CN219763660U - Autologous cortical bone slice cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The self cortical bone piece cutting machine comprises a fixing mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises fixing flaky rectangular bone pieces along the vertical direction; the cutting mechanism comprises a saw blade driven by a first motor to rotate, and the first motor is driven by the lifting mechanism to cut the bone block along the vertical direction and reset. The bone blocks are fixed through the fixing piece and the clamping slide block of the fixing mechanism, so that the bone blocks are limited and not easy to damage during cutting; the cutting mechanism can automatically slice the bone fragments under the drive of the lifting mechanism, and the manual operation is not needed and the cutting is uniform.

Description

Autologous cortical bone slice cutting machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an autologous bone slice transplanting operation instrument in dentistry, in particular to an autologous cortical bone slice cutting machine.

Background

At present, autologous bone slice grafting technology is used for repairing and reconstructing the alveolar bone after defect; has the advantages of good postoperative osteogenesis effect, short osteogenesis time, strong anti-infection capability, low cost and the like. However, in the current operation, the technique of slicing the cortical bone block is still in a manual stage, that is, a doctor holds the bone block in one hand and slices the bone block in the other hand by using a dental handpiece with a slicing wheel, so that the operator is very easy to be injured.

The bone pieces are generally rectangular sheets. In contrast, in the case of a sheet cutting device, there is a slicing device as disclosed in CN202021470041.4, which includes a clamp for fixing a sheet, and a double-headed saw blade, sawing motor for cutting a bar in the vertical direction. The strip can be cut into sheet-like objects in the cross-sectional direction.

However, the above-mentioned devices cannot be used directly, and there are several problems in the dental surgery field that need to be solved. The human bone blocks are different from rubber materials, the materials are more fragile, and the clamp is easy to damage in the cutting process; a large amount of bone fragments can be splashed during cutting, so that the pollution to the operation environment is easily caused; the bone fragments have recycling value, and if the fresh bone fragments are collected and stored in time, the bone fragments can be used for other dental operations, so that the cost can be saved. The above problems are thus in need of a solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the existing problems and aims to provide an autologous cortical bone slice cutting machine.

In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises a fixing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises the step of fixing a flaky rectangular bone block along the vertical direction; the cutting mechanism comprises a saw blade driven by a first motor to rotate, and the first motor is driven by the lifting mechanism to cut the bone block along the vertical direction and reset.

In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a back plate, wherein the lower end of the bone block is arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate, the side plate props against the side end of the bone block, and the back plate supports the rear end surface of the bone block to form a fixing space of the bone block; the clamping slide block can move along the guide rail; the clamping slide block can clamp the other side end of the bone block under the drive of the spring in a compressed state, so as to fix the bone block.

In some embodiments, the device further comprises a spring seat fixedly arranged, and two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the clamping slider and the spring seat; the clamping slide block is provided with a chute, and moves along the guide rail through the chute.

In some embodiments, the sliding groove of the clamping slide block is arranged with the opening downward, the guide rail is a vertical plate, and the guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the bone block; the clamping slide block is arranged on the guide rail through the chute.

In some embodiments, the clamping slide is internally provided with a chute penetrating both ends thereof along the traveling direction, and a guide rail arranged along the length direction of the bone block penetrates through the chute, so that the clamping slide is movably sleeved on the guide rail.

In some embodiments, the end of the contact between the side plate and one side end of the bone piece and/or the contact between the clamping slider and the other side end of the bone piece is provided with a first inclined surface for limiting the bone piece in the thickness direction in the fixing space, and the first inclined surface extends towards the inner side of the fixing space in the horizontal direction.

In some embodiments, the contact part of the side plate and one side end of the bone block and/or the contact part of the clamping slide block and the other side end of the bone block are/is provided with a second inclined surface for limiting the bone block in the fixing space along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second inclined surface extends towards the inner side of the fixing space.

In some embodiments, the securing mechanism is secured to the base by a snap-lock securing device, or a bolt, or a socket-and-slot structure.

In some embodiments, a concave handle is further provided on the base.

In some embodiments, the clamping slider, or the bottom plate, or the side plate is provided with a first cavity for the saw blade to pass through when cutting the bone block, and the first cavity is arranged along the vertical direction and also takes a sheet shape.

