CN219610256U

CN219610256U - Arc extinguishing device of switch

Info

Publication number: CN219610256U
Application number: CN202320349352.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱天胜; 沈惠新; 顾怡文
Original assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-01
Filing date: 2023-03-01
Publication date: 2023-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-01

Abstract

An arc extinguishing device of a switch belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances. The switch comprises a fixed contact, a moving contact and an arc extinguishing device, wherein the moving contact is contacted with or separated from the fixed contact, and the switch is characterized in that: the arc extinguishing device is provided with a structure which is symmetrical relative to the moving plane of the moving contact, the arc extinguishing device comprises an insulating support piece and a magnetic assembly, the insulating support piece comprises a center arc baffle plate and a pair of arc baffle plates which are respectively arranged at two sides of the center arc baffle plate, a pair of arc blowing channels which extend along the moving direction of the moving contact are formed between the center arc baffle plate and the arc baffle plates at two sides, the magnetic assembly comprises a permanent magnet which is arranged in the center arc baffle plate, and the direction of an internal magnetic field of the permanent magnet is parallel to the moving plane of the moving contact, so that an arc enters one of the arc blowing channels. The advantages are that: the arc can be reliably extinguished in a small space, the whole arc extinguishing device is simple in structure and low in cost, and the breaking condition of the arc extinguishing device is irrelevant to the current flow direction.

Description

Arc extinguishing device of switch

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of low voltage, and particularly relates to an arc extinguishing device of a switch.

Background

At present, in some switches, such as a change-over switch, a direct current isolating switch and the like, an arc extinguishing device formed by a plurality of permanent magnets and metal grid plates is mostly adopted to realize quick extinction of an electric arc, the electric arc is introduced into the arc extinguishing device through the magnetic field effect generated by the permanent magnets, and the electric arc is further lengthened and cooled by utilizing the effect of the metal grid plates, so that the effect of extinguishing the electric arc is achieved. However, the miniaturized and low-cost switch in the market is increasingly pursued by users at present, so that the switch does not have enough space to realize the installation of more grid plates under the miniaturization and can not meet the requirement of rapid arc extinction under the condition of large voltage; in addition, the arc extinguishing device formed by a plurality of permanent magnets and metal grid plates has a complex integral structure, high assembly difficulty and high cost, and cannot meet the requirements of users.

In view of the above prior art, there is a need for a reasonable improvement in the structure of the arc extinguishing devices of existing switches. To this end, the inventors have advantageously devised that the technical solutions described below are created in this context.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an arc extinguishing device of a switch, which can reliably extinguish an arc in a small space, has a simple structure and low cost, and has a breaking condition irrelevant to the flow direction of current.

The task of the utility model is accomplished in this way, an arc extinguishing device of a switch, the said switch includes the static contact, contact and arc extinguishing device of the moving contact that contacts or separates with the static contact, the characteristic is: the arc extinguishing device is provided with a structure which is symmetrical relative to the moving plane of the moving contact, the arc extinguishing device comprises an insulating support piece and a magnetic assembly, the insulating support piece comprises a center arc baffle plate and a pair of arc baffle plates which are respectively arranged on two sides of the center arc baffle plate, a pair of arc blowing channels which extend along the moving direction of the moving contact are formed between the center arc baffle plate and the arc baffle plates on two sides, the magnetic assembly comprises a permanent magnet which is arranged in the center arc baffle plate, and the direction of an internal magnetic field of the permanent magnet is parallel to the moving plane of the moving contact, so that an arc enters one of the arc blowing channels.

In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, a cavity is provided in the central arc-stop plate, and the permanent magnet is accommodated in the cavity of the central arc-stop plate.

In another specific embodiment of the utility model, the side of the permanent magnet facing the moving contact extends in an arc shape close to the moving track of the moving contact.

In another specific embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic assembly further includes a magnetic conductive block accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and located on a side of the permanent magnet facing the moving contact, and a side of the magnetic conductive block facing the moving contact extends in an arc shape abutted against a movement track of the moving contact.

In still another specific embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic assembly further includes a pair of magnetically conductive side plates, and side plate embedding cavities are disposed in the pair of arc blocking plates, and the magnetically conductive side plates are respectively embedded in the side plate embedding cavities correspondingly.

In a further specific embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic assembly further includes a magnetic conductive back plate connected to the pair of magnetic conductive side plates, the insulating support further includes an insulating back plate connected to the pair of arc baffles, a back plate embedding cavity is disposed in the insulating back plate, the back plate embedding cavity is communicated with the side plate embedding cavity, and the magnetic conductive back plate is accommodated in the back plate embedding cavity.

