CN219733553U - Blade root structure, blade and wind generating set - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a blade root structure, a blade and a wind generating set, wherein the blade root structure comprises a prefabricated part (1) and a first layering layer (2), the prefabricated part (1) is surrounded into a cylindrical structure, and materials of the prefabricated part (1) comprise high-modulus glass fiber cloth, a pultruded glass panel, a carbon plate or any one or a combination of a plurality of materials of carbon fibers and metal fibers; the first layer (2) is arranged inside and along the tubular structure, wherein the modulus of the material of the prefabricated member (1) is at least greater than the modulus of the material of a part of the area of the first layer (2). According to the utility model, the prefabricated part (1) is adopted to form a cylindrical structure to form the basic outline of the blade root, and the prefabricated part (1) and the first layering (2) are respectively made of materials with different moduli, so that the pouring quality of the blade root can be ensured, and the rigidity and bearing capacity of the blade root can be improved under the condition of saving cost.

Description

Blade root structure, blade and wind generating set

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a blade root structure, a blade and a wind generating set.

Background

With the continuous development of wind power technology, blades are rapidly developed towards the direction of large scale, and even the length can reach hundreds of meters. The blade root is a key part for transmitting external load born by the blade to the blade root connection and the hub through the main girder, and the stress is relatively complex. As the aspect ratio of the blade increases, the load carrying capacity of the blade root bolts becomes a critical factor in determining the length of the blade. However, the blade root pitch circle cannot be infinitely enlarged due to the ultra-high limit of road transportation, and therefore, the blade root structure becomes a bottleneck problem.

Conventional blade root designs, the fiberglass cloth in the blade root layup typically takes on one gauge. When the root rigidity is insufficient and the root bolt fatigue damage is overlarge, two main methods exist for improving the root rigidity: firstly, the glass fiber cloth of the blade root reinforcing layer is changed from common modulus glass fiber cloth to high modulus glass fiber cloth, and the mode greatly increases the cost; secondly, the blade root layering is thickened, but the method can increase the weight of the blade and increase the production cost.

Accordingly, there is a need to develop a new blade root structure to provide both root stiffness, root load carrying capability and cost savings in large blades.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the problems of balancing the rigidity, cost and weight of the blade root and improving the bearing capacity of the blade root in a large blade. In view of the above, embodiments of the present utility model are directed to providing a blade root structure, a blade and a wind turbine generator system, where the blade root structure is configured to combine a combination of different materials and a blade root prefabrication technology, so as to improve stiffness of a blade root, bearing capacity of the blade root, and save cost.

In order to solve the problems, in a first aspect, the present utility model provides a blade root structure, where the blade root structure includes a prefabricated member and a first layer, the prefabricated member is enclosed into a cylindrical structure, and the material of the prefabricated member includes one or a combination of any one or more materials of high modulus glass fiber cloth, pultruded glass panels, carbon plates, carbon fibers and metal fibers; the first ply is disposed inside and along the tubular structure, wherein the modulus of the preform material is at least greater than the modulus of the material used in a portion of the first ply.

In yet another embodiment, the preform comprises a radially disposed first surface and a second surface, the first surface comprising a first curved surface and a second curved surface axially connected, wherein the first curved surface is parallel to the second surface, and the second curved surface extends from a trailing end of the first curved surface in a direction away from a leading end of the first curved surface and gradually approaches the second surface until intersecting such that the trailing end of the preform forms a wedge-shaped end.

In yet another embodiment away from the head end of the preform, the first layup extends along the first surface from the head end of the preform to the tail end of the wedge-shaped end and back in a direction away from the head end of the preform, and a side of the first layup away from the centerline of the tubular structure includes a third curved surface at the wedge-shaped end away from the head end of the preform, the third curved surface being in smooth transition with the second surface.

In yet another embodiment, the first ply comprises a blade root common ply and a reinforcing ply, the blade root common ply comprising a first connection portion and a second connection portion arranged circumferentially, wherein the first connection portion and the reinforcing ply are arranged circumferentially, and the second connection portion axially overlaps the trailing end of the reinforcing ply.

In yet another embodiment, the reinforcement layer extends along the first surface from a leading end of the preform to a trailing end of the wedge-shaped end such that a trailing end face of the reinforcement layer is flush with the second surface.

In a further embodiment, the reinforcement layer is arranged at the leading edge of the blade root structure and/or the reinforcement layer is arranged at the trailing edge of the blade root structure.

In yet another embodiment, the corresponding central angle at the reinforcement layer is less than 90 °.

In yet another embodiment, the blade root structure includes a plurality of embedded parts that are sequentially spaced apart along the circumference of the preform and extend axially, and the embedded parts are mounted on the first surface, or the embedded parts are located between the first surface and the second surface of the preform.

