CN219789950U - Heat pipe line for range-extending electric forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat pipe line for a range-extending electric forklift, which comprises a battery pack heat pipe line I, a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipe line II and a range-extending device heat pipe line III; the battery pack heat pipe line I comprises a battery pack heating pipe line a and a battery pack cooling pipe line b; the range extender heat pipe line III comprises a range extender heating pipe line c and a range extender cooling pipe line d; in the range extender cooling pipeline d, the range extender cooling pipeline d is directly connected with the range extender to form a loop; the battery pack cooling pipeline b is directly connected with the battery pack to form a loop; in the battery pack heating pipeline a, the battery pack heating pipeline a is connected with a small section of pipeline in the battery pack cooling pipeline b in parallel, and is also connected with a small section of pipeline in the range extender cooling pipeline d in parallel. The beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are as follows: can normally start under severe cold condition, can not receive the influence in severe cold weather working mileage, the pipeline of whole pipeline is simple.

Description

Heat pipe line for range-extending electric forklift

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric forklifts, in particular to a heat pipe line for an extended range electric forklifts.

Background

In the field of electric forklifts, a common pure electric forklifts are simpler in thermal management system, and only components such as a battery, a driving motor and the like are needed to be considered. The range-extending electric forklift is additionally provided with a range extender (formed by an engine and a generator) on the basis of a common pure electric forklift, and works under the condition of insufficient battery power to play a role in supplying power; when supplying power, the engine in the range extender drives the corresponding generator to generate power through combustion energy (such as gasoline), and then the generator supplies power, so that the purpose of prolonging the endurance mileage is realized.

However, a thermal management system (thermal system) of a general electric fork-lift truck is still used in a general electric fork-lift truck, and the thermal system does not meet the performance requirement of the electric fork-lift truck. (Here, the purely electric forklift refers to a forklift with only a battery pack)

Through customer feedback, when the thermal management system of the general pure electric forklift is used in the extended range electric forklift, the conditions are as follows: in severe cold weather, the temperature of the cooling liquid stored in the thermal management system is low, so that the problems of difficult ignition of an engine, insufficient discharge capacity of a battery, great reduction of the range of a vehicle and the like are easily caused, and even the condition that the vehicle cannot be used normally can occur in extreme cases (various reasons exist for the condition, but most probably, the heat provided by the thermal management system of a general pure electric forklift is insufficient for realizing the starting and normal use of the range-extended electric forklift under the severe cold condition).

Based on the above, the company specially designs a new heat system for the extended range electric forklift. Of course, the scheme is not only suitable for the range-extended electric fork-lift truck, but also suitable for other types of electric vehicles.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a heat pipe for an extended range electric forklift, solves the high requirements of the extended range electric forklift on a heat system, and can meet the normal use of the extended range electric forklift in extremely cold weather.

It should be noted that, the main working characteristics (concept) of the electric automobile are that most cases (large probability) work in a pure electric mode and few cases (small probability) work in a range-extending mode; the electricity generated by the range extender is directly supplied to the motor for driving, and the redundant electricity can charge the battery pack. (in popular terms, the same principle as that of the extended-range electric forklift and the extended-range electric automobile on the market is the prior art, and is not repeated here

However, because the extended range electric fork-lift truck is in normal operation, the electric energy of the battery pack is mainly utilized; therefore, in the conventional design, the temperature maintenance of the battery pack (and the temperature condition of the PCU) is mainly considered in the corresponding thermal system; this design has the problems of difficult engine cold start in severe cold weather and insufficient discharge of the battery pack when operating in severe cold conditions. Therefore, the scheme mainly realizes that the battery pack can be normally started under severe cold conditions and can be normally discharged under severe cold conditions.

(first aspect)

The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme: a heat pipe line for an extended range electric forklift comprises a battery pack heat pipe line I, a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipe line II and an extended range device heat pipe line III;

the battery pack heat pipe line I comprises a battery pack heating pipe line a and a battery pack cooling pipe line b;

the range extender heat pipe line III comprises a range extender heating pipe line c and a range extender cooling pipe line d;

in the range extender cooling pipeline d, the range extender cooling pipeline d is directly connected with a range extender engine to form a loop;

the battery pack cooling pipeline b is directly connected with the battery pack to form a loop;

the battery pack heating pipeline a is connected with a small section of pipeline in the battery pack cooling pipeline b in parallel and is also connected with a small section of pipeline in the range extender cooling pipeline d in parallel; and by controlling the corresponding valve, heat generated by the range extender engine flows into the battery pack cooling pipeline b through the battery pack heating pipeline a, so that the battery pack is heated.

