CN219809027U - Elastic shield supporting mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway construction machinery, in particular to an elastic shield supporting mechanism. The elastic shield supporting mechanism comprises a top beam, a plurality of top jacks, a first telescopic beam, a second telescopic beam, two upright posts and two shoulder jacks. The top jack is adapted to support a roof of a roadway. The upright post is a telescopic upright post. The shoulder jack is suitable for obliquely supporting the corresponding roadway shoulder. According to the utility model, the top beam is provided with the plurality of top jacks, and each top jack can support the rugged roadway top plate; the shoulder jack is arranged, so that the shoulder jack can obliquely support the roadway shoulder; the first telescopic beams and the second telescopic beams are telescopic along the extension direction of the top beam, the stand columns are telescopic stand columns, and the telescopic beams on the two sides can be stretched to adapt to roadways with different sections, so that the elastic shield supporting mechanism comprehensively supports the roadway and simultaneously realizes self-adaptive movement, and the tunneling rate of the roadway is improved.

Description

Elastic shield supporting mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway construction machinery, in particular to an elastic shield supporting mechanism.

Background

The advanced support problem of the fully-mechanized coal face is a technical problem which is puzzled for a long time in coal production, and the roof is exposed after the tunnel is tunneled and cannot be effectively supported in time, so that the accidents of hurting people caused by gangue dropping, falling and the like of the roof are often caused. The data show that, as the fully-mechanized excavation working face of China has no reasonably matched advanced support equipment for a long time, roof caving accidents account for 80% of tunneling accidents, and 20% of personnel death caused by national roof accidents occur on the tunneling working face. Therefore, the improvement of the tunneling speed and the guarantee of the safety of the personnel and equipment on the tunneling working face are the problems which are needed to be solved.

Along with the rapid improvement of the tunneling mechanization degree and unit yield, the requirements of ventilation, transportation and exploitation processes on the cross section size of the crossheading are larger and larger, the tunnel width reaches 4500-6000 mm, the height reaches 3000-4500 mm, and the power of the tunneling machine is larger and larger. The traditional temporary support of the channeling front cantilever and the single prop plus the cross beam can not meet the requirements of tunneling temporary support in the aspects of supporting capacity, supporting height, supporting speed, automation degree, operability, safety and the like, and the high-yield and high-efficiency capability of high-performance tunneling equipment is restricted to a great extent.

At present, a plurality of front cantilever type (i.e. hanging ring penetrating pipe type front cantilever temporary support), pillar and cross beam type (i.e. multi-row single hydraulic pillar high-strength I-steel shed beam support method) and heading machine on-board type (i.e. heading machine on-board temporary support device) are used at home and abroad, although the pressure of head-on support of a heading face is relieved to a certain extent, the support condition of the face is improved, but the modes have certain defects, self-moving and omnibearing walking cannot be realized, weak links exist in the aspect of safety, and the occurrence condition of coal beds is complex and changeable, not all the modes can adapt to all underground roadways, but especially when the underground roadway is in soft broken surrounding rock roadway and uneven roof, full-face active support can not be realized. The specific analysis is as follows:

(1) Hanging ring penetrating pipe type front cantilever temporary support

The temporary support for the tubular front cantilever of the hanging ring mainly comprises the hanging ring and the front cantilever, wherein the ring is fixed on the top plate by an anchor rod, and the front cantilever is arranged in the hanging ring and protrudes out of the rear support top plate. The main problems are as follows: (1) the steel and the top plate are tightly braked and backed by using the semicircular wood and the wooden wedge, so that no initial supporting force exists, and the safety is greatly hidden; (2) the front cantilever is in point or line contact with the top plate, so that the hollow top area cannot be comprehensively and effectively supported, and the use effect is worse if the front cantilever is crushed by the top plate; the operation process is complex, manual movement is needed, the labor intensity is high, the temporary support speed is low, and the efficiency is low; (3) the anchor net supporting mode has the great potential safety hazard that operators must enter an empty roof area for operation when laying the net.

(2) High-strength I-steel shed beam supporting method for multi-row single hydraulic prop

The hydraulic single prop is adopted to support the empty top plate firmly after the coal is cut by the heading machine, then the upper part is knocked down, and after the live gangue and the pumice are completely treated, the single prop is used to prop the I-steel and the steel wire mesh to the straight part at the top, network and protect the top plate. At least 3 people cooperate to carry out advanced support when supporting each single hydraulic prop, so that the labor intensity of workers is high, the cost is high, the risk of prop-back is high, potential safety hazards exist, the passing of personnel and equipment is influenced, and the support effect and the safety guarantee are not ideal.

(3) Machine-mounted temporary support device of heading machine

The device mainly comprises a left base, a right base, a left frame, a right frame, a left roll-over frame, a right roll-over arm frame and a top frame beam, and is arranged in the front middle of the tunneling machine. When the tunneling machine is tunneling normally, the device is folded and contracted at the back of the cutting speed reducer, so that the movement of the tunneling machine and the cutting operation function are not interfered; when the support is needed, the position of the folding frame is controlled by operating the hydraulic control valve of the support folding frame, so that the folding frame extends out of the top plate to be supported, and the support function is completed. The main disadvantages are as follows: (1) the supporting area is small, and the exposed top plate cannot be completely supported; (2) when the anchor net supports, operators still operate under the empty roof, and great potential safety hazards exist; (3) the device has poor adaptability to the top plate. When the tunnel is tunneled, the roof and the floor are fluctuated, the tunnel becomes low, the airborne support cannot be completely unfolded, the initial supporting force cannot be achieved, and a large potential safety hazard exists. In addition, the tunneling and anchoring integrated unit can perform customized service according to the tunnel specification, and the tunneling and anchoring integrated unit can realize higher footage in a coal seam with better geological conditions, but the whole tunneling and anchoring integrated unit has higher manufacturing cost, and has poor adaptability to the coal seam with soft broken surrounding rock occurrence conditions, once the tunnel roof is subjected to roof leakage and the coal wall is subjected to larger ledge, the tunneling and anchoring integrated unit is extremely easy to cause two difficulties in advancing and retreating, and the rapid tunneling performance cannot be effectively exerted in a rock tunnel.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an elastic shield supporting mechanism which is used for solving the problem of active temporary support of tunneling under the complex geological condition of a coal mine, is particularly suitable for soft and broken surrounding rock tunnels, and especially can realize active comprehensive roof connection when the top plate is uneven, and meanwhile, a shield device adopts a telescopic structure to complete continuous active temporary support of the top plate of a pre-tunneling tunnel. In addition, the elastic shield supporting mechanism can be matched with most of coal mine roadway fully-mechanized coal mining face equipment in an inclined coal seam and a gently inclined coal seam.

