CN219611458U - Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and relates to the technical field of motors. The permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets. The rotor core comprises a plurality of sections of core sections, the sections of core sections are fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each core section comprises a rotor ventilation slot plate and a plurality of rotor punching sheets which are sequentially laminated together; the rotor ventilation groove plate is provided with a plurality of protruding parts close to the end face of the rotor punching sheet, a plurality of first radial ventilation channels are formed between the rotor ventilation groove plate and the rotor punching sheet by the plurality of protruding parts, a plurality of through grooves are penetrated and arranged on the iron core section, and the plurality of through grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the iron core section; the permanent magnets are fixed in the through grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner. According to the utility model, the plurality of radial ventilation channels are added in each iron core section of the rotor iron core, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole permanent magnet rotor is improved, the temperature of the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet arranged in the rotor iron core is reduced, and the permanent magnet high-temperature loss of magnetism is avoided.

Description

Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background technique

As an important driving force in the industrial field, the electric motor urgently needs to improve its efficiency and power factor to achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. Traditional synchronous motors are all electrically excited, which generates a magnetic field by passing current into the field winding, and there is often reactive current in the stator winding, which leads to large reactive power consumption and low power factor. Such as fans, water pumps, compressors and other application scenarios that run at a continuous, constant speed and in one direction. Ordinary asynchronous motors are gradually being replaced by permanent magnet motors due to the waste of electric energy caused by efficiency and power factor. At the same time, the operating speed of many industrial machines needs to be set and adjusted arbitrarily. With the development of drive control technology, more and more variable frequency power supplies and permanent magnet synchronous speed control systems are used in the industrial field, and traditional motors are no longer dominant. The variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor is gradually becoming the main product in this field due to its small size and wide range of high-efficiency zones.

Traditional electric excitation synchronous motor rotor has complex structure and needs rectification, which is connected to the excitation winding to generate excitation. Excitation system is required. There are many links, complex structure, and prone to failure. The permanent magnet excitation simplifies the structure and improves the efficiency and power factor. , the reliability of the motor has been greatly improved. At present, the temperature difference between the stator and the rotor of the permanent magnet excitation motor is large, and the heat dissipation performance of the rotor is poor. When the temperature of the rotor and the permanent magnet is high, it is easy to cause the permanent magnet to demagnetize at high temperature and affect the power density of the motor. .

Utility model content

The main purpose of this application is to provide a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation of the rotor mentioned in the prior art. When the temperature of the rotor and the permanent magnet is high, it is easy to cause the permanent magnet to lose its magnetism at high temperature. question.

According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a permanent magnet rotor is provided, including:

shaft;

The rotor core, the rotor core includes a plurality of iron core segments fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each of the iron core segments includes rotor ventilation stacked together in sequence Slot plates and multi-piece rotor punches;

A plurality of protrusions are provided on the end surface of the rotor ventilation slot plate close to the rotor punch, and the plurality of protrusions form a plurality of first diameters between the rotor ventilation slot plate and the rotor punch. To the air passage, a plurality of through slots are provided through the iron core segment, and the plurality of through slots are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core segment;

A plurality of permanent magnets are fixed in the through slots in a one-to-one correspondence.

Further, it also includes:

A spacer, the spacer is arranged between two adjacent iron core segments so that a second radial air passage is formed between two adjacent iron core segments, and the spacer is fixed on the adjacent On the permanent magnet arranged in at least one of the two iron core segments.

Further, the end of the permanent magnet is provided with a fixing groove, and the spacer is provided with a tenon matching the fixing groove, and the tenon is embedded in the fixing groove and fixedly connected with the fixing groove.

Further, there are multiple spacers, and the ends of the permanent magnets are provided with a plurality of fixing grooves at intervals, and the spacers are fixedly connected to the fixing grooves in one-to-one correspondence.

