CN219799824U - Front light source module and display device - Google Patents

Front light source module and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219799824U
CN219799824U CN202222560045.7U CN202222560045U CN219799824U CN 219799824 U CN219799824 U CN 219799824U CN 202222560045 U CN202222560045 U CN 202222560045U CN 219799824 U CN219799824 U CN 219799824U
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light
layer
dimming
microstructure
micro
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Inventor
陈秀云
侯婷琇
孙凌宇
钟鹏
谭祺瑞
邵喜斌
蔡斯特
王光泉
赵超越
张梓彦
杜景军
郝倩倩
孙亚新
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present disclosure provides a front-end light source module, comprising: a side light source; the light guide layer is provided with a light incident side surface, and the light incident side surface and the side light source are oppositely arranged in a first direction; the first layer of adjusting luminance, with the light guide layer range upon range of setting in the third direction, the one side part that keeps away from the light guide layer on the first layer of adjusting luminance is provided with a plurality of micro groove structures, and micro groove structure includes: the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the first inclined surface faces the light incident side surface and is closer to the light incident side surface than the second inclined surface, an included angle alpha formed by the first inclined surface and a plane where one side surface of the first dimming layer, which is far away from the light guide layer, is 26-42 degrees, and the depth H of the micro-groove structure is 4-15 um; the refractive index of the first light modulation layer is larger than or equal to that of the light guide layer. The disclosure also provides a display device.

Description

Front light source module and display device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of display, in particular to a front light source module and a display device.
Background
Currently, in the market trend that outdoor display and sports display are increasingly favored, most manufacturers of large panels are devoted to designing low-power display products capable of being displayed by using outdoor ambient light, and reflective display panels are generated.
The reflective display panel realizes display by reflecting ambient light by a reflective layer (a metal layer with a reflective function) in the reflective display panel, does not need a backlight source, and has the advantages of low power consumption, light weight and the like; however, when the ambient light is weak, the reflective display product needs an additional light source to assist in display; accordingly, the development of a front light module that can be applied to a reflective display panel has become a new research direction in the display field.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a front-end light source module, including:
a side light source;
the light guide layer is provided with a light incident side surface, and the light incident side surface and the side light source are oppositely arranged in a first direction;
the first layer of adjusting luminance with the light guide layer stacks the setting in the third direction, keep away from on the first layer of adjusting luminance one side part of light guide layer is provided with a plurality of micro groove structures, micro groove structure includes: the first inclined surface is configured to face the light incident side surface and is closer to the light incident side surface than the second inclined surface, an included angle alpha formed by the first inclined surface and a plane where one side surface of the first dimming layer far away from the light guide layer is located is 26-42 degrees, and the depth H of the micro-groove structure is 4-15 um;
The refractive index of the first dimming layer is larger than or equal to that of the light guide layer.
In some embodiments, the micro-groove structure has a length L in the first direction of the opening of the side surface of the first dimming layer away from the light guiding layer 1 ；
L 1 Ratio to H L 1 the/H satisfies: l (L) 1 /H≤4。
In some embodiments, L1 satisfies L 1 ≤80um。
In some embodiments, the first inclined surface is rectangular, and a set of opposite sides of the rectangular first inclined surface extend along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the third direction;
the extending direction of the other group of opposite sides of the rectangular first inclined surface is perpendicular to the third direction and is intersected with the first direction and the second direction.
In some embodiments, the length L of the side extending in the second direction on the first inclined surface is rectangular 2 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 2 ≤80um。
In some embodiments, the shape of the micro-groove structure in a cross section parallel to the first direction and parallel to the third direction comprises: triangle or quadrangle.
In some embodiments, the second inclined surface is a flat surface or a curved surface.
In some embodiments, the arrangement density of the micro-groove structures increases gradually in a direction away from the light entrance side along the first direction.
In some embodiments, a side surface of the first dimming layer away from the light guide layer is divided into a plurality of groove structure setting areas arranged along the first direction;
the space between the groove structure arrangement regions gradually decreases in a direction away from the light incident side surface in the first direction;
the groove structure setting area is divided into a plurality of rectangular periodic areas which are distributed along the second direction; the length of the rectangular periodic area in the first direction is R, and the length of the rectangular periodic area in the second direction is Q;
m micro-groove structures are arranged in the rectangular periodic area, and the M micro-groove structures are uniformly distributed in the corresponding rectangular periodic area.
In some embodiments, the arrangement of the M micro-groove structures within the same rectangular periodic region satisfies: the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures in the first direction is greater than or equal to R/M, and the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures in the second direction is greater than or equal to Q/M.
In some embodiments, the side light source comprises:
a light source;
the beam-converging structure is positioned between the light source and the light-incident side surface, is configured to converge the light rays emitted by the light source, and makes the light rays emitted by the beam-converging structure form an included angle theta with a first reference plane 1 Satisfy theta 1 ≤52.4°；
The first reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the third direction.
In some embodiments, the converging structure includes: a wedge-shaped light guide structure;
the wedge-shaped light guide structure includes: the first light incident surface, the first light emergent surface, the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface;
the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are perpendicular to the first direction, the length of the first light incident surface in the third direction is T1, the length of the first light emergent surface in the third direction is T2, T2 is more than T1, and the projection of the first light emergent surface on the plane where the first light incident surface is located covers the first light incident surface;
the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface are oppositely arranged in the third direction, and the distance between the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface in the third direction is gradually increased in the direction from the first light incident surface to the first light emergent surface along the first direction;
the light source is arranged opposite to the first light incident surface, and the light incident side surface is arranged opposite to the first light emergent surface.
In some embodiments, the light source comprises: the light-emitting device comprises a driving plate and a light-emitting element fixed on the driving plate, wherein the length T of the light-emitting element in the third direction is smaller than the length T1 of the first light incident surface in the third direction;
the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element on the plane where the first light incident surface is located in the area limited by the first light incident surface.
In some embodiments, the length T of the light emitting element in the third direction satisfies: t is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
In some embodiments, the wedge-shaped light guiding structure is the same material as the light guiding layer and is integrally formed with the light guiding layer;
the light incident side surface and the first light emergent surface are the same surface.
In some embodiments, the converging structure includes a converging lens.
In some embodiments, a cross section of a side surface of the condensing lens, which is far from the light source, in a direction perpendicular to the second direction is in a shape of an arc line;
or the cross section of the surface of one side of the condensing lens far away from the light source in the direction perpendicular to the second direction is a curve formed by alternately connecting circular arcs and line segments in sequence.
In some embodiments, the light source comprises: the light-emitting device comprises a driving plate and a light-emitting element fixed on the driving plate, wherein the condensing lens is arranged on the driving plate and covers the light-emitting element.
In some embodiments, a side surface of the light guiding layer remote from the first dimming layer is provided with a plurality of light focusing microstructures configured to focus light rays passing through the light focusing microstructures from the light guiding layer.
In some embodiments, the light-condensing microstructure is a light-condensing groove formed on one side surface of the first light-modulating layer, and the light-condensing groove extends along the second direction;
the shape of the cross section of the surface of the light gathering groove perpendicular to the second direction comprises: v-shaped and arc-shaped.
In some embodiments, the length L of the light-gathering groove in the first direction 3 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 3 ≤80um。
In some embodiments, a side of the light guiding layer away from the first dimming layer is provided with at least one layer of a second dimming layer stacked with the light guiding layer in the first direction, and a dimming microstructure is provided on the second dimming layer, and the dimming microstructure is configured to: and adjusting the light emergent angle of the light rays which are emergent from the surface of one side of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and pass through the dimming microstructure.