Above-mentioned scheme, mainly in order to increase the temperature of journey ware engine, the cooling of journey ware generator, PCU, driving motor, the heating of battery package, cooling. The innovation point is that: (1) through designing a range extender heating pipeline c, the range extender engine can be started by a cold engine under severe cold conditions; (2) the cooling pipeline d of the range extender is designed, and the heat pipeline III of the range extender is connected with the heat pipeline I of the battery pack to transfer the waste heat generated by the range extender engine to the battery pack, so that the battery pack is heated, and the battery pack can work under severe cold conditions; (3) the range extender generator is connected with the PCU and the driving motor in series by designing a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipeline II, so that the range extender generator is cooled.

In an advantageous development, in the range extender heating line c, the heating is performed by a heater; when the heater burns, the medium in the heating pipeline c of the heat energy range extender is heated, and when the heated medium flows to the range extender engine, the range extender engine is preheated. In addition, the tail gas pipe of the heater is also led to the oil pan of the range extender engine, and the high-temperature tail gas after the combustion of the heater can heat the oil pan so as to heat engine oil.

Further, in the heater, the burned gas may also be led to the oil pan of the range extender engine via a pipe.

In an advantageous embodiment, the battery pack cooling line b has a first condenser, the PCU-drive motor-generator heating line ii has a second condenser, and the range extender cooling line d has a third condenser. The first condenser, the second condenser and the third condenser are all arranged in the radiator assembly; the radiator assembly cools the three condensers through the electronic fan. The condenser is arranged in a concentrated mode, so that the layout space can be effectively reduced.

In an advantageous development, the battery pack cooling line b, the range extender cooling line d, and the PCU-drive motor-generator heating line ii are supplemented with cooling fluid by means of an expansion kettle. Specifically, the top of the expansion kettle is provided with a cooling liquid injection port, and the bottom of the expansion kettle is connected with a corresponding battery pack cooling pipeline b, a range extender cooling pipeline d and a PCU-driving motor-generator heating pipeline II through cooling liquid outlets.

Further, a vent and an exhaust port are arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the expansion kettle; the air vent is communicated with the top of the condenser pipe of the corresponding condenser of the radiator assembly; the exhaust port is directly connected with the outside atmosphere; the air vent and the air vent are both positioned at the side wall of the middle upper part of the expansion kettle. When each heat pipeline works, the medium, air and steam are arranged in the pipeline, the pressure in the pipeline can be increased due to the air and steam, and the air and steam vents enter the expansion kettle and are finally discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust ports.

(second aspect)

In an advantageous embodiment, the additional Cheng Qire line iii is specifically designed:

for range extender warming line c: the electronic water pump III is connected to the range extender engine through a pipeline, and is connected with a heater through a pipeline, and the heater is connected to the range extender engine through a pipeline;

for range extender cooling line d: the condenser III is connected to the range extender engine through a pipe, and is sequentially connected with the four-way valve and the tee joint I, and the tee joint I is connected to the range extender engine in a return way;

and the range extender heating pipeline c is connected with a hot car circulation of the range extender engine, and the range extender cooling pipeline d is connected with a cold car circulation of the range extender engine.

In the scheme, the cooling liquid is provided for the heat pipe line III of the range extender through a separate condenser III. When the range extender engine heats, the heater heats the cooling liquid by combusting diesel oil (or gasoline), and the heated cooling liquid is pumped into the range extender engine to realize the heating function.

(third aspect)

In an advantageous embodiment, the battery pack thermal line i is specifically designed:

for battery pack cooling line b: the condenser I is connected to the battery pack through a pipeline, the condenser I is sequentially connected with the tee joint IV and the electronic water pump I, the electronic water pump I is connected to the V1 channel of the electromagnetic valve II, the electromagnetic valve II is connected with the tee joint III 44 through the V3 channel of the electromagnetic valve II, and the tee joint III is connected to the battery pack;

for battery pack warming line a: the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the third tee through a V2 passage of the second electromagnetic valve, the second tee is connected with a V3 passage of the first electromagnetic valve 47, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the third tee through a V2 passage of the second electromagnetic valve;

and, when the range extender cooling line d is connected to the battery pack warming line a: the four-way is connected to the V1 channel of the first electromagnetic valve, and the first tee joint is connected with the second tee joint.