The utility model provides an elastic shield supporting mechanism, which is suitable for supporting a roadway and comprises:

the two ends of the top beam are provided with a first telescopic beam and a second telescopic beam, and the first telescopic beam and the second telescopic beam are telescopic along the extending direction of the top beam;

the top jacks are arranged on the upper surface of the top beam along the length direction of the top beam and are suitable for supporting the roadway top plate;

the two upright posts are positioned below the top beam and used for supporting the top beam, the top of one upright post is connected with the first telescopic beam, the top of the other upright post is connected with the second telescopic beam, and the upright posts are telescopic upright posts;

And two shoulder jacks, wherein one shoulder jack is positioned at the top of one upright post and is suitable for obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder, and the other shoulder jack is positioned at the top of the other upright post and is suitable for obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the plurality of top jacks are sequentially attached to and arranged on the top beam along the length direction of the top beam.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the top of the upright post is provided with the groove with an upward opening;

the shoulder angle jack includes: the mounting plate is covered at the upper end of the groove, a round corner is arranged at the lower side of the mounting plate, and the round corner is hinged with the groove;

the upper air bag jack is arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate;

the shoulder angle abutting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the overlying air bag jack and is suitable for abutting against a roadway shoulder angle;

the movable guide rail is positioned on the upper side of the mounting plate, the lower end of the movable guide rail is connected with the mounting plate, and the movable guide rail extends along the vertical direction;

The rotating pull rod is connected with the shoulder angle abutting plate at one end, the other end of the rotating pull rod is suitable for moving along the movable guide rail, and the rotating pull rod can pivot relative to the movable guide rail;

the elastic pieces are positioned on the lower side of the mounting plate, one end of each elastic piece is connected with the mounting plate, and the other end of each elastic piece is connected with the top of the upright post;

when the movable guide rail is positioned at the left side of the upper air bag jack in the left-right direction of the roadway, the shoulder angle jack is obliquely supported towards the left side; when the movable guide rail is positioned on the right side of the upper air bag jack, the shoulder angle jack is supported in an inclined manner towards the right side.

According to the elastic shield support mechanism provided by the utility model, at least one of the shoulder jack and the top jack is an airbag jack.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the elastic shield supporting mechanism further comprises two auxiliary supporting platforms, one of the auxiliary supporting platforms is connected with one end of the top beam, the other auxiliary supporting platform is connected with the other end of the top beam,

The auxiliary supporting platform protrudes out of the top beam towards the roadway top plate, an avoidance space is defined below the auxiliary supporting platform, the first telescopic beam and the second telescopic beam are suitable for being telescopic in the corresponding avoidance space, and each upright post is suitable for being stored in the corresponding avoidance space.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the elastic shield supporting mechanism further comprises an inclined supporting jack, one end of the inclined supporting jack is hinged with the top beam, and the other end of the inclined supporting jack is hinged with the corresponding upright post.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the elastic shield supporting mechanism further comprises a first telescopic jack and a second telescopic jack, wherein one end of the first telescopic jack is connected with the top beam, and the other end of the first telescopic jack is connected with the first telescopic beam so as to push the first telescopic beam to move in a telescopic manner; one end of the second telescopic jack is connected with the top beam, and the other end of the second telescopic jack is connected with the second telescopic beam so as to push the second telescopic beam to move in a telescopic mode.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the upright post comprises:

the top of the upper sleeve box is connected with the first telescopic beam or the second telescopic beam;

The lower sleeve box is arranged in the upper sleeve box and is suitable for moving relative to the upper sleeve box along the up-down direction;

the vertical jack, the one end of vertical jack with go up the case is connected, the other end of vertical jack with lower case is connected, just vertical jack is suitable for the drive go up the case for lower case removes.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the utility model, the elastic shield supporting mechanism further comprises:

the fixed seat is connected with the lower end of the lower sleeve box;

the sheath is connected with the fixed seat and covers the lifting jack of the omnibearing running mechanism;

the all-directional travelling mechanism lifting jack is connected with the sheath at one end;

the all-round walking wheel, all-round walking wheel with the other end of all-round running gear lifting jack is connected, all-round running gear lifting jack is suitable for the drive all-round walking wheel moves along vertical direction.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of top jacks are arranged on the top beam, and each top jack can independently support the tunnel top plate with different planes for the rugged tunnel top plate structure, so that the plurality of top jacks can support the rugged tunnel top plate. By arranging the shoulder jack, the shoulder jack can play a role in obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder, so that the roadway shoulder is comprehensively supported.

In addition, through setting up that first flexible roof beam and second flexible roof beam are all scalable along the back timber extending direction, the stand is scalable stand, relies on the flexible of first flexible roof beam and second flexible roof beam, realizes the extension of the flexible roof beam in both sides in order to adapt to the tunnel of different sections, and elasticity shield supporting mechanism can be in folding state and expansion state switching, and elasticity shield supporting mechanism of folding state removes from the below of the elasticity shield supporting mechanism of expansion state from this. Therefore, the position of the elastic shield supporting mechanism can be quickly adjusted while the elastic shield supporting mechanism comprehensively supports a roadway, self-adaptive movement is realized, and the tunneling rate of the roadway is further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an elastic shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism is in a collapsed state;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the elastic shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism is in an expanded state;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the elastic shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism is in an expanded state;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the elastic shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the elastic shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism is in a collapsed state;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the resilient shield support mechanism provided by the present utility model with the vertical jack in an extended state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an elastic shield support mechanism according to the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism abuts against a roadway roof;

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of FIG. 10 at D;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of elastic shield support mechanisms according to the present utility model, wherein one of the elastic shield support mechanisms is in a folded state, and the other elastic shield support mechanism is in an unfolded state;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model in the installation process;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model in the installation process;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model in the installation process;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model in the installation process;

FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the coal mine roadway temporary support provided by the utility model in the installation process;

fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the installation process of the temporary support of the coal mine tunnel provided by the utility model.

