CN219875498U - Switching power supply circuit - Google Patents
Switching power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN219875498U CN219875498U CN202320092672.4U CN202320092672U CN219875498U CN 219875498 U CN219875498 U CN 219875498U CN 202320092672 U CN202320092672 U CN 202320092672U CN 219875498 U CN219875498 U CN 219875498U
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A switching power supply circuit, comprising: the primary side circuit, the transformer, the secondary side circuit and the third winding clamping circuit; the drain electrode of the primary circuit switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D1 are connected to form a switching power supply circuit input end, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D2 are connected to one end of a primary winding, the anode of the clamping diode D1 and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected to the other end of the primary winding, and the anode of the clamping diode D2 and the source electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected to form a primary grounding end of the switching power supply circuit; the secondary side circuit and the primary side circuit form a forward structure; the drain electrode of the third winding clamping circuit switching tube Q3 is connected with one end of a third winding, the source electrode and one end of a clamping capacitor C3 are connected to form a third winding clamping circuit grounding end, and the other end of the third winding and the other end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected to form a third winding clamping circuit output end; the third winding clamping circuit is connected with the primary circuit in a flyback way. The utility model realizes a low-cost, high-efficiency and small-volume double-tube forward zero-voltage switching-on switching power supply circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of switching power supplies, in particular to a switching power supply circuit.
Background
The isolated forward topology is widely applied to the field of medium and small power switch power supplies due to the characteristics of simple structure, high efficiency and the like. In the traditional forward topology, the ideal excitation inductance is equivalent to infinity, however, in the actual design and application process, the excitation inductance stores a small part of energy. This part of energy cannot be transferred to the output terminal through the forward transformer, so that the excitation inductance needs to be reset by adding an excitation inductance freewheel path. The traditional scheme comprises third winding reset, double-tube forward excitation, RCD demagnetization and resonance demagnetization. The primary side clamping diode of the double-tube forward topology can provide a demagnetizing loop for exciting inductance and leakage inductance, so that peak stress of the power switch tube is reduced, and the power switch tube is widely applied to small and medium power occasions. As the market demands for power density and product volume continue to increase, the progress of miniaturization and high frequency of switching power supplies continues to advance. The zero-voltage switching on (soft switching technology) for realizing the double-tube forward topology can further reduce the volume of the product, and brings greater advantages and application space to the topology.
Currently, forward topology implementation of soft switching techniques relies mainly on improvements that add additional circuitry and control schemes. Zhejiang university discloses in 2013 an "isolated soft-switching double-tube forward resonant DC/DC circuit" that relies on the primary side to add additional inductance and resonance capacitance to achieve zero voltage. This entails an increase in volume and cost and the realization of soft switching by means of a not fully controllable resonant energy, the usable range of which is limited. The other adopts a phase shift modulation strategy, and based on the realization of quick reset of primary side current, additional parasitic oscillation peak is brought to a secondary side rectifying tube and a freewheeling tube. Additional voltage spike absorbing circuits also entail additional losses. And the scheme is complex in control and obvious in cost increase. The problem with the prior art is that neither passive resonance nor phase shift modulation strategies are suitable for zero voltage requirements at various powers.
On the other hand, the forward winding can reset the exciting inductance through the third winding and simultaneously supply power to the system in a forward mode. In the patent application No. 200310119297.5, entitled "Forward Circuit incorporating active clamping and auxiliary Power supply circuits", the third winding reset and auxiliary Power supply are combined as shown in FIG. 1. The active clamping circuit adopts a forward connection mode, energy required by realizing zero voltage opening at the primary side cannot be provided for the excitation inductance, and a voltage peak can be generated by the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the transformer without a release path. In the design of the traditional forward topology transformer, the exciting inductor is not used as an energy storage element, and the flyback third winding is only used for providing an exciting inductor demagnetizing loop, so that energy is recovered to the bus capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a switching power supply circuit which adopts a flyback third winding active clamping technology to realize zero-voltage switching-on of a double-tube forward topology.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the switching power supply circuit provided by the present utility model is as follows:
a switching power supply circuit, comprising:
primary side circuit, transformer TX1, secondary side circuit and third winding clamp circuit;
the transformer TX1 comprises a primary winding P1 and a secondary winding S1, wherein one end of the primary winding P1 and one end of the secondary winding S1 are the same-name ends;
the primary side circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a clamping diode D1 and a clamping diode D2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D1 are connected together to serve as the input end of the switching power supply circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D2 are simultaneously connected with one end of the primary side winding P1, the anode of the clamping diode D1 and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the primary side winding P1, and the anode of the clamping diode D2 and the source electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected together to serve as the primary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit, wherein the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are configured to synchronously work;
the secondary side circuit is connected with a secondary side winding S1 of the transformer TX1 in parallel, the secondary side circuit and the primary side circuit form a forward structure, a first output end of the secondary side circuit is an output end of the switching power supply circuit, and a second output end of the secondary side circuit is a secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit;
the third winding clamping circuit comprises a third winding S2, a switching tube Q3 and a clamping capacitor C3, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q3 is connected with one end of the third winding S2, the source electrode of the switching tube Q3 and one end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as a grounding end of the third winding clamping circuit, and the other end of the third winding S2 and the other end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as an output end of the third winding clamping circuit;
one end of the primary winding P1 of the transformer TX1 and one end of the third winding S2 are the same-name ends, so that the third winding clamping circuit and the primary circuit form flyback connection.
