CN219830105U - Broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on reflection and transmission integrated structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wide-spectrum imaging spectrometer based on a reflection and transmission integrated structure, which relates to the field of spectrometers, and comprises a coaxial reflection outer cylinder and a coaxial transmission outer cylinder, wherein a slit assembly is arranged at the incident end of the coaxial reflection outer cylinder; a spherical reflecting mirror and a plane reflecting mirror are arranged above the slit component; the incident light passes through the plane reflector, is reflected by the spherical reflector, and is reflected again by the plane reflector and is sent into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder; a grating prism module and a focusing inner cylinder are arranged in the coaxial transmission outer cylinder along the transmission direction, and a cemented lens module is arranged in the focusing inner cylinder; the cemented lens module is fixed to be set up in focusing inner tube, and focusing inner tube is placed in the regulation chamber of coaxial transmission urceolus, and adjusts the width in chamber and be greater than the width of focusing inner tube. The spectrometer adopts reflection and transmission integrated imaging layout, realizes the advantages of high luminous flux, high integration level and adjustable focal length, and improves the spectral imaging effect and flexibility.

Description

Broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on reflection and transmission integrated structure

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the field of spectrometers, in particular to a wide-spectrum imaging spectrometer based on a reflection and transmission integrated structure.

Background

The hyperspectral imager is also called a spectrum camera, a hyperspectral camera and a hyperspectral instrument, and is a nondestructive testing analysis instrument which perfectly combines the imaging spectrometer with the area array detector and can simultaneously and rapidly acquire spectrum and image information. The hyperspectral imager mainly comprises the following components: a collimating mirror, a spectrometer, a focusing lens and an area array detector.

The imaging spectrometer forms an image of a line on the target at a time, and splits the light so that each spectral component corresponds to a pixel point on the linear array. Thus, each image structure from the spectral camera includes a linear array of pixels in one spatial axis dimension and a spectral distribution in another spectral axis dimension.

In the related Offner imaging technology, the spectral structure of the Offner structural imaging spectrometer generally adopts a Roland circle off-axis three-reflection structure, namely, the spectral structure consists of two concave spherical reflectors and a convex spherical grating, wherein the convex spherical grating is positioned between the two concave reflectors, and the spherical centers of all the reflecting spheres are positioned at the same point. After the light emitted from the object plane is reflected by the first concave spherical reflector, the light is split by the convex spherical grating to obtain monochromatic diffraction light, and the monochromatic diffraction light is reflected by the second concave spherical reflector and focused on the image plane. Except that the light rays emitted from different angles on the meridian plane have the same optical path difference with the principal ray passing through the principal axis; the optical path differences of the light rays incident at different angles on other planes and the principal light rays are different. Therefore, the light splitting structure of the Roland circle off-axis three-reflection can only ensure that the light rays emitted from the meridian plane and the principal ray passing through the principal axis have the same optical path difference, can only eliminate meridian aberration, and cannot simultaneously consider the influence of other aberrations. In addition, the reflective grating has to be plated with a metal reflective film on the surface, which inevitably causes different diffraction efficiency of light rays with different polarization degrees, and the existence of the polarization effect can cause errors in calibration of the reflectivity of the test target, so that the imaging quality needs to be improved.

Practical content

The embodiment of the utility model provides a wide-spectrum imaging spectrometer based on a reflection and transmission integrated structure, which solves the problems of deviation and polarization effect of off-axis components of an off-axis reflection imaging structure. The coaxial reflection outer barrel is used for reflecting the light path and the coaxial transmission outer barrel is used for transmitting the light path, and a slit component used for collecting incident light rays is arranged at the incident end of the coaxial reflection outer barrel; a spherical reflecting mirror and a plane reflecting mirror are arranged above the slit component; the incident light passes through the plane reflector and is reflected once by the spherical reflector, and the plane reflector reflects the light reflected once again and sends the light into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder for transmission;

a grating prism module and a focusing inner cylinder are arranged in the coaxial transmission outer cylinder along the transmission direction, the focusing inner cylinder is provided with a cemented lens module, and the tail end of the outer cylinder is connected with an imaging mechanism with a built-in detector chip and a detector imaging surface; the lens module is fixedly arranged in the focusing inner cylinder, the focusing inner cylinder is arranged in the adjusting cavity of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder, and the width of the adjusting cavity is larger than that of the focusing inner cylinder and used for changing the distance between the lens module and the grating prism module and the detector chip.