In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a blade comprising a blade root structure as described above.

In a third aspect, the utility model provides a wind turbine comprising a blade as described above.

According to the utility model, the prefabricated part is adopted to form the cylindrical structure to form the basic outline of the blade root, and the prefabricated part and the first layering are respectively made of materials with different moduli, so that the pouring quality of the blade root can be ensured, the rigidity and bearing capacity of the blade root can be improved under the condition of saving cost, and the requirement of a large blade on the blade root structure of the blade can be met.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blade root structure of a blade according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view A-A in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a B-B cross-sectional view in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the layering relationships of a further blade root structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the layering relationships of a further blade root structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the present utility model, the "trailing edge" means an end on the leeward side in the blade chord direction, and the "leading edge" means an end on the windward side in the blade chord direction. "head" and "tail" are referred to in terms of position in the blade, wherein "head" refers to an end proximate to the mounting side of the blade and "tail" refers to an end proximate to the tip of the blade.

For a better understanding of the present utility model, the present utility model will be described below with reference to specific examples and drawings.

In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1-3, the present utility model provides a blade root structure, where the blade root structure includes a prefabricated member 1 and a first layer 2, the prefabricated member 1 includes a prefabricated member enclosed into a cylindrical structure, and the material of the prefabricated member 1 includes any one or a combination of a plurality of materials of high modulus glass fiber cloth, a pultruded glass panel, a carbon plate or carbon fiber and metal fiber; the first paving layer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the cylindrical structure and paved along the cylindrical structure; the modulus of the material of the preform 1 is at least greater than the modulus of the material of the partial region of the first ply 2. According to the utility model, the prefabricated part 1 is adopted to form the basic outline of the tubular structure of the blade root, so that the rigidity of the blade root can be effectively improved, the connecting stress amplitude of the blade root bolt is reduced, and the service life of the blade root bolt is prolonged; by setting the modulus of the materials used for the prefabricated part 1 and the first layer 2 to be at least greater than the modulus of the materials used for the partial area of the first layer 2, the production cost can be reduced under the condition of further improving the rigidity and the bearing capacity of the blade root structure of the blade; therefore, the relationship among the rigidity, cost and weight of the blade root and the bearing capacity of the blade root can be balanced in the large blade, so that the cost is reduced as much as possible under the condition of meeting the requirements of the blade root structure of the large and ultra-large blade. For example, the preform 1 may employ a high modulus glass fiber cloth and the first ply 2 may employ a normal modulus glass fiber cloth. For another example, the prefabricated part 1 adopts E8-UD, the first layer 2 adopts common UD cloth, for another example, the prefabricated part 1 adopts E8-UD, the first layer 2 adopts E8-UD at a part with better stress, and adopts common UD cloth at a part with worse stress, wherein UD is uni-directional cloth, also called UD cloth for short.

In yet another embodiment, the modulus of the preform 1 is greater than the modulus of the total first ply 2 material. Therefore, the rigidity and strength of the blade root are reduced on the premise of ensuring the quality of the blade root.

Of course, the first ply 2 may also be partially made of a high modulus material, with another portion made of a lower modulus material. For example, the preform 1 employs an E8-UD, and a portion of the first ply 2 employs an E8-UD and another portion employs an E7-UD. In this way, on the basis of the embodiment that the modulus of the prefabricated part 1 is greater than the modulus of the material of all the first laminates 2, the blade root structure can be further optimized, and the relationship among the rigidity, the cost, the weight and the bearing capacity of the blade root can be further balanced.

In general, the prefabricated part 1 adopts high-modulus glass fiber cloth, and can effectively improve the rigidity of the blade root on the premise of using less high-modulus glass fiber cloth, thereby improving the fatigue bearing capacity of the blade root bolt.

In a further embodiment, the first layup 2 is laid from the head end face 10 of the preform 1 in an axial direction away from the head end face 10. Wherein the head end face 10 perpendicularly connects the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. Typically, the length of the preform 1 is typically not more than 4.5m.

In one embodiment of the preform 1, the blade root is approximately 23m long, and the axial length of the preform 1 is 0-4.5 m. Typically, the axial length of the preform 1 is 1.2-1.5 m.

In a further embodiment, the first layup 2 comprises a plurality of sub-layers arranged radially one above the other, each of the plurality of sub-layers being laid from the head end face 10 of the preform 1 towards the head end face 10 remote from said preform 1.

In yet another embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 5, a first portion of the first layup 2 is located inside the embedment 3 and a second portion of the first layup 2 is located on the trailing side of the embedment 3. Wherein the embedment 3 is located between the first portion of the first layup 2 and the preform 1.