In some embodiments, the light emitted from the side of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer propagates in a direction away from a plane in which the light incident side surface is located;
The dimming microstructure provided on at least one of the second dimming layers includes: a first dimming microstructure configured to: the light rays emitted from the surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the first dimming microstructure still propagate along the direction away from the plane where the light incident side surface is located, but the included angle between the light rays and the third direction is increased;
and/or, the dimming microstructure disposed on at least one layer of the second dimming layer comprises: a second dimming microstructure configured to: the light rays emitted from the surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the second dimming microstructure still propagate along the direction away from the plane where the light incident side surface is located, but the included angle between the light rays and the third direction is reduced;
and/or, the dimming microstructure disposed on at least one layer of the second dimming layer comprises: a third dimming microstructure configured to: the light emitted from the side surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the third dimming microstructure propagates along the direction close to the plane where the light incident side surface is located.
In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second dimming layer closest to the light guiding layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guiding layer.
In some embodiments, the number of second dimming layers is greater than or equal to 2 layers;
for any two adjacent second dimming layers, the refractive index of one second dimming layer closer to the light guide layer in the two adjacent second dimming layers is smaller than or equal to the refractive index of the other second dimming layer in the two adjacent second dimming layers.
In some embodiments, the first light modulation layer is attached to the light guide layer through a first attaching adhesive layer, the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide layer, and the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first light modulation layer.
In some embodiments, the material of the first dimming layer comprises a nanoimprint material.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display apparatus, including: the reflective display panel and the front light module as provided in the first aspect, wherein the front light module is located on the light emitting surface of the reflective display panel.
In some embodiments, the reflective display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, each of the sub-pixel regions having a length L in the first direction 0 ；
The length of the micro-groove structure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 And the length of the micro-groove structure in the second direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
In some embodiments, a side surface of the light guiding layer remote from the first dimming layer is provided with a plurality of light focusing microstructures configured to focus light rays passing through the light focusing microstructures from the light guiding layer;
the length of the light-gathering microstructure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
In some embodiments, a side of the light guiding layer away from the first dimming layer is provided with at least one layer of a second dimming layer stacked with the light guiding layer in the first direction, and a dimming microstructure is provided on the second dimming layer, and the dimming microstructure is configured to: adjusting the light emergent angle of the light rays which are emergent from the surface of one side of the light guide layer, far away from the first dimming layer and pass through the dimming microstructure;
the light modulation microThe length of the structure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
In some embodiments, the front light module is attached to the reflective display panel through a second adhesive layer;
the refractive index of the part, which is contacted with the second bonding adhesive layer, of the front light source module is larger than that of the second bonding adhesive layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front light module and a reflective display panel stacked in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-end light source module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a front-end light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a reflective display panel for testing reflectivity under incident light at different angles;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the reflectivity of a reflective display panel under incident light at different angles;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an optical path of an internal position of a front light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of light leakage at an opening of a micro-groove structure according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 8 is θ with α=37° in an embodiment of the present disclosure 1 The probability P of light leakage of the micro-groove structure with the opening light leakage along with L when the values are 56.7 degrees and 43 degrees respectively 1 Schematic representation of the change in H;
FIG. 9 is L in an embodiment of the present disclosure 1 Schematic diagram of the variation of the light leakage probability P of the micro-groove structure along with alpha when the value of H is 11.2/6;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing distribution of light-emitting brightness at different angles on one side of the first dimming layer far from the light guiding layer when different α values are simulated in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing distribution of light output brightness at different angles at one side of the first light modulation layer near the light guiding layer when different values of α are simulated in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a plurality of different structures of a micro-groove structure in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of micro-groove structures in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of various arrangements of 4 micro-groove structures within a rectangular periodic area in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 15B is another cross-sectional schematic view of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 16A is yet another cross-sectional schematic of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 16B is a schematic view of a structure of the side light of FIG. 16A;
FIG. 17A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 17B is a schematic view of a structure of the side light of FIG. 17A;
FIG. 18A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 18B is another cross-sectional schematic view of a light guiding layer in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 19A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 19B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a front-end light source module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a front light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of light modulation by three different dimming microstructures in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 24 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a display device in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical scheme of the present utility model, the following describes a front light module and a display device provided by the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in this disclosure, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front light module and a reflective display panel stacked in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-end light source module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a front-end light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the front light module can be disposed on the light emitting side of the reflective display panel 100 to provide the reflective display panel 100 with light for display in an ambient light scene. The front light source module comprises: a side light 400, a light guide layer 340, and a first dimming layer 320.
The light guiding layer 340 has a light incident side surface 341, where the light incident side surface 341 and the side light source 400 are disposed opposite to each other in a first direction X (e.g., a horizontal direction in fig. 3); the light provided by the side light source 400 can be emitted into the light guide layer 340 through the light incident side 341; the first dimming layer 320 and the light guiding layer 340 are stacked in a third direction Z (for example, a vertical direction in fig. 3), a plurality of micro groove structures 310 are disposed on a portion of the first dimming layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340, and the micro groove structures 310 include: the first inclined surface 311 and the second inclined surface 312 are oppositely arranged in the first direction X, the first inclined surface 311 is configured to face the light incident side surface 341 and be closer to the light incident side surface 341 than the second inclined surface 312, an included angle alpha formed by the first inclined surface 311 and a plane where a side surface of the first dimming layer 320, which is far away from the light guide layer 340, is 26-42 degrees, and the depth H of the micro groove structure 310 is 4-15 um; the refractive index of the first light modulation layer 320 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide layer 340.
In some embodiments, the first dimming layer 320 is attached by the first attaching adhesive layer 330, the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer 330 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guiding layer 340, and the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer 330 is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first dimming layer 320.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the light provided by the side light source 400 may be emitted into the light guiding layer 340 through the light incident side 341, and in the process of only light conduction in the light guiding layer 340, part of the light may be emitted into the first light adjusting layer 320; the micro-groove structure 310 is disposed on the first light modulation layer 320, and the micro-groove structure 310 has a first inclined surface 311 facing the light incident side 341, and the first inclined surface 311 can reflect a portion of the light incident into the first light modulation layer 320 at the first inclined surface 311 and the reflected light is directed to the reflective display panel 100 (i.e. the side of the first light modulation layer 320 near the light guide layer 340), so as to provide the reflective display panel 100 with light for display.
The refractive index of the first light modulation layer 320 is set to be greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide layer 340, so that total reflection of light rays emitted from the light guide layer 340 to the first light modulation layer 320 can be effectively avoided, the quantity of light rays emitted to the first light modulation layer 320 can be ensured, and the quantity of light rays finally provided to the reflective display panel 100 by the front light source module can be improved.
Similarly, when the first adhesive layer 330 is disposed, the refractive index of the first adhesive layer 330 is set to be greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guiding layer 340 and less than or equal to the refractive index of the first light adjusting layer 320, so that light is prevented from being totally reflected during the process of being transmitted from the light guiding layer 340 to the first light adjusting layer 320.
In addition, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the side light source 400 does not need to be turned on in a strong ambient light scene, but the ambient light needs to pass through the front light source module to reach the reflective display panel 100, and the reflective display panel 100 reflects to form imaging light, and the imaging light passes through the front light source module and then is emitted. In the process of passing through the front light source module, the micro-groove structure 310 disposed on the first dimming layer 320 will have a certain influence on the external ambient light or the imaging light, so as to affect the final display quality. To improve the above-mentioned problem, the micro-groove structure 310 on the first dimming layer 320 is designed to be smaller in size in the embodiments of the present disclosure; for example, the depth H of the micro groove structure 310 is 4um to 15um. However, since the size of the micro groove structure 310 is too small and the flatness and tilt angle accuracy requirements are relatively high, it is difficult to manufacture the micro groove structure 310 by a conventional photo patterning process (it is difficult to form a flat first tilt angle and to control the first tilt angle) or an injection molding process (it is difficult to manufacture a micro groove structure of a small size with the process accuracy of the injection molding process); therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the first light modulation layer 320 is preferably a nano-imprinting material, and at this time, the micro-groove structure 310 with a small size can be formed based on the nano-imprinting process, so that the surface of the first inclined surface of the prepared micro-groove structure 310 is flat. In some embodiments, the nanoimprint material includes nanoimprint resist, such as acrylic; the refractive index of the nanoimprint material may be adjusted by adding inorganic particles (e.g., tiO2, zrO2, etc.) to the nanoimprint gum.