Optionally, the slit component comprises a slit seat and a front interface, and the slit seat is provided with a conical channel and a rectangular channel; a slit is formed at the communication part of the conical channel and the rectangular channel, and slit glass is placed in the rectangular channel;

the plane reflecting mirror is embedded on the slit component, and the mirror surface faces to the transmission optical axis of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder; the plane reflector is provided with a mirror surface hole communicated with the rectangular channel, and external light is led into the inner cavity.

Optionally, the spherical reflecting mirror, the mirror surface aperture, the conical channel and the rectangular channel are located on a reflecting optical axis of the coaxial reflecting outer cylinder; the incident light rays pass through the mirror surface holes on the plane reflecting mirror along the reflecting optical axis and are reflected to the plane reflecting mirror through the spherical reflecting mirror, and the plane reflecting mirror sends the secondary reflected light rays into the coaxial transmission outer barrel along the transmitting optical axis.

Optionally, an annular clamping groove is formed at the incident end of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder, and a detachable annular connector is arranged at the tail end of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder; the annular connector is connected with the imaging mechanism.

The optical grating prism module is fixedly arranged in the annular clamping groove, the inner diameter of the annular connector is smaller than the outer diameter of the focusing inner barrel, and the adjusting cavity is formed between the annular clamping groove and the annular connector.

Optionally, the grating prism module and the cemented lens module are perpendicular to the transmission optical axis of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder.

Optionally, the grating prism module comprises an annular lens clamping seat, a grating and a wedge prism; the grating and the wedge prism are fixed in the lens clamping seat according to the transmission direction.

Optionally, the cemented lens module sequentially includes a first single lens, a first cemented lens group, a second cemented lens group and a second single lens according to the transmission direction;

the first single lens and the second single lens are plano-convex lenses, the plano-convex lenses are respectively arranged at two end parts of the focusing inner cylinder through fixing clamping seats, and the convex surfaces are located in the direction of the incident end.

Optionally, the first cemented lens group includes a first cemented convex lens, a first cemented concave lens, and a first cemented lens holder; the first cemented convex lens and the first cemented concave lens are fixedly arranged on the focusing inner barrel through the first cemented lens seat;

the section of the first cemented convex lens is crescent, the convex radii of two sides are 41.69mm and 21.837mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99;

the first cemented concave lens is a double-sided concave lens, the concave radii of the two sides are 21.837mm and 30.68mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99.

Optionally, the second cemented lens group includes a second cemented convex lens, a second cemented concave lens, and a second cemented lens holder; the second cemented convex lens and the second cemented concave lens are fixedly arranged on the focusing inner barrel through the second cemented lens seat;

the second cemented convex lens is a double-sided convex lens, the convex radii of the two sides are 21.24mm and 41.48mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99;

the section of the second cemented concave lens is crescent, the concave radii at two sides are 21.24mm and 37.4mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99.

Optionally, the focusing inner tube outer wall is provided with clamp and annular focusing groove, coaxial transmission urceolus is last to be seted up correspond the clamp with the regulation hole in annular focusing groove is used for adjusting respectively the fastening state and the focus of focusing inner tube.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that at least: the integrated imaging layout of the reflection-transmission structure is adopted, so that the reflection is reduced into two reflections, high luminous flux is realized, and the imaging quality can be ensured to be optimal. The configuration of the mirror with specular slit also ensures that light energy losses are minimized and that imaging quality is not compromised. The spherical mirror makes the imaging distance limited in a very small space, and the space layout among the lenses makes the imaging relationship between the object side image and the image side image in a reduced scale while the volume is reduced. Ensure that the diffraction efficiency and dispersion effect of the grating are optimal. The modularized design among the transmission lens groups ensures the flexible adjustment of imaging relations among the slit, the plane reflecting mirror group, the single lens, the cemented lens group and the detector, and the focal length is adjustable, so that the imaging spectrometer has better universality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of a reflection and transmission integrated structure;