In a further specific embodiment of the present utility model, the insulating support is integrally formed from a central arc baffle, an arc baffle and an insulating back plate.

In a further specific embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of separation plates are arranged in the arc blowing channel along the moving direction of the moving contact.

In still another specific embodiment of the present utility model, the distance between two sides of the end of the center arc-stop plate, which is close to the moving contact, and the corresponding arc-stop plate is greater than the distance between two sides of the end of the center arc-stop plate, which is far away from the moving contact, and the corresponding arc-stop plate.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that due to the adoption of the structure, the utility model has the following advantages: firstly, the switch arc extinguishing device utilizes the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the action of the magnetic conduction plate to rapidly guide the stretching arc into the arc blowing channel through magnetic blowing; secondly, through the effect of the arc blowing channel and the partition plate on the insulating support piece, the electric arc is further stretched, and meanwhile, the electric arc is cooled by utilizing the gas generated by the insulating support piece, so that the electric arc can be reliably extinguished in a small space, the breaking condition of the electric arc is irrelevant to the current flow direction, and the whole arc extinguishing device is simple in structure and low in cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an internal schematic view of an embodiment of a switch according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is an internal elevation view of an embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of an arc extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an arc extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is an internal schematic view of another embodiment of the switch according to the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is an internal elevation view of another embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of an arc extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of an arc extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic top view and an operation diagram of an arc extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of another view of an arc extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the switch of the present utility model.

Fig. 11 is a diagram of another embodiment of a permanent magnet and a magnetically permeable block in a magnetic assembly of another embodiment of a switch according to the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. a stationary contact; 2. a moving contact; 3. arc extinguishing device 301, holding cavity 302, side plate embedding cavity 303, backboard embedding cavity 31, insulating support piece 311, central arc-isolating plate 3111, wall body 312, arc-blocking plate 313, arc-blowing channel 314, insulating backboard 315, partition plate 32, magnetic assembly 321, permanent magnet 3211, arc-shaped extension surface 322, magnetic conduction block 323, magnetic conduction side plate 324, magnetic conduction backboard; 4. a housing.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the utility model, while given in connection with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and any changes that may be made in the form of the inventive concepts described herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

In the following description, any reference to the directions or azimuths of up, down, left, right, front and rear is based on the positions shown in the corresponding drawings, and therefore, should not be construed as a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the present utility model.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, the present utility model relates to an arc extinguishing device of a switch, the arc extinguishing device is an arc extinguishing device 3 shown in the figure, the arc extinguishing device 3 is installed in the switch, the switch further comprises a housing 4, a fixed contact 1 fixedly arranged in the housing 4, and a moving contact 2 rotatably arranged in the housing 4 and contacting and separating with the fixed contact 1, and the arc extinguishing device 3 is used for extinguishing an arc generated between the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 when the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 are separated.

The switch of the utility model takes a double-breakpoint change-over switch as an example, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, a pair of fixed contacts 1 are symmetrically arranged in a shell 4 by the rotation center of a movable contact 2, the movable contact 2 comprises a rotating bracket and a pair of movable contact guide rods symmetrically extending out of the circumference side part of the rotating bracket, the pair of movable contact guide rods are respectively in contact and separation fit with the corresponding fixed contacts 1, and an arc-shaped movement path a is formed in the movement process of the movable contact 2. Accordingly, the arc extinguishing device 3 is also provided with a pair corresponding to the present double-break transfer switch, and is provided corresponding to the pair of movable contact 2 and stationary contact 1, respectively.

When the movable contact 2 rotates towards one side far away from the fixed contact 1 relative to the shell 4, the movable contact 2 can be matched with the fixed contact 1 to realize switching-off, and when the movable contact 2 rotates towards one side close to the fixed contact 1 relative to the shell 4, the movable contact 2 can be matched with the fixed contact 1 to realize switching-on. The movable contact 2 rotates to form a movement plane. The arc extinguishing device 3 is positioned outside the arc-shaped movement path a of the moving contact 2, namely, is positioned on one side of the moving contact 2 far away from the rotation center of the moving contact.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the arc extinguishing device 3 has a symmetrical structure with respect to the movement plane of the moving contact 2, and specifically includes an insulating support 31 and a magnetic assembly 32. The insulating support 31 includes a central arc-shielding plate 311 and a pair of arc-shielding plates 312 respectively disposed on two sides of the central arc-shielding plate 311. The arc baffle 312 is symmetrically arranged relative to the moving plane of the moving contact 2, and the center arc baffle 311 is positioned on the moving plane of the moving contact 2. The center arc baffle 311 has a space between two sides and one corresponding side arc baffle 312. In this embodiment, preferably, the distance between the two sides of the end of the center arc-shielding plate 311 near the moving contact 2 and the corresponding arc-shielding plate 312 is greater than the distance between the two sides of the end of the center arc-shielding plate 311 far away from the moving contact 2 and the corresponding arc-shielding plate 312, so the insulating support 31 presents a "W" structure. A pair of arc blowing channels 313 extending along the moving direction of the moving contact 2 are formed between the central arc baffle 311 and the arc baffles 312 at the two sides, and the arc blowing channels 313 are narrow slit channels. The central arc-shaped plate 311 is provided with a cavity 301.