The battery pack cooling line b mainly cools the battery pack by the flow of the internal cooling liquid, and radiates heat from one condenser alone. Meanwhile, a tee joint is arranged on the battery pack cooling pipeline b and is connected with the Cheng Qire increasing pipeline III through the tee joint, so that the purpose of heating is realized.

When the temperature of the battery pack needs to be raised under severe cold conditions: and the waste heat generated during the operation of the range extender engine is utilized, and the waste heat can collect the heated medium in the range extender cooling pipeline d into the battery pack cooling pipeline b through the battery pack heating pipeline a, so that the battery pack is heated.

(fourth aspect)

In an advantageous embodiment, the PCU-drive motor-generator heat line ii is specifically designed:

the outlet of the condenser II is sequentially connected with a tee joint five, an electronic water pump II, a PCU, a driving motor and a generator through pipelines, and the generator is connected to the inlet of the condenser II through pipelines.

Preferably, the expansion kettle is connected with the four-way joint through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle is connected with the range extender cooling pipeline d; the expansion kettle is connected with a tee joint five through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle is connected with a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipeline II; the expansion kettle is connected with a V1 channel of the electromagnetic valve I through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle is connected with the battery pack cooling pipeline b.

The voltage of the corresponding electromagnetic valve, the water pump and other parts in the control heat pipeline is 12V, and the number of wiring harnesses is reduced through communication connection of a controller area network (CAN for short) so as to have high reliability.

For easy understanding, the core innovation points of the scheme are now described:

1. under severe cold conditions, the vehicle can be started normally.

The common range-extending electric forklift in the market is improved by additionally arranging a range extender (comprising an engine and a motor) on the basis of a pure electric forklift; however, the improved extended-range electric forklift still adopts a thermal system (or a thermal management system) of the pure electric forklift, and the thermal system generally only takes cooling of a battery pack and cooling of a PCU into consideration, but does not take temperature control of the process increaser (temperature control of an engine and a generator) into consideration. And in addition, a general range-extending electric forklift cannot be started under severe cold weather conditions, and the vehicle endurance mileage is greatly reduced when working under severe cold weather conditions.

In this scheme, a new set of hot lines is designed: (1) the range extender generator is connected in series on a cooling loop of the PCU and the driving motor, so that the range extender generator is cooled; (2) the temperature control (heating/cooling) of the range extender engine is realized by additionally designing a heating pipeline c of the range extender and a cooling pipeline d of the range extender; (3) for the temperature rising/cooling of the battery pack, the battery pack is designed on a battery pack cooling pipeline b, a battery pack temperature rising pipeline a is connected in parallel on a small section of pipeline of the battery pack cooling pipeline b, and meanwhile, the battery pack temperature rising pipeline a is also connected in parallel with a small section of pipeline of a range extender cooling pipeline d.

This scheme carries out when cold car starts under severe cold condition:

step one, starting a range extender engine difficultly due to low temperature; starting a heater (the heater is connected to an oil tank through an oil delivery pipe, the oil delivery pipe is provided with a corresponding oil delivery pump, and the oil delivery pump is powered by an additional lead storage battery (a non-battery pack can work at-40 ℃ C.) to ignite the heater); heating the medium in the battery pack heating pipeline c when the heater burns so as to heat the range extender engine;

after the heater works for a period of time, if the range extender engine reaches a set temperature condition, the heater is automatically turned off, and the electronic water pump III and the corresponding pump on the oil delivery pipe do not work any more, namely, the range extender heating pipeline c is turned off; and starting the range extender engine, wherein the range extender engine works for a period of time, and if the temperature condition of the thermostat is reached (for example, 80 ℃), the range extender cooling pipeline d starts to work. ( The range extender engine is internally provided with a thermostat, the thermostat is provided with a micro-automatic temperature adjusting device and a temperature sensing assembly, and the structure and the control of the thermostat are all in the prior art; the heater is a mature product, and is automatically opened/closed according to the temperature; the scheme connects the switch of the heater, the switch of the electronic water pump III and the switch of the corresponding pump on the oil delivery pipe with the control panel of the automobile PCU, thus realizing the control described in the section )

2. Under the low temperature condition, the battery pack can utilize the waste heat of the range extender engine;

in severe cold weather, the range extender engine generates heat, and the range extender cooling pipeline d and the battery pack cooling pipeline b are communicated and transferred through the battery pack heating pipeline a; mixing a medium with temperature generated by the range extender engine with a low-temperature medium in the battery pack cooling pipeline b, so that heat is provided for the battery pack; (i.e., using the working waste heat of the range extender engine to heat the battery pack)