FIG. 2 is a side and cross-sectional view of a broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of a reflection and transmission integrated structure;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the inner cavities of the focusing inner barrel and the coaxial transmissive outer barrel;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the coaxial reflective outer barrel lumen and slit assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a coaxial transmissive outer barrel receiving a reflected light path;

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a slit and slit glass;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of an integrated reflection and transmission configuration;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a grating prism module;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure and parameters of a wedge prism;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure and parameters of the first and second single lenses;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure and parameters of the first glue module;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure and parameters of the second bonding module;

fig. 13 is a parametric schematic of a broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of an integrated reflection and transmission configuration.

Reference numerals: the optical imaging device comprises a coaxial reflection outer cylinder-100, a coaxial transmission outer cylinder-200, a slit assembly-110, a slit seat-111, a front interface-112, a conical channel-1111, a rectangular channel-1112, a slit glass-1113, a plane mirror-120, a mirror aperture-1201, a spherical mirror-130, a focusing inner cylinder-210, an adjusting cavity-220, an annular clamping groove-230, an annular connector-240, a clamp-250, an annular focusing groove-260, a grating prism module-300, a lens clamping seat-310, a grating-320, a wedge prism-330, a cemented lens module-400, a first single lens-410, a first cemented lens group-420, a second cemented lens group-430, a second single lens-440, a first cemented convex lens-421, a first cemented convex lens-422, a second cemented convex lens-431, a second cemented concave lens-432, a detector chip-50 and a detector imaging surface-60.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

References herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of a reflection and transmission integrated structure; the shell structure consists of a coaxial reflection outer cylinder 100 and a coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200, wherein the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200 is of an integral inverted V-shaped structure communicated with the coaxial reflection outer cylinder 100, and the V-shaped included angle is 45 degrees. The coaxial reflective outer cylinder 100 is used for reflecting an optical path, and an incident end thereof is provided with a slit assembly 110 for collecting incident light. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the side wall of the slit assembly 110 is communicated with the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200, and the plane mirror 120 disposed above the slit assembly 110 transmits the light reflected by the reflection outer cylinder 100 into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200 through the communication hole for transmission, so that the subsequent generation of a spectral image is facilitated.

The coaxial transmission outer tube 200 is provided therein with a grating prism module 300, a cemented lens module 400, and a focusing inner tube 210, and its tip (transmission light outlet) is connected to an imaging mechanism (refer to fig. 7 and 1) in which the detector chip 50 and the detector imaging surface 60 are built. The cemented lens module 400 is fixedly disposed within the focusing inner barrel 210, and the focusing inner barrel 210 is placed in the adjustment cavity 220 of the coaxial transmissive outer barrel 200. The width of the adjusting cavity 220 is larger than that of the focusing inner barrel 210, so that the distance between the cemented lens module 400 and the grating prism module 300 and the distance between the cemented lens module and the detector chip 50 are changed under different use scenes, and a dynamic focusing function is realized.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the coaxial reflective outer barrel lumen and slit assembly; the slit assembly 110 is located at a light incident port of the coaxial reflective outer tube 100, and the slit assembly 110 includes a slit seat 111 and a front interface 112. The slit seat 111 is an inclined table surface facing the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200, and is provided with a tapered channel 1111 and a rectangular channel 1112. The tapered channel 1111 is located at the bottom of the slot seat 111, the rectangular channel 1112 is located at the upper part, the two are connected to form a slot, and the slot glass 1113 is placed in the rectangular channel 1112.

In order to improve the integration level of the spectrometer and reduce the volume, the embodiment chooses to open a groove on the inclined table surface of the slit seat 111, and embeds the plane mirror 120 into the groove on the inclined table surface. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the plane mirror 120 is provided with a mirror aperture 1201, and the mirror aperture 1201 is communicated with a rectangular channel 1112 below to introduce external light into the cavity.

In some possible embodiments, the width of the slit glass 1113 is designed to be 30um long and 16mm, and after laser etching, light can only enter from the outside. And the light-passing area on the back of the slit glass 1113 is coated with a cadmium element film to prevent reflected light from escaping.