In addition, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the side surface of the first light modulation layer 320 away from the light guide layer 340 is located is 26 ° to 42 °, so that the display light beam emitted to the reflective display panel 100 formed after being reflected by the first inclined surface 311 is as high as possible within the high-reflectivity incident angle range of the reflective display panel 100 when reaching the reflective display panel 100, and the emergent angle of the light beam refracted on the first inclined surface 311 and finally exiting from the opening of the micro-groove structure 310 is as high as possible outside the viewing angle range of the display device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the reflectivity of a reflective display panel under incident light of different angles. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the reflectivity of a reflective display panel under incident light at different angles. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the reflective layer in the reflective display Panel 100 is mainly specularly reflective, and the reflected light formed by the reflective layer is modulated to the main viewing angle by a scattering layer or a Panel Bump (Panel Bump) structure in the reflective display Panel 100. In the test scenario shown in fig. 4, the light detection unit is aligned with the reflective display panel 100, and then the position of the test light source is continuously adjusted so that the angle θ of the light emitted to the reflective display panel 100 is changed. Wherein θ can vary from-90 to 90 degrees.
It is found through testing that the reflective display panel 100 exhibits a great difference in reflectivity when incident light of different angles θ is incident on the reflective display panel 100. Wherein, the reflective display panel 100 can exhibit a certain reflectivity when the incident light angle θ is between-45 ° and +45°, and the reflective display panel 100 exhibits a higher level (greater than 40%) when the incident light angle θ is between-10 ° and-30 °.
In the present application, the angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane of the first light adjusting layer 320, which is far from the light guiding layer 340, directly affects the incident angle of the display light reflected by the first inclined surface 311 when reaching the reflective display panel 100.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an optical path of an internal position of a front light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, where the refractive index of the light guiding layer 340 is denoted as n (340), the refractive index of the first adhesive layer 330 is denoted as n (330), the refractive index of the first light adjusting layer 320 is denoted as n (310), the refractive index of the medium contacting the surface of the first light adjusting layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340 and the refractive index of the medium contacting the light incident side 341 are denoted as n (air), and n (air) < n (340) < n (330) < n (310). The second inclined surface 312 forms an angle α with the surface of the first light adjusting layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340 2 The micro-groove structure 310 has an opening length L in the first direction X 1 。
The critical angle of total reflection of the surface of the first light modulation layer 320 far from the light guide layer 340 is denoted as θ c1 ：
The critical angle of total reflection at the interface between the first light modulation layer 320 and the first adhesive layer 330 is denoted as θ c2 ：
Light inputted from the light incident side 341 and reaching the first dimming layer 320 may have the following 4 light path conditions:
light path case (a): light ray at an angle theta 5 After reaching a side surface of the first light modulation layer 320 away from the light guide layer 340, the reflected light does not pass through the micro groove structure 310. At this time, θ 5 < 90-alpha, reflected ray at angle θ 5 Propagates downward. At this time, there is the following relationship:
n(air)*sinθ1＝n(340)*sinθ 2
θ 3 ＝90-θ 2
n(340)*sinθ 3 ＝n(330)*sinθ 4 ＝n(310)*sinθ 5
light path case (b): light ray at an angle theta 5 After reaching a side surface of the first light modulation layer 320 away from the light guide layer 340, the reflected light reaches the first inclined surface 311 of the micro groove structure 310 and is reflected again. Wherein, in order to realize the light beam converging, the angle k of the reflected light is smaller than theta 5 . At this time, the angle k of the reflected light has the following relationship:
k＝180-θ 5 -2 a formula (2)
Light path case (c): the light directly irradiates the first inclined surface 311 of the micro-groove structure 310 and is refracted at the first inclined surface 311, and the refracted light is directly emitted from the opening of the micro-groove structure 310, i.e. light leakage is generated at the micro-groove structure 310. At this time, the light exit angle δ of the refracted light has the following relationship:
Light path case (d): the light irradiates the first inclined surface 311 of the micro groove structure 310 and is refracted at the first inclined surface 311, but the refracted light propagates to the second inclined surface 312 and is refracted at the second inclined surface 312 or re-enters the first dimming layer 320. At this time, the refraction angle ω of the refracted light has the following relationship:
since the refraction angle ω is a large angle, most of the light rays are confined to the first light modulation layer 320 for total reflection, and in order to destroy the total reflection and make the light rays continue to propagate downward, the critical angle θ of the interface between the first light modulation layer 320 and the first adhesive layer 330 needs to be increased c2 Preferably, the refractive index n (330) of the first adhesive layer 330 is equal to the refractive index n (310) of the first light modulation layer 320, and the light rays with any refraction angle ω can pass through the interface between the first light modulation layer 320 and the first adhesive layer.
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with a specific example.
Wherein, n (air) is 1, n (340) is 1.49, n (330) is 1.55, n (310) is 1.58, alpha is 37 degrees, L 1 The value is 11.2um, and the value of H is 6um. By the above formula (1) to the above (4) The calculations were performed to obtain the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Angle calculation results Table for different light path conditions
In Table 1 above, the incident angle θ 1 Light intensity of light incident to light incident side 341 of 0 ° is I 0 Incidence angle theta 1 Light intensity of light incident on light incident side 341 of 12 ° is 0.98×i 0 Incidence angle theta 1 Light intensity of light incident on light incident side 341 of 19 ° 0.95×i 0 Incidence angle theta 1 Light intensity of light incident on light incident side 341 of 43 ° 0.7×i 0 And so on.
As can be seen from the results of Table 1, the included angle ω of the refracted ray generated by the optical path condition (d) is a large value (ω. Gtoreq.74.4°). This portion of the large angle refracted light can propagate to the reflective display panel, but as can be seen from the reflectance curve obtained in fig. 5, the reflectance of the reflective display panel for the large angle light is extremely low. Therefore, the light utilization value in the light condition (d) is low.
The angles of the reflected light rays formed in the light path case (a) and the light path case (b) are 53 ° or less, and the reflection type display panel has a relatively high reflectance for the light rays of a small angle as can be seen from the reflectance curve obtained in fig. 5. Therefore, the light utilization value in the light path case (a) and the light path case (b) is relatively high. Further, since the reflected light formed in the light path case (a) is mainly from the incident angle θ at the light incident side 341 1 Light rays at 52.4 to 90 degrees, and the reflected light rays formed in the light path case (b) mainly come from the incident angle θ at the light incident side 341 1 Light rays with incidence angle theta between 0 and 52.4 degrees 1 The light intensity of the light rays at 0-52.4 degrees is obviously larger than the incident angle theta 1 Light of 52.4-90 DEG light rayThe intensity of the reflected light for display formed in the optical path case (b) is greater than that of the reflected light for display formed in the optical path case (a). That is, the light use value in the light path case (b) is higher than that in the light path case (a).
Based on the above calculation result, it can be deduced that when the light outputted from the side light source 400 is subjected to the beam-converging process so that the incident light angle θ of all the light incident to the incident light side 341 1 When the light source modules are in the range of 0-52.4 degrees, the quantity of light rays forming the light path condition (b) can be effectively increased, so that the quantity of light rays provided by the front light source module to the reflective display panel 100 is increased, and the display brightness is improved.
Since the light path condition (c) indicates that light leakage exists at the micro groove structure 310, light leakage at the micro groove structure 310 directly affects the contrast ratio of the display device. For this reason, the light exit angle δ of the light leakage from the micro groove structure 310 should be larger than the maximum viewing angle δmax of the display device as much as possible, so as to avoid the light leakage from the micro groove structure 310 received by the user under the viewing angle. In general, the maximum viewing angle δmax of the display device is 60 °.
