CN219611458U

CN219611458U - Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

Info

Publication number: CN219611458U
Application number: CN202223202624.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙庆玲; 刘玉宝; 吴宣东; 曲振业; 姚金艳; 王晓俊; 王晓辉; 范晓彬; 王博文
Original assignee: Wolong Electric Group Co Ltd; Wolong Electric Nanyang Explosion Protection Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wolong Electric Drive Group Co Ltd; Wolong Electric Nanyang Explosion Protection Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-29
Filing date: 2022-11-29
Publication date: 2023-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and relates to the technical field of motors. The permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets. The rotor core comprises a plurality of sections of core sections, the sections of core sections are fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each core section comprises a rotor ventilation slot plate and a plurality of rotor punching sheets which are sequentially laminated together; the rotor ventilation groove plate is provided with a plurality of protruding parts close to the end face of the rotor punching sheet, a plurality of first radial ventilation channels are formed between the rotor ventilation groove plate and the rotor punching sheet by the plurality of protruding parts, a plurality of through grooves are penetrated and arranged on the iron core section, and the plurality of through grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the iron core section; the permanent magnets are fixed in the through grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner. According to the utility model, the plurality of radial ventilation channels are added in each iron core section of the rotor iron core, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole permanent magnet rotor is improved, the temperature of the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet arranged in the rotor iron core is reduced, and the permanent magnet high-temperature loss of magnetism is avoided.

Description

Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background

The motor is used as an important motive power in the industrial field, and the efficiency and the power factor of the motor are required to be improved, so that the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. The traditional synchronous motors are all electrically excited, a magnetic field is generated by introducing current into an exciting winding, reactive current is also often present in a stator winding, reactive power consumption is high, and power factor is low. For example, in the application scenario that fans, water pumps, compressors and the like run continuously, at constant speed and in one direction, the common asynchronous motor is gradually replaced by the permanent magnet motor due to waste of electric energy caused by efficiency, power factor and the like. Meanwhile, the running speed of many industrial machines needs to be set and regulated at will, with the development of drive control technology, the industrial field increasingly adopts a variable-frequency power supply and a permanent magnet synchronous speed regulation system, and the traditional motor is not dominant. The variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor is becoming a main product in the field due to the advantages of small volume, wide high-efficiency area range and the like.

The traditional electric excitation synchronous motor rotor is complex in structure, needs rectification, is excited by an excitation winding to generate excitation, needs an excitation system, is multiple in links, is complex in structure and easy to fail, adopts permanent magnet excitation, simplifies the structure, improves the efficiency and the power factor, greatly improves the reliability of the motor, and at present, the temperature difference between a stator and a rotor of the motor excited by the permanent magnet is large, the heat dissipation performance of the rotor is poor, and when the temperature of the rotor and the permanent magnet is higher, the permanent magnet is easy to lose magnetism at high temperature, and the power density of the motor is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which are used for solving the problems that the rotor has poor heat radiation performance and the permanent magnet is easy to lose magnetism at high temperature when the temperature of the rotor and the permanent magnet is higher in the prior art.

According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a permanent magnet rotor comprising:

a rotating shaft;

the rotor iron core comprises a plurality of sections of iron core sections, the sections of iron core sections are fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each iron core section comprises a rotor ventilation slot plate and a plurality of rotor punching sheets which are sequentially laminated together;

the rotor ventilation groove plate is provided with a plurality of protruding parts close to the end face of the rotor punching sheet, a plurality of first radial ventilation channels are formed between the rotor ventilation groove plate and the rotor punching sheet by the protruding parts, a plurality of through grooves are penetrated and arranged on the iron core section, and the through grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the iron core section;

the permanent magnets are fixed in the through grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Further, the method further comprises the following steps:

the spacer is arranged between two adjacent iron core sections so as to form a second radial ventilation channel between the two adjacent iron core sections, and the spacer is fixed on a permanent magnet arranged in at least one of the two adjacent iron core sections.