The magnetic assembly 32 includes a permanent magnet 321, and the permanent magnet 321 is disposed in the cavity 301 of the central arc-shielding plate 311 of the insulating support 31. In an embodiment of the switch shown in fig. 1 to 4, specifically as shown in fig. 3, a side of the permanent magnet 321 facing the moving contact 2 is a plane. In another embodiment of the switch shown in fig. 5 to 10, the side of the permanent magnet 321 facing the moving contact 2 extends in an arc shape abutting on the moving track of the moving contact 2, forming an arc-shaped extension surface 3211. As shown in fig. 7, the arc-shaped extension surface 3211 is provided as a preferred embodiment. The size of the extension surface 3211 is close to the radius of gyration of the moving contact 2, which can generate a uniform magnetic field in the arc extinguishing chamber, and is more beneficial to introducing an arc generated between the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 into the two-side arc blowing channels 313 when the moving contact and the fixed contact 1 are separated. In addition, when the permanent magnet 321 is long, a magnetic conduction block 322 may be disposed, where the magnetic conduction block 322 also belongs to the magnetic assembly 32, and the magnetic conduction block 322 is also disposed in the accommodating cavity 301, and is located on a side of the permanent magnet 321 facing the moving contact 2, and a side of the magnetic conduction block 322 facing the moving contact 2 may extend in an arc shape abutted against a movement track of the moving contact 2, so as to form an arc-shaped extension surface 3211, as shown in fig. 11. In both embodiments, the position of the arc extinguishing device 3 is slightly different according to the difference of the magnetic assemblies 32, and other structures are the same.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the magnetic assembly 32 further includes a magnetic conductive plate, which is formed by a pair of magnetic conductive side plates 323 and a magnetic conductive back plate 324, and the magnetic conductive plate forms an envelope trend of the permanent magnet 321 on a side of the permanent magnet 321 facing away from the moving contact 2. The pair of arc baffle plates 312 are provided with side plate embedding cavities 302, and the magnetic conductive side plates 323 are respectively embedded in the side plate embedding cavities 302. The magnetic conductive backboard 324 is connected with the pair of magnetic conductive side plates 323, the insulating support 31 further comprises an insulating backboard 314 connected with the pair of arc baffle plates 312, a backboard embedding cavity 303 is arranged in the insulating backboard 314, the backboard embedding cavity 303 is communicated with the side plate embedding cavity 302, and the magnetic conductive backboard 324 is accommodated in the backboard embedding cavity 303. Preferably, the insulating support 31 is integrally formed with the central arc-stop 311, the arc-stop 312 and the insulating back plate 314. The middle part of the magnetic conductive back plate 324 is spaced from the permanent magnet 321 by the wall 3111 of the central arc-isolating plate 311, which is the wall between the back plate embedding cavity 303 and the accommodating cavity 301 of the insulating support 31, so that a small air gap is formed between the permanent magnet 321 and the magnetic conductive back plate 324, and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 321 is enhanced by the magnetic conductive block 322, the magnetic conductive side plate 323 and the magnetic conductive back plate 324, so that the speed of introducing the arc generated when the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 are separated into the arc-blowing channel 313 is increased, and the arc extinction is further accelerated. The magnetic conductive block 322, the magnetic conductive side plate 323 and the magnetic conductive back plate 324 establish a complete magnetic circuit, which is a preferred embodiment, and it is also possible to dispense with the magnetic conductive back plate 324.

The permanent magnet 321 is located in the motion plane of the moving contact 2 and outside the motion track of the moving contact 2, and the internal magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 321 is parallel to the motion plane of the moving contact 2, so that an arc enters one of the arc blowing channels 313. Referring to the illustrated positions of fig. 3, 7, 10 and 11, in the present utility model, the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are arranged in a radial direction of the circular motion of the moving contact 2, and of course, in the translational moving contact 2 structure of other switches, the moving contact 2 is in a vertical linear motion direction relative to the fixed contact 1, and the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 321 are arranged horizontally. The magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 321 may be N pole facing the moving contact 2, S pole facing away from the moving contact 2, or S pole facing the moving contact 2, and N pole facing away from the moving contact 2.