From the formulas (1) and (3), θ can be obtained 1 The following relationship is satisfied:
wherein when δ > δmax=60°, the following relationship can be obtained:
θ can be calculated by substituting n (air) =1, n (340) =1.49, n (310) =1.58, α=37° into equation (5) 1 ＜56.7°。
It should be noted that, when δmax is larger, the light extraction angle δ of the light leakage is further limited. For example, when the maximum viewing angle δmax is 70 °, θ can be found by calculation 1 < 43 deg.. It can be seen that the light leakage is further reducedThe light leakage effect at the opening of the micro-groove structure 310 can be applied to the incident light angle theta at the incident light side 341 1 Further converging.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of light leakage at an opening of a micro-groove structure in an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the light leakage is formed by the refracted light generated after the light irradiates the region indicated by w 'and generates the folding line, and the refracted light generated after the light irradiates the region indicated by w-w' and generates the folding line enters the first dimming layer 320 again (without forming the light leakage) through the second inclined surface 312.
Defining the open light leakage probability of the micro-groove structure 310 as P, and P satisfies:
based on formula (6), the light leakage probability is P and L 1 H, α and δ.
Fig. 8 is θ with α=37° in an embodiment of the present disclosure 1 The probability P of light leakage of the micro-groove structure 310 with the opening light leakage along with L when the values are 56.7 degrees and 43 degrees respectively 1 Schematic representation of the change in/H. As shown in fig. 8, where α takes a value of 37 °. When theta is as 1 When the value is 56.7 degrees, the light leakage probability is along with L 1 An increase in H is linearly increasing; when theta is as 1 When the value is 43 degrees, the light leakage probability is along with L 1 The increase in/H increases linearly.
FIG. 9 is L in an embodiment of the present disclosure 1 And the open light leakage probability P of the micro-groove structure 310 is changed along with alpha when the value of/H is 11.2/6. As shown in FIG. 9, wherein L 1 The value of/H is 11.2/6. When alpha is in the range of 20-45 degrees, the light leakage probability is increased along with the increase of alpha.
Fig. 10 is a schematic distribution diagram of the light output brightness of the side of the first dimming layer far from the light guiding layer at different angles when different α values are simulated in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating distribution of the brightness of the light exiting from the side of the first light modulation layer 320 near the light guiding layer 340 at different angles when different α values are simulated in the embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, an angle between the light ray and the third direction Z is defined as negative (-) when the light ray propagates in the direction away from the light incident side 341, and an angle between the light ray and the third direction Z is defined as positive (+) when the light ray propagates in the direction close to the light incident side 341 (the angle θ is uniform as the angle θ in fig. 4 and 5).
As can be seen from the results of fig. 10, when α has values of 32 °, 37 °, 42 °, the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light-adjusting layer 320 away from the light-guiding layer 340 is greater than 75 °, and the light-emitting angle of most of the light is greater than 60 °. That is, the light exit angle of most of the light rays at the opening of the micro groove structure 310, which causes light leakage, is located outside the viewing angle range (the maximum viewing angle δmax is typically 60 °) of the display device. Therefore, when the α value is set in the range of 32 ° to 42 °, the light beam refracted on the first inclined surface 311 and finally exiting from the opening of the micro groove structure 310 can be located outside the viewing angle range of the display device as much as possible, which is beneficial to improving the contrast ratio of the display device.
As can be seen from the result of fig. 11, when the value of α is 32 °, the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light-adjusting layer 320 close to the light-guiding layer 340 is-34 °, when the value of α is 37 °, the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light-adjusting layer 320 close to the light-guiding layer 340 is-21 °, when the value of α is 37 °, the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light-adjusting layer 320 close to the light-guiding layer 340 is-16 °, and the peak angles of the light-emitting brightness at three different values of α are all better matched with the high-reflectivity incident angle range (-10 ° -30 °) of the reflective display panel 100 shown in fig. 5.
Accordingly, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the first light adjusting layer 320 is located away from the side surface of the light guiding layer 340 is 32 ° to 42 °, so that the display light beam emitted to the reflective display panel 100 formed after being reflected by the first inclined surface 311 is as high as possible within the high-reflectivity incident angle range of the reflective display panel 100 (to improve the display brightness) when reaching the reflective display panel 100, and the emergent angle of the light beam refracted on the first inclined surface 311 and finally emitted from the opening of the micro-groove structure 310 is as high as possible outside the viewing angle range of the display device (to improve the display contrast).
It should be noted that, when the included angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the surface of the side of the first light adjusting layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340 is located is smaller than 32 and greater than or equal to 26 °, the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light adjusting layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340 is still greater than 60 °, and the peak angle of the light-emitting brightness of the side of the first light adjusting layer 320 close to the light guiding layer 340 is around-40 °, i.e. the exit angle of most of the light emitted from the opening of the micro-groove structure 310 is outside the viewing angle range of the display device, and the display light emitted to the reflective display panel 100 after being reflected by the first inclined surface 311 is better matched with the high-reflectivity incident angle range of the reflective display panel 100.
When the included angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the surface of the first light adjusting layer 320 is far away from the light guiding layer 340 is greater than 42 degrees, it can be seen from fig. 9 that the light leakage probability is rapidly increased to 50% at this time, which is at a higher level, and is not beneficial to improving the display contrast.
Based on the above-mentioned comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, in the embodiment of the disclosure, the included angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the surface of the side of the first light adjusting layer 320 away from the light guiding layer 340 is located is 26 ° to 42 °
Additionally, L is shown based on FIG. 8 in an embodiment of the present disclosure 1 The larger the value of/H, the greater the light leakage probability. In the embodiment of the disclosure, to effectively control the light leakage probability of the micro-groove structure 310, L 1 the/H satisfies: l (L) 1 H is less than or equal to 4. In practical application, under the condition of process operation, L 1 Can be designed as small as possible. Alternatively, L 1 Satisfy L 1 ≤80um。
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a number of different structures of a micro-groove structure in an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 12, in some embodiments, the first inclined surface 311 is rectangular, and a pair of the rectangular first inclined surfaces 311 extends along a second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction X and the third direction Z; the extending direction of the other set of opposite sides of the rectangular first inclined surface 311 is perpendicular to the third direction Z, and intersects both the first direction X and the second direction Y. Optionally, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.
In some embodiments, the length L of the side extending in the second direction Y on the first inclined surface 311 having a rectangular shape 2 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 2 ≤80um。
In some embodiments, the shape of the cross-section of the micro groove structure 310 parallel to the first direction X and parallel to the third direction Z includes: triangle or quadrangle. For example, the shape of the cross section of the micro groove structure 310 in the case of (a) and (d) in parallel to the first direction X and in parallel to the third direction Z in fig. 12 is a triangle, the shape of the cross section of the micro groove structure 310 in the case of (b) and (e) in parallel to the first direction X and in parallel to the third direction Z in fig. 12 is a trapezoid, and the shape of the cross section of the micro groove structure 310 in the case of (c) in parallel to the first direction X and in parallel to the third direction Z in fig. 12 is a parallelogram.
In some embodiments, the second inclined surface 312 is a planar or curved surface. For example, the second inclined surface 312 is a plane surface as shown in the cases (a), (b), and (c) in fig. 12, and the second inclined surface 312 is a curved surface as shown in the cases (d), and (e) in fig. 12.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the micro-groove structure 310 may also take other shapes, and it is only necessary to ensure that the included angle α between the first inclined surface 311 and the plane where the surface of the side of the first light modulation layer 320 away from the light guide layer 340 is located is 26 ° to 42 °, and the depth H of the micro-groove structure 310 is 4um to 15 um.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement distribution of micro-groove structures 310 in an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 13, the arrangement density of the micro groove structures 310 gradually increases in a direction away from the light incident side 341 along the first direction X, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the light provided to the reflective display panel 100 by the front light module, thereby improving the uniformity of the brightness of the image displayed by the display device.