Further, a fixing groove is formed in the end portion of the permanent magnet, a tenon matched with the fixing groove is arranged on the spacer, and the tenon is embedded into the fixing groove and fixedly connected with the fixing groove.

Further, the distance piece has a plurality ofly, the tip of permanent magnet is provided with a plurality of fixed slots relatively at the interval, the distance piece with fixed slot one-to-one correspondence fixed connection.

Further, the protruding portion is a bar-shaped rib fixed on the rotor ventilation groove plate, and the length direction of the bar-shaped rib extends along the radial direction of the rotor ventilation groove plate.

Further, the protruding portion is a strip-shaped rib fixed on the rotor ventilation groove plate, at least one avoidance groove is formed in two opposite sides of the strip-shaped rib, and the avoidance groove extends along the length direction of the strip-shaped rib.

Further, a plurality of axial air channels are further arranged on each iron core section in a penetrating mode, and the axial air channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core section in a mode of avoiding the through grooves.

According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present utility model, there is also provided a permanent magnet synchronous motor including:

the device comprises a machine base, wherein an installation cavity is arranged in the machine base;

a stator assembly disposed within the mounting cavity;

and the permanent magnet rotor is arranged in the stator assembly.

Further, the installation cavity has first reservation chamber and second reservation chamber, the stator module is located first reservation chamber with between the second reservation chamber, first reservation chamber with the second reservation chamber all is provided with the scavenge port, permanent magnet synchronous motor still includes:

the cooler is fixed on the base and is provided with a plurality of heat exchange ports which are communicated with the ventilation ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the inner air duct air guide assembly is fixed in the base and is positioned in the first reserved cavity or the second reserved cavity.

the cooler is fixed on the machine base and is provided with an air inlet and a plurality of heat exchange ports, and the heat exchange ports are communicated with the air exchange ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the outer fan cover is fixed at one end of the machine base and is provided with an air outlet which is communicated with the air inlet;

the outer air duct air guide assembly is arranged in the outer air cover.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has at least the following technical effects:

according to the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of radial ventilation channels are added in each iron core section of the rotor iron core, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole permanent magnet rotor is improved, the temperature of the rotor iron core and the permanent magnet arranged in the rotor iron core is reduced, and the permanent magnet high-temperature loss of magnetism is avoided.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet rotor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled configuration of a permanent magnet and a spacer;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor ventilation slot plate;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor ventilation slot plate of FIG. 3 taken from A-A;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet rotor of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a permanent magnet rotor; 11. a rotating shaft; 12. a rotor core; 121. a core segment; 1211. rotor ventilation slot plate; 2111. a boss; 1111. an avoidance groove; 2112. a first radial air duct; 1212. rotor punching; 1213. a through groove; 2131. an air magnetic isolation bridge; 1214. an axial air duct; 1215. a connection hole; 13. a permanent magnet; 131. a fixing groove; 14. a spacer; 141. a tenon; 142. a second radial air duct; 15. a rotor end plate; 16. tensioning the stud; 20. a base; 21. installing a cavity; 211. a first preformed cavity; 212. a second preformed chamber; 213. a ventilation port; 30. a stator assembly; 40. a cooler; 41. a heat exchange through port; 42. an air inlet; 51. an inner fan; 52. a wind deflector; 60. an outer fan cover; 61. an air outlet; 70. an outer fan.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the authorization specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

