CN219716919U - Battery cell and battery - Google Patents

Battery cell and battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219716919U
CN219716919U CN202320476068.1U CN202320476068U CN219716919U CN 219716919 U CN219716919 U CN 219716919U CN 202320476068 U CN202320476068 U CN 202320476068U CN 219716919 U CN219716919 U CN 219716919U
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China
Prior art keywords
pole piece
protrusions
separator
electrode sheet
cell
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CN202320476068.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙海明
蒋远富
王亮
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Cornex New Energy Co ltd
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Cornex New Energy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202320476068.1U priority Critical patent/CN219716919U/en
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric core and a battery, which comprise a first diaphragm, a pole piece and a plurality of bulges, wherein the pole piece is provided with an action surface facing the first diaphragm, the bulges are arranged on the action surface of the pole piece, at least part of the bulges are used for dissolving when the temperature of the pole piece exceeds a set temperature so as to form a protective layer for flame retardance on the surface of the pole piece, and at least part of the bulges can elastically deform and prop against the first diaphragm and the pole piece so as to form a gap between the first diaphragm and the pole piece. The battery cell has a flame retardant effect, avoids thermal runaway, can effectively buffer the internal stress of the battery cell, and avoids potential safety hazards caused by expansion deformation.

Description

Battery cell and battery
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell and a battery using the battery cell.
Background
In recent years, along with the promotion of green energy sources by the nation, new energy automobiles are rapidly developed, and the power of the current new energy automobiles mainly comes from power batteries, but the batteries in the related art are easy to generate thermal runaway when in use. When in thermal runaway, the negative electrode SEI film in the battery cell can be decomposed first, then the diaphragm of the battery can be decomposed and melted, and then the negative electrode and electrolyte can be reacted, and then the positive electrode and the electrolyte can be decomposed, so that large-scale internal short circuit can be initiated, combustion of the electrolyte is caused, the combustion can spread to other cells, more serious thermal runaway is caused, and finally the whole battery pack can generate spontaneous combustion and safety accidents.
Secondly, in the process of charging the battery, the battery pole piece becomes thick, and the battery is in an expansion state; in the discharging process of the battery, the pole piece of the battery is thinned, the whole battery is in a contracted state, when the battery is stored for a long time and is charged and discharged circularly, the battery is easy to bulge, the internal stress generated by bulge can deform the battery, and then the internal short circuit of the battery is easy to cause and hidden safety hazards are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides the battery cell which has a flame retardant effect, avoids thermal runaway, can effectively buffer the internal stress of the battery cell, and avoids potential safety hazards caused by expansion deformation.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a battery comprising the battery cell.
The battery cell of the embodiment of the utility model comprises:
a first diaphragm;
a pole piece having an active face facing the first diaphragm;
the protrusions are arranged on the action surface of the pole piece, at least part of the protrusions are used for being dissolved when the temperature of the pole piece exceeds a set temperature so as to form a protective layer for flame retardance on the surface of the pole piece, and at least part of the protrusions can be elastically deformed and propped between the first diaphragm and the pole piece so as to form a gap between the first diaphragm and the pole piece.
The battery cell provided by the embodiment of the utility model has a flame retardant effect, avoids thermal runaway, can effectively buffer the internal stress of the battery cell, and avoids potential safety hazards caused by expansion deformation.
In some embodiments, the electrode sheet includes a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, the first separator is disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a plurality of protrusions are disposed on the active surface of the positive electrode sheet facing the first separator and on the active surface of the negative electrode sheet facing the first separator.
In some embodiments, any adjacent two of the plurality of protrusions on the same active surface are spaced apart on the active surface and form a spacing space between the adjacent two protrusions, the spacing space being for infiltration of electrolyte.
In some embodiments, each of the protrusions on the positive plate is disposed opposite the spacing space on the negative plate, and each of the protrusions on the negative plate is disposed opposite the spacing space on the positive plate.
In some embodiments, a second separator is included, one of the negative and positive plates being located between the first and second separators.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet, the first separator, the positive electrode sheet, and the second separator are stacked in order.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet, the first separator, the positive electrode sheet, the second separator are arranged in a wound arrangement, and the second separator is located inside the first separator.