Preferably, the ground terminal of the third winding clamping circuit is connected with the primary ground terminal of the switching power supply circuit.
Preferably, the ground terminal of the third winding clamping circuit is connected with the secondary side ground terminal of the switching power supply circuit.
Further, the magnetic core of the transformer TX1 is provided with an air gap.
Further, the third winding S2 is an auxiliary power supply winding inside the switching power supply circuit, so that an output end of the third winding clamping circuit provides an operating voltage for an active device inside the switching power supply circuit.
Further, the on-time of the switching tube Q3 is configured to be smaller than the minimum on-time of the switching tube Q1.
Preferably, the secondary side circuit includes a rectifying tube D3, a freewheeling diode D4, an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, one end of the rectifying tube D3 is connected to one end of the secondary side winding S1, the other end of the rectifying tube D3 is simultaneously connected to one end of the output inductor L2 and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D4, the other end of the output inductor L2 and one end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as an output end of the switching power supply, and the anode of the diode D4 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as a secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply; wherein the rectifier tube D3 allows the current to flow from one end to the other.
Preferably, the rectifying tube D3 is a diode or a MOS tube.
Further, the output inductor L2 is configured to operate in a discontinuous mode.
The working principle of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein. The topology of the switching power supply circuit not only maintains the advantages of low stress, no voltage peak, no bridge arm straight-through, high reliability and the like of the first switch and the second switch tube of the double-tube forward converter, but also has the following beneficial effects compared with the double-tube forward converter in the prior art:
1. according to the switching power supply provided by the embodiment of the utility model, zero voltage conduction of the first switching tube and the second switching tube is realized by adopting flyback third winding clamping through optimizing the design of the excitation inductance, so that the switching loss is reduced, and the efficiency is improved;
2. the switching power supply of the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of simple topological structure, easy realization of a control scheme and low cost;
3. the switching power supply topology of the embodiment of the utility model works in a discontinuous mode, and the secondary side continuous flow pipe has no reverse recovery loss, so that the efficiency of the switching power supply can be further improved;
4. the third winding in the switching power supply topology of the embodiment of the utility model can be used as a power supply end of an active component in the whole switching power supply, simplifies the power supply scheme in the switching power supply and is beneficial to reducing the volume of a switching power supply product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forward circuit incorporating active clamp and auxiliary power circuits as described in 200310119297.5;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a switching power supply circuit of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another switching power supply circuit of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a logic diagram illustrating operation sequences of the switching power supply circuits of fig. 2 and 3.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the utility model, briefly summarized below, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.
It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, as described in the specification and claims of the present utility model, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, that a series of elements, unit circuits, or control timings are not necessarily limited to those elements, unit circuits, or control timings explicitly listed, but may include elements, unit circuits, or control timings not explicitly listed or inherent to such circuits.
In addition, the embodiments of the present utility model and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision.
It will be understood that, in the description and in the claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element; when it is described that a step is continued to another step, the step may be continued directly to the another step or through a third step to the another step.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a switching power supply circuit according to the present utility model, and fig. 3 is a block diagram of another switching power supply circuit according to the present utility model, please refer to fig. 2 and 3, wherein the switching power supply circuit includes: primary side circuit, transformer TX1, secondary side circuit and third winding clamp circuit; the transformer TX1 comprises a primary winding P1 and a secondary winding S1, wherein one end of the primary winding P1 and one end of the secondary winding S1 are the same-name ends; the primary side circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a clamping diode D1 and a clamping diode D2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D1 are connected together to serve as the input end of the switching power supply circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D2 are simultaneously connected with one end of a primary side winding P1, the anode of the clamping diode D1 and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the primary side winding P1, the anode of the clamping diode D2 and the source electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected together to serve as the primary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit, and the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are configured to synchronously work; the secondary side circuit is connected with a secondary side winding S1 of the transformer TX1 in parallel, the secondary side circuit and the primary side circuit form a forward structure, a first output end of the secondary side circuit is an output end of the switching power supply circuit, and a second output end of the secondary side circuit is a secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit; the third winding clamping circuit comprises a third winding S2, a switching tube Q3 and a clamping capacitor C3, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q3 is connected with one end of the third winding S2, the source electrode of the switching tube Q3 and one end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as the grounding end of the third winding clamping circuit, and the other end of the third winding S2 and the other end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as the output end of the third winding clamping circuit; the primary winding P1 end and the tertiary winding S2 end of the transformer TX1 are the same-name ends, so that the tertiary winding clamping circuit and the primary circuit form flyback connection.