In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism comprises a second motor that drives the cutting mechanism to move up and down through a belt drive mechanism or a screw mechanism.

In some embodiments, the teeth of the saw blade are triangular teeth.

In some embodiments, a bone fragment collector is also arranged below the bone block and the fixing mechanism, and comprises a shell; the inside of casing is equipped with the inner chamber that is used for acceping cutting liquid, and the lateral wall of casing is equipped with the opening, and the opening part is equipped with the filter screen that filters the bone bits.

In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism of the bone block is provided with a first cavity for the saw blade to pass through, and the lower end of the first cavity is communicated with a second cavity; the outer wall of the shell is shaped to fit the second cavity so that the shell can be horizontally inserted into the second cavity. In some embodiments, one end of the bone fragment collector is also connected to a water pumping device for pumping cutting fluid.

In some embodiments, the device further comprises a water spraying device comprising a spray head and a spray pump, wherein the spray pump supplies water/saline to the spray head, and a water outlet of the spray head is aligned with the saw blade cutting position.

In some embodiments, the device further comprises a protective cover for protecting the fixing mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism arranged on the base, and the protective cover is rotatably connected with the base through a hinge.

In some embodiments, the device further comprises a sensor, wherein the sensor can start each mechanism to operate after knowing that the protective cover is covered and sending a signal to the controller.

In some embodiments, the cutting machine further comprises a split controller which is in communication connection with the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism through wires or a wireless network and controls the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the bone block is fixed through the fixing piece and the clamping slide block of the fixing mechanism, and the bone block is limited and is not easy to damage during cutting; the cutting mechanism can automatically slice the bone fragments under the drive of the lifting mechanism, manual operation is not needed, and the cutting is uniform; the water spraying device sprays water for cooling in the cutting process, and the bone fragments are collected by the bone fragments collector, so that pollution is prevented and the bone fragments can be recycled; the protective cover can prevent cutting liquid from splashing, and ensure the safe operation of equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fixing mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fixing mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bone fragment collector;

referring to the drawings, a fixing mechanism 1, a bottom plate 101, side plates 102, a back plate 103, a clamping slider 104, a guide rail 105, a spring 106, a spring seat 107, a second inclined surface 108, a first inclined surface 109, a second cavity 110, and a first cavity 111; a first motor 2, a lifting mechanism 3 and a saw blade 4; bone fragments collector 5, housing 501, lumen 502, screen 503; a shell 6, a water spraying device 7 and a bone block 8.

Detailed Description

The utility model will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to fig. 1 to 6, fig. 1 to 6 illustrate an autologous cortical bone block cutting machine for cutting a sheet-like cortical bone block according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment mainly includes a fixing mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a cutting mechanism. The fixing mechanism comprises fixing the flaky bone blocks along the vertical direction; the cutting mechanism comprises a saw blade driven by a first motor to rotate, and the first motor is driven by the lifting mechanism to cut the bone block along the vertical direction and then reset. In addition, a water spraying device and a bone dust collector are also arranged; the above mechanisms/devices are respectively installed on the base.

Because the bone pieces are small in size, the bone pieces are required to be clamped and taken in operation, and the bone pieces are required to be cleaned, sterilized and the like, the bone pieces are inconvenient to directly mount on the base, and the bone pieces are required to be mounted on the fixing mechanism. In the fixing mechanism, the structure as a fixing piece comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a back plate. The lower extreme of bone piece is arranged in the up end of bottom plate, and the curb plate withstands one side end of bone piece, and the backplate holds the rear end face of bone piece, and bottom plate, curb plate and backplate three are integrated into one piece structure, constitute the fixed space of bone piece by the surface that faces the bone piece respectively.

The lateral length of the bone pieces will vary according to the particular needs, typically over a wide range of 10-35mm, so a telescopic spring clamping mechanism is employed in the length direction to facilitate adjustable fixation. The moving member in the fixing mechanism thus comprises a clamping slide which can be moved along the guide rail and which clamps the other end of the bone piece. The spring seat is fixedly arranged and is in a vertical plate shape. The two ends of the springs which are horizontally arranged are respectively connected with the clamping slide block and the spring seat, and the springs are in a compressed state, so that the clamping slide block always keeps a movement trend towards one side of the bone block. When the bone block is not fixed, the clamping slide block moves to the left side of the fixing piece under the pushing of the spring; the right side of the clamping sliding block is matched with the left preferential modeling of the fixing piece, so that the clamping sliding block is convenient to store.