( It should be noted that, the battery pack is heated under severe cold conditions; however, in a normal working environment, only the battery pack cooling pipeline b circulates, and the battery pack is cooled by the condenser )

The reaction is in the practical application scenario: under severe cold conditions, the extra lead storage battery is used for initially supplying power (without a battery pack), so that a heater is started, corresponding cooling liquid is heated after the heater is started, and the temperature of the cooling liquid increases the temperature of an engine cylinder body; the range extender drives the forklift to operate, and the range extender engine also transmits heat to the battery pack to heat the battery pack (namely, the range extender engine is cooled and the battery pack is warmed); when the battery pack reaches a proper temperature, the battery pack can directly drive the forklift to work, and the battery pack can be normally discharged at the moment (the endurance mileage and the service life are not affected due to the proper temperature);

(it should be noted that, the BMS management system of the battery pack controls the charge and discharge actions of the battery pack, the PCU sends out instructions to switch working modes, if the BMS detects that the conditions are not proper, such as the temperature is too low, execution is refused, and an alarm is given, so that safe operation is realized, and the corresponding control is the prior art)

In popular terms, the battery pack is heated by using the waste heat of the range extender engine, and after the battery pack is heated to a preset temperature condition, the battery pack can perform normal charge and discharge functions, and the charge and discharge of the battery pack which does not reach the temperature condition can be locked by the BMS and cannot work, so that the battery pack is protected; when the battery does not work, the vehicle can be independently driven to run by the power generated by the range extender, and after the battery works, the vehicle can be switched to be driven by the battery to run so as to meet the requirement that the vehicle is not stopped in different environments;

because the battery pack is heated by using the waste heat of the range extender engine, an additional heating device is not needed to heat the battery pack in severe cold weather, the service life of the battery pack can be ensured, and the problem that the vehicle endurance mileage is greatly reduced under severe cold conditions is solved (the vehicle is started and works under severe cold weather conditions, the corresponding condenser basically does not cool, the condenser is of a pure mechanical structure and does not have any adjusting function, the heat radiating area is only increased, and the purpose is realized by adjusting the start and stop of the electronic fan and the rotating speed of the electronic fan).

The utility model has the following advantages:

(1) When the vehicle is started, even if the vehicle is in severe cold, the heater can normally ignite to heat the cooling liquid, the heated cooling liquid flows to the range extender engine through the range extender heating pipeline c, the range extender engine is heated through the heater, the cooling liquid flows to the range extender engine to heat the range extender engine, and therefore the range extender engine can be normally started and works when the temperature of the range extender engine is increased;

(2) When the battery pack works normally in severe cold weather, the heater is stopped, and the waste heat generated by the range extender engine is utilized to provide heat for the battery pack through the range extender cooling pipeline d, the battery pack heating pipeline a and the battery pack cooling pipeline b, so that the battery pack can be discharged normally when working at a proper temperature (the service life and the travel cannot be influenced);

(3) The heat pipe I of the battery pack, the heat pipe II of the PCU-driving motor-generator and the condenser of the heat pipe III of the increase Cheng Qire are all arranged in the same radiator assembly, so that the installation structure is simplified;

the mode that the battery pack heating pipeline a is connected with the battery pack cooling pipeline b in parallel simplifies the pipeline of the battery pack heating pipeline.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal system of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an expansion kettle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heater;

in the figure: i-battery pack heat pipe line, II-PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipe line, III-increase Cheng Qire pipe line;

10-radiator assembly, 11-condenser one, 12-condenser two, 13-condenser three, 14-electronic fan;

21-range extender engine, 22-tee joint I, 23-four joint, 24-heater, 25-electronic water pump III, 211-a Cheng Qiyou bottom shell, 241-an exhaust pipe, 242-a cooling liquid inlet, 243-a cooling liquid outlet and 244-an air inlet;

31-tee joint five, 32-electronic water pump two, 33-PCU, 34-driving motor and 35-generator;

41-tee bend IV, 42-electronic water pump I, 43-solenoid valve II, 44-tee bend III, 45-battery package, 46-tee bend II, 47-solenoid valve I, 51-expansion kettle, 511-coolant filler, 512-coolant outlet, 513-gas vent, 514-air vent.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following.