The clamping diode D1 and the clamping diode D2 can form a demagnetizing loop of leakage inductance and excitation inductance residual energy, and normal operation of the switching power supply is guaranteed.
Fig. 4 is a logic diagram of the operation sequence of the switching power supply circuit of fig. 2 and 3, please refer to fig. 4, wherein:
SW1 and SW2 are driving voltages of the first switching tube and the second switching tube, wherein a high level indicates on and a low level indicates off;
I Lo a current representing the output inductance;
I Lm representing the exciting inductance current of the transformer;
V ds_Q1 /V ds_Q2 the drain-source voltages of the first switch and the second switch tube are respectively represented;
V DD representing the clamp capacitance voltage;
in each operating cycle of the switching power supply, the following operating phases are included:
in the period of t0-t1, after the demagnetization of the output inductor is finished, the switching tube Q3 is conducted, the energy stored in the clamping capacitor C3 carries out reverse excitation energy storage on the transformer TX1 through the switching tube Q3, and the current I of the primary side winding Lm Negative and increasing gradually;
in the period of t1-t2, the switching tube Q3 is turned off, which is dead time,current I generated by the primary winding Lm Flows to an input source and extracts charges in parasitic capacitances of the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2;
at time t2, i.e. the current I generated by the primary winding Lm Before the direction of the switch is reversed, the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q2 are turned on, or when the drain-source voltages of the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q2 are reduced to a first threshold value, the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q2 are turned on;
in the period of t2-t3, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are conducted, the transformer TX1 transmits energy to the secondary side, the output inductor is excited, the excitation inductor is excited to store energy, and meanwhile, the current I generated by the primary side winding is excited Lm Gradually increasing to a maximum value;
in the time period of t3-t5, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are turned off, exciting inductance energy is transmitted to the clamping capacitor through the third winding S2 and the switching tube Q3, and leakage inductance energy and residual energy in the exciting inductance are demagnetized through a second current loop formed by the clamping diode D1, the primary winding P1 of the transformer and the clamping diode D2.
In specific implementation, the on time of the switching tube Q3 can be adjusted by detecting the drain-source voltage of the switching tube Q2, so that the drain-source voltage of the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 can resonate to zero, and zero-voltage conduction of the switching tube Q1/Q2 is realized.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the ground terminal of the third winding clamping circuit is connected to the primary ground terminal of the switching power supply circuit.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the ground terminal of the third winding clamp is connected to the secondary ground terminal of the switching power supply circuit.
Further, the magnetic core of the transformer TX1 is provided with an air gap, so as to increase the energy storage of the exciting inductance, so that it can store enough energy and transfer the energy to the third winding.
Further, the third winding S2 is an auxiliary power supply winding inside the switching power supply circuit, so that an output end of the third winding clamping circuit provides an operating voltage for an active device inside the switching power supply circuit.
Preferably, the on time of the switching tube Q3 is configured to be smaller than the minimum on time of the switching tube Q1, so that the energy stored in the exciting inductance in the forward exciting process is greater than or equal to the energy in the reverse exciting process of the third winding, that is, greater than or equal to the energy required for realizing zero voltage turn-on of the primary switching tube Q1/Q2, so as to keep the voltage of the C3 capacitor stable.
With continued reference to fig. 2 or fig. 3, the secondary circuit includes a rectifying tube D3, a freewheeling diode D4, an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, one end of the rectifying tube D3 is connected to one end of the secondary winding S1, the other end of the rectifying tube D3 is simultaneously connected to one end of the output inductor L2 and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D4, the other end of the output inductor L2 and one end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as an output end of the switching power supply, and the anode of the diode D4 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as a secondary grounding end of the switching power supply; wherein the rectifier tube D3 allows the current to flow from one end to the other.