A sliding groove (a central hole) penetrating through two ends of the clamping sliding block is arranged in the clamping sliding block along the advancing direction; the guide rail is in a vertical plate shape, and the cross section shape and the size of the guide rail are matched with (preferably slightly smaller than) the sliding groove. The guide rail is inserted into and passes through the chute, and the clamping slide block is movably sleeved on the guide rail; the two ends of the guide rail are respectively connected with the spring seat and the side plate. The clamping slide block can move towards the bone block under the drive of the spring in a compressed state and clamps the other side end of the bone block. The sliding groove of the clamping sliding block can be downwards opened, and the clamping sliding block is arranged on the guide rail through the sliding groove to form the telescopic mechanism.

Preferably, referring to fig. 5, the contact part between the side plate and the side end of the bone block and the contact part between the clamping slider and the other side end of the bone block are respectively provided with a first inclined surface for limiting the bone block in the fixing space along the thickness direction, and the two first inclined surfaces respectively extend towards the inner side of the fixing space in the horizontal direction. The two first inclined planes enable the rear end face of the bone block to be abutted against the back plate of the clamping device, so that the bone block is prevented from being broken due to outward flying after being stressed, and the position is also convenient to determine during cutting.

Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the contact part between the side plate and the side end of the bone block and the contact part between the clamping slider and the other side end of the bone block are respectively provided with a second inclined plane for limiting the bone block in the fixing space along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second inclined plane extends towards the inner side of the fixing space. Because the dimension of the bone block in the vertical height direction is not greatly changed, the left end surface and the right end surface of the bone block adopt inclined plane limiting structures. When the spring clamps the sliding block to clamp the bone block, the second inclined plane also clamps the height direction of the bone block at the same time, so that the bone block is prevented from flying out after being stressed.

The securing mechanism is preferably a removable structure. In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the base is provided with an inward-sinking mounting groove, and the gear shaping on the lower end surface of the hand-held fixing mechanism is aligned for insertion and then inserted to the bottom. When the bone fragments are detached, the fixing mechanism can be pulled out by upward force application after the bone fragments are taken down. In addition, the detachable connection can be realized by screwing the bolts into the fixing holes to form a fixing structure, a locking structure and the like.

The bone blocks can be firmly installed on the fixing mechanism and then installed on the host machine, so that the clamping and the taking of the bone blocks are convenient, and the bone blocks can be prevented from being damaged in cutting by adjusting and setting the tightness of the springs and the size of the fixing space; the detachable structure is convenient for cleaning bone fragments and independently sterilizing the fixing mechanism.

The cutting mechanism comprises a first motor and a saw blade, and the circle center of the saw blade is connected with the output shaft of the first motor and is driven to rotate by the output shaft of the first motor. The diameter of the saw blade in the embodiment is 56mm, and the saw blade has a larger cutting length, so that the bone blocks can be cut quickly and efficiently; the thickness of the saw blade is 0.4mm, and the weight is lighter. The rotational speed and torque that the first motor may provide are: the rotation speed was 1500rpm and the torque was 0.8kg cm.

Further, the teeth of the saw blade are triangular tooth shapes. Preferably, the thickness of the end is slightly thicker than the saw blade body (tooth pulling structure), and the thickness is 0.6mm slightly thicker than the body, so that the cutting is efficient and the saw blade is not blocked.

Correspondingly, in order to realize smooth upward and downward movement of the saw blade, a first cavity (cutting groove) for the saw blade to pass through when cutting the bone block is respectively formed at the path of the saw blade on the clamping slide block, the bottom plate or the side plate in the fixing mechanism, and the first cavity formed by the three cutting grooves of the clamping slide block, the bottom plate or the side plate is arranged along the vertical direction, and the space of the first cavity is also in a sheet shape. The thickness of the first cavity is larger than the thickness of the saw blade, and the depth is larger than the maximum distance of the descending of the saw blade, so that the saw blade can be used for completely cutting bone blocks.