In a further embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 4, the distance from the tail end of each sub-layer to the head end face 10 remote from the preform 1 is arranged to decrease in sequence as the axial distance from the sub-layer to the tubular structure decreases.

In a further embodiment, shown with reference to fig. 5, the distance from the tail end of each sub-layer located radially inside the preform 1 to the end face 10 remote from the head end of said preform 1 is set to increase in succession as the axial distance from the sub-layer to the tubular structure decreases.

In a further embodiment, the preform 1 comprises a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 arranged radially in a stack, the first surface 11 gradually approaching the second surface 12 from a set position from the head end face 10 of the preform 1 with decreasing distance to the blade tip until the first surface 11 intersects the second surface 12 such that the tail end of the preform 1 forms a wedge-shaped end 13. That is, the axially extending cross-sectional structure of the preform 1 is trapezoidal. By the arrangement, the use of materials can be reduced under the condition that the rigidity requirement of the blade root is not affected, so that the cost can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the stress of the blade root is further reduced.

In yet another embodiment, the preform 1 comprises a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 which are radially distributed, the first surface 11 comprising a first curved surface 111 and a second curved surface 112 which are axially connected, wherein the first curved surface 111 is parallel to the second surface 12, and the second curved surface 112 extends from the tail end of the first curved surface 111 in a direction away from the first curved surface 111 and gradually approaches the second surface 12 until intersecting, such that the tail end of the preform 1 forms a wedge-shaped end 13.

To reduce stress concentrations, the junction of the first curved surface 111 and the second curved surface 112 may be curved.

In the present utility model, the axial cross-section of the root normal ply 21 is typically less than 45 at the wedge-shaped end 13. Thus, the first ply 2 is not liable to slip there.

In yet another embodiment, the first ply 2 extends along the first surface 11 from the head end of the preform 1 to the tail end of the wedge-shaped end 13 and back away from the head end of the preform 1, and a side of the first ply 2 away from the central line of the tubular structure includes a third curved surface 20 located at the wedge-shaped end 13 away from the head end of the preform 1, and the third curved surface 20 is in smooth transition with the second surface 12, that is, there is no step, no sharp, or abrupt corner at the connection between the third curved surface 20 and the second surface 12. Therefore, the local stress can be reduced, and the blade root structure of the blade and the service life of the blade using the blade root structure of the blade can be further improved.

In yet another embodiment, the first ply 2 comprises a blade root common ply 21 and a reinforcing ply 22, the blade root common ply 21 comprising a first connection 211 and a second connection 212 arranged circumferentially, wherein the first connection 211 and the reinforcing ply 22 are arranged circumferentially, and the second connection 212 axially overlaps the trailing end of the reinforcing ply 22.

The blade root common layering 21 comprises a blade root inner reinforcing layer, a skin, a core material and the like.

In yet another embodiment, the stiffening layer 22 is disposed at a leading edge of the blade root structure and/or the stiffening layer 22 is disposed at a trailing edge of the blade root structure.

In the present utility model, the reinforcing layer 22 is typically disposed where the blade root structure is most severely stressed. The most severely stressed portion of the blade root structure is typically located at the leading edge, followed by the trailing edge. The reinforcing layer 22 is typically disposed at the leading edge, or at the trailing edge, or at both the leading and trailing edges. The distance between the front edge and the rear edge is called the chord length, and the farther the distance is from the chord length in the direction perpendicular to the chord length, the smaller the wind resistance is, the better the stress environment is, so that the blade root common layering 21 can be arranged in other areas with smaller stress, and the cost can be reduced on the premise of not reducing the service life of the blade. In addition, in the length direction from the blade root of the blade to the head end far away from the prefabricated member 1, the stress condition is improved along with the distance from the blade root to the head end of the prefabricated member 1, so that the cost can be reduced on the premise of not reducing the service life of the blade by arranging the blade root common layering 21 at the tail end of the reinforcing layer 22, namely, the end near the blade tip of the blade.

In yet another embodiment, the reinforcing ply 22 corresponds to a central angle of less than 90 °.

In yet another embodiment, the second connection portion 212 is disposed toward the end face of the end of the reinforcing layer 22 as a slope that is fit with the reinforcing layer 22. Thereby improving the connection reliability of the reinforcing layer 22 and the second connection portion 212.

In yet another embodiment, the reinforcing layer 22 is a high modulus fiberglass cloth.

In yet another embodiment, the thickness of the reinforcing layer 22 is greater than the thickness of the first connection portion 211.

In order to achieve both strength and rigidity of the preform 1 and reliability of the connection between the wedge-shaped end 13 and the second connection 212, the angle of the axial section of the blade root normal layer 21 at the wedge-shaped end 13 is typically set to about 30 °.