Further, the protrusion is a strip rib fixed on the rotor ventilation slot plate, and the length direction of the strip rib extends along the radial direction of the rotor ventilation slot plate.

Further, the protrusion is a strip rib fixed on the rotor ventilation slot plate, and at least one avoidance groove is provided on opposite sides of the strip rib, and the escape groove is arranged along the strip rib. extending in the length direction.

Further, a plurality of axial ventilation passages are provided through each of the iron core segments, and the plurality of axial ventilation passages are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core segments while avoiding the through slots.

According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a permanent magnet synchronous motor is also provided, including:

A machine base, the machine base is provided with an installation cavity;

a stator assembly, the stator assembly is arranged in the installation cavity;

A permanent magnet rotor, the permanent magnet rotor is arranged in the stator assembly.

Further, the installation cavity has a first reserved cavity and a second reserved cavity, the stator assembly is located between the first reserved cavity and the second reserved cavity, and the first reserved cavity Both the chamber and the second reserved chamber are provided with ventilation ports, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes:

A cooler, the cooler is fixed on the base, the cooler has a plurality of heat exchange ports, and the heat exchange ports communicate with the air exchange ports one by one;

The inner air path guide assembly, the inner air path air guide assembly is fixed in the machine base and located in the first reserved cavity or the second reserved cavity.

Further, the installation cavity has a first reserved cavity and a second reserved cavity, the stator assembly is located between the first reserved cavity and the second reserved cavity, and the first reserved cavity Both the chamber and the second reserved chamber are provided with ventilation ports, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes:

A cooler, the cooler is fixed on the base, the cooler has an air inlet and a plurality of heat exchange ports, and the heat exchange ports communicate with the air exchange ports one by one;

An outer wind cover, the outer wind cover is fixed at one end of the base, the outer wind cover is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet communicates with the air inlet;

An external air path air guiding assembly, the external air path air guiding assembly is arranged in the external air cover.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application at least has the following technical effects:

The embodiment of the present application improves the heat dissipation performance of the entire permanent magnet rotor by adding a plurality of radial ventilation passages in each section of the rotor core, thereby reducing the temperature of the rotor core and the permanent magnets arranged therein, and avoiding high temperature of the permanent magnets loss of magnetism.

Description of drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the application and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an improper limitation to the application. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnet rotor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of permanent magnet and spacer;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the rotor ventilation slot plate;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view cut from A-A of the rotor ventilation slot plate in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the permanent magnet rotor in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference signs:

10. Permanent magnet rotor; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Rotor core; 121. Iron core segment; 1211. Rotor ventilation groove plate; 2111. Protrusion; 1111. Avoidance groove; , rotor punching; 1213, through slot; 2131, air isolation bridge; 1214, axial air duct; 1215, connecting hole; 13, permanent magnet; 131, fixing groove; 14, spacer; 141, tenon; 15. Rotor end plate; 16. Tension stud; 20. Machine base; 21. Installation cavity; 211. First reserved cavity; 212. Second reserved cavity; 213. Replacement Air port; 30, stator assembly; 40, cooler; 41, heat exchange port; 42, air inlet; 51, inner fan; 52, windshield; 60, outer wind cover; 61, air outlet; 70, outer fan.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only, and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