Referring to fig. 5 and 9, when current flows from the moving contact 2 to the fixed contact 1, the current direction is inward perpendicular to the paper surface, the arc is driven into the left arc blowing channel 313 by the direction of the lorentz force F in the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 321 as shown in fig. 9, and when current flows from the fixed contact 1 to the moving contact 2, the arc is driven into the right arc blowing channel 313 by the lorentz force in the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 321. Thus, the arc is driven, elongated, extinguished, and the direction of current flow is independent.

In summary, the insulating support 31 of the arc extinguishing device 3 can provide the supporting function for the permanent magnet 321, the magnetic conduction block 322 and the magnetic conduction plate through the insulating support 31, so that the magnetic assembly 32 composed of the permanent magnet 321, the magnetic conduction block 322 and the magnetic conduction plate can be installed and fixed; on the other hand, the arc baffle 311 and the arc baffle 312 of the insulating support 31 form a narrow slit channel 313, and the narrow slit channel 313 is positioned at two sides of the permanent magnet 321, extends along the moving direction of the moving contact 2, is positioned at the periphery of two sides of the moving contact 2, and is used for passing an arc generated between the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 when the moving contact 2 and the fixed contact 1 are separated, so as to guide the stretching arc to be extinguished by matching with a magnetic field; on the other hand, a plurality of separation plates 315 are arranged in the arc blowing channel 313 along the moving direction of the moving contact 2 at intervals, so that the electric arc is further stretched, the electric arc voltage is increased, and the accelerated extinction of the electric arc is further facilitated. In addition, the material of the insulating support 31 may be a gas-generating, high temperature resistant non-magnetically permeable material to generate a gas for gas blow-out through the insulating support 31.

Claims

1. An arc extinguishing device of a switch, the switch comprises a fixed contact (1), a moving contact (2) contacted with or separated from the fixed contact (1) and an arc extinguishing device (3), and the switch is characterized in that: the arc extinguishing device (3) is of a symmetrical structure relative to the movement plane of the moving contact (2), the arc extinguishing device (3) comprises an insulating support piece (31) and a magnetic assembly (32), the insulating support piece (31) comprises a central arc baffle plate (311) and a pair of arc baffle plates (312) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the central arc baffle plate (311), a pair of arc blowing channels (313) which extend along the movement direction of the moving contact (2) are formed between the central arc baffle plate (311) and the arc baffle plates (312) on two sides, the magnetic assembly (32) comprises a permanent magnet (321) arranged in the central arc baffle plate (311), and the internal magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet (321) is parallel to the movement plane of the moving contact (2) so that an arc enters one of the arc blowing channels (313).

2. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: the center arc-shaped plate (311) is internally provided with a containing cavity (301), and the permanent magnet (321) is contained in the containing cavity (301) of the center arc-shaped plate (311).

3. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 2, wherein: the side of the permanent magnet (321) facing the moving contact (2) extends in an arc shape which is abutted against the movement track of the moving contact (2).

4. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 2, wherein: the magnetic assembly (32) further comprises a magnetic conduction block (322) accommodated in the accommodating cavity (301), the magnetic conduction block is positioned on one side of the permanent magnet (321) facing the moving contact (2), and one side of the magnetic conduction block (322) facing the moving contact (2) extends in an arc shape close to the movement track of the moving contact (2).

5. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic assembly (32) further comprises a pair of magnetic conduction side plates (323), a side plate embedding cavity (302) is formed in the pair of arc blocking plates (312), and the magnetic conduction side plates (323) are correspondingly embedded in the side plate embedding cavity (302) respectively.

6. The switching arc extinguishing device of claim 5 wherein: the magnetic assembly (32) further comprises a magnetic conduction backboard (324) connected with the pair of magnetic conduction side plates (323), the insulating support piece (31) further comprises an insulating backboard (314) connected with the pair of arc baffle plates (312), a backboard embedding cavity (303) is formed in the insulating backboard (314), the backboard embedding cavity (303) is communicated with the side plate embedding cavity (302), and the magnetic conduction backboard (324) is accommodated in the backboard embedding cavity (303).

7. The switching arc extinguishing device of claim 6 wherein: the insulating support (31) is integrally formed by a central arc baffle (311), an arc baffle (312) and an insulating backboard (314).

8. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of separation plates (315) which are spaced from each other are arranged in the arc blowing channel (313) along the moving direction of the moving contact (2).

9. The arc suppressing apparatus of a switch as defined in claim 1, wherein: the spacing distance between two sides of one end of the center arc-stop plate (311) close to the moving contact (2) and the corresponding arc-stop plate (312) is larger than the spacing distance between two sides of one end of the center arc-stop plate (311) far away from the moving contact (2) and the corresponding arc-stop plate (312).