It should be noted that, in this scheme, be in different ambient temperature, start under different operating modes such as low temperature, normal atmospheric temperature or high temperature, through the control logic who presets in the system, can adjust the operating temperature who carries out different circulations, adjustment system internal cooling liquid as required in real time, satisfy the temperature requirement of different spare parts.

However, control logic preset in the system, for example, control logic for realizing the temperature rise/reduction of the battery pack, and control logic for realizing the temperature reduction of the PCU all belong to the prior art; it is easily conceivable for those skilled in the art to use the control logic for controlling the temperature increase/decrease of the battery pack for the control logic for increasing/decreasing the temperature of the range extender of the present embodiment, and to use the control logic for decreasing the temperature of the PCU for the control logic for decreasing the temperature of the drive motor 34 and the engine 35. Therefore, the control logic of the lift/lower temperature of the range extender, the control logic of the lower temperature of the driving motor 34, and the control logic of the lower temperature of the engine 35 are the prior art that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art.

What is claimed in this solution is a connection relationship between the hardware for each of the heating/cooling lines.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a heat pipe line for an extended range electric forklift comprises a battery pack heat pipe line i, a PCU-drive motor-generator heat pipe line ii, and an extended range device heat pipe line iii; the battery pack heating pipeline I comprises a battery pack heating pipeline a and a battery pack cooling pipeline b; wherein the Cheng Qire pipeline III comprises a range extender heating pipeline c and a range extender cooling pipeline d;

in the range extender heating pipeline c, the range extender engine 21, the electronic water pump III 25 and the heater 24 are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the heater 24 is connected to the range extender engine 21 again;

in the range extender cooling pipeline d, the range extender cooling pipeline d is directly connected with the range extender engine 21 to form a loop;

in the battery pack heating pipeline a, the battery pack heating pipeline a is connected with a small section of pipeline in the battery pack cooling pipeline b in parallel, and is also connected with a small section of pipeline in the range extender cooling pipeline d in parallel; by controlling the corresponding valve, the heat generated by the range extender motor 21 flows into the battery pack cooling line b through the battery pack heating line a, thereby realizing the heating of the battery pack 45.

When the automobile is started under severe cold conditions: the heater is powered by an additional lead storage battery, the heater is started, oil in a forklift oil tank (pumped by a corresponding pump which is also powered by the lead storage battery) is conveyed to the heater 24, the heater 24 works and then heats corresponding cold liquid, the cylinder of the range extender engine 21 is heated after the temperature of the cooling liquid rises, then the range extender engine 21 is started normally (and drives a forklift to act), and then the heater 24 is stopped; when the range extender engine 21 works, the generated waste heat is provided to the battery pack 45, and when the temperature reaches a proper temperature, the range extender engine 21 stops working, and the battery pack 45 drives the forklift to act. ( (1) When the temperature environment of the battery pack 45 does not reach the standard after the battery pack 45 works for a period of time in severe cold weather, the battery pack 45 is locked and cannot work normally, and the range extender engine 21 is restarted and drives the forklift to work; namely, the range extender and the battery pack 45 can be switched back and forth to work according to the temperature condition, so that the battery pack 45 is prevented from working under severe cold conditions for a long time, and the service life of the battery pack is prevented from being influenced. (2) If the temperature is normal, then either the range extender or the battery pack 45 can be activated )

As shown in fig. 3, the heater 24 has a heater coolant inlet 242, a heater coolant outlet 243, an air inlet 242, and a corresponding air outlet (the heater 24 itself is conventional). However, in the present embodiment, the heater 24 is used in the range-extended electric forklift, and the corresponding air outlet of the heater 24 is directed to the oil pan 211 of the range extender engine 21 through the exhaust pipe 241. During operation, air is provided for the combustion of fuel through the air inlet 242, and normal heating operation of the cooling liquid is realized through the heater cooling liquid inlet 242 and the heater cooling liquid outlet 243; the high temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion can be led to the bottom of the range extender engine 21 to heat engine oil.

In the embodiment, a first condenser 11 is arranged on a battery pack cooling pipeline b, a second condenser 12 is arranged on a PCU-driving motor-generator heating pipeline II, and a third condenser 13 is arranged on a range extender cooling pipeline d; and condenser one 11, condenser two 12, condenser three 13 are all mounted within the radiator assembly 10. The radiator assembly 10 cools three condensers simultaneously through the electronic fan 14, so that the installation space is saved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the expansion kettle 51 (which is the prior art in its own structure) is further included to realize the addition of the cooling liquid. The top of the expansion kettle 51 is provided with a cooling liquid injection port 511, and the bottom is provided with a cooling liquid outlet port 512; the coolant outlet 512 is connected to the battery pack cooling line b, the range extender cooling line d, and the PCU-drive motor-generator heating line ii, respectively. When the coolant is required to be replenished, the coolant is introduced through the coolant inlet 511.