A first embodiment of the present utility model provides a permanent magnet rotor 10, referring to fig. 1, the permanent magnet rotor 10 includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12 and a plurality of permanent magnets 13, and the rotor core 12 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11 in an interference fit manner. The rotor core 12 includes a plurality of core segments 121, the plurality of core segments 121 being fixed to the rotating shaft 11 along an axial direction of the rotating shaft 11, each core segment 121 including a rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and a plurality of rotor punching pieces 1212 stacked in order. Each core segment 121 is provided with a connecting hole 1215 in a penetrating manner, rotor end plates 15 are arranged at two ends of the rotor core 12, and tensioning studs 16 penetrate through the connecting holes 1215 and are matched with the rotor end plates 15 to tension and fix each core segment 121.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present utility model, each of the core segments 121 has two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211, and the two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 are respectively laminated on both ends of the core segment 121. Wherein, rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 is provided with a plurality of bellying 2111 near the terminal surface of rotor punching 1212, and a plurality of bellying 2111 constitutes a plurality of first radial air ducts 2112 between rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and rotor punching 1212, and when rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 has all been pressed to iron core section 121 both ends, iron core section 121 both ends can have a plurality of first radial air ducts 2112 to the heat dispersion of whole rotor core 12 has been improved. The core segment 121 is provided with a plurality of through slots 1213, and the through slots 1213 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the core segment 121, that is, the through slots 1213 penetrate through the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching 1212 and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching 1212. The axial length of the permanent magnets 13 is determined according to the size of the iron core segment 121, the axial length of each permanent magnet 13 is the same as the length of the through slot 1213 penetrating through the iron core segment 121, the permanent magnets 13 are fixed in the through slots 1213 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the through slots 1213 are reserved with air magnetic isolation bridges 2131.

The permanent magnet rotor 10 provided by the embodiment of the utility model further comprises a spacer 14, wherein the spacer 14 is arranged on the permanent magnet 13 arranged in the iron core section 121, the spacer 14 separates the permanent magnet 13 from the two adjacent iron core sections 121, and a second radial ventilation channel 142 is formed between the two adjacent iron core sections 121. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the end of the permanent magnet 13 is provided with a fixing slot 131, and the spacer 14 is provided with a tenon 141 adapted to the fixing slot 131, and the tenon 141 is embedded in the fixing slot 131 and fixedly connected to the fixing slot 131. The spacer 14 has a plurality of fixing grooves 131 formed at opposite intervals on the end portions of the permanent magnets 13, and the spacer 14 is fixedly connected to the fixing grooves 131 in a one-to-one correspondence. The plurality of spacers 14 are firmly bonded with the permanent magnet 13 as support columns, and as the axial length of the permanent magnet 13 is the same as that of the iron core section 121, the permanent magnet 13 penetrates through the through groove 1213 formed in the iron core section 121, the spacers 14 are fixed on the permanent magnet 13, so that two adjacent iron core sections 121 and the permanent magnet 13 can be separated, and the second radial ventilation channel 142 formed between the two adjacent iron core sections 121 by the spacers 14 further increases the heat dissipation area of the rotor iron core 12, thereby being beneficial to reducing the temperature of the rotor iron core 12 and the permanent magnet 13 arranged therein and avoiding the risk of high-temperature loss of the permanent magnet 13. The spacer 14 may be a cylindrical structure or a slat structure.

Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the protrusions 2111 provided on the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 are bar-shaped ribs fixed on the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211, and the length direction of the bar-shaped ribs extends in the radial direction of the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211. As shown in fig. 4, at least one avoidance groove 1111 is formed on opposite sides of the bar-shaped rib, the avoidance groove 1111 extends along the length direction of the bar-shaped rib, after the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 is overlapped with the rotor punching sheet 1212, a first radial ventilation channel 2112 is formed between the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching sheet 1212 in a gap between each bar-shaped rib, and the avoidance groove 1111 can increase the ventilation area of the first radial ventilation channel 2112, so as to enhance the heat dissipation performance. The bar-shaped rib can be specifically selected from I-steel, the first radial ventilation channel 2112 on each iron core segment 121 is composed of two rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 and a plurality of I-steel with different lengths, the I-steel with different lengths are distributed on the rotor ventilation slot plates 1211, the I-steel is fixed with the rotor ventilation slot plates 1211 by spot welding, and the protruding portion 2111 leaves can be in a thin steel plate structure, and the thin steel plates are riveted or welded on the rotor ventilation slot plates 1211.