Reference numerals:

100. an elastic shield support mechanism;

110. a vertical jack; 120. a first telescopic jack; 121. a second telescopic jack; 130. a diagonal bracing jack; 140. lifting jack of omnibearing running gear; 141. all-round walking wheels; 142. a fixing seat; 143. a sheath; 150. a top jack; 151. a protective cover; 200. a top beam; 210. a first telescopic beam; 220. a second telescopic beam; 230. an auxiliary supporting platform; 300. a column; 310. a jacket box is arranged; 320. a lower sleeve box; 350. a hanging ring; 360. chain fall prevention; 400. shoulder jack; 410. a mounting plate; 411. round corners; 412. round angle pin; 420. an air bag jack is covered; 430. a shoulder abutment plate; 440. a movable guide rail; 450. rotating the pull rod; 460. an elastic member; 470. a groove; 480. a retractable corrugated rubber dust cover; 500. a tunnel roof; 510. roadway side walls; 520. a roadway bottom plate; 600. a heading machine; 610. a top anchor rod; 620. an anchor net.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

The following describes an elastic shield support mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model with reference to fig. 1 to 20, where the elastic shield support mechanism is used for temporary support of a roadway. The device is designed and manufactured by taking a rectangular roadway as an example, aims to solve the problem of active temporary support of tunneling under the complex geological condition of a coal mine, is particularly suitable for soft and broken surrounding rock roadway, and can realize active comprehensive roof grafting especially when the top plate is uneven.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an elastic shield support mechanism 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes a top beam 200, a first telescopic beam 210, a second telescopic beam 220, a plurality of top jacks 150, two columns 300, and two shoulder jacks 400. Here, both the header 200 and the column 300 may employ a fabricated box mechanism. Thus, the upper net is convenient to hang in time, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is unfolded by the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220, the roadway upper support is realized, and the surface protection effect of actively limiting deformation on the coal rock of the roadway side wall 510 can be achieved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the top beam 200 is provided at both ends with a first telescopic beam 210 and a second telescopic beam 220, and both the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220 may be telescopic in the extending direction of the top beam 200. The first telescoping beam 210 may extend or retract from the left end (left end as viewed in fig. 1) of the top beam 200 and the second telescoping beam 220 may extend or retract from the right end (right end as viewed in fig. 1) of the top beam 200. By providing the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220 to be telescopic along the extending direction of the top beam 200, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can be telescopic leftwards and/or rightwards to adapt to roadways with different sections. Meanwhile, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can support the roadway side wall 510 through expansion and unfolding, and the roadway side wall 510 is actively limited from deforming to play a role of protecting the surface.

As shown in connection with fig. 1, 6 and 10, a plurality of top jacks 150 may be provided on the upper surface of the top beam 200 in the length direction of the top beam 200, the top jacks 150 being adapted to support the roadway roof 500. After the tunneling, the tunnel roof 500 is in an uneven shape. The roof jacks 150 may extend toward the roadway roof 500, and each roof jack 150 may be independently controlled. By independently controlling each top jack 150, each top jack 150 can independently support a different plane of roadway roof 500, whereby multiple top jacks 150 can support a rugged roadway roof 500.

Here, the top jack 150 may be a balloon jack, for example, the balloon jack may use compressed air as a power source, and the lifting height may be up to 20cm or more. The air bag jack is light in weight and can reduce the pressure on the top beam 200. The plurality of air bag jacks can adopt the same power air source so as to rapidly supply power to the air bag jacks. The compressed air used for underground anchor bolt support is generally 0.7MPa-0.8MPa, so that the requirement of safe use of the air bag jack is met.

As shown in fig. 1 and 10, the tops of both columns 300 are provided with a shoulder jack 400, respectively. It should be noted that, the cutting head of the general heading machine 600 has a longitudinal axis structure, the rotation axis of the cutting head of the longitudinal axis heading machine 600 is coaxially arranged with the cantilever axis, an arc surface is easily formed at a shoulder angle (shoulder hole) for a rectangular roadway in the cutting process, if the rectangular roadway is in a soft broken surrounding rock roadway, coal and rock are easily dropped at the shoulder hole of the roadway, and the cutting head is always a weak link for roof support. As shown in fig. 10, the junction between the tunnel roof 500 and the tunnel side wall 510 is a tunnel shoulder angle, and the tunnel shoulder angle has a certain gradient. If the top jack 150 is lifted up against the roadway shoulder in the vertical direction (up and down direction as shown in fig. 1), the top jack 150 cannot fully support the roadway shoulder due to the slope of the roadway shoulder. By providing shoulder jack 400 at the top of column 300, shoulder jack 400 can provide an inclined support for the roadway shoulder, thereby achieving a full support for the roadway shoulder.

Referring to fig. 11, a shoulder jack 400 is provided at the top of the left upright 300; the top of right column 300 is provided with a shoulder jack 400. In other words, one shoulder jack 400 of the two shoulder jacks 400 is located on top of one of the columns 300 and adapted to obliquely support the roadway shoulder; the other shoulder jack 400 of the two shoulder jacks 400 is located at the top of the other column 300 thereof and is adapted to obliquely support the roadway shoulder.

It will be appreciated that, in conjunction with the illustration of fig. 11, shoulder jacks 400 at the top of left column 300 will be inclined toward left roadway side wall 510, and shoulder jacks 400 at the top of right column 300 will be inclined toward right roadway side wall 510.

As shown in fig. 4 and 11, taking the shoulder jack 400 at the top of the left upright post 300 as an example, the shoulder jack 400 may be lifted up vertically until the left side of the shoulder jack 400 abuts against the roadway shoulder, the shoulder jack 400 continues to extend upwards, and the right side of the shoulder jack 400 is inclined to the left side by rotating about the abutting position of the shoulder jack 400 and the roadway shoulder as the rotation center, and abuts against the roadway shoulder.

Similarly, the manner of abutment of the shoulder jack 400 at the top of the right column 300 is the same as that of the left side, the shoulder jack 400 may be raised vertically until the right side of the shoulder jack 400 abuts against the roadway shoulder, the shoulder jack 400 continues to extend upward, and the left side of the shoulder jack 400 is inclined to the right side by rotating about the abutment portion of the shoulder jack 400 with the roadway shoulder as the rotation center, and abuts against the roadway shoulder. Thus, the shoulder jack 400 can support roadway shoulders on both sides in an inclined manner.

The shoulder jack 400 is provided at the top end of the upright post 300, so that the roadway shoulder can be effectively supported, and the coal rock slice wall at the shoulder can be prevented from slumping. Further, shoulder angle jack 400 may be an airbag jack. For example, the air bag jack can use compressed air as a power source, and the lifting height can reach more than 20 cm. The air bag jack is light in weight and can reduce the pressure on the top beam 200. And the plurality of air bag jacks can adopt the same power air source so as to rapidly supply power to the air bag jacks. The compressed air for underground anchor bolt support is generally 0.7-0.8MPa, so that the requirement of safe use of the air bag jack is met.