In some embodiments, a side surface of the first dimming layer 320 remote from the light guide layer 340 is divided with a plurality of groove structure setting regions 31P arranged along the first direction X; the pitch between the groove structure setting regions 31P gradually decreases in a direction away from the light incident side surface 341 in the first direction X from the light incident side surface 341; the groove structure setting region 31P is divided into a plurality of rectangular periodic regions 31G arranged in the second direction Y; the length of the rectangular periodic region 31G in the first direction X is R, and the length of the rectangular periodic region 31G in the second direction Y is Q; m micro-groove structures 310 are disposed in the rectangular periodic area 31G, and the M micro-groove structures 310 are uniformly arranged in the corresponding rectangular periodic area 31G.
Further alternatively, the arrangement of the M micro groove structures 310 within the same rectangular periodic region 31G satisfies: the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures 310 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to R/M, and the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures 310 in the second direction Y is greater than or equal to Q/M. By this arrangement, the distance in the first direction X between the centers of the two micro groove structures 310 that are arbitrarily closest in the first direction X within the same rectangular periodic region 31G can be made equal to R/M, and the distance in the second direction Y between the centers of the two micro groove structures 310 that are arbitrarily closest in the second direction Y within the same rectangular periodic region 31G can be made equal to Q/M, at which time the entire groove structure arrangement region 31P has a preferable luminance uniformity.
In some embodiments, Q/M is less than or equal to 150um, i.e., the distance in the second direction Y of the centers of the closest two micro-groove structures 310 in the second direction Y is guaranteed not to be greater than 150um. Through the above arrangement, the picture is fine and smooth, and no granular sensation is generated (if the micro-groove structure 310 is too large in the second direction, the human eye can recognize the granular sensation generated by the micro-groove structure).
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of various arrangements of 4 micro-groove structures within a rectangular periodic area in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Taking the value of M as 4 as an example, as shown in fig. 14, the distance between the centers of two micro-groove structures 310 closest to each other in the first direction X in the same rectangular period area is equal to R/4, and the distance between the centers of two micro-groove structures 310 closest to each other in the second direction Y in the same rectangular period area is equal to Q/4, where the line connecting the center points of the 4 micro-groove structures 310 may be a straight line or a broken line; for example, the line connecting the center points of the 4 micro groove structures 310 shown in the case of (a) in fig. 14 is a straight line, and the line connecting the center points of the 4 micro groove structures 310 shown in the case of (b) (c) (d) in fig. 14 is a broken line.
FIG. 15A is a side view of an embodiment of the present disclosureA schematic cross-sectional view. Fig. 15B is another schematic cross-sectional view of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 15A and 15B, in some embodiments, side light source 400 includes: a light source 401 and a converging structure; the beam-converging structure is disposed between the light source 401 and the light-incident side 341, and is configured to converge the light emitted from the light source in the third direction Z, and to form an angle θ between the light emitted from the beam-converging structure and the first reference plane 1 Satisfy theta 1 Less than or equal to 52.4 degrees; the first reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z.
As can be seen from table 1, the light rays emitted by the light source are converged by the converging structure, so that the number of light rays forming the light path condition (b) can be effectively increased, and the number of light rays provided by the front light source module to the reflective display panel 100 is increased, which is beneficial to increasing the display brightness.
With continued reference to fig. 15A and 15B, in some embodiments, the converging structure includes: wedge-shaped light guiding structure 402; the wedge-shaped light guiding structure 402 comprises: the first light incident surface, the first light emergent surface, the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface; the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are oppositely arranged in a first direction X, the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are perpendicular to the first direction X, the length of the first light incident surface in a third direction Z is T1, the length of the first light emergent surface in the third direction Z is T2, T2 is more than T1, and the projection of the first light emergent surface on a plane where the first light incident surface is located covers the first light incident surface; the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface are oppositely arranged in a third direction Z, and the distance between the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface in the third direction Z is gradually increased in the direction that the first light incident surface points to the first light emergent surface along the first direction X; the light source is disposed opposite to the first light incident surface, and the light incident side 341 is disposed opposite to the first light emergent surface.
In some embodiments, the light source 401 comprises: a driving board 4011 and a light emitting element 4012 fixed on the driving board 4011, wherein a length T of the light emitting element 4012 in the third direction Z is smaller than a length T1 of the first light incident surface in the third direction Z; the orthographic projection of the light emitting element 4012 on the plane of the first light incident surface is located in the area defined by the first light incident surface.
In some embodiments, the light emitting element 4012 may be an LED chip.
In some embodiments, the length T of the light emitting element 4012 in the third direction Z satisfies: t is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
As a specific example, T takes a value of 0.2mm, T1 takes a value of 0.25mm, T2 takes a value of 0.4mm, and a distance LT between the first light incident surface and the first light exit surface in the first direction X takes a value of 1.2mm.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 15A, the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface are both planar; in other embodiments, referring to fig. 15B, the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface are curved surfaces.
In some embodiments, wedge-shaped light guiding structure 402 is the same material as light guiding layer 340 and is integrally formed therewith; the light incident side surface 341 and the first light emitting surface are the same surface.
Fig. 16A is yet another cross-sectional schematic of a side-light in an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 16B is a schematic view of a structure of the side light shown in fig. 16A. Fig. 17A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side-light source in an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 17B is a schematic view of a structure of the side light shown in fig. 17A. As shown in fig. 16A-17B, in some embodiments, the converging structure includes a condenser lens 403.
In some embodiments, alternatively, the material of the condensing lens 403 is a resin material, and the condensing lens 403 may be manufactured on the driving board 4011 through an injection molding process, and the condensing lens 403 covers the light emitting element 4012.
Referring to fig. 16A and 16B, as an alternative embodiment, the condenser lens 403 is a cylindrical lens (extending in the second direction Y); the shape of a cross section of a side surface of the condenser lens 403 remote from the light source in a direction perpendicular to the second direction Y is an arc line.
As a specific example, the cross-sectional shape of the condenser lens 403 shown in fig. 16A perpendicular to the second direction Y includes a fixing portion 4031, an intermediate portion 4032, and a dimming portion 4033, the fixing portion 4031 is located on opposite sides of the light emitting element in the third direction Z, the intermediate portion 4032 is located between the fixing portion 4031 and the dimming portion 4033, the intermediate portion 4032 is rectangular in shape, one side edge of the dimming portion 4033 near the intermediate portion 4032 is a line segment, and one side edge of the dimming portion 4033 away from the intermediate portion 4032 is an arc. The length of the intermediate portion 4032 in the third direction Z is H ', the length of the intermediate portion 4032 in the first direction X is L ', the midpoint of the line-shaped edge of the light adjusting portion 4033 on the side close to the intermediate portion 4032 is denoted as a point O, and the center of the circle corresponding to the circular arc-shaped edge of the light adjusting portion 4033 on the side away from the intermediate portion 4032 is denoted as a point O ', and the radius is denoted as R. As a specific scheme, the value of H ' is 0.4mm, the value of L ' is 0.1mm, the point O overlaps with the point O ', and the value of R is 0.2mm.
As another alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 17A and 17B, a side surface of the condenser lens 403 remote from the light source is a curved surface formed by arranging a plurality of curved surfaces along the third aspect, where the condenser lens 403 is a fresnel lens structure; the thickness of the condenser lens 403 shown in fig. 17A and 17B is smaller than that of the condenser lens 403 shown in fig. 16A and 16B.
As a specific example, the shape of a cross section of a side surface of the condenser lens 403 remote from the light source in a direction perpendicular to the second direction Y is a curve formed by alternately connecting circular arcs and line segments in order, and the curve is an axisymmetric pattern (the symmetry axis is parallel to the first direction X).