The first embodiment of the present utility model provides a permanent magnet rotor 10, please refer to Fig. 1, the permanent magnet rotor 10 includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12 and a plurality of permanent magnets 13, the rotor core 12 is fixed with an interference fit on shaft 11. The rotor core 12 includes a plurality of iron core segments 121, which are fixed on the rotating shaft 11 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11, and each iron core segment 121 includes a rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and a plurality of rotor punches stacked together in sequence. Sheet 1212. Each iron core section 121 is provided with a connection hole 1215 , and the two ends of the rotor iron core 12 are provided with a rotor end plate 15 , and the tightening stud 16 passes through the connection hole 1215 and cooperates with the rotor end plate 15 to tension and fix each iron core section 121 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, each iron core segment 121 has two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 , and the two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 are stacked on both ends of the iron core segment 121 respectively. Among them, the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 2111 on the end surface close to the rotor punching plate 1212, and the plurality of protrusions 2111 form a plurality of first radial ventilation lines between the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching plate 1212. 2112, when both ends of the iron core section 121 are stacked with rotor ventilation grooves 1211, both ends of the iron core section 121 will have a plurality of first radial air passages 2112, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the entire rotor core 12 performance. The iron core segment 121 is provided with a plurality of through slots 1213 at intervals along the circumference of the iron core segment 121, that is, the through slots 1213 run through the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching plate 1212, and ventilate along the rotor. The groove plate 1211 and the rotor plate 1212 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The axial length of the permanent magnet 13 is determined according to the size of the iron core section 121. The axial length of each section of the permanent magnet 13 is the same as the length of the through groove 1213 that runs through the iron core section 121, and the permanent magnets 13 are fixed in the through groove 1213 one by one. And the through slot 1213 is reserved with an air isolation bridge 2131 .

The permanent magnet rotor 10 provided by the embodiment of the present utility model also includes a spacer 14, the spacer 14 is arranged on the permanent magnet 13 arranged in the iron core section 121, and the spacer 14 separates the permanent magnet 13 from the two adjacent iron core sections 121 Open, and form a second radial ventilation channel 142 between two adjacent iron core segments 121 . Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 , the end of the permanent magnet 13 is provided with a fixing groove 131 , and the spacer 14 is provided with a tenon 141 matching the fixing groove 131 , and the tenon 141 is embedded in the fixing groove 131 and fixedly connected with the fixing groove 131 . There are a plurality of spacers 14 , and a plurality of fixing grooves 131 are arranged at opposite intervals at the ends of the permanent magnet 13 , and the spacers 14 are fixedly connected to the fixing grooves 131 one by one. A plurality of spacers 14 are firmly bonded to the permanent magnets 13 as support columns. Because the axial length of the permanent magnets 13 is the same as that of the iron core segment 121, the permanent magnets 13 are inserted through the slots 1213 of the iron core segment 121. The spacers 14 Fixed on the permanent magnet 13, the adjacent two iron core segments 121 and the permanent magnet 13 can be separated, and the second radial air passage 142 formed between the adjacent two iron core segments 121 by the spacer 14 further increases the rotor capacity. The heat dissipation area of the iron core 12 is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the rotor iron core 12 and the permanent magnet 13 disposed therein, and avoid the risk of high temperature demagnetization of the permanent magnet 13 . The spacer 14 can be a column structure or a slat structure.

Please refer to Fig. 3. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the protrusion 2111 provided on the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 is a strip-shaped rib fixed on the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211, and the length direction of the strip-shaped rib is along the rotor ventilation slot plate. 1211 radial extension. As shown in Figure 4, at least one escape groove 1111 is provided on opposite sides of the strip rib, and the escape groove 1111 extends along the length direction of the strip rib. The gaps between the strip ribs form the first radial air passage 2112 between the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punch 1212, and the escape groove 1111 can increase the ventilation area of the first radial air passage 2112, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation performance. Specifically, I-beams can be selected for the strip ribs. The first radial ventilation channel 2112 on each iron core segment 121 is composed of two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 and a plurality of I-beams of different lengths. The I-beams of different lengths are arranged in a distributed manner. On the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211, multiple pieces of I-beams are spot-welded with the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211, and the raised portion 2111 leaf can be made of a thin steel plate, and the thin steel plate is riveted or welded on the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211.

Please refer to Fig. 5 , each iron core section 121 of the embodiment of the present utility model is also provided with a plurality of axial ventilation passages 1214, and the plurality of axial ventilation passages 1214 avoid the circumferential interval of the through groove 1213 along the iron core section 121 set up. Specifically, the axial ventilation channel 1214 runs through the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching plate 1212, and the plurality of first radial ventilation channels 2112, the plurality of second radial ventilation channels 142 and the plurality of axial ventilation channels 1214 jointly increase the The ventilation and heat dissipation area of the iron core 12 reduces the temperature of the rotor iron core 12 and its internal permanent magnet 13 .