As shown in connection with fig. 3 and 5, each pillar 300 is located below top rail 200 for supporting top rail 200. The top of one of the columns 300 is connected to the first telescopic beam 210, and the top of the other column 300 is connected to the second telescopic beam 220, and the columns 300 are telescopic columns. By providing the column 300 as a telescopic column, the whole of the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can be extended and contracted in the vertical direction.

It will be appreciated that each column 300 extends toward roof 500 such that roof rail 200 may move vertically toward roof 500; when the top beam 200 moves towards the direction of the tunnel roof 500, part of top jacks 150 on the top beam 200 can support the lowest plane of the tunnel roof 500, and then the top jacks 150 which are not connected with the top beam are independently controlled to extend towards the tunnel roof 500 continuously, so that each top jack 150 can be supported to the tunnel roof 500, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can comprehensively connect the rugged tunnel roof 500, and the aim of solving the tunneling active temporary support problem under the complex geological condition of a coal mine is achieved.

Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an elastic shield support mechanism 100 according to the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in a folded state. Taking fig. 1 as an example, when the upright 300 is folded, the first telescopic beam 210 is folded, and the second telescopic beam 220 is folded, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in a folded state. Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the elastic shield support mechanism 100 according to the present utility model, wherein the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in an unfolded state. Taking fig. 3 as an example, when the upright 300 is extended, the first telescopic beam 210 is extended, and the second telescopic beam 220 is extended, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in an extended state.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 includes two sets of elastic shield support mechanisms 100, where one set of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 is in an expanded state, and the elastic shield support mechanisms 100 may support a roadway roof 500; the other set of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 is in a collapsed state, and the elastic shield support mechanisms 100 can pass under the elastic shield support mechanisms 100 in an expanded state. Thus, after tunneling a certain distance, the roadway is temporarily supported by an elastic shield supporting mechanism 100; the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 in the furled state can pass under the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 for unfolding support, and temporary support is carried out on the newly excavated roadway.

According to the elastic shield support mechanism 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, by arranging the plurality of top jacks 150 on the top beam 200, for the rugged roadway top plate 500 structure, each top jack 150 can independently support the roadway top plate 500 with different planes, so that the plurality of top jacks 150 can support the rugged roadway top plate 500. By providing the shoulder jack 400, the shoulder jack 400 can play a role in obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder, thereby realizing the overall support of the roadway shoulder.

In addition, by setting the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220 to be telescopic along the extension direction of the top beam 200, the upright 300 is a telescopic upright 300, and by means of the telescopic action of the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220, the telescopic beams at two sides of the top beam 200 are stretched to adapt to roadways with different sections, and the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can be switched between a furled state and an unfolded state, so that the elastic shield support mechanism 100 in the furled state moves from the lower side of the elastic shield support mechanism 100 in the unfolded state. Therefore, the position of the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can be quickly adjusted while the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 comprehensively supports a roadway, so that self-adaptive movement is realized, and the tunneling rate of the roadway is further improved.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in connection with fig. 1, 3 and 10, a plurality of top jacks 150 are sequentially attached to and aligned with the top beam 200 along the length of the top beam 200. In this way, the top jacks 150 can be fully arranged on the top beam 200 along the length direction, so that the situation of large-area empty roof is prevented when the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 supports the roadway top plate 500, the comprehensive roof connection of the roadway top plate 500 is realized, and the load distribution of the top beam 200 is more uniform.

Because the top jacks 150 need to lift up and down, the top jacks 150 are attached to each other too tightly, which can cause the top jacks 150 to be damaged due to friction between the up and down lifting; however, the gap exists between the top jacks 150 due to the fact that the top jacks 150 are not tightly attached, part of live gangue and floating stones can fall into the gap from the roadway top plate 500, and the top jacks 150 at two ends of the gap are prevented from moving.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, in some embodiments, the top jack 150 is covered with a protective cover 151. Through setting up the cover and locating around the top jack 150, the clearance between the top jack 150 is sheltered from by the cover 151, and live gangue, pumice can't drop in the clearance, plays the guard action to a plurality of top jacks 150. For example, the shield 151 may be a box-type steel shield 151.

Referring to fig. 15, the protection cover 151 may drive the anchor net 620 (e.g. a reinforcing mesh) to move, when the top jack 150 contacts with the tunnel roof 500, the anchor net 620 may be sandwiched between the top jack 150 and the tunnel roof 500 at the top of the protection cover 151, so that the anchor net 620 and the tunnel roof 500 may be attached together, and the anchor net 620 may realize strong and effective active support for the rugged tunnel roof 500.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in connection with fig. 4, 8 and 11, the top of shaft 300 has an upwardly opening groove 470. Shoulder angle jack 400 includes mounting plate 410, upper air bag jack 420, shoulder angle abutment plate 430, movable rail 440, swivel tie 450, and plurality of elastic members 460.

Specifically, the mounting plate 410 is covered on the upper end of the groove 470, the lower side of the mounting plate 410 is provided with a fillet 411, the fillet 411 is hinged in the groove 470, and the fillet 411 can move in the groove 470. The upper airbag jack 420 is provided on the upper side of the mounting plate 410, the shoulder angle abutment plate 430 is provided on the upper surface of the upper airbag jack 420, and the shoulder angle abutment plate 430 is adapted to abut against the roadway shoulder angle. When the airbag inflates, shoulder abutment plate 430 will move away from mounting plate 410 and shoulder abutment plate 430 will abut the roadway shoulder.

Referring to fig. 2, a movable rail 440 is positioned at an upper side of the mounting plate 410, a lower end of the movable rail 440 is connected to the mounting plate 410, and the movable rail 440 extends in a vertical direction. One end of the rotary pull rod 450 is connected to the shoulder abutment plate 430, the other end is adapted to move along the movable rail 440, and the rotary pull rod 450 is pivotable with respect to the movable rail 440. As shown in fig. 3, when the movable rail 440 is positioned at the left side of the upper air bag jack 420 in the left-right direction of the roadway, the shoulder angle jack 400 is supported obliquely toward the left side; when the movable rail 440 is positioned on the right side of the upper air bag jack 420, the shoulder angle jack 400 is supported obliquely toward the right side.

It will be appreciated that as the initial state of shoulder angle jack 400 is shown in fig. 4, when upper air bag jack 420 is inflated, rotary tie rod 450 moves upward along movable rail 440, and shoulder angle abutment plate 430 moves upward accordingly. When the left or right end of the shoulder abutment plate 430 abuts against the roadway shoulder, the rotary tie rod 450 stops moving, the upper air bag jack 420 continues to inflate, the rotary tie rod 450 rotates counterclockwise or clockwise relative to the movable guide rail 440, and the rotary tie rod 450 pulls the shoulder abutment plate 430 to move and rotate towards the roadway shoulder when rotating until the shoulder abutment plate 430 fully supports the roadway shoulder.