Further, at the upper side wall of the expansion kettle 51, there are also a vent 514, a vent 513 at a higher position. Wherein the vent 514 communicates with the radiator assembly 10 at the top of the condenser tube of the corresponding condenser; the exhaust port 513 is directly connected to the outside atmosphere; the vent 514 and the vent 513 are both located at the upper middle side wall of the expansion kettle 51.

The principle of the arrangement is as follows: when each hot pipeline works, the medium, air and steam are arranged in the pipeline, the pressure in the pipeline is increased due to the air and steam, and the air and steam vent 514 enters the expansion kettle 51 and finally is discharged to the atmosphere through the air outlet 513. When high-temperature steam exists in each heat pipeline, the medium circulation in the pipeline is influenced, the medium flow is not smooth, and the designed flow rate is not reached, so that the corresponding steam is discharged through the air vent 514 and the air vent 513. I.e. to be able to balance the atmospheric pressure inside the thermal system (or inside the device) with the outside.

Example 2

Based on example 1, a Cheng Qire-extended pipeline III (comprising an extended range unit heating pipeline c and an extended range unit cooling pipeline d) was designed

Specifically, for range extender warming line c: the third electronic water pump 25 is connected to the range extender engine 21 through a pipeline, the third electronic water pump 25 is also connected with the heater 24 through a pipeline, and the heater 24 is connected to the range extender engine 21 through a pipeline;

furthermore, for the range extender cooling line d: the third condenser 13 is connected to the range extender engine 21 through a pipeline, the third condenser 13 is sequentially connected with a four-way 23 and a first tee 22, and the first tee 22 is connected to the range extender engine 21 in a return way;

the range extender heating pipeline c is connected with a hot car circulation in the range extender engine 21, and the range extender cooling pipeline d is connected with a cold car circulation in the range extender engine 21. (in the prior art, there are a hot cycle and a cold cycle in the engine, and the hot cycle and the cold cycle are controlled and switched by a thermostat connected to a control panel)

When in operation, the device comprises: since the on/off of the heater 24 is controlled after the temperature is detected by the water temperature sensor of the heater, the heater 24 stops heating, and the range extender engine 21 can be started smoothly after the preheating is completed; after the range extender engine 21 is started, the engine thermostat detects the water temperature, when the water temperature does not reach the set temperature (for example, 80 ℃), the thermostat opens a small circulation passage (namely, a range extender heating pipeline c), the water pump 25 works, and the water flows through the range extender engine 21, the electronic water pump three 25, the heater 24 and the range extender engine 21 to form a loop; when the temperature of the thermostat is higher (for example, 80 ℃), the large circulation is started, namely, a loop is formed by the condenser three 13-four-way 23-three-way one 22-range extender engine 21-the condenser three 13, the cooling process is started, and finally, the heat balance is achieved.

The design has the advantages that: during operation in severe cold weather, the battery pack 45 and the range extender engine 21 can be switched; the battery pack 45 is at a low temperature, and the range extender engine 21 works; the working temperature of the range extender engine 21 is high, and the battery pack can be started at any time. So that the service life of the battery pack 45 is not affected when the forklift is operated under severe cold conditions.

Example 3

The battery pack heat pipe i (battery pack cooling pipe b, battery pack warming pipe a) was also designed on the basis of examples 1 and 2.

Specifically, for the battery pack cooling line b: the first condenser 11 is connected to the battery pack 45 through a pipeline, the first condenser 11 is sequentially connected with the fourth tee 41 and the first electronic water pump 42, the first electronic water pump 42 is connected to the V1 channel of the second electromagnetic valve 43, the second electromagnetic valve 43 is connected with the third tee 44 through the V3 channel of the second electromagnetic valve, and the third tee 44 is connected to the battery pack 45;

and, for the battery pack warming line a: the second electromagnetic valve 43 is connected with the second tee 46 through a V2 channel of the second electromagnetic valve, the second tee 46 is connected with a V3 channel of the first electromagnetic valve 47, and the first electromagnetic valve 47 is connected with the third tee 44 through a V2 channel of the first electromagnetic valve;

further, when the range extender cooling line d is connected to the battery pack warming line a: the four-way valve 23 is connected to the V1 passage of the first solenoid valve 47, and the first tee 22 is connected to the second tee 46.