The embodiment of the utility model improves the heat dissipation performance of the entire permanent magnet rotor 10 by adding a plurality of radial air passages in the core segments 121 of each section of the rotor core 12, thereby reducing the heat dissipation of the rotor core 12 and the permanent magnets 13 arranged therein. temperature, to avoid permanent magnet 13 demagnetization at high temperature.

The second embodiment of the utility model also provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a base 20, a stator assembly 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10 provided in the first embodiment of the utility model. An installation cavity 21 is disposed in the base 20 . The stator assembly 30 is disposed in the installation cavity 21 . The permanent magnet rotor 10 is arranged in the stator assembly 30, including the stator assembly 30 including a stator core and winding coils, and the winding coils are arranged on the stator core.

Wherein, the installation cavity 21 has a first reserved cavity 211 and a second reserved cavity 212, the stator assembly 30 is located between the first reserved cavity 211 and the second reserved cavity 212, and the first reserved cavity 211 and the second reserved cavity The reserved chambers 212 are all provided with ventilation ports 213. The permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes a cooler 40 and an inner air path guide assembly. The cooler 40 is fixed on the machine base 20. The cooler 40 has a plurality of heat exchange ports 41. , the heat exchange ports 41 communicate with the air exchange ports 213 one by one, so that the hot air in the permanent magnet synchronous motor enters the cooler 40 for cooling, thereby reducing the temperature of the stator assembly 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10 . The air guide assembly of the inner air path is fixed in the base 20 and located in the first reserved cavity 211 or the second reserved cavity 212 . As shown in FIG. 6 , the inner air path guide assembly is located in the first reserved cavity 211 , and the inner air path air guide assembly includes an inner fan 51 and a windshield 52 . The inner fan 51 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11 of the permanent magnet rotor 10, and the inner fan 51 is a centrifugal fan or an axial fan, and the axial fan is suitable for use scenarios with high speed and high noise requirements. The inner fan 51 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11 through a key and a retaining ring. The windshield 52 is fixed in the frame 20 and is located between the inner fan 51 and the end of the winding coil of the stator assembly 30, and the windshield 52 guides the hot air from the stator assembly 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10 to be discharged from the inlet of the inner fan 51 , to participate in the cooling cycle.

The permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes an outer wind cover 60 and an outer air path air guide assembly. The cooler 40 also has an air inlet 42 . The outer wind cover 60 is fixed on one end of the machine base 20 , and the outer wind cover 60 is provided with an air outlet 61 , and the air outlet 61 communicates with the air inlet 42 . The air guide assembly of the outer air path is arranged in the outer wind cover 60. Specifically, the air guide assembly of the outer air path includes an outer fan 70, which is a centrifugal fan. The non-shaft end is fixedly connected, and the external fan 70 is used to stir the cold air into the cooler 40, and perform heat exchange with the hot air coming out of the base 20, reducing the temperature difference between the stator assembly 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10, and avoiding the permanent magnet rotor 10. High temperature loss of magnetism.

In the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of radial air passages and axial air passages are provided on the permanent magnet rotor 10, and a cooler 40 is provided on the machine base 20, which solves the problem of large temperature difference between the stator and the rotor. The problem is that the temperature of the rotor core 12 and the permanent magnet 13 can be effectively reduced, the risk of loss of magnetism of the permanent magnet 13 at high temperature can be avoided, and the power density of the motor can be improved. The high-voltage variable-frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor with permanent magnet rotor 10 provided by the embodiment of the utility model has constant torque characteristics within the rated frequency range, high efficiency within the range of 25% to 120% load rate, wide range of high-efficiency range, and high power It has the advantages of high factor, low temperature rise, small vibration and low noise.