Preferably, the rectifying tube D3 is a diode or a MOS tube.
Preferably, the output inductor L2 is configured to operate in an intermittent mode, so that the switching tube Q3 can reversely excite the exciting inductor when the output inductor L2 is turned on after demagnetization is finished, and provides energy required by the primary side switching tube Q1/Q2 to realize zero voltage turn-on.
It should be noted that, for the sequential logic schematic diagram of fig. 3, the switching power supply operates in a discontinuous mode, and when the input voltage of the switching power supply is less than or equal to the output voltage or is in a light-load working condition, the on duration of the second switching tube may be zero.
Preferably, the excitation inductance Lm < (T.d)/(2×coss) of the transformer, wherein T.d is the minimum on time of the switching tube Q3, coss is the equivalent junction capacitance of the primary side MOS tube, and the purpose is that the negative current generated by the conduction of the switching tube Q3 is greater than or equal to the negative current required for realizing the zero voltage on of the primary side switching tube Q1/Q2.
Preferably, the switching transistor Q3 is an NMOS transistor.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present utility model are merely preferred embodiments, and it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present utility model, and it should be further appreciated that, according to the above-mentioned aspects of the present utility model, many other modifications, substitutions or alterations can be made by the person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the basic technical concept of the present utility model, and all such modifications, substitutions or alterations fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A switching power supply circuit, comprising:
primary side circuit, transformer TX1, secondary side circuit and third winding clamp circuit;
the transformer TX1 comprises a primary winding P1 and a secondary winding S1, wherein one end of the primary winding P1 and one end of the secondary winding S1 are the same-name ends;
the primary side circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a clamping diode D1 and a clamping diode D2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D1 are connected together to serve as the input end of the switching power supply circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 and the cathode of the clamping diode D2 are simultaneously connected with one end of the primary side winding P1, the anode of the clamping diode D1 and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q2 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the primary side winding P1, and the anode of the clamping diode D2 and the source electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected together to serve as the primary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit, wherein the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are configured to synchronously work;
the secondary side circuit is connected with a secondary side winding S1 of the transformer TX1 in parallel, the secondary side circuit and the primary side circuit form a forward structure, a first output end of the secondary side circuit is an output end of the switching power supply circuit, and a second output end of the secondary side circuit is a secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit;
the third winding clamping circuit comprises a third winding S2, a switching tube Q3 and a clamping capacitor C3, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q3 is connected with one end of the third winding S2, the source electrode of the switching tube Q3 and one end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as a grounding end of the third winding clamping circuit, and the other end of the third winding S2 and the other end of the clamping capacitor C3 are connected together to serve as an output end of the third winding clamping circuit;
one end of the primary winding P1 of the transformer TX1 and one end of the third winding S2 are the same-name ends, so that the third winding clamping circuit and the primary circuit form flyback connection.
2. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein: and the grounding end of the third winding clamping circuit is connected with the original side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit.
3. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein: and the grounding end of the third winding clamping circuit is connected with the secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply circuit.
4. A switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the magnetic core of the transformer TX1 is provided with an air gap.
5. A switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the third winding S2 is an auxiliary power supply winding inside the switching power supply circuit, so that an output end of the third winding clamping circuit provides a working voltage for an active device inside the switching power supply circuit.
6. A switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the on-time of the switching tube Q3 is configured to be smaller than the minimum on-time of the switching tube Q1.
7. A switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the secondary side circuit comprises a rectifying tube D3, a freewheeling diode D4, an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, wherein one end of the rectifying tube D3 is connected with one end of the secondary side winding S1, the other end of the rectifying tube D3 is simultaneously connected with one end of the output inductor L2 and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D4, the other end of the output inductor L2 and one end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as an output end of the switching power supply, and the anode of the diode D4 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are connected together to serve as a secondary side grounding end of the switching power supply; wherein the rectifier tube D3 allows the current to flow from one end to the other.
8. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 7, wherein: the rectifying tube D3 is a diode or a MOS tube.
9. The switching power supply circuit according to claim 7, wherein: the output inductor L2 is configured to operate in a discontinuous mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320092672.4U CN219875498U (en) | 2023-01-31 | 2023-01-31 | Switching power supply circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320092672.4U CN219875498U (en) | 2023-01-31 | 2023-01-31 | Switching power supply circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219875498U true CN219875498U (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202320092672.4U Active CN219875498U (en) | 2023-01-31 | 2023-01-31 | Switching power supply circuit |
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| CN (1) | CN219875498U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-01-31 CN CN202320092672.4U patent/CN219875498U/en active Active
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