In some embodiments, the plurality of protrusions are divided into a plurality of protrusion groups, the plurality of protrusion groups are spaced apart along a first direction of the pole piece, each protrusion group comprises a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions of each protrusion group are spaced apart along a second direction of the pole piece.
In some embodiments, the surface of the protrusion is curved.
The battery of an embodiment of the utility model comprises a cell as described in any of the embodiments above.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cell according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
a first diaphragm 1;
a pole piece 2; a positive electrode sheet 21; a negative electrode sheet 22;
a protrusion 4;
the space 5 is spaced.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery cell according to the embodiment of the present utility model includes a first separator 1, a pole piece 2, and a plurality of protrusions 4.
The material of the first separator 1 may be polyolefin, and specifically may be polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), a composite material formed by polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene (PE). The first diaphragm 1 mainly plays a role in separating the pole pieces 2, and short circuit caused by contact between the pole pieces 2 of the battery cell is avoided.
The pole piece 2 has an active surface facing the first diaphragm 1, for example, the pole piece 2 may be specifically a positive pole piece 21 or a negative pole piece 22 of an electrical core, and the first diaphragm 1 may be located on an upper side of the pole piece 2, where an upper surface of the pole piece 2 forms the active surface.
The plurality of protrusions 4 are arranged on the action surface of the pole piece 2 and uniformly distributed on the action surface, for example, the protrusions 4 can be made of silica gel, specifically polyurethane gel, the protrusions 4 can be coated on the action surface of the pole piece 2, and the plurality of protrusions 4 can be in a rectangular array and uniformly distributed on the action surface.
When the battery core is out of control, the temperature of the pole piece 2 can be increased, a part of the bulges 4 can be heated into liquid state from solid state under the action of high temperature, the melted liquid polyurethane adhesive can cover the surface of the pole piece 2 and form a protective layer, and the protective layer can separate the anode and cathode materials on the pole piece 2 from air or oxygen or electrolyte, so that a flame retardant effect is achieved. In other embodiments, when the temperature of the pole piece 2 increases, all of the protrusions 4 may be heated from a solid state to a liquid state and form a protective layer.
Secondly, the protrusions 4 have the capability of elastic deformation, and after the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2 are assembled, the protrusions 4 can prop against between the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2. Therefore, in the process of charging the battery cell, the pole piece 2 can be thickened, the internal stress of the battery cell can be increased, and the bulge 4 can be extruded and deformed under the action of the internal stress, so that the effect of buffering the internal stress is achieved.
Secondly, a gap is formed between the first diaphragm 1 and the region of the pole piece 2 where the protrusion 4 is not arranged, and the gap can also provide a release space for the expansion of the pole piece 2, so that the condition of larger internal stress is avoided.
The battery cell provided by the embodiment of the utility model has a flame retardant effect, namely, the protective layer formed by melting the protrusions 4 can block the further reaction of the thermal runaway battery, so that an inerting effect is achieved, the reaction inside the battery cell and between the batteries is quickly relieved, the battery cell in a 'soaking-default' state and the self-extinguishing effect of the battery cell are realized, and the safety of the battery cell is improved.
According to the characteristic that the polyurethane adhesive is pressed and deformed, the battery pole piece 2 is thickened in the charging process, the battery is in an expansion state, and the expansion of the pole piece 2 can be released in a non-salient point area (a gap between the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2).
The existence of the gap between the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2 can also enable lithium ions to conveniently pass through the diaphragm, so that the speed of shuttling of lithium ions between the anode and the cathode and the diaphragm is accelerated, meanwhile, the internal resistance is reduced, the generation of lithium precipitation can be reduced, and the performance of the battery cell is improved.
Secondly, the battery cell has the maximum expansion at the time of charging completion, at this moment, each salient point can be compressed, the pole piece 2 becomes thin in the discharging process, the whole battery cell is in a contracted state, and each salient point can be slowly recovered, so that the battery cell has a better cycle life in the process of charging and discharging. Meanwhile, the formation area of the SEI film is larger due to the existence of the salient points, so that the effect of further improving the performance is achieved.