In normal operation, the first condenser 11 dissipates heat from the battery pack 45. When the range extender engine 21 is started under the cold condition, the system judges whether the battery pack 45 is preheated or not, if so, the V2 and V3 channels of the first electromagnetic valve 47 are communicated, the V1 and V2 channels of the second electromagnetic valve 43 are communicated, and the coolant heated in the range extender engine 21 passes through the four-way 23, the three-way one 22 and the three-way two 46; the cooling liquid in the first condenser 11 passes through a fourth tee 41, an electronic water pump 42, a second electromagnetic valve 43 and a second tee 46. After the two sets of cooling liquid are mixed in the second tee 46, circulation is completed through the first electromagnetic valve 47, the third tee 44, the battery pack 45 and the first condenser 11, and the battery pack 45 is preheated. When the system judges that heating is not needed, the V1 and V3 channels of the first electromagnetic valve 47 and the second electromagnetic valve 43 are communicated, the battery pack 45 passes through the first condenser 11 to be subjected to independent cooling circulation, and the cooling liquid heated in the range extender engine 21 cannot enter the circulation. The cooling liquid with different circulation flows into the battery through the on-off of the electromagnetic valve, and the temperature of the battery is controlled to be always within the normal working range.

The benefit of this design is that the waste heat of the range extender motor 21 is directly utilized to heat the battery pack 45. When heating is not required, a separate cooling cycle is provided. The battery temperature is always controlled within the required range.

Example 4

The PCU-driven motor-generator heat pipe ii was designed based on the above-described embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and embodiment 3.

Specifically, the outlet of the second condenser 12 is sequentially connected with a fifth tee 31, a second electronic water pump 32, a PCU33, a driving motor 34 and a generator 35 through pipelines, and the generator 35 is connected to the inlet of the second condenser 12 through pipelines.

The second condenser 12 provides independent cooling circulation for the driving motor, the PCU and the generator, and the specific connection mode is the second condenser 12, the tee joint five 31, the second electronic water pump 32, the PCU33, the driving motor 34, the generator 35 and the second condenser 12; namely, the cooling is achieved by directly connecting the drive motor 34 and the generator 35 in series with the PCU 33. And a cooling pipeline is not required to be independently arranged, so that the cooling requirement can still be met, and the pipeline is concise. The circulation is switched on and off by switching on and off the second electronic water pump 32.

Example 5

The connection of the expansion kettle 51 was specifically designed based on the above-described embodiments 1 to 4.

Specifically, the expansion kettle 51 is connected with the four-way valve 23 through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle 51 is connected with the range extender cooling pipeline d; the expansion kettle 51 is connected with the tee joint five 31 through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle 51 is connected with a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipeline II; the expansion kettle 51 is connected with the V1 channel of the solenoid valve one 47 through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle 51 is connected with the battery pack cooling pipeline b.

In fig. 1 of the specification, reference numeral 21 denotes an engine of the range extender, and reference numeral 35 denotes a generator of the range extender.

The foregoing examples represent only preferred embodiments, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which falls within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A hot pipe line for an extended range electric fork truck, characterized by: the device comprises a battery pack heat pipe I, a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipe II and a range extender heat pipe III;

the battery pack heat pipe line I comprises a battery pack heating pipe line a and a battery pack cooling pipe line b;

the range extender heat pipe line III comprises a range extender heating pipe line c and a range extender cooling pipe line d;

in the range extender heating pipeline c, a range extender engine (21), an electronic water pump III (25) and a heater (24) are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the heater (24) is connected to the range extender engine (21) again;

in the range extender cooling pipeline d, the range extender cooling pipeline d is directly connected with a range extender engine (21) to form a loop;

the battery pack cooling pipeline b is directly connected with the battery pack (45) to form a loop;

the battery pack heating pipeline a is connected with a small section of pipeline in the battery pack cooling pipeline b in parallel and is also connected with a small section of pipeline in the range extender cooling pipeline d in parallel; by controlling the corresponding valve, heat generated by the range extender engine (21) flows into the battery pack cooling pipeline b through the battery pack heating pipeline a, so that the battery pack (45) is heated.

2. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the range extender heating pipeline c, heating is performed through a heater (24);

the heater (24) is connected to the oil tank through an oil delivery pipe; when the heater (24) burns, the medium in the heating pipeline c of the heat energy range extender is heated, and the heated medium preheats the engine in the range extender engine (21);

the gas after combustion of the heater (24) is also guided to the oil pan (211) of the range extender engine (21) through a pipeline, and the oil pan (211) of the range extender engine (21) is heated through high-temperature tail gas, so that engine oil is heated.

3. A hot line for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the battery pack cooling pipeline b is provided with a first condenser (11), the PCU-driving motor-generator heating pipeline II is provided with a second condenser (12), and the range extender cooling pipeline d is provided with a third condenser (13);

the first condenser (11), the second condenser (12) and the third condenser (13) are all arranged in the radiator assembly (10);

the radiator assembly (10) cools the three condensers through the electronic fan (14).

4. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 3, wherein: the battery pack cooling pipeline b, the range extender cooling pipeline d and the PCU-driving motor-generator heating pipeline II are connected with a cooling liquid outlet (512) at the bottom of the expansion kettle (51);

the top of the expansion kettle (51) is provided with a cooling liquid injection port (511); the cooling liquid is added through the cooling liquid injection port (511), and flows into the corresponding pipeline through the cooling liquid outlet (512).

5. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 4, wherein: the upper side wall of the expansion kettle (51) is also provided with a vent (514) and an exhaust port (513);

the air vent (514) is communicated with the top of a condensation pipe of a corresponding condenser of the radiator assembly (10);

the exhaust port (513) is directly connected with the external atmosphere;

the air vent (514) and the air vent (513) are both positioned at the side wall of the middle upper part of the expansion kettle (51);

when each heat pipeline works, the medium, air and steam are arranged in the pipeline, the pressure in the pipeline can be increased due to the air and steam, and the air and steam vents (514) enter the expansion kettle (51) and are finally discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust port (513).

6. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 5, wherein: in the range extender heating pipeline c: the electronic water pump III (25) is connected to the range extender engine (21) through a pipeline, the electronic water pump III (25) is also connected with the heater (24) through a pipeline, and the heater (24) is connected to the range extender engine (21) through a pipeline;

in the range extender cooling line d: the third condenser (13) is connected to the range extender engine (21) through a pipeline, the third condenser (13) is sequentially connected with the four-way valve (23) and the first tee joint (22), and the first tee joint (22) is connected to the range extender engine (21) in a return mode;

and the range extender heating pipeline c is connected with a hot car circulation in the range extender engine (21), and the range extender cooling pipeline d is connected with a cold car circulation in the range extender engine (21).

7. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 6, wherein: in the battery pack cooling line b: the first condenser (11) is connected to the battery pack (45) through a pipeline, the first condenser (11) is sequentially connected with the fourth tee joint (41) and the first electronic water pump (42), the first electronic water pump (42) is connected to the V1 channel of the second electromagnetic valve (43), the second electromagnetic valve (43) is connected with the third tee joint (44) through the V3 channel of the second electromagnetic valve, and the third tee joint (44) is connected back to the battery pack (45);

in the battery pack temperature increasing line a: the solenoid valve II (43) is connected with the tee joint II (46) through a V2 channel of the solenoid valve II, the tee joint II (46) is connected with a V3 channel of the solenoid valve I (47), and the solenoid valve I (47) is connected with the tee joint III (44) through a V2 channel of the solenoid valve I;

when the range extender cooling line d is connected to the battery pack warming line a: the four-way valve (23) is connected to the V1 channel of the first electromagnetic valve (47), and the first tee joint (22) is connected with the second tee joint (46).

8. A thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck as recited in claim 7, wherein: in the PCU-drive motor-generator heat pipe ii: the outlet of the condenser II (12) is sequentially connected with a tee joint III (31), an electronic water pump II (32), a PCU (33), a driving motor (34) and a generator (35) through pipelines, and the generator (35) is connected to the inlet of the condenser II (12) through the pipelines.

9. The thermal pipeline for an extended range electric fork lift truck of claim 8, wherein: the expansion kettle (51) is connected with the four-way valve (23) through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle (51) is connected with the range extender cooling pipeline d;

the expansion kettle (51) is connected with a tee joint five (31) through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle (51) is connected with a PCU-driving motor-generator heat pipeline II;

the expansion kettle (51) is connected with a V1 channel of the first electromagnetic valve (47) through a pipeline, so that the expansion kettle (51) is connected with the battery pack cooling pipeline b.