In some embodiments, the structural members on either side of the tapered channel 1111 are designed to be 15 degrees from the central axis of the entrance slit (30 degrees overall taper) to ensure that the incoming light is not blocked by it, so that the efficiency of passage is maximized.

Incident light enters the inner cavity after passing through the incident slit and the plane reflector 120 respectively, and the light information is mapped on the spherical reflector 130, the outer side of the reflector is coated with a reflecting film, the wavelength range of the film is 380nm-1000nm, the average reflectivity R is more than 0.97 in the wave band range, and the back side of the reflector is coated with black vanish. The spherical reflective design allows the incoming light to be tuned to unfocused parallel light, which reduces light loss because the planar beam is reflected and the light information is largely lost due to the specular aperture 1201 of the planar mirror 120.

In some embodiments, the surface of the plane mirror 120 is coated with a reflective film, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the included angle between the hollow plane mirror and the reflection optical axis (the incident light also enters along the reflection optical axis) is 55 degrees, and the average reflectivity R is more than 0.97 in the 380nm-1000nm band range. Black paint is sprayed on the backlight surface of the plane mirror 120 to ensure that light is only incident from the slit corresponding to the plane mirror.

After the incident light signal is reflected by the spherical reflector, the incident light signal returns to the outer surface of the plane reflector, and due to the fact that the window formed in the middle of the reflector is very small in design, the loss of the reflected light is very limited, and the reflected light can be basically reflected again, so that the reflected light enters the light path of the transmission mirror group. The total incident light is 100 calculated according to the proportion, and is transmitted through the light paths of the internal spherical reflector and the hollow reflector group, the light loss of the etched slit area in the hollow reflector is less than 1 percent, and the imaging is not affected through test verification.

Fig. 5 and 7 are schematic views of the coaxial transmissive outer tube receiving a reflected light path, the reflecting end of the coaxial reflective outer tube 100 being provided with a spherical mirror 130, the spherical mirror 130 being mainly for reflecting light entering from the slit, and the spherical mirror 130, the specular aperture 1201, the tapered passage 1111 and the rectangular passage 1112 being perpendicular to the reflected optical axis of the coaxial reflective outer tube 100. The plane mirror 120 secondarily reflects the light reflected by the spherical mirror 130 and transmits the light into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the incident end of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200 is provided with an annular clamping groove 230, and the end is provided with a detachable annular connector 240. The grating prism module 300 is fixedly installed in the annular clamping groove 230, the inner diameter of the annular connector 240 is smaller than the outer diameter of the focusing inner barrel 210, and an adjusting cavity 220 is formed between the annular clamping groove 230 and the annular connector 240. The annular connector 240 is used to connect to an imaging mechanism (comprising the detector chip 50 and the detector imaging surface 60).

The grating prism module 300, the cemented lens module 400, the detector chip 50, and the detector imaging plane 60 are perpendicular to the transmission optical axis (GP optical axis) of the coaxial transmission outer barrel 200 to ensure the transmission optical path and imaging accuracy.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the grating prism module 300 includes an annular lens holder 310, a grating 320, and a wedge prism 330. The grating 320 and wedge prism 330 are fixed in the lens holder 310 in the transmission direction. In one possible implementation mode, the wedge prism is provided with an upper thickness of 1.86mm and a lower thickness of 8.14mm respectively, a center thickness of 5mm, a diameter of the wedge prism of 25mm, a surface is plated with a long-wave pass film layer, a wavelength range of 380nm-1000nm, a center wavelength of 632.8nm is lambda, a center transmittance t0 is greater than 0.99, an average transmittance t is greater than 0.98 in the range of the wavelength, transmittance t at two ends of the wavelength band is greater than 0.97, and 300 nm-380 nm is cut off, and black vanish is coated on a non-light-passing surface for treatment.