Referring to fig. 5, a plurality of axial air passages 1214 are further disposed through each core segment 121 in the embodiment of the present utility model, and the plurality of axial air passages 1214 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the core segment 121 in the manner of avoiding the open grooves 1213. Specifically, the axial air passages 1214 penetrate the rotor ventilation slot plate 1211 and the rotor punching 1212, and the plurality of first radial air passages 2112, the plurality of second radial air passages 142, and the plurality of axial air passages 1214 increase the ventilation and heat dissipation area of the rotor core 12 in common, reducing the temperature of the rotor core 12 and its internal permanent magnets 13.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of radial ventilation channels are added in each iron core section 121 of the rotor iron core 12, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole permanent magnet rotor 10 is improved, the temperature of the rotor iron core 12 and the permanent magnets 13 arranged in the rotor iron core is reduced, and the high-temperature loss of the permanent magnets 13 is avoided.

The second embodiment of the present utility model also provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a stand 20, a stator assembly 30 and a permanent magnet rotor 10 provided in the first embodiment of the present utility model. A mounting cavity 21 is provided in the housing 20. The stator assembly 30 is disposed within the mounting cavity 21. The permanent magnet rotor 10 is arranged in the stator assembly 30, and comprises a stator core and winding coils, wherein the winding coils are arranged on the stator core, and the stator assembly 30 comprises a stator core.

The installation cavity 21 is provided with a first reserved cavity 211 and a second reserved cavity 212, the stator assembly 30 is located between the first reserved cavity 211 and the second reserved cavity 212, the first reserved cavity 211 and the second reserved cavity 212 are both provided with ventilation ports 213, the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprises a cooler 40 and an inner air path air guide assembly, the cooler 40 is fixed on the base 20, the cooler 40 is provided with a plurality of heat exchange ports 41, the heat exchange ports 41 are communicated with the ventilation ports 213 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and therefore hot air in the permanent magnet synchronous motor enters the cooler 40 to be cooled, and the temperature of the stator assembly 30 and the temperature of the permanent magnet rotor 10 are reduced. The inner air duct air guide assembly is fixed in the base 20 and is located in the first reserved cavity 211 or the second reserved cavity 212. As shown in fig. 6, an inner wind path wind guide assembly is located in the first reserved cavity 211, and the inner wind path wind guide assembly includes an inner fan 51 and a wind deflector 52. The inner fan 51 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11 of the permanent magnet rotor 10, and the inner fan 51 is a centrifugal fan or an axial fan, and the axial fan is suitable for use in a use scene with high rotating speed and high noise requirement. The inner fan 51 is fixed to the rotation shaft 11 by a key and a retainer ring. A wind deflector 52 is fixed in the housing 20 between the inner fan 51 and the ends of the winding coil of the stator assembly 30, and the wind deflector 52 guides the hot wind exiting from the stator assembly 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10 to be discharged from the inlet of the inner fan 51, participating in the cooling cycle.

The permanent magnet synchronous motor also includes an outer cowl 60 and an outer wind path wind guide assembly. The cooler 40 also has an air intake 42. The outer fan housing 60 is fixed at one end of the machine base 20, and the outer fan housing 60 is provided with an air outlet 61, and the air outlet 61 is communicated with the air inlet 42. The outer wind path wind guiding component is arranged in the outer wind housing 60, specifically, the outer wind path wind guiding component comprises an outer fan 70, the outer fan 70 is a centrifugal fan, the outer fan 70 is fixedly connected with a non-shaft extension end of the permanent magnet rotor 10 positioned in the outer wind housing 60, the outer fan 70 is used for stirring cold wind to enter the cooler 40 and exchanging heat with hot wind coming out of the machine base 20, the temperature difference between the stator component 30 and the permanent magnet rotor 10 is reduced, and the high-temperature loss of magnetism of the permanent magnet rotor 10 is avoided.