As a specific example, the cross-sectional shape of the condenser lens 403 shown in fig. 17A perpendicular to the second direction Y includes a fixing portion 4031, an intermediate portion 4032, and a dimming portion 4033, the fixing portion 4031 is located on opposite sides of the light emitting element in the third direction Z, the intermediate portion 4032 is located between the fixing portion 4031 and the dimming portion 4033, the shape of the intermediate portion 4032 is rectangular, the shape of an edge of the dimming portion 4033 near the intermediate portion 4032 is a line segment, the edge of the dimming portion 4033 far from the intermediate portion 4032 is a curve formed by alternately connecting arc lines and line segments in order, and all the arc lines in the curve can form a complete arc after being sequentially connected by translating in the first direction X. The length of the middle portion 4032 in the third direction Z is H ', the length of the middle portion 4032 in the first direction X is L ', the midpoint of the line-shaped edge of the side of the dimming portion 4033 near the middle portion 4032 is denoted as a point O, and the center of the circle corresponding to the arc-shaped edge of the dimming portion 4033 located at the middle and away from the middle portion 4032 is denoted as a point O ', and the radius is denoted as R. Advancing one The dimming part 4033 is located away from the middle part 4032, and the dimming part 4032 comprises 7 arcs and 6 line segments alternately arranged in the second direction Y, wherein the 7 arcs are sequentially arranged along the second direction Y, the 1 st arc is axisymmetric with the 7 th arc, the 2 nd arc is axisymmetric with the 6 th arc, the 3 rd arc is axisymmetric with the 5 th arc, and the 4 th arc is axisymmetric. The length of the ith arc in the third direction Z is marked as H i I is 1 to 7. As a specific scheme, H 'takes a value of 0.4mm, L' takes a value of 0.1mm, point O 'is positioned on one side of point O away from dimming portion 4033, the line connecting point O' and point O is parallel to first direction X, R takes a value of 0.2mm, H 1 ＝H 7 ＝11um，H 2 ＝H 6 ＝33um，H 3 ＝H 5 ＝66um，H 4 ＝340um。
Of course, the condensing lens 403 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also take other shapes, which are not exemplified here.
Fig. 18A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer in an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 18B is another schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer in an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 19A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer in an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 19B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guiding layer according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 18A to 19B, in some embodiments, a surface of the light guiding layer 340 on a side away from the first dimming layer 320 is provided with a plurality of light-condensing microstructures 341, and the light-condensing microstructures 341 are configured to condense light passing through the light-condensing microstructures 341 from the light guiding layer 340.
In some embodiments, the light-focusing microstructure 341 is a light-focusing groove formed on one side surface of the first light-adjusting layer 320, and the light-focusing groove extends along the second direction Y; the shape of the surface of the light-condensing groove in a cross section perpendicular to the second direction Y includes: v-shaped and arc-shaped. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the surface of the light-condensing groove shown in fig. 18A and 18B is V-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the surface of the light-condensing groove shown in fig. 19A and 19B is circular arc-shaped.
It should be noted that any adjacent light collecting grooves in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be in contact (for example, as shown in fig. 18A or fig. 19A), or may be disposed at any adjacent light collecting groove interval (for example, as shown in fig. 18B or fig. 19B), or may be disposed at a portion of adjacent light collecting grooves in contact and at the same time, at a portion of adjacent light collecting grooves in interval. The arrangement mode of the light condensing groove is not limited by the technical scheme of the present disclosure.
Through testing, when the light guide layer 340 in the front light source module is provided with the V-shaped light gathering microstructure 341 shown in fig. 18, the brightness of the display device when the display device presents the gray level L255 is about 112.5nit, and the brightness of the display device when the display device presents the gray level L0 is about 6.8nit, that is, the contrast of the display device is about 16.5; when the light guiding layer 340 in the front light source module is not provided with the light focusing microstructure 341 (a plane parallel to the first direction X on a side surface of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first light adjusting layer 320), the brightness of the display device when the display device displays the gray level L255 is about 89nit, and the brightness of the display device when the display device displays the gray level L0 is about 5.8nit; i.e. the contrast ratio of the display device is about 15.3. As a result of the above data, it was found that the display brightness and contrast of the display device can be improved by providing the light collecting microstructure 341 in the light guide layer 340.
In some embodiments, the length L of the light gathering groove in the first direction X 3 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 3 ≤80um。
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the size of the light condensing groove is relatively small, and the light condensing groove is difficult to prepare through a conventional photo-patterning process; therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the light guiding layer 340 is selected from nano-imprint materials, and at this time, the light focusing groove with a small size can be formed based on the nano-imprint process.
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a front-end light source module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 21 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a front light module according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 20 and 21, in some embodiments, at least one second dimming layer 350 stacked with the light guiding layer 340 in the first direction X is disposed on a side of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first dimming layer 320, a dimming microstructure 360 is disposed on the second dimming layer 350, and the dimming microstructure 360 is configured to: the light emitting angle of the light emitted from the side surface of the light guide layer 340 away from the first dimming layer 320 and passing through the dimming microstructure 360 is adjusted.
Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of light modulation by three different dimming microstructures in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 22, the light emitted from the side of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first light adjusting layer 320 propagates in a direction away from the plane of the light incident side 341. The dimming microstructures in the present disclosure may be divided into a first dimming microstructure 3601, a second dimming microstructure 3602, and a third dimming microstructure 3603 according to dimming functions.
Wherein the first dimming microstructure 3601 is configured to: so that the light emitted from the side surface of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first light adjusting layer 320 and passing through the first light adjusting microstructure 3601 still propagates along the direction away from the plane of the light incident side 341, but the included angle between the light and the third direction Z increases.
The second dimming microstructure 3602 is configured to: so that the light emitted from the side surface of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first light adjusting layer 320 and passing through the second light adjusting microstructure 3602 still propagates in a direction away from the plane of the light incident side 341, but the included angle between the light and the third direction Z is reduced.
The third dimming microstructure 3603 is configured to: so that the light rays exiting from the side surface of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first dimming layer 320 and passing through the third dimming microstructure 3603 propagate in a direction close to the plane in which the light incident side 341 lies.
In some embodiments, the dimming microstructure is triangular in shape in cross section perpendicular to the second direction Y. At this time, the whole dimming microstructure is triangular prism-shaped and the extending direction is parallel to the second direction Y. The triangular prism shape includes a third inclined surface 362 and a fourth inclined surface 361 intersecting the first direction X, and the third inclined surface 362 is closer to a plane where the light incident side surface 341 is located than the fourth inclined surface 361. As can be seen from the light path in fig. 22, the fourth inclined surface 361 serves as an adjustment of the light exit angle of the light rays.
The included angle e1 between the fourth inclined plane 361 of the first light modulation microstructure 3601 and the first direction X is smaller than the included angle e2 between the fourth inclined plane 361 of the second light modulation microstructure 3602 and the first direction X, and the included angle e2 between the fourth inclined plane 361 of the second light modulation microstructure 3602 and the first direction X is smaller than the included angle e3 between the fourth inclined plane 361 of the third light modulation microstructure 3603 and the first direction X. The angles between the third inclined surface 362 of the first light modulation microstructure 3601, the second light modulation microstructure 3602, and the third light modulation microstructure 3603 and the first direction X are not limited in this disclosure. As an alternative, an included angle f1 between the third inclined surface 362 of the first light modulation microstructure 3601 and the first direction X is greater than an included angle f2 between the third inclined surface 362 of the second light modulation microstructure 3602 and the first direction X, and an included angle f2 between the third inclined surface 362 of the second light modulation microstructure 3602 and the first direction X is greater than an included angle f3 between the fourth inclined surface 361 of the third light modulation microstructure 3603 and the first direction X.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the second dimming layers 350 may be 1, 2, 3 or more, and at least one of the first, second and third dimming microstructures 3601, 3602 and 3603 may be selectively disposed on each of the second dimming layers 350. The number of the second dimming layers 350 and the types of the dimming microstructures disposed on each second dimming layer 350 are not limited in the technical scheme of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second dimming layer 350 closest to the light guiding layer 340 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guiding layer 340.