Taking the example of the shoulder angle jack 400 being supported obliquely toward the left in fig. 11, the movable rail 440 is provided at the left side of the upper air bag jack 420. When the upper air bag jack 420 is inflated (here, the upper air bag jack 420 can be inflated slowly), the thickness of the upper air bag jack 420 is gradually increased, the other end of the rotation pull rod 450 moves upwards along the movable guide rail 440, and the left end of the shoulder angle abutting plate 430 is abutted to the shoulder angle of the roadway. After the shoulder abutment plate 430 abuts against the roadway shoulder, the airbag jack 420 continues to inflate and expand, and the rotary pull rod 450 rotates counterclockwise relative to the movable guide rail 440, so that the shoulder abutment plate 430 moves counterclockwise about the abutment point as the rotation center until the shoulder jack 400 abuts against the left roadway shoulder. At this time, the shoulder abutment plate 430 may incline to the left to support the coal (rock) wall of the shoulder (at the shoulder socket) and generate active support for the coal (rock) wall of the shoulder (at the shoulder socket) to prevent the coal-rock fragment at the shoulder from slumping.

The plurality of elastic members 460 are located at the lower side of the mounting plate 410, and one end of each elastic member 460 is connected to the mounting plate 410 and the other end is connected to the top of the column 300. A plurality of elastic members 460 are connected between the mounting plate 410 and the top of the upright 300, and after the air bag jack 420 is covered for silencing and discharging, the device can be reset as soon as possible by the tensile force provided by the elastic members 460, so that the elastic members 460 drive the mounting plate 410 to move towards the top of the upright 300, and the shoulder jack 400 returns to the position before tilting. As shown in fig. 11, two elastic members 460 may be provided on both sides of the rounded corner 411, so that the whole shoulder jack 400 is prevented from being excessively deflected to one side to cause damage to the apparatus. In some examples, the resilient member 460 may be a tension spring.

During movement of shoulder abutment plate 430, shoulder jack 400 is tilted toward the roadway shoulder and rounded corners 411 move within grooves 470, which define the range of oscillation of shoulder jack 400, allowing shoulder jack 400 to oscillate in a localized range along the direction of header 200. The groove 470 at the top of the column 300 can be inclined to support the shoulder jack 400 by hinging the rounded corners 411 with the groove 470, so that the shoulder jack 400 can fully support the roadway shoulder.

In some examples, as shown in connection with fig. 2 and 4, shoulder angle jack 400 includes rounded pins 412, rounded pins 412 passing through rounded corners 411. Thus, the groove 470, rounded corners 411 and rounded pins 412 together form a hinge seat. During inflation of the overlying air bladder jack 420, the fillet 411 remains hinged to the groove 470, preventing the fillet 411 from disengaging from the groove 470 as it moves within the groove 470, disabling support of the shoulder jack 400.

In some examples, as shown in connection with fig. 2 and 4, dust covers are provided around the shoulder jack 400 in order to prevent the live gangue and the float from entering the internal structure of the shoulder jack 400. The dust cover may be a telescopic bellows rubber dust cover 480, and the telescopic bellows rubber dust cover 480 may be deformed to a certain extent, so as to satisfy the requirements of the shoulder angle jack 400 for dust prevention and inclined support. For example, the bellows rubber dust cap 480 may stretch in response to expansion and contraction of the shoulder jack 400 and prevent the coal rock falling from the top wall from entering the shoulder mechanism.

In some examples, the shoulder jack 400 provided at the top of the upright post 300 adopts a form of "the overlying air bag jack 420+the rotary pull rod 450+the hinge seat+the telescopic corrugated rubber dust cover 480+the double tension spring", so that the effective support of the roadway shoulder angle can be realized, and the coal rock block caving at the shoulder angle can be prevented. Meanwhile, the fillet pins 412 penetrate through the fillets 411, so that the fillets 411 are fixed in the grooves 470, and the shoulder jack 400 is ensured to swing only in the range of the grooves 470.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in connection with fig. 3 and 4, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 further includes two auxiliary support platforms 230, wherein one of the auxiliary support platforms 230 is connected to one end of the top beam 200, and wherein the other auxiliary support platform 230 is connected to the other end of the top beam 200. The auxiliary supporting platform 230 protrudes out of the top beam 200 towards the roadway roof 500, an avoidance space is defined below the auxiliary supporting platform 230, the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220 are suitable for being telescopic in the corresponding avoidance spaces, and each upright 300 is suitable for being stored in the corresponding avoidance space.

It will be appreciated that when the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in the folded state, the upright 300 may be stored in the avoidance space, and taking the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 3 as an example, the left upright 300 may be stored in the left auxiliary supporting platform 230, and the right upright 300 may be stored in the right auxiliary supporting platform 230. When the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is switched to the unfolded state, the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220 extend, and the corresponding upright post 300 is driven to leave the auxiliary support platform 230 and move towards the roadway side wall 510. Here, the protruding portions of the first and second telescopic beams 210 and 220 may be received in the escape space.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 4, the top jack 150 is disposed above the auxiliary supporting platform 230, and the top jack 150 on the upper side of the auxiliary supporting platform 230 can also support the roadway roof 500, so as to prevent the occurrence of an empty roof above the extension portions of the first telescopic beam 210 and the second telescopic beam 220.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, 4 and 12, auxiliary support platform 230 may also be received in shoulder jacks 400 at the top of column 300. The avoidance space below the auxiliary supporting platform 230 is the avoidance space which allows the shoulder jack 400 on the upright 300 to enter simultaneously when the upright 300 is in the folded state. In this way, the overall size of the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can be further reduced, and the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can more easily pass under the elastic shield support mechanism 100 in the unfolded state in the folded state.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 further includes a first telescopic jack 120 and a second telescopic jack 121, wherein one end of the first telescopic jack 120 is connected to the top beam 200, and the other end is connected to the first telescopic beam 210 to push the first telescopic beam 210 to perform telescopic motion; one end of the second telescopic jack 121 is connected to the top beam 200, and the other end is connected to the second telescopic beam 220 to push the second telescopic beam 220 to perform telescopic movement.