In yet another embodiment, the reinforcing layer 22 extends along the first surface 11 from the head end of the preform 1 to the tail end of the wedge-shaped end 13 such that the tail end face of the reinforcing layer 22 is flush with the second surface 12.

The blade root structure comprises a plurality of embedded parts 3 which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the prefabricated part 1 and extend along the axial direction, the embedded parts 3 are positioned between the second surfaces 12 of the first surfaces 11 as shown in reference to fig. 1-3, or the embedded parts 3 are arranged on the first surfaces 11 as shown in reference to fig. 4 and 5.

Each embedded part 3 corresponds to one mounting hole 14, and the mounting holes 14 are opened on the head end face 10 of the prefabricated part 1.

In another embodiment, the embedded parts 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the prefabricated part 1 to form a circular ring shape. Each embedment 3 extends axially from the head end face 10 of the preform 1 towards the wedge-shaped end 13.

In a further embodiment, the insert 3 is provided as a bolt sleeve for connecting a blade root bolt.

The prefabricated member 1 can be further provided with a stop structure, and the stop structure is arranged between the embedded part 3 and the wedge-shaped end 13 to limit the axial position of the embedded part 3, so that the working efficiency can be improved, and the yield of the prefabricated member 1 can be improved.

A second aspect of the present utility model provides a blade comprising a blade root structure as described above. The blade has the technical advantage of a blade root structure, which is not described in detail herein.

A third aspect of the utility model provides a wind power plant comprising a blade as described above. The blade has technical advantages of the blade, and is not described in detail herein.

In one embodiment, a wind turbine includes a tower supporting blades, the tower and blades being connected by a hub assembly, wherein an axis of the hub assembly is perpendicular to an axis of the tower, and a spanwise direction of the blades is perpendicular to the axis of the hub assembly.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: there are three cases, a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship, but may also indicate an "and/or" relationship, and may be understood by referring to the context.

In the present utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present utility model, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present utility model.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is to be construed as including any modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A blade root structure comprising:

the prefabricated part (1) is surrounded to form a cylindrical structure, and the material of the prefabricated part (1) comprises any one of high-modulus glass fiber cloth, a pultruded glass plate, a carbon plate or carbon fiber and metal fiber;

a first layer (2) arranged inside and along the tubular structure,

wherein the modulus of the material used for the preform (1) is at least greater than the modulus of the material used for the partial region of the first ply (2).

2. Blade root structure according to claim 1, wherein the preform (1) comprises a radially distributed first surface (11) and a second surface (12), the first surface (11) comprising a first curved surface (111) and a second curved surface (112) axially connected, wherein the first curved surface (111) is parallel to the second surface (12), the second curved surface (112) extends from the trailing end of the first curved surface (111) in a direction away from the leading end of the first curved surface (111) and gradually approaches towards the second surface (12) until intersecting such that the trailing end of the preform (1) forms a wedge-shaped end (13).

3. A blade root structure according to claim 2, wherein the first lay-up (2) extends along the first surface (11) from the head end of the preform (1) to the tail end of the wedge-shaped end (13) and away from the head end of the preform (1), and wherein a side of the first lay-up (2) away from the centre line of the barrel-shaped structure comprises a third curved surface (20) at the wedge-shaped end (13) away from the head end of the preform (1), the third curved surface (20) being in smooth transitional connection with the second surface (12).

4. A blade root structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the first ply (2) comprises a root normal ply (21) and a reinforcing ply (22), the root normal ply (21) comprising a first connection portion (211) and a second connection portion (212) arranged circumferentially, wherein the first connection portion (211) and the reinforcing ply (22) are arranged circumferentially, and the second connection portion (212) axially overlaps the trailing end of the reinforcing ply (22).

5. Blade root structure according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcement layer (22) extends along the first surface (11) from the leading end of the preform (1) to the trailing end of the wedge-shaped end (13) and such that the trailing end face of the reinforcement layer (22) is flush with the second surface (12).

6. Blade root structure according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcement layer (22) is arranged at the blade root structure leading edge and/or wherein the reinforcement layer (22) is arranged at the blade root structure trailing edge.

7. A blade root structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the corresponding central angle in the reinforcement layer (22) is smaller than 90 °.

8. A blade root structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the blade root structure comprises a plurality of embedments (3) arranged at intervals in sequence in the circumferential direction of the preform (1) and extending in the axial direction, the embedments (3) being located between the first surface (11) and the second surface (12) of the preform (1) or the embedments (3) being mounted on the first surface (11).

9. A blade comprising a blade root structure according to any of claims 1-8.

10. A wind power plant comprising a blade as claimed in claim 9.