In some embodiments, the number of second dimming layers 350 is greater than or equal to 2 layers; for any two adjacent second dimming layers 350, the refractive index of one second dimming layer 350 of the two adjacent second dimming layers 350, which is closer to the light guiding layer 340, is smaller than or equal to the refractive index of the other second dimming layer 350 of the two adjacent second dimming layers 350.
In some embodiments, a first adhesive layer (not shown) is disposed between the second dimming layer 350 closest to the light guide layer 340 and the light guide layer 340, the first adhesive layer having a refractive index greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide layer 340 and less than or equal to the refractive index of the second dimming layer 350 in contact therewith; a second adhesive layer (not shown) is disposed between any two adjacent second dimming layers 350, and the refractive index of any one second adhesive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second dimming layer 350 contacting the surface of the second adhesive layer near the light guiding layer 340 and less than or equal to the refractive index of the second dimming layer 350 contacting the surface of the second adhesive layer far from the light guiding layer 340. By the above configuration, the light emitted from the light guiding layer 340 and directed to the reflective display panel 100 can be prevented from being totally reflected during the propagation process, so as to ensure the quantity of the light reaching the reflective display panel 100.
As an example, the thickness of the light guiding layer 340 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is 0.2mm to 0.4mm, the thickness of the first light adjusting layer 320 is 0.085mm to 0.145mm, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 330 is 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the thickness of the second light adjusting layer 350 is 0 to 0.2mm.
In an actual production process, the light guide layer 340 and the first dimming layer 320 may be prepared separately; wherein the micro-groove structure 310 on the first dimming layer 320 may be prepared by a nano-imprint process (generally including process steps of molding, imprinting, demolding, etc.); if the light-condensing microstructure is designed on the light-guiding layer 340, the light-condensing microstructure can be prepared on the light-guiding layer 340 by a nanoimprint process; and then the light guide layer 340 and the first light modulation layer 320 are bonded and fixed through the first bonding adhesive layer 330.
Then, the second dimming layer 350 is selectively prepared as needed, and the second dimming layer 350 is fixed with the light guide layer 340.
Based on the same conception, the embodiment of the disclosure also provides a display device. Referring to fig. 1, the display device includes: the reflective display panel 100 and the front light module 300, the front light module 300 is located on the light exit surface of the reflective display panel 100, and the front light module 300 samples the front light module 300 provided in the previous embodiment, and for the specific description of the front light module 300, reference may be made to the content in the previous embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
In some embodiments, the reflective display panel 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions arranged in an array along a first direction X and a second direction Y, and the length of the sub-pixel regions in the first direction X is L 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The length of the micro groove structure 310 in the first direction X is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 And the length of the micro groove structure 310 in the second direction Y is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 . By the above arrangement, the micro groove structure 310 has a smaller size, and the micro groove structure 310 is not visible when the human eyes are looking at the display device, so as to promote the display of the display deviceEffects.
In some embodiments, a side surface of the light guiding layer 340 remote from the first dimming layer 320 is provided with a plurality of light focusing microstructures (see, for details, the foregoing embodiments), and the light focusing microstructures are configured to focus light passing through the light focusing microstructures from the light guiding layer 340; the length of the light-gathering microstructure in the first direction X is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 . Through the arrangement, the light-gathering microstructure has a smaller size, and the light-gathering microstructure is invisible when a human eye looks at the display device, so that the display effect of the display device is improved.
In some embodiments, at least one second dimming layer 350 stacked with the light guiding layer 340 in the first direction X is disposed on a side of the light guiding layer 340 away from the first dimming layer 320, and a dimming microstructure (see, for details, the foregoing embodiments) is disposed on the second dimming layer 350, where the dimming microstructure is configured to: adjusting an outgoing angle of light rays outgoing from a side surface of the light guide layer 340 away from the first dimming layer 320 and passing through the dimming microstructure; the length of the dimming microstructure in the first direction X is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 . Through the arrangement, the dimming microstructure has a smaller size, and the dimming microstructure is invisible when a human eye looks at the display device, so that the display effect of the display device is improved.
As an example, when the size of the reflective display panel 100 is 1.5 inches, the length L of the sub-pixel region in the first direction X 0 Typically 36um; when the reflective display panel 100 has a size of 8 inches, the length L of the sub-pixel region in the first direction X 0 Typically 60um; when the reflective display panel 100 has a size of 30 inches, the length L of the sub-pixel region in the first direction X 0 Typically 80um.
Fig. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a display device in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 23, in the embodiment of the disclosure, thanks to the dual-layer design of the light guiding layer 340 and the first dimming layer 320 in the present disclosure, the thickness of the light guiding layer 340 (0.2 mm to 0.4 mm) may be smaller than that of a single-layer light guiding plate (generally greater than 0.4mm and about 0.8 mm) in the prior art, and due to the reduction of the thickness of the light guiding layer 340, the size of the light emitting element configured by the light guiding layer 340 (generally, the length of the light emitting element in the third direction Z is required to be slightly smaller than that of the light incident side 341 of the light guiding layer 340) may be correspondingly reduced, so the space between two adjacent light emitting elements located on the driving back plate may be reduced, and the light mixing distance (the distance between the light emitting element and the effective display area AA of the display device) of the light emitting element configured at this time may be correspondingly reduced.
In the related art, the length and width of the light emitting element configured by the thicker light guide plate are about 1.7mm, and the minimum light mixing distance required to be configured is about 3.6mm; in the present application, the light emitting element configured by the light guiding layer 340 with a smaller thickness may have a length and a width smaller than 0.56mm, and the minimum light mixing distance required to be configured is about 1.5mm.
Fig. 24 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a display device in an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 24, the display device may include not only the reflective display panel 100 and the front light module 300, but also a touch substrate 500, where the touch substrate 500 is located at a side of the front light module 300 away from the reflective display panel 100, and the touch substrate 500 is fixed to the front light module 300 by a foam tape 700, so that the display device has a touch function.
In addition, in some embodiments, the side light source 400 and the light guiding layer 340 may be fixed by using the reflective tape 600, so that on one hand, the side light source 400 and the light guiding layer 340 may be fixed, and on the other hand, it may be ensured that light may not be emitted from the upper and lower surfaces of the light guiding layer 340 during the light mixing process, so as to improve the light utilization rate.
In some embodiments, the front light module 300 is attached to the reflective display panel 100 through the second attaching adhesive layer 200; the refractive index of the portion of the front light module 300 contacting the second adhesive layer 200 is greater than the refractive index of the second adhesive layer 200. For example, when the second dimming layer 350 is not present in the front light source module 300, the light guiding layer 340 is fixed to the reflective display panel 100 through the second adhesive layer 200; when the second dimming layer 350 is present in the front light source module 300, the second dimming layer 350 is fixed to the reflective display panel 100 through the second adhesive layer 200.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present utility model, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the utility model, and are also considered to be within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (32)

1. A front light module, comprising:
a side light source;
the light guide layer is provided with a light incident side surface, and the light incident side surface and the side light source are oppositely arranged in a first direction;
the first layer of adjusting luminance with the light guide layer stacks the setting in the third direction, keep away from on the first layer of adjusting luminance one side part of light guide layer is provided with a plurality of micro groove structures, micro groove structure includes: the first inclined surface is configured to face the light incident side surface and is closer to the light incident side surface than the second inclined surface, an included angle alpha formed by the first inclined surface and a plane where one side surface of the first dimming layer far away from the light guide layer is located is 26-42 degrees, and the depth H of the micro-groove structure is 4-15 um;
The refractive index of the first dimming layer is larger than or equal to that of the light guide layer.
2. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the micro-groove structure has a length L in the first direction of an opening on a side surface of the first dimming layer away from the light guiding layer 1 ；
L 1 Ratio to H L 1 the/H satisfies: l (L) 1 /H≤4。
3. The front-end light module of claim 2, wherein L1 satisfies L 1 ≤80um。
4. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the first inclined surface is rectangular, and a set of opposite sides of the rectangular first inclined surface extend along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the third direction;
the extending direction of the other group of opposite sides of the rectangular first inclined surface is perpendicular to the third direction and is intersected with the first direction and the second direction.