As shown in fig. 7, 10-12, the cemented lens module 400 includes a first single lens 410, a first cemented lens group 420, a second cemented lens group 430, and a second single lens 440 in order in the transmission direction. The first single lens 410 and the second single lens 440 are single-sided convex lenses, and are respectively mounted at two ends of the focusing inner cylinder 210 through the lens clamping seat 310. The convex surfaces of the two lenses are positioned in the direction of the incident end, the convex radius of the first single lens 410 (left side of fig. 10) is 30mm, the circle center thickness is 5.95mm, and the edge thickness is 1.9mm; the convex radius of the second einzel lens 440 (right side of fig. 10) is 44.1mm, the center thickness is 5.28mm, and the edge thickness is 2.28mm. The wavelength range of the two single lenses is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is lambda=632.8nm, the central transmittance t is greater than 0.99, the average transmittance t is greater than 0.98 in the wavelength range, the transmittance t at the two ends of the wavelength band is greater than 0.97, and the non-light-passing surface is coated with black vanish.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the first cemented lens group 420 includes a first cemented convex lens 421 (upper side of fig. 11) and a first cemented concave lens 422 (lower side of fig. 11); the second cemented lens group 430 includes a second cemented convex lens 431 (upper side of fig. 12) and a second cemented concave lens 432 (lower side of fig. 12). The bonding lens module is bonded by ultraviolet curing optical cement, oil stains, dust, bubbles and the like cannot exist on the bonding surface, the eccentric amount of the optical axis of the second lens relative to the optical axis of the first lens is ensured to be less than 0.01mm during bonding, and the non-light-transmitting surface is coated with black vanish.

Specifically, the first cemented convex lens 421 has a crescent-shaped cross section, the convex radii of both sides are 41.69mm and 21.837mm, respectively, the upper side has a thickness of 2.3mm, and the lower side has a thickness of 4.6mm. The convex lens surface is plated with a plurality of layers of antireflection films. The first cemented concave lens 422 is a double-sided concave lens, both sides have concave radii of 21.837mm and 30.68mm, respectively, and a center thickness of 5.6mm. The wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99. The wavelength range of the first cemented convex lens and the first cemented concave lens is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is lambda=632.8 nm, the central transmittance t is more than 0.99, the average transmittance t is more than 0.98 in the wavelength range, the transmittance t at two ends of the wavelength band is more than 0.97, and the non-light-passing surface is coated with black vanish.

The second cemented convex lens 431 is a double-sided convex lens, the convex radii of both sides are 21.24mm and 41.48mm, respectively, the center thickness is 8.55mm, and the thickness of the upper and lower top ends is 1.68mm. The second cemented concave lens 432 has a crescent-shaped cross section, concave radii on both sides are 21.24mm and 37.4mm, respectively, a center thickness of 2.5mm, and upper and lower tip thicknesses of 3.58mm. The wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99. The wavelength range of the second cemented convex lens and the second cemented concave lens is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is lambda=632.8 nm, the central transmittance t is more than 0.99, the average transmittance t is more than 0.98 in the wavelength range, the transmittance t at the two ends of the wavelength band is more than 0.97, and the non-light-passing surface is coated with black vanish.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the outer wall of the focusing inner barrel 210 of the spectrometer is further provided with a collar 250 and an annular focusing groove 260. The coaxial transmission outer cylinder 200 is provided with adjusting holes corresponding to the clamp 250 and the annular focusing groove 260, and the clamp 250 fixes the fastening state of the focusing inner cylinder 210 through jackscrews arranged in the adjusting holes. While in the case of releasing the jack screws, focusing is achieved by adjusting the mechanical movement of the focusing part with a tool from the outside. The first and second single lenses, the imaging lens group formed by combining the first and second cemented lens modules and the prism grating, and the relative space positions between the detectors ensure that the imaging formed between the lenses is in the focus position. After the focal position is determined, the screw for marking the jackscrew is locked, and the whole structure is not required to be adjusted, so that the modular design among modules and the portability of debugging and testing are realized.

Based on the individual lens parameters described above and the technical parameters of the prescribed wavelength range and central transmittance, in one possible embodiment, a spectrometer is designed based on the distance parameters of fig. 13. The object image enters a slit with the physical length of 16mm and the width of 30um, passes through a plane reflector with a mirror surface pore and then reaches the surface of a spherical reflector, and the physical dimensions of the axis points of the two plane reflectors are 46.37 +/-0.03 mm.

The length of the hollow plane reflector in the direction parallel to the entrance slit is 18mm, and the mirror surface width is 24mm.

The spherical mirror has a width of 36mm and a height (parallel to the slit) of 39mm.