The lifting mechanism comprises a second motor arranged in the shell, and the second motor can drive the cutting mechanism to move up and down through the belt transmission mechanism or the screw mechanism. In the embodiment, a screw-nut mechanism is adopted, a nut is connected to a first motor through a connecting piece, and the nut is sleeved on a vertical screw; the screw rod is driven to rotate by the second motor (servo motor), and the nut moves up and down along the lifting guide rail, so that the accurate lifting of the second motor is realized. When the belt transmission mechanism is adopted, the second motor drives the driving wheel to rotate and drags the driven wheel through the belt; the first motor is fixed on the belt and driven by the belt to lift. Other existing moving mechanisms may also be employed as the lifting mechanism. In addition, the outside of the lifting mechanism is also preferably provided with a telescopic protective sleeve to close the structure.

Further, the water spraying device comprises a spray head and a water spraying pump. The spray head is arranged on the base, and the water outlet of the spray head is aligned with the cutting position of the saw blade. A water jet pump (preferably a peristaltic pump) supplies water/saline to the spray head through a hose and controls the amount of water. The ejected water may flow downward along the first cavity with bone fragments (cutting liquid). Referring to fig. 6, for treating cutting fluid, the lower end of the first cavity is also communicated with a second cavity, in which a bone fragment collector is provided, comprising a long tubular housing. An inner cavity for accommodating cutting liquid is arranged in the shell, an upward opening is formed in the side wall of the shell, and a filter screen for filtering bone fragments is arranged at the opening. When cutting fluid flows through the openings, bone fragments can remain on the surface of the filter screen and water can enter the inner cavity. One end of the bone fragments collector is provided with an opening and is communicated with a water pumping device for pumping cutting liquid.

Preferably, the bone fragment collector housing is shaped to accommodate the second cavity. The second cavity is provided with a socket at the side of the base, so that the shell can be horizontally inserted into the second cavity from the socket, and the opening is upwards aligned with the first cavity; and the shell can be pulled out integrally when the bone fragments are cleaned.

Further, the multifunctional cutting machine also comprises a protective cover for protecting the fixing mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism which are arranged on the base, and the protective cover is rotatably connected with the base through a hinge, so that the multifunctional cutting machine is convenient to open and close. The magnetic steel is embedded in the edge opening of the protective cover, so that the base can be sucked when the protective cover is closed, and the protective cover is prevented from being separated; a snap-fit arrangement may also be used. The protection casing is isolated inside and outside space, and the clean and tidy of environment when can guaranteeing the cutting, and cutting liquid splashes when avoiding the operation, has prevented the pollution. The protective cover can also be made of plastic, and one part of the protective cover is transparent, so that the internal operation condition can be seen; one part is frosted, so that the appearance is more attractive.

Preferably, the safety protection device further comprises an inductor, wherein after the inductor knows that the protection cover is covered, the inductor can start each mechanism to operate after sending a signal to the controller or displaying an induction lamp, so that the safety protection device can ensure safe operation.

Preferably, a separate controller is also included, including the required switch buttons. The controller is in communication/electric connection with the lifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism through wires (sterilized) or a wireless network, and realizes control respectively. The split type structural design realizes the relative remote operation in an operating room; simultaneously, the volume and the weight of the two are reduced, and the two are convenient to be placed separately.

When the autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine based on the embodiment is used, the clamping slide block is firstly pulled out by hands, and then the sheet bone pieces which are cut into rectangular shapes in advance are placed into the fixed space. And then the clamping slide block is loosened, the spring is released, the clamping slide block moves to the other end of the bone block along the guide rail, and finally the bone block is clamped. The securing mechanism is then mounted to the base.

Initially, the saw blade is in an initial position over the bone piece and the first motor is not running. Closing the protective cover, and after the controller presses the starting button, outputting rotating speed and torque by the first motor to drive the saw blade to rotate; and starting the second motor to drive the lifting mechanism to lift, and starting the saw blade to rotate to cut the bone block and move downwards at the same time. The saw blade passes down through the first cavity in the vertical direction and cuts the middle of the bone piece, dividing it into two thinner flaps (thickness around 1.5 mm). The saw blade is moved to the bottom position, namely the cutting is completed, the saw blade stops rotating after the cutting is completed, and the lifting mechanism is controlled to automatically lift the first motor and return to the initial position.