It is understood that the first and second jack-ups 120 and 121 may be disposed within the header 200. Taking the first telescopic jack 120 as an example, one end of the first telescopic jack 120 is connected with the top beam 200, and the top beam 200 supports the first telescopic jack 120, so that the first telescopic jack 120 drives the first telescopic beam 210 to stretch when acting. For example, the maximum telescopic amount of the first telescopic jack 120 and the second telescopic jack 121 is 500mm, and then the maximum telescopic amount of the left and right sides of the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is 500mm×2, that is, 1000mm; the basic length of the top beam 200 can be 4200mm, and then the maximum roof-connecting length can be 5200mm (the maximum expansion amount of the two sides of the top beam 200), so that the section requirement of a 5m wide roadway can be met.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, 5 and 10, two mounting grooves are formed in the top beam 200, and a first telescopic jack 120 and a second telescopic jack 121 are mounted in the mounting grooves, so that the top beam 200 can be supported and protected by the top jack 150 of the top beam 200 above the first telescopic jack 120 and the second telescopic jack 121; meanwhile, the top beam 200 is arranged below the first telescopic jack 120 and the second telescopic jack 121 to provide upward support, so that the working stability of the first telescopic jack 120 and the second telescopic jack 121 in the telescopic process can be improved.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in connection with fig. 7 and 9, column 300 may include an upper casing 310, a lower casing 320, and vertical jacks 110. Wherein the top of the upper header 310 is connected to the first telescopic beam 210 or the second telescopic beam 220. When the first telescopic beam 210 or the second telescopic beam 220 extends, the upper sleeve box 310 is driven to move towards the roadway side wall 510, so that the whole upright post 300 is driven to move towards the roadway side wall 510. The lower casing 320 is disposed in the upper casing 310, and the lower casing 320 is adapted to move in the up-down direction with respect to the upper casing 310; one end of the vertical jack 110 is connected to the upper casing 310, the other end of the vertical jack 110 is connected to the lower casing 320, and the vertical jack 110 is adapted to drive the upper casing 310 to move relative to the lower casing 320.

It will be appreciated that, in connection with fig. 7, the lower casing 320 is positioned within the upper casing 310 when the flexible shield support mechanism 100 is in the stowed position. Referring to fig. 9, when the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is unfolded, the vertical jack 110 acts and drives the upper box 310 to move toward the tunnel roof 500. When the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is folded from the unfolded state, the vertical jack 110 acts and drives the upper sleeve 310 to move towards the lower sleeve 320, and the upper sleeve 310 can be sleeved on the lower sleeve 320 again.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 3 in combination, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 further includes a diagonal jack 130, one end of the diagonal jack 130 is hinged to the top beam 200, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding upright 300. The diagonal bracing jack 130 supports the top beam 200 through the upright post 300, and improves the overall bearing performance of the top beam 200. In some examples, header 200 and column 300 are fabricated box mechanisms, such that diagonal jack 130 is mounted to the box mechanism with a hinge mount welded to the box mechanism as a fulcrum. For example, using the embodiment of fig. 1 as an example, diagonal brace jacks 130 may be coupled to upper jacket 310, and each column 300 coupled to top beam 200 via diagonal brace jacks 130, such that lateral support forces may be applied to top beam 200 or column 300 to improve the overall load bearing performance of top beam 200 and column 300.

It should be noted that, when the upright post 300 moves toward the roadway side wall 510, the diagonal brace jack 130 extends or contracts, the diagonal brace jack 130 can continuously support the top beam 200, and when the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is in the folded state or the unfolded state, the diagonal brace jack 130 can support the top beam 200.

According to some embodiments of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 further includes a fixing base 142, an omnidirectional traveling mechanism lifting jack 140, a sheath 143, and an omnidirectional traveling wheel 141. The fixing base 142 is connected with the lower end of the lower casing 320. One end of the omnibearing traveling mechanism lifting jack 140 is connected with a sheath 143. The sheath 143 is connected with the fixing base 142, and the sheath 143 covers the omnibearing running gear lifting jack 140, so that the sheath 143 provides a better working environment for the omnibearing running gear lifting jack 140 and protects the omnibearing running gear lifting jack 140 to work normally.

Referring to fig. 7, the omnidirectional traveling wheel 141 is connected to the other end of the omnidirectional traveling mechanism lifting jack 140, and the omnidirectional traveling mechanism lifting jack 140 is adapted to drive the omnidirectional traveling wheel 141 to move in the vertical direction. The omnibearing traveling wheels 141 can enable the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 to move towards different directions, so that the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can be more easily unfolded or folded up and down left and right. When the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is unfolded for support, the fixing base 142 can enable the elastic shield support mechanism 100 to be stably fixed on the roadway floor 520. Here, the omni-directional road wheel 141 may be a caster (Mecanum).

It can be understood that the omnibearing walking wheel 141 drives the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 to integrally move, when the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 moves to a position where support is needed, the omnibearing walking mechanism lifting jack 140 releases pressure, so that the omnibearing walking wheel 141 moves towards a direction away from the roadway bottom plate 520, and the omnibearing walking wheel 141 is in a lifting state; thus, the fixing base 142 moves towards the roadway bottom plate 520, and the pressure relief of the omnibearing traveling mechanism lifting jack 140 is completed after the fixing base 142 contacts with the roadway bottom plate 520. The elastic shield support mechanism 100 is thereby stably fixed at the position of the desired support by the fixing base 142.

When the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 needs to replace the supporting position, the lifting jack 140 of the omnibearing walking mechanism is pressurized, so that the omnibearing walking wheel 141 moves towards the roadway bottom plate 520, the omnibearing walking wheel 141 is in a grounding state, the omnibearing walking wheel 141 is contacted with the roadway bottom plate 520 again, and the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can move to replace the supporting position. The omnibearing walking wheel 141 can realize omnibearing walking of the integral elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 by operating a control mechanism and a driving mechanism when in a grounded state.

According to the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the 'fixed seat 142+ the omnibearing walking wheel 141+ the omnibearing walking mechanism lifting jack 140' is adopted to realize omnibearing walking of forward, backward and left-right translation of the upright post 300 in a combined and matched manner. The upright post 300 uses the fixing seat 142 as a main grounding force point, uses the two-side omnibearing travelling wheels 141 as auxiliary grounding force points, and can be provided with two omnibearing travelling wheels 141 on each side, so that four omnibearing travelling wheels 141 can be divided into a front group and a rear group, and each group controls the lifting and grounding states of the omnibearing travelling wheels 141 through one omnibearing travelling mechanism lifting jack 140. The omnibearing walking wheel 141 can realize omnibearing walking of the integral elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 by operating a control mechanism and a driving mechanism when in a grounded state.

