechanism 2 comprises a screw barrel assembly and a push rod 31 which are sequentially connected;

a fixed sleeve 32 is sleeved in the wire cylinder assembly, a plurality of fixed holes are formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve 32, a plurality of balls 33 are arranged in the fixed holes and partially protrude out of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 32, and the balls 33 are in threaded connection with the screw rod 24;

the driving device 1 is configured to drive the transmission mechanism 2 to rotate, drive the screw rod 24 to rotate, and drive the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod 31 to reciprocate through the ball 33 screwed with the screw rod 24.

Specifically, the actuator comprises a driving device 1, a transmission mechanism 2 and an actuating mechanism 3, wherein the output end of the driving device 1 is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism 2; the output end of the transmission mechanism 2 is connected with the actuating mechanism 3, the actuating mechanism 2 comprises a screw cylinder assembly and a push rod 31 arranged at the front end of the screw cylinder assembly, the output end of the transmission mechanism 2 is provided with a screw rod 24, the screw rod 24 is in threaded connection with the screw cylinder assembly, in the embodiment, a plurality of balls 33 are in threaded connection with the screw rod 24, in order to realize the fixation of the balls, the inventor sets the balls 33 on a fixed sleeve 32 with a plurality of fixed holes on the side wall, part of the balls 33 protrudes out of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 32, the fixed sleeve 32 with the balls 33 is sleeved in the screw cylinder assembly, when the driving device 1 drives the transmission mechanism 2 to rotate, the screw rod 24 is driven to rotate, the screw cylinder assembly is driven to move by the balls 33 in threaded connection with the screw rod 24, and the push rod 31 is driven to move.

Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the push rod is realized through the threaded connection of the plurality of balls and the screw rod, the ball transmission system is in point contact rolling movement, the friction resistance is small in work, the sensitivity is high, no vibration is generated during starting, no creeping is generated at low speed, and therefore micro-feeding can be accurately controlled; meanwhile, the transmission efficiency is high, and larger thrust can be obtained by smaller torque.

Preferably, the axis of the push rod 31 is parallel to the axis of rotation of the drive device 1.

It will be appreciated that the rotational movement of the drive 1 is converted by the transmission 2 into a linear movement of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod 31, the axis of the push rod 31 being parallel to the rotational axis of the drive 1, which reduces the space within the actuator and avoids output force losses.

Preferably, a plurality of the fixing holes are distributed along a spiral path with the screw 24.

Specifically, in order to realize that the balls 33 can be screwed with the screw 24, a fixing hole for fixing the balls 33 is arranged on the spiral path of the screw 24. The spiral wheel diameter is composed of a plurality of spiral leads.

In this embodiment, the length of the fixed sleeve 32 may be arranged in a spiral path consisting of one spiral lead, with 3 balls arranged on each spiral lead.

In other implementations, the length of the retaining sleeve 32 may be arranged in a helical path made up of a plurality of helical leads, with more than 3 balls disposed on each helical lead.

As shown in fig. 5, the wire cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder 34, the fixing sleeve 32 is sleeved inside the cylinder 34, a plurality of raceways 35 corresponding to the balls 33 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 34, and parts of the balls 33 protruding out of the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 32 are arranged in the raceways 35.

In this embodiment, the wire barrel assembly includes a barrel 34 sleeved with a fixing sleeve 32, and a plurality of raceways 35 capable of accommodating the balls 33 protruding from the outer wall portion of the fixing sleeve 32 are provided on the inner wall of the barrel 34 at positions corresponding to the plurality of balls 33.

In other embodiments, instead of providing the inner wall of the cylinder 34 with a raceway for the balls 33, the outer surface of the stationary sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, on which the above-described fixing hole for mounting the balls 33 is provided, the balls 33 being freely rotatable in the spiral groove.

Therefore, the ball is fixed and freely rotates through the arrangement of the rollaway nest and the fixed sleeve.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the actuator further comprises a housing, the housing comprises an upper housing 4 and a lower housing 5, a slide way 51 is respectively arranged at the positions of the upper housing 4 and the lower housing 5, two guide blocks 36 are oppositely arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body radially outwards, and the guide blocks 36 limit the rotation of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod 31 on the slide way 51.

Specifically, the actuator comprises a housing composed of an upper housing 4 and a lower housing 5, the driving device 1, the transmission mechanism 2 and the actuating mechanism 3 are all installed in the lower housing 5, and an installation groove capable of installing the driving device 1, the transmission mechanism 2 and the actuating mechanism 3 is arranged in the lower housing 5.

More specifically, in order to achieve the protection level of the housing, a seal ring 7 is installed at a position where the push rod 31 protrudes between the upper housing 4 and the lower housing 5, and the upper housing 4 and the lower housing 5 are connected by welding. The welding mode can adopt one of a laser welding mode, an ultrasonic welding mode, a resistance welding mode and a friction welding mode.

The laser welding method is an efficient and precise welding method which uses a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source.

The ultrasonic welding method is to transfer high-frequency vibration waves to the surfaces of two objects to be welded, and under the condition of pressurization, the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed with each other to form fusion between molecular layers.