For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. under other devices or configurations". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. To limit the protection scope of this application.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A permanent magnet rotor (10), characterized in that, comprising: shaft (11); A rotor core (12), the rotor core (12) includes a plurality of iron core segments (121), and the plurality of iron core segments (121) are fixed on the rotating shaft (11) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (11) ), each of the core segments (121) includes a rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) and a plurality of rotor punches (1212) stacked together in sequence; The rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (2111) on the end surface close to the rotor punch (1212), and the plurality of protrusions (2111) are arranged on the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) ) and the rotor punch (1212) form a plurality of first radial ventilation passages (2112), the iron core segment (121) is provided with a plurality of through slots (1213), and a plurality of the passages Slots (1213) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core segment (121); A plurality of permanent magnets (13), the permanent magnets (13) are fixed in the through groove (1213) in a one-to-one correspondence. 2. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 1, further comprising: A spacer (14), the spacer (14) is arranged between two adjacent iron core segments (121) so that a second radial direction is formed between two adjacent iron core segments (121). An air duct (142), and the spacer (14) is fixed on the permanent magnet (13) arranged in at least one of the two adjacent iron core segments (121). 3. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, the end of the permanent magnet (13) is provided with a fixing groove (131), and the spacer (14) is provided with a A tenon (141) matching the fixing groove (131), the tenon (141) is embedded in the fixing groove (131) and fixedly connected with the fixing groove (131). 4. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the spacer (14) has a plurality, and the ends of the permanent magnet (13) are provided with a plurality of fixed slot (131), and the spacer (14) is fixedly connected to the fixing slot (131) one by one. 5. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the raised portion (2111) is a strip-shaped rib fixed on the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211), The length direction of the strip ribs extends along the radial direction of the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211). 6. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one avoidance groove (1111) is provided on opposite sides of the strip rib, and the avoidance groove (1111) is along the The longitudinal direction of the strip rib extends. 7. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, each of the iron core segments (121) is also provided with a plurality of axial ventilation passages (1214), a plurality of The axial ventilation channel (1214) avoids the through slot (1213) and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core segment (121). 8. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that, comprising: A base (20), the base (20) is provided with an installation cavity (21); a stator assembly (30), the stator assembly (30) is arranged in the installation cavity (21); The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the permanent magnet rotor (10) is arranged in the stator assembly (30). 9. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, the installation cavity (21) has a first reserved cavity (211) and a second reserved cavity (212), and the stator assembly ( 30) Located between the first reserved cavity (211) and the second reserved cavity (212), the first reserved cavity (211) and the second reserved cavity (212) are both set There is an air exchange port (213), and the permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes: A cooler (40), the cooler (40) is fixed on the base (20), the cooler (40) has a plurality of heat exchange ports (41), and the heat exchange ports (41 ) communicate with the ventilation port (213) one by one; An inner air path guide assembly, the inner air path air guide assembly is fixed in the base (20) and located in the first reserved cavity (211) or the second reserved cavity (212) . 10. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, the installation cavity (21) has a first reserved cavity (211) and a second reserved cavity (212), and the stator assembly ( 30) Located between the first reserved cavity (211) and the second reserved cavity (212), the first reserved cavity (211) and the second reserved cavity (212) are both set There is an air exchange port (213), and the permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes: A cooler (40), the cooler (40) is fixed on the base (20), the cooler (40) has an air inlet (42) and a plurality of heat exchange ports (41), the The heat exchange port (41) communicates with the air exchange port (213) one by one; Outer wind cover (60), described outer wind cover (60) is fixed on one end of described machine base (20), and described outer wind cover (60) is provided with air outlet (61), and described air outlet (61) and The air inlet (42) is connected; An external air path air guiding assembly, the external air path air guiding assembly is arranged inside the external air cover (60).