In addition, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can realize a large-scale telescopic structure, the first telescopic jack 120 drives the first telescopic beam 210 to move, the second telescopic jack 121 drives the second telescopic beam 220 to move, the shoulder jack 400 enters the avoidance space below the auxiliary supporting platforms 230 on two sides of the top beam 200, namely, when the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is in a fully folded state, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can directly pass through the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 in a front unfolding state under the drive of the all-directional travelling wheels 141 to form a combined support structure, and continuous active temporary support of the pre-tunneling roadway top plate 500 is completed.

The utility model takes the temporary support of a rectangular section tunnel (section 5m multiplied by 3.5 m) as the background, and the whole elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 adopts a rectangular large gantry form, which is beneficial to the arrangement of tunneling working face equipment and the automatic operation.

In some examples, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 further includes a lifting ring 350 and an anti-fall chain 360, the anti-fall chain 360 may be threaded through the lifting ring 350, and the anti-fall chain 360 connects the anti-fall chain 360 between the plurality of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 by threading through the lifting ring 350 of the plurality of elastic shield support mechanisms 100. When the gradient of the coal seam is larger, the lifting ring 350 and the anti-falling chain 360 can connect the front and rear elastic shield supporting mechanisms 100, so that the elastic shield supporting mechanisms 100 are prevented from tilting, the overall stability of the mechanism is enhanced, and the application range of the mechanism in inclined coal seams and gently inclined coal seams is enlarged.

In summary, according to the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 of the embodiment of the present utility model, a rectangular large gantry is adopted, and hydraulic systems are used to operate the jacks to realize lifting, stretching, shrinking and overall moving of the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100; the pneumatic control system which adopts underground coal mine compressed air as a power source (consistent with the power source used by the jumbolter) realizes the effective stroke of each air bag jack so as to realize full contact and active support on the rugged roof and the shoulder angle thereof, thereby not only increasing the contact area between the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 and the roadway roof 500, but also improving the supporting strength and avoiding roof separation collapse.

And the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is designed to adopt a large-scale telescopic structure, when the telescopic beam at the top part drives the upright post 300 and shoulder jacks 400 thereof to enter the avoidance space below the auxiliary supporting platforms 230 at the two sides of the top beam 200 under the action of the telescopic jacks, namely in a fully contracted state, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can directly pass through the front elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 in an expanded state under the driving of the omnibearing travelling wheels 141 to form a combined supporting structure, and the continuous active temporary supporting of the pre-digging roadway top plate 500 is completed.

Meanwhile, each elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is provided with a hanging ring 350 and an anti-falling chain 360, and can be applied to inclined coal seams and gently inclined coal seams. The whole elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is convenient and fast to move, simple to operate, obvious in active roof-grafting and upper-grafting strong supporting effect, and has the advantages of being high in strength, strong in practicability, convenient to construct and operate, low in labor intensity of workers, capable of being repeatedly utilized and the like, the tunneling speed under the complex geological conditions of a coal mine can be further improved, and the safety of tunneling operators is fully guaranteed.

When tunneling is performed in soft broken surrounding rock, short tunneling and short supporting are generally performed, namely, each cycle is low in footage, a machine must be timely returned to perform permanent supporting after coal cutting, the lunar tunneling footage is low finally, the current rapid tunneling requirement is difficult to adapt, and the coal mine mining connection is tense. The conventional work cycle process comprises the following steps:

cutting coal by the tunneling machine, discharging coal by 0.8m, temporarily supporting by 0.8m, withdrawing the tunneling machine, paving a top net, arranging a steel bar ladder beam (W guard plate), permanently supporting, advancing the tunneling machine and carrying out the next cycle.

According to the method for temporary support of the coal mine tunnel, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 can be adopted. In the method of performing temporary support of a coal mine roadway, multiple sets of elastic shield support mechanisms 100, for example, five sets, may be selected. The plurality of groups of elastic shield supporting mechanisms 100 are perfectly matched with the coal cutting of the heading machine 600, and the shoulder angle jacks 400 of the elastic shield supporting mechanisms 100 can form active temporary support and inhibit surrounding rock deformation on a soft broken surrounding rock top plate.

Meanwhile, the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 in the fully contracted state can directly penetrate through the front extension elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 to form a row supporting structure and can be continuously supported according to the tunneling procedure requirement, the coal rock is completely cut by the tunneling machine 600 and then is concentrated and retreated for permanent supporting, the cyclic step distance is greatly widened (the setting number of the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 can be determined in advance according to the cyclic step distance, and thus the cyclic step distance can be enlarged), the tunneling speed under the complex geological condition of a coal mine is further improved, and the safety of tunneling operators is fully ensured.

Referring to fig. 13-20, according to a method for temporary support of a coal mine tunnel according to an embodiment of the present utility model, a plurality of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 are provided in the tunnel, and in a front-rear direction (front-rear direction as shown in fig. 13) of a heading machine 600, the plurality of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 are respectively a first group of support mechanisms, a second group of support mechanisms … …, and an nth group of support mechanisms from front to rear, including the steps of:

s1, after the heading machine 600 heading forwards for a first preset distance, the first group of supporting mechanisms are contracted, and the first group of supporting mechanisms are moved forwards for a second preset distance. It should be noted that, before the heading machine 600 works, heading preparation may be performed, for example, a top of a roof of a head-on roof may be knocked out, and safety confirmation may be performed. As shown in fig. 13, the heading machine 600 is in the preparation phase of heading.

It should be noted that, the first predetermined distance is set as a circulation step distance, and the empty top distance between the supporting structures cannot be too large according to the safety requirement, and the distance between the supporting structures can be set as the circulation step distance, so as to realize safe temporary supporting. The support structures are moved a second predetermined distance in order to make the distance between the support structures a cyclic step. For example, taking a cyclic step distance of 0.8m as an example, the first predetermined distance may be 0.8m and the second predetermined distance may be the distance required for the support mechanism to move to a position 0.4m from the end of the roadway (the end of the roadway is the roadway plane where the heading machine is newly heading), whereby the distance between each set of support structures is the cyclic step distance of 0.8m. It will be appreciated that the heading machine 600 begins cutting coal rock a first predetermined distance while the first set of support mechanisms near the work surface is contracted to a minimum size.

As shown in fig. 14, the heading machine 600 heading a first predetermined distance in the heading direction (front-to-rear direction as shown in fig. 14), and then the first set of support mechanisms is switched to the stowed state.

S2, installing the anchor net 620 on the top jack 150 and the shoulder angle jack 400, unfolding the first group of supporting mechanisms, unfolding the top jack 150 to enable the anchor net 620 to be attached to the roadway top plate 500, and obliquely stretching the shoulder angle jack 400 to enable the anchor net 620 to be attached to the inclined side wall in the roadway.