The grating prism is 25mm; the detector imaging surface size was 13.3mm (2048 um x 6.5 um).

In order to enable the image of the incident object to be presented on the target surface of the detector in the maximum scale, through the optimization design, the size and the space distance of each optical lens are designed, so that the proportional relation between the image formed at the detector and the object image at the incident slit is satisfied under the condition of not losing the imaging quality and the space compactness:

the image side line field 2 y=13.3 mm,13.3mm/16 mm=0.82, i.e. the image height/object height=0.82, i.e. the imaging relationship of this structure is not 1:1 imaging, but rather presents a reduced scale image. Thus, by calculating na=n×sin α, the incident angle is 24 °, and the image side numerical aperture is 0.204 (no unit dimension). The spectrum dispersion width of the image plane is 1024 x 6.5 um=6.656mm, 6.656mm/0.82=8.1 mm, and the spectrum range is set to 380nm-1000 nm.

Through the optimal design of imaging relation and the like, the imaging spectrometer is ensured to have high luminous flux, and meanwhile, the requirement of spectral resolution is also ensured, and the spectral resolution reaches 2.545nm. When the imaging target such as shimmer is required to be applied, the spatial layout, the imaging relation and the like can be adjusted, and the design requirements of different numerical apertures can be realized, so that some optical index requirements can be lost.

In summary, the present solution adopts the integral imaging layout of the reflection-transmission structure, so that the three reflection is reduced to two reflection, and the imaging quality can be ensured to be optimal while realizing high luminous flux. The configuration of the mirror with specular slit also ensures that light energy losses are minimized and that imaging quality is not compromised. The spherical mirror makes the imaging distance limited in a very small space, and the space layout among the lenses makes the imaging relationship between the object side image and the image side image in a reduced scale while the volume is reduced. Ensure that the diffraction efficiency and dispersion effect of the grating are optimal. The modularized design among the transmission lens groups ensures the flexible adjustment of imaging relations among the slit, the plane reflecting mirror group, the single lens, the cemented lens group and the detector, and the focal length is adjustable, so that the imaging spectrometer has better universality, the spectrum range is widened to 380nm-1000nm, and the spectrum resolution is correspondingly improved. The grating mechanism is designed into a wedge shape, the step of transmitting and reflecting is omitted, the number of lens groups is reduced, and the imaging quality is further improved.

Compared with the existing scheme, the method overcomes the bottleneck problems that the existing transmission spectrometer is low in diffraction efficiency and cannot be used for high-flux spectral imaging application, and weak signal detection is achieved. The imaging quality and the imaging effect of the device are far better than those of a single transmission type or single reflection type structure, the volume and the cost are reduced greatly, the application mode and the application scene are more abundant, the device can embody the advantages of the structure in industries such as industrial sorting, biomedicine, bioluminescence, microscopic imaging, unmanned aerial vehicle imaging and the like, and can better provide powerful support for industrial application development.

The foregoing describes the preferred embodiments of the present utility model; it is to be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, wherein devices and structures not described in detail are to be understood as being implemented in a manner common in the art; any person skilled in the art will make many possible variations and modifications, or adaptations to equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model, which do not affect the essential content of the present utility model; therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The wide-spectrum imaging spectrometer based on the reflection and transmission integrated structure is characterized by comprising a coaxial reflection outer barrel (100) for reflecting an optical path and a coaxial transmission outer barrel (200) for transmitting the optical path, wherein a slit assembly (110) for collecting incident light rays is arranged at the incident end of the coaxial reflection outer barrel (100); a spherical reflecting mirror (130) and a plane reflecting mirror (120) are arranged above the slit component (110); the incident light passes through the plane reflector (120) and is reflected once by the spherical reflector (130), and the plane reflector (120) reflects the light reflected once again and sends the light into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200) for transmission;

a grating prism module (300) and a focusing inner cylinder (210) are arranged in the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200) along the transmission direction, the focusing inner cylinder (210) is provided with a cemented lens module (400), and the tail end of the outer cylinder is connected with an imaging mechanism with a built-in detector chip and a detector imaging surface; the lens module (400) is fixedly arranged in the focusing inner cylinder (210), the focusing inner cylinder (210) is arranged in an adjusting cavity (220) of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200), and the width of the adjusting cavity (220) is larger than that of the focusing inner cylinder (210) and is used for changing the distance between the lens module and the grating prism module (300) and the detector chip.

2. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on reflection and transmission integrated structure according to claim 1, wherein the slit assembly (110) comprises a slit seat (111) and a front interface (112), and a conical channel (1111) and a rectangular channel (1112) are formed on the slit seat (111); a slit is formed at the communication part of the conical channel (1111) and the rectangular channel (1112), and slit glass (1113) is placed in the rectangular channel (1112);

the plane reflecting mirror (120) is embedded on the slit component (110), and the mirror surface faces to the transmission optical axis of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200); the plane reflector (120) is provided with a mirror surface hole (1201) communicated with the rectangular channel (1112) for introducing external light into the inner cavity.

3. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on reflection and transmission integrated structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the spherical mirror (130), the specular aperture (1201), the tapered channel (1111) and the rectangular channel (1112) are located on the reflection optical axis of the coaxial reflection outer cylinder (100); the incident light rays pass through the mirror surface hole (1201) on the plane reflecting mirror (120) along the reflection optical axis and are reflected to the plane reflecting mirror (120) through the spherical reflecting mirror (130), and the plane reflecting mirror (120) sends the secondary reflection light rays into the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200) along the transmission optical axis.

4. A broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on reflection and transmission integrated structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the incident end of the coaxial transmission outer cylinder (200) is provided with an annular clamping groove (230), and the tail end is provided with a detachable annular connector (240); the annular connector (240) is connected with an imaging mechanism,

the grating prism module (300) is fixedly arranged in the annular clamping groove, the inner diameter of the annular connector (240) is smaller than the outer diameter of the focusing inner barrel (210), and the adjusting cavity (220) is formed between the annular clamping groove (230) and the annular connector (240).

5. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer based on integrated reflection and transmission structure according to claim 4, wherein the grating prism module (300) and the cemented lens module (400) are perpendicular to the transmission optical axis of the coaxial transmission outer barrel (200).

6. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of integrated reflection and transmission structure according to claim 4, wherein the grating prism module (300) comprises an annular lens holder (310), a grating (320) and a wedge prism (330); the grating (320) and the wedge prism (330) are fixed in the lens clamping seat (310) according to the transmission direction.

7. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of integrated reflection and transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the cemented lens module (400) comprises, in order in the transmission direction, a first single lens (410), a first cemented lens group (420), a second cemented lens group (430), and a second single lens (440);

the first single lens (410) and the second single lens (440) are single-sided convex lenses, the single-sided convex lenses are respectively arranged at two end parts of the focusing inner cylinder (210) through the fixed clamping seats (310), and the convex surfaces are positioned in the direction of the incident ends.

8. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of integrated reflective and transmissive structure according to claim 7, characterized in that said first cemented lens group (420) comprises a first cemented convex lens (421) and a first cemented concave lens (422);

the section of the first cemented convex lens (421) is crescent, the convex radii of the two sides are 41.69mm and 21.837mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99;

the first cemented concave lens (422) is a double-sided concave lens, the concave radii of the two sides are 21.837mm and 30.68mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99.

9. The broad spectrum imaging spectrometer of integrated reflection and transmission structure according to claim 8, wherein the second cemented lens group (430) comprises a second cemented convex lens (431) and a second cemented concave lens (432);

the second cemented convex lens (431) is a double-sided convex lens, the convex radii of the two sides are 21.24mm and 41.48mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99;

the section of the second cemented concave lens (432) is crescent, the concave radiuses at two sides are 21.24mm and 37.4mm respectively, the wavelength range is 380nm-1000nm, the central wavelength is 632.8nm, and the central transmittance is more than 0.99.

10. The reflection and transmission integrated structure broad spectrum imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein a collar (250) and an annular focusing groove (260) are provided on the outer wall of the focusing inner barrel (210), and adjusting holes corresponding to the collar (250) and the annular focusing groove (260) are provided on the coaxial transmission outer barrel (200) for adjusting the fastening state and focal length of the focusing inner barrel (210) respectively.