The resistance welding method is a method of welding by using a strong current to pass through a contact point between an electrode and a workpiece and generating heat by a contact resistance.

The friction welding method is a method of welding a workpiece by generating plastic deformation under pressure by using heat generated by friction of a workpiece contact surface as a heat source.

The upper shell 4 and the lower shell 5 can also adopt a screwed connection mode, and in order to ensure the protection level of the shells, a sealing gasket is arranged on the connection end face of the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 5, and a sealing glue seam is used for the bolts.

In this embodiment, in order to realize the threaded connection of the wire cylinder assembly and the screw rod 24 and further move the push rod 31, the inventor relatively sets two guide blocks 36 on the outer surface of the cylinder 31, and meanwhile, slide ways 51 are arranged at positions of the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 5 corresponding to the guide blocks 36, and the two guide blocks 36 move on the slide ways 51 of the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 5 respectively, so that the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod 31 are limited to rotate, and resistance of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod 31 in moving is reduced, and meanwhile, when the guide blocks 36 move to the front end of the slide ways 51 and abut against the slide ways, the push rod 31 moves to the maximum preset moving distance, so that the slide ways 51 play a limiting role.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the output end of the driving device 1 is a first worm 11, the transmission mechanism further comprises a gear worm assembly, the gear worm assembly comprises a first gear 21 and a second worm 22, the first gear 21 is meshed with the first worm 11, the screw 24 is provided with a second gear 23, and the second gear 23 is meshed with the second worm 22.

Specifically, the inventor sets the output end of the driving device 1 as a first worm 11, in order to realize that the output force of the driving device 1 is transmitted to a lead screw 24 through the first worm 11, the transmission mechanism further comprises a gear worm assembly consisting of a first gear 21 and a second worm 22, the first gear 21 is meshed with the first worm 11, the lead screw 24 is provided with a second gear 23, the second gear 23 is meshed with the second worm 22, and the axis of the first gear 21 and the axis of the second worm 22 are overlapped; the first worm 11 rotates through the gear worm assembly to drive the second gear 23 to rotate so as to drive the wire cylinder assembly to move.

In some embodiments, in order to reduce the output rotation speed and improve the output torque, the first worm 11 and the second worm 22 are designed as 3-head worms, and the first gear 21 and the second gear 23 are designed as helical gears, mainly by utilizing the change of the helical gear screw degree, and ensuring the motion stability of gear engagement; the bearing capacity of the gear can be improved due to the increase of the overlap ratio of the bevel gears, so that the service life of the gear is prolonged, and meanwhile, the bevel gears are compact in structure and can bring relatively ideal deceleration effect. Thus, the gradual speed reduction is realized, and the output torque is improved to increase the output force.

In order to ensure smooth rotation of the second gear 23, the inventor adds a gasket 6 made of copper to the end surface of the second gear 23, which is in contact with the mounting groove, so that friction between the second gear 23 and the mounting groove can be reduced, and noise can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the driving device 1 is composed of a motor and a first worm 11.

In other embodiments, the drive 1 consists of a hydraulic motor and a first worm 11.

Thus, by providing the second bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 52, a force transmission from the output gear 2 to the first bevel gear 4 is achieved, a stepwise deceleration and an increase in the output force are achieved.

Preferably, the axis of rotation of the gear worm assembly is disposed at an angle to the axis of the first worm 11.

Preferably, the angle between the rotation axis of the gear worm assembly and the axis of the first worm 11 is greater than or equal to 60 ° and less than or equal to 80 °.

Specifically, in order to reduce the space in which the actuator is disposed and avoid the loss of the output force, the inventor has disposed the rotation axis of the gear worm assembly at an angle to the axis of the first worm 11, and the angle between the rotation axis of the gear worm assembly and the axis of the first worm 11 is 60 ° or more and 80 ° or less. The inventors tested with different angles between 60 ° and 80 °, and found that when the angle between the axis of rotation of the gear worm assembly and the axis of the first worm 11 is equal to 70 °, the space within the actuator is minimal, while the loss of output force is minimal, so in this embodiment the angle between the axis of rotation of the gear worm assembly and the axis of the first worm 11 is equal to 70 °.

Preferably, the transmission ratio of the first worm 11 to the second gear 23 is 25-71.

Specifically, the transmission ratio of the first worm 11 to the second gear 23 is 25 to 71. The transmission ratio=the driving wheel rotation speed/the driven wheel rotation speed, in this embodiment, the first worm 11 is a driving wheel, the second gear 23 is a driven wheel, and it can be seen from the formula that the transmission ratio is inversely proportional to the driven wheel rotation speed, that is, the smaller the transmission ratio is, the larger the rotation speed of the driven wheel is, and abnormal noise is likely to occur due to inaccurate control. Therefore, the inventors selected the driving wheel, that is, the first worm 11, to test the different transmission ratios of the first worm 11 and the second gear 23 without changing the rotation speed, and observed the number of times of completion of the push rod 3 ejection or opening operation within 1 minute, and failed for less than 40 times, and failed for occurrence of abnormal noise, and the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1: influence of the transmission ratio of the first worm 11 and the second gear 23 on the speed of the actuator

Ratio of transmission	12.5	25	28	33	36	40.5	44	49.5	54	63	71	75
													Number of completions	163	156	149	137	129	116	94	80	67	55	40	38
Whether or not to make abnormal sound	Is that	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not	Whether or not

As can be seen from table 1, if the transmission ratio of the first worm 11 to the second gear 23 is less than 25, abnormal noise occurs in the actuator, so that the actuator is not qualified; meanwhile, when the transmission ratio of the first worm 11 to the second gear 23 is greater than 71, the locking or opening action of the actuator completed within 1 minute is less than 40 times, and the response speed is too slow and is not qualified; therefore, the inventors have selected the gear ratio of the first worm 11 to the second gear 23 to be 25 to 71.