At the same time, the water spraying device sprays salt water to the cutting position and the saw blade body. One end of the hose is inserted into the brine bottle, the middle is clamped on the peristaltic pump, and the other end is inserted into the flushing inlet of the base. The peristaltic pump is started, water flows out of the brine bottle, the water flow speed is regulated by the peristaltic pump, the water enters the base and is sprayed out of the water spraying port, and the water spraying port is aligned to the cutting position of the saw blade (preferably the upper end surface of the bone block), so that the temperature during cutting can be reduced; the bone fragments are washed into the second cavity below the base while being accommodated by the water flow to prevent splashing. The water flow mixed bone fragments flow out from the water outlet and flow into the opening of the bone fragment collector; cutting liquid enters the inner cavity and is pumped away by the water pump; the bone fragments are filtered out and left on the surface of the collector, and can be collected for reuse.

The shape of the base is preferably L-shaped and smaller than that of a square. The side face of the device can be provided with a wire socket, a flushing inlet of a water spraying device, a socket of a bone fragments collector and other functional sockets, and the device is also provided with a concave handle which is convenient for picking up a host machine. The flip cover type protective cover positioned at the top of the base protects the internal operation safety and prevents water from splashing.

The inside of the base can also be physically partitioned (such as a partition plate) according to a mechanical structure, an electrical system, a flushing system and a bone fragments collecting system, and a plurality of sealing devices such as a sealing sleeve, an O-shaped ring, a silica gel ring and the like are matched for use to ensure the waterproof performance, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure disinfection of the whole machine is realized.

The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the utility model, but rather as modifications, variations or adaptations thereof may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine, which is characterized in that: comprises a fixing mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises fixing flaky bone blocks along the vertical direction;

the cutting mechanism comprises a saw blade driven by a first motor to rotate, and the first motor is driven by the lifting mechanism to cut the bone block along the vertical direction and reset.

2. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: the fixing mechanism comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a back plate, wherein the bone blocks are arranged on the bottom plate, the side plates support the side ends of the bone blocks, and the back plate supports the rear end surfaces of the bone blocks to form a fixing space of the bone blocks;

the clamping slide block can move along the guide rail; the clamping slide block can clamp the other side end of the bone block under the drive of the spring in a compressed state, so as to fix the bone block.

3. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 2, wherein: the clamping slider is fixedly connected with the spring seat, and the clamping slider is fixedly connected with the spring seat; the clamping slide block is provided with a chute, and moves along the guide rail through the chute.

4. An autologous cortical bone piece cutter according to claim 3, wherein: the sliding groove of the clamping sliding block is arranged with a downward opening, the guide rail is a vertical plate, and the guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the bone block; the clamping slide block is arranged on the guide rail through the slide groove, or the slide grooves penetrating through the two ends of the clamping slide block are arranged in the clamping slide block along the advancing direction, and the guide rail arranged along the length direction of the bone block penetrates through the slide grooves, so that the clamping slide block is sleeved on the guide rail.

5. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 2, wherein: the contact part of the side plate and one side end of the bone block and/or the contact part of the clamping slide block and the other side end of the bone block is provided with a first inclined surface which limits the bone block in the fixing space along the thickness direction, and the first inclined surface extends towards the inner side of the fixing space in the horizontal direction.

6. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 2, wherein: the contact part of the side plate and one side end of the bone block and/or the contact part of the clamping slide block and the other side end of the bone block are provided with a second inclined plane which limits the bone block in the fixing space along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second inclined plane extends towards the inner side of the fixing space.

7. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of any one of claims 2-6, wherein: the fixing mechanism is fixed on the base through a lock catch fixing device, a bolt or a socket slot structure.

8. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 7, wherein: the base is also provided with a concave handle.

9. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of any one of claims 2-6, wherein: the clamping slide block and/or the bottom plate and/or the side plate are/is provided with a first cavity for the saw blade to pass through when cutting the bone block.

10. The autologous cortical bone piece cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a second motor, and the second motor drives the cutting mechanism to do lifting movement through the belt transmission mechanism or the screw mechanism.