In addition, the existence of the gap between the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2 is also convenient for the electrolyte to permeate between the first diaphragm 1 and the pole piece 2, so that the lifting battery cell can be in a better infiltration state.
In some embodiments, two pole pieces 2 of the battery core may be provided, the two pole pieces 2 are respectively a positive pole piece 21 and a negative pole piece 22, the first diaphragm 1 is disposed between the positive pole piece 21 and the negative pole piece 22, and a plurality of protrusions 4 are disposed on an acting surface of the positive pole piece 21 facing the first diaphragm 1 and an acting surface of the negative pole piece 22 facing the first diaphragm 1.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the positive electrode sheet 21 may be disposed above the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1 may be located between the positive electrode sheet 21 and the negative electrode sheet 22, wherein a lower surface of the positive electrode sheet 21 forms an active surface, and the lower surface of the positive electrode sheet 21 may be uniformly arranged with a plurality of protrusions 4. The upper surface of the negative electrode sheet 22 forms an active surface, and the upper surface of the negative electrode sheet 22 may be uniformly arranged with a plurality of protrusions 4.
Therefore, when the heat is out of control, the positive plate 21 and the negative plate 22 can be provided with protective layers, so that the effect of isolating materials on the positive plate 21 and the negative plate 22 is achieved, the flame-retardant effect is achieved, and the use safety is further improved.
In some embodiments, any two adjacent protrusions 4 of the plurality of protrusions 4 on the same active surface are spaced apart on the active surface and a space 5 is formed between the two adjacent protrusions 4, the space 5 being for the electrolyte to permeate.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of protrusions 4 on the positive electrode sheet 21 or the negative electrode sheet 22 may be arranged at intervals, that is, any two adjacent protrusions 4 may be arranged at a certain distance, and the area between the two protrusions 4 may form an interval space 5. The formed interval space 5 can provide an expansion space for the pole piece 2 on one hand, so that the condition of excessive internal stress is avoided, and on the other hand, electrolyte can flow in, so that the electrolyte is convenient to permeate, and the battery cell is in a better infiltration state.
In some embodiments, each protrusion 4 on the positive electrode sheet 21 is disposed opposite the spacing space 5 on the negative electrode sheet 22, and each protrusion 4 on the negative electrode sheet 22 is disposed opposite the spacing space 5 on the positive electrode sheet 21.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of protrusions 4 on the positive electrode sheet 21 and the plurality of protrusions 4 on the negative electrode sheet 22 may be arranged in a staggered manner, that is, in the up-down direction, the plurality of protrusions 4 on the positive electrode sheet 21 may be opposite to the plurality of spacing spaces 5 on the negative electrode sheet 22, and the plurality of protrusions 4 on the negative electrode sheet 22 may be opposite to the plurality of spacing spaces 5 on the positive electrode sheet 21.
Therefore, after the battery cell is assembled, the bulge 4 on the positive plate 21 has the effect of being inserted into the interval space 5 on the negative plate 22, the bulge 4 on the negative plate 22 has the effect of being inserted into the interval space 5 on the positive plate 21, and the deformation space is improved for the deformation of the bulge 4, so that the positioning of the diaphragm is also facilitated.
In some embodiments, the cell includes a second separator, and one of the negative electrode sheet 22 and the positive electrode sheet 21 is located between the first separator 1 and the second separator. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the material of the second separator may be the same as that of the first separator 1, the first separator 1 may be disposed above the negative electrode plate 22, the positive electrode plate 21 may be disposed above the first separator 1, and the second separator may be disposed above the positive electrode plate 21, thereby playing an insulating and separating role and ensuring safety.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1, the positive electrode sheet 21, and the second separator are stacked in this order. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1, the positive electrode sheet 21, and the second separator may all be rectangular, and the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1, the positive electrode sheet 21, and the second separator may be stacked in order in the bottom-up direction.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1, the positive electrode sheet 21, the second separator are arranged in a wound arrangement, and the second separator is located inside the first separator 1. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the battery cell may be a winding core, that is, the negative electrode sheet 22, the first separator 1, the positive electrode sheet 21, and the second separator of the battery cell may be wound, where the second separator is located at the innermost side, the positive electrode sheet 21 is located at the outer side of the second separator, the first separator 1 is located at the outer side of the positive electrode sheet 21, and the negative electrode sheet 22 is located at the outer side of the first separator 1.