It should be noted that, the first group of supporting mechanisms is tunneled in place, the first group of supporting mechanisms is moved forward to the head-on of the working face, and an anchor net 620 is additionally installed above the top beam 200, then the elastic shield supporting mechanism 100 is lifted up, and the full-section roadway is supported by unfolding, and meanwhile, the top jack 150 and the shoulder angle jack 400 are adjusted according to the rugged condition of the top plate, so that comprehensive jacking and active temporary supporting are realized.

Here, the heading machine 600 may pass under the storage state of the elastic shield support mechanism 100, so that the heading machine 600 does not need to exit the heading position, and the next set of elastic shield support mechanisms 100 may also move toward the newly-heading roadway across the heading machine 600 to temporarily support the newly-heading roadway.

As shown in fig. 15, the first set of supporting mechanisms moves a second predetermined distance in the tunneling direction in the contracted state, the positions of the elastic shield support mechanisms 100 after the movement are fixed, and after the positions are fixed, the anchor net 620 is installed on the top jack 150 of the elastic shield support mechanism 100.

Referring to fig. 16, after the anchor net 620 is installed, the elastic shield support mechanism 100 is unfolded to perform temporary support, so that the anchor net 620 is abutted against the tunnel roof 500. After temporary support of the flexible shield support mechanism 100 is completed, the heading machine 600 is moved a first predetermined distance in the heading direction while the second set of support mechanisms is retracted.

Referring to fig. 17, the contracted second set of support mechanisms passes under the first set of support mechanisms and is secured in a position where the second set of support mechanisms is moved to a second predetermined distance.

And S3, repeating the steps S1 to S2 for the second group of supporting mechanisms and the N group of supporting mechanisms … …. For example, as shown in fig. 18, an anchor net 620 is installed on the top jack 150 of the second set of support mechanisms.

And S4, after the N group of supporting mechanisms are unfolded, arranging a top anchor rod 610 at the anchor net 620. For example, roof bolts 610 may be provided to the roadway roof 500 by pneumatic jumbolters or the like.

And S5, repeating the steps S1 to S5 after the top anchor rod 610 is arranged. Here, the number of the elastic shield support mechanisms 100 to be set may be determined in advance according to the circulation step distance.

Finally, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the heading machine 600 may be retracted to permanently support the inter-frame roadway under the protection of the elastic shield support mechanism 100.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. An elastic shield support mechanism, characterized in that, the elastic shield support mechanism is suitable for roadway support, and the elastic shield support mechanism includes:

the two ends of the top beam are provided with a first telescopic beam and a second telescopic beam, and the first telescopic beam and the second telescopic beam are telescopic along the extending direction of the top beam;

the top jacks are arranged on the upper surface of the top beam along the length direction of the top beam and are suitable for supporting the roadway top plate;

the two upright posts are positioned below the top beam and used for supporting the top beam, the top of one upright post is connected with the first telescopic beam, the top of the other upright post is connected with the second telescopic beam, and the upright posts are telescopic upright posts;

and two shoulder jacks, wherein one shoulder jack is positioned at the top of one upright post and is suitable for obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder, and the other shoulder jack is positioned at the top of the other upright post and is suitable for obliquely supporting the roadway shoulder.

2. The flexible shield support mechanism of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the top jacks are sequentially attached to and aligned with the top beam along a length of the top beam.

3. The elastic shield support mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the top of the upright post is provided with a groove with an upward opening;

the shoulder angle jack includes: the mounting plate is covered at the upper end of the groove, a round corner is arranged at the lower side of the mounting plate, and the round corner is hinged with the groove;

the upper air bag jack is arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate;

the shoulder angle abutting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the overlying air bag jack and is suitable for abutting against a roadway shoulder angle;

the movable guide rail is positioned on the upper side of the mounting plate, the lower end of the movable guide rail is connected with the mounting plate, and the movable guide rail extends along the vertical direction;

the rotating pull rod is connected with the shoulder angle abutting plate at one end, the other end of the rotating pull rod is suitable for moving along the movable guide rail, and the rotating pull rod can pivot relative to the movable guide rail;

the elastic pieces are positioned on the lower side of the mounting plate, one end of each elastic piece is connected with the mounting plate, and the other end of each elastic piece is connected with the top of the upright post;

When the movable guide rail is positioned at the left side of the upper air bag jack in the left-right direction of the roadway, the shoulder angle jack is obliquely supported towards the left side; when the movable guide rail is positioned on the right side of the upper air bag jack, the shoulder angle jack is supported in an inclined manner towards the right side.

4. The elastic shield support mechanism of claim 1, wherein at least one of the shoulder jacks and the top jacks is an airbag jack.

5. The flexible shield support mechanism of claim 1, further comprising two auxiliary support platforms, one of the auxiliary support platforms being connected to one end of the top beam, wherein the other auxiliary support platform is connected to the other end of the top beam,

the auxiliary supporting platform protrudes out of the top beam towards the roadway top plate, an avoidance space is defined below the auxiliary supporting platform, the first telescopic beam and the second telescopic beam are suitable for being telescopic in the corresponding avoidance space, and each upright post is suitable for being stored in the corresponding avoidance space.

6. The elastic shield support mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a diagonal brace jack, one end of the diagonal brace jack being hinged to the top beam and the other end being hinged to a corresponding upright.

7. The elastic shield support mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a first telescopic jack and a second telescopic jack, wherein one end of the first telescopic jack is connected with the top beam, and the other end of the first telescopic jack is connected with the first telescopic beam so as to push the first telescopic beam to move in a telescopic manner; one end of the second telescopic jack is connected with the top beam, and the other end of the second telescopic jack is connected with the second telescopic beam so as to push the second telescopic beam to move in a telescopic mode.

8. The elastic shield support mechanism of claim 1, wherein the upright comprises:

the top of the upper sleeve box is connected with the first telescopic beam or the second telescopic beam;

the lower sleeve box is arranged in the upper sleeve box and is suitable for moving relative to the upper sleeve box along the up-down direction;

the vertical jack, the one end of vertical jack with go up the case is connected, the other end of vertical jack with lower case is connected, just vertical jack is suitable for the drive go up the case for lower case removes.

9. The elastic shield support mechanism of claim 8, further comprising:

The fixed seat is connected with the lower end of the lower sleeve box;

the sheath is connected with the fixing seat;

the sheath covers the omnibearing travelling mechanism lifting jack, and one end of the omnibearing travelling mechanism lifting jack is connected with the sheath;

the all-round walking wheel, all-round walking wheel with the other end of all-round running gear lifting jack is connected, all-round running gear lifting jack is suitable for the drive all-round walking wheel moves along vertical direction.