According to the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the permanent magnet rotor 10 is provided with the plurality of radial ventilation channels and the plurality of axial ventilation channels, and the base 20 is provided with the cooler 40, so that the problem of large temperature difference between the stator and the rotor is solved, the temperatures of the rotor core 12 and the permanent magnet 13 can be effectively reduced, the high-temperature loss of the permanent magnet 13 is avoided, and the power density of the motor is improved. The high-voltage variable-frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor with the permanent magnet rotor 10 has the advantages of constant torque characteristic in a rated frequency range, high efficiency in a 25% -120% load rate range, wide high-efficiency area range, high power factor, low temperature rise, small vibration, low noise and the like.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet rotor (10), characterized by comprising:

a rotating shaft (11);

a rotor core (12), wherein the rotor core (12) comprises a plurality of sections of core sections (121), the sections of core sections (121) are fixed on the rotating shaft (11) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (11), and each core section (121) comprises a rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) and a plurality of rotor punching sheets (1212) which are sequentially stacked together;

the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) is provided with a plurality of protruding parts (2111) close to the end face of the rotor punching sheet (1212), the protruding parts (2111) form a plurality of first radial ventilation channels (2112) between the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211) and the rotor punching sheet (1212), a plurality of through grooves (1213) are arranged on the iron core section (121) in a penetrating way, and the through grooves (1213) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the iron core section (121);

and the permanent magnets (13) are fixed in the through grooves (1213) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

2. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 1, further comprising:

the spacer (14) is arranged between two adjacent sections of the iron core sections (121) so that a second radial ventilation channel (142) is formed between the two adjacent sections of the iron core sections (121), and the spacer (14) is fixed on a permanent magnet (13) arranged in at least one of the two adjacent sections of the iron core sections (121).

3. Permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the permanent magnet (13) is provided with a fixing groove (131), the spacer (14) is provided with a tenon (141) adapted to the fixing groove (131), and the tenon (141) is embedded in the fixing groove (131) and fixedly connected with the fixing groove (131).

4. A permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the number of the spacers (14) is plural, the end portions of the permanent magnets (13) are provided with a plurality of fixing grooves (131) at intervals, and the spacers (14) are fixedly connected with the fixing grooves (131) in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. A permanent magnet rotor (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protrusions (2111) are bar-shaped ribs fixed to the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211), the length direction of the bar-shaped ribs extending in the radial direction of the rotor ventilation slot plate (1211).

6. The permanent magnet rotor (10) according to claim 5, wherein at least one escape groove (1111) is provided on opposite sides of the bar-shaped rib, the escape groove (1111) extending in a length direction of the bar-shaped rib.

7. A permanent magnet rotor (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of axial air passages (1214) are further provided through each of the core segments (121), and the plurality of axial air passages (1214) are provided so as to avoid the through slots (1213) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the core segments (121).

8. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a machine base (20), wherein an installation cavity (21) is arranged in the machine base (20);

-a stator assembly (30), the stator assembly (30) being arranged within the mounting cavity (21);

the permanent magnet rotor (10) of any of claims 1 to 7, the permanent magnet rotor (10) being disposed within the stator assembly (30).

9. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein the mounting cavity (21) has a first preformed cavity (211) and a second preformed cavity (212), the stator assembly (30) being located between the first preformed cavity (211) and the second preformed cavity (212), the first preformed cavity (211) and the second preformed cavity (212) each being provided with a ventilation opening (213), the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprising:

the cooler (40) is fixed on the base (20), the cooler (40) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange ports (41), and the heat exchange ports (41) are communicated with the ventilation ports (213) in a one-to-one correspondence;

the inner air duct air guide assembly is fixed in the base (20) and is positioned in the first reserved cavity (211) or the second reserved cavity (212).

10. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein the mounting cavity (21) has a first preformed cavity (211) and a second preformed cavity (212), the stator assembly (30) being located between the first preformed cavity (211) and the second preformed cavity (212), the first preformed cavity (211) and the second preformed cavity (212) each being provided with a ventilation opening (213), the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprising:

the cooler (40) is fixed on the base (20), the cooler (40) is provided with an air inlet (42) and a plurality of heat exchange ports (41), and the heat exchange ports (41) are communicated with the ventilation ports (213) in a one-to-one correspondence;

the outer fan cover (60) is fixed at one end of the machine base (20), the outer fan cover (60) is provided with an air outlet (61), and the air outlet (61) is communicated with the air inlet (42);

and the outer air path air guide assembly is arranged in the outer air cover (60).