In some embodiments, the plurality of protrusions 4 are divided into a plurality of protrusion 4 groups, the plurality of protrusion 4 groups are spaced apart along the first direction of the pole piece 2, each protrusion 4 group includes a plurality of protrusions 4, and the plurality of protrusions 4 of each protrusion 4 group are spaced apart along the second direction of the pole piece 2.
For example, the pole piece 2 may be rectangular, the first direction may be a width direction of the pole piece 2, the second direction may be a length direction of the pole piece 2, the plurality of protrusion 4 groups may be arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the pole piece 2, and the plurality of protrusions 4 in each protrusion 4 group may be arranged at equal intervals along the length direction (may be regarded as a left-right direction in fig. 1) of the pole piece 2. Therefore, the protrusions 4 are uniformly distributed, and the consistency of the performance of each cell is ensured.
In some embodiments, the surface of the protrusion 4 is curved. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the protrusion 4 may be hemispherical, and the surface of the protrusion 4 may be hemispherical, so that the protrusion 4 may be in point contact with the first membrane 1, which is beneficial for reducing the acting area, and in addition, the elastic deformation performance of the protrusion 4 may also be provided.
The battery according to the embodiment of the present utility model is described below.
The battery of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a battery cell, and the battery cell can be the battery cell described in any embodiment. The battery may specifically be a lithium battery, but may also be other types of batteries.
The battery provided by the embodiment of the utility model has a flame retardant effect, avoids thermal runaway, can effectively buffer the internal stress of the battery core, avoids potential safety hazards caused by expansion deformation, and ensures the use safety.
While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A cell, comprising:
a first diaphragm;
a pole piece having an active face facing the first diaphragm;
the protrusions are arranged on the action surface of the pole piece, at least part of the protrusions are used for being dissolved when the temperature of the pole piece exceeds a set temperature so as to form a protective layer for flame retardance on the surface of the pole piece, and at least part of the protrusions can be elastically deformed and propped between the first diaphragm and the pole piece so as to form a gap between the first diaphragm and the pole piece.
2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, the first separator is disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a plurality of protrusions are disposed on the active surface of the positive electrode sheet facing the first separator and the active surface of the negative electrode sheet facing the first separator.
3. The cell of claim 2, wherein any adjacent two of the plurality of protrusions on the same active surface are spaced apart on the active surface and form a spacing space between adjacent two of the protrusions, the spacing space being for electrolyte penetration.
4. A cell according to claim 3, wherein each of the protrusions on the positive plate is disposed opposite the spacing space on the negative plate, and each of the protrusions on the negative plate is disposed opposite the spacing space on the positive plate.
5. The cell of claim 2, comprising a second separator, wherein one of the negative and positive plates is located between the first and second separators.
6. The cell of claim 5, wherein the negative electrode sheet, the first separator, the positive electrode sheet, and the second separator are stacked in order.
7. The cell of claim 5, wherein the negative plate, the first separator, the positive plate, the second separator are arranged in a wound configuration, and the second separator is located inside the first separator.
8. The cell of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions are divided into a plurality of protrusion groups, the plurality of protrusion groups are spaced apart along a first direction of the pole piece, each protrusion group comprises a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions of each protrusion group are spaced apart along a second direction of the pole piece.
9. The cell of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the surface of the protrusion is curved.
10. A battery comprising a cell according to any of the preceding claims 1-9.
CN202320476068.1U 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 Battery cell and battery Active CN219716919U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320476068.1U CN219716919U (en) 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 Battery cell and battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320476068.1U CN219716919U (en) 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 Battery cell and battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219716919U true CN219716919U (en) 2023-09-19

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ID=87997295

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202320476068.1U Active CN219716919U (en) 2023-03-13 2023-03-13 Battery cell and battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN219716919U (en)

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