5. A front light module as recited in claim 3, wherein the first inclined surface has a rectangular shape and has a length L of a side extending in the second direction 2 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 2 ≤80um。
6. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the shape of the micro-groove structure in a cross section parallel to the first direction and parallel to the third direction comprises: triangle or quadrangle.
7. The front light module of claim 6, wherein the second inclined surface is a plane or a curved surface.
8. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the arrangement density of the micro-groove structures increases gradually in a direction away from the light entrance side along the first direction.
9. The front light module of claim 8, wherein a side surface of the first dimming layer away from the light guide layer is divided with a plurality of groove structure setting areas arranged along the first direction;
the space between the groove structure arrangement regions gradually decreases in a direction away from the light incident side surface in the first direction;
the groove structure setting area is divided into a plurality of rectangular periodic areas which are distributed along the second direction; the length of the rectangular periodic area in the first direction is R, and the length of the rectangular periodic area in the second direction is Q;
m micro-groove structures are arranged in the rectangular periodic area, and the M micro-groove structures are uniformly distributed in the corresponding rectangular periodic area.
10. The front-end light module of claim 9, wherein the arrangement of the M micro-groove structures in the same rectangular periodic region satisfies: the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures in the first direction is greater than or equal to R/M, and the distance between the centers of any two micro-groove structures in the second direction is greater than or equal to Q/M.
11. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the side light source comprises:
a light source;
the beam-converging structure is positioned between the light source and the light-incident side surface, is configured to converge the light rays emitted by the light source, and makes the light rays emitted by the beam-converging structure form an included angle theta with a first reference plane 1 Satisfy theta 1 ≤52.4°；
The first reference plane is a plane perpendicular to the third direction.
12. The front light module of claim 11, wherein the converging structure comprises: a wedge-shaped light guide structure;
the wedge-shaped light guide structure includes: the first light incident surface, the first light emergent surface, the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface;
the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the first light incident surface and the first light emergent surface are perpendicular to the first direction, the length of the first light incident surface in the third direction is T1, the length of the first light emergent surface in the third direction is T2, T2 is more than T1, and the projection of the first light emergent surface on the plane where the first light incident surface is located covers the first light incident surface;
the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface are oppositely arranged in the third direction, and the distance between the first dimming surface and the second dimming surface in the third direction is gradually increased in the direction from the first light incident surface to the first light emergent surface along the first direction;
The light source is arranged opposite to the first light incident surface, and the light incident side surface is arranged opposite to the first light emergent surface.
13. The front light module of claim 12, wherein the light source comprises: the light-emitting device comprises a driving plate and a light-emitting element fixed on the driving plate, wherein the length T of the light-emitting element in the third direction is smaller than the length T1 of the first light incident surface in the third direction;
the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element on the plane where the first light incident surface is located in the area limited by the first light incident surface.
14. The front light module of claim 13, wherein a length T of the light emitting element in the third direction satisfies: t is less than or equal to 0.3mm.
15. The front light module of claim 12, wherein the wedge-shaped light guide structure is made of the same material as the light guide layer and is integrally formed with the light guide layer;
the light incident side surface and the first light emergent surface are the same surface.
16. The front-end light module of claim 11, wherein the converging structure comprises a condenser lens.
17. The front light module according to claim 16, wherein a cross section of a side surface of the condenser lens away from the light source in a direction perpendicular to the second direction is in a shape of an arc line;
Or the cross section of the surface of one side of the condensing lens far away from the light source in the direction perpendicular to the second direction is a curve formed by alternately connecting circular arcs and line segments in sequence.
18. The front light module of claim 17, wherein the light source comprises: the light-emitting device comprises a driving plate and a light-emitting element fixed on the driving plate, wherein the condensing lens is arranged on the driving plate and covers the light-emitting element.
19. The front light module of claim 1, wherein a side surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer is provided with a plurality of light-condensing microstructures configured to condense light passing through the light-condensing microstructures from the light guide layer.
20. The front light module of claim 19, wherein the light-focusing microstructure is a light-focusing groove formed on one side surface of the first light-adjusting layer, and the light-focusing groove extends along the second direction;
the shape of the cross section of the surface of the light gathering groove perpendicular to the second direction comprises: v-shaped and arc-shaped.
21. The front light module of claim 20, wherein the length L of the light collecting groove in the first direction 3 The method meets the following conditions: l (L) 3 ≤80um。
22. The front light module of claim 1, wherein the light guide layer is provided with at least one layer of second dimming layer that stacks with the light guide layer in the first direction on a side far away from the first dimming layer, the second dimming layer is provided with a dimming microstructure thereon, and the dimming microstructure is configured to: and adjusting the light emergent angle of the light rays which are emergent from the surface of one side of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and pass through the dimming microstructure.
23. The front-end light module of claim 22, wherein light exiting from a side of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer propagates in a direction away from a plane in which the light entrance side is located;
the dimming microstructure provided on at least one of the second dimming layers includes: a first dimming microstructure configured to: the light rays emitted from the surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the first dimming microstructure still propagate along the direction away from the plane where the light incident side surface is located, but the included angle between the light rays and the third direction is increased;
and/or, the dimming microstructure disposed on at least one layer of the second dimming layer comprises: a second dimming microstructure configured to: the light rays emitted from the surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the second dimming microstructure still propagate along the direction away from the plane where the light incident side surface is located, but the included angle between the light rays and the third direction is reduced;
And/or, the dimming microstructure disposed on at least one layer of the second dimming layer comprises: a third dimming microstructure configured to: the light emitted from the side surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer and passing through the third dimming microstructure propagates along the direction close to the plane where the light incident side surface is located.
24. The front-end light module of claim 22, wherein the refractive index of the second dimming layer closest to the light guiding layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guiding layer.
25. The front-end light module of claim 24, wherein the number of second dimming layers is greater than or equal to 2;
for any two adjacent second dimming layers, the refractive index of one second dimming layer closer to the light guide layer in the two adjacent second dimming layers is smaller than or equal to the refractive index of the other second dimming layer in the two adjacent second dimming layers.
26. The front-end light source module of claim 1, wherein the first light modulation layer is attached to the light guide layer through a first attaching adhesive layer, the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the light guide layer, and the refractive index of the first attaching adhesive layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the first light modulation layer.
27. The front light module of any one of claims 1-26, wherein the material of the first dimming layer comprises a nanoimprint material.
28. A display device, comprising: a reflective display panel and a front light module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the front light module is located on the light exit surface of the reflective display panel.
29. The display device of claim 28, wherein the reflective display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel regions arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, each sub-pixel region having a length L in the first direction 0 ；
The length of the micro-groove structure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 And the length of the micro-groove structure in the second direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
30. The display device according to claim 29, wherein a side surface of the light guide layer away from the first dimming layer is provided with a plurality of light condensing microstructures configured to condense light passing through the light condensing microstructures from the light guide layer;
the length of the light-gathering microstructure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
31. The display device according to claim 29, wherein at least one layer of a second dimming layer which is stacked with the light guiding layer in the first direction is provided on a side of the light guiding layer away from the first dimming layer, and a dimming microstructure is provided on the second dimming layer, and the dimming microstructure is configured to: adjusting the light emergent angle of the light rays which are emergent from the surface of one side of the light guide layer, far away from the first dimming layer and pass through the dimming microstructure;
the length of the light adjusting microstructure in the first direction is less than or equal to 2/3*L 0 。
32. The display device of any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the front light module is attached to the reflective display panel by a second adhesive layer;
the refractive index of the part, which is contacted with the second bonding adhesive layer, of the front light source module is larger than that of the second bonding adhesive layer.
CN202222560045.7U 2022-09-27 2022-09-27 Front light source module and display device Active CN219799824U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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