Preferably, the output power of the driving device 1 is 5W to 40W.

Specifically, the output power of the driving device 1 is 5W to 40W. The output power of the driving device 1 determines the working speed of the actuator, and the higher the power is, the faster the actuator completes the work, the lower the power is, the slower the actuator completes the work, and even the ejection work of the push rod 3 cannot be completed. In order to test the influence of output power on the operation of an actuator, the inventor performs relevant tests, wherein the testing method is to select driving devices 1 with different output powers, other structures of the actuator are the same, each driving device 1 continuously works for 1 minute, the number of times that the actuator finishes the operation is recorded, the number of times is more than or equal to 40 and is qualified, and the number of times is less than 40 and is not qualified. If abnormal sound occurs during the operation of the actuator, the actuator is regarded as unqualified. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: influence of different output powers on actuator speed and abnormal sound

As shown in table 2, when the output power of the driving device 1 is less than 5W, the number of times of switching performed by the actuator is less than 40 times within 1 minute, and the speed is too slow to be unacceptable, so the inventor selects the minimum power of the driving device 1 to be 5W, when the output power of the driving device 1 is greater than 40W, the actuator is affected by the overall design, the speed enters the bottleneck period without obvious improvement, and abnormal noise occurs, so the output power of the driving device 1 selected by the inventor is 5W to 40W. Specifically, 5W, 7W, 10W, 12.4W, 18W, 25W, 28W, 31W, 35W, 38W, 40W, and the like are possible.

The working principle of the actuator is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: the motor 1 is started, the output shaft rotates to drive the first worm 11 to rotate, the first worm 11 is meshed with the first gear 51 and drives the second worm 22 to rotate together, the second worm 22 is meshed with the second gear 23 and drives the screw rod 24 to rotate, the screw rod 24 is in threaded connection with the ball 33, the rotation is converted into linear motion of the cylinder 34 and the push rod 3, when the push rod 31 reaches a preset maximum movement displacement, the sliding block 36 moves to the front end of the slide way 51 along the slide way 51, and the push rod 3 stops moving. When the motor 1 rotates in the reverse direction, the push rod 3 retracts.

While certain specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An actuator, comprising: the device comprises a driving device, a transmission mechanism and an executing mechanism; the output end of the driving device is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism; the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with the execution mechanism;

the output end of the transmission mechanism is a screw rod, and the execution mechanism comprises a screw barrel assembly and a push rod which are connected in sequence;

a fixed sleeve is sleeved in the wire cylinder assembly, a plurality of fixed holes are formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve, a plurality of balls are arranged in the fixed holes and partially protrude out of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve, and a plurality of balls are in threaded connection with the screw rod;

the driving device is configured to drive the transmission mechanism to rotate, drive the screw rod to rotate, and drive the screw cylinder assembly and the push rod to reciprocate through the ball which is in threaded connection with the screw rod.

2. The actuator of claim 1, wherein: the axis of the push rod is parallel to the rotation axis of the driving device.

3. The actuator of claim 1, wherein: the fixing holes are distributed along a spiral path with the screw rod.

4. The actuator of claim 1, wherein: the wire cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder body, the fixed sleeve is sleeved inside the cylinder body, a plurality of rollaway nest corresponding to the balls are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the balls are arranged in the rollaway nest to protrude out of the outer wall of the fixed sleeve.

5. The actuator of claim 4, wherein: the actuator further comprises a shell, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, slide ways are respectively arranged at the relative positions of the upper shell and the lower shell, two guide blocks are oppositely arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body in a radial outward direction, and the guide blocks are used for limiting the rotation of the wire cylinder assembly and the push rod on the slide ways.

6. The actuator of claim 1, wherein: the output end of the driving device is a first worm, the transmission mechanism further comprises a gear worm assembly, the gear worm assembly comprises a first gear and a second worm, the first gear is meshed with the first worm, the screw rod is provided with a second gear, and the second gear is meshed with the second worm.

7. The actuator of claim 6, wherein: the axis of rotation of the gear worm assembly is disposed at an angle to the first worm axis.

8. The actuator of claim 7, wherein: an included angle between the rotation axis of the gear worm assembly and the first worm axis is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees.

9. The actuator of claim 6, wherein the first worm and the second gear have a gear ratio of 25 to 71.

10. The actuator of claim 1, wherein the output power of the drive means is 5W to 40W.