CN218647802U - Arc extinguishing device of switch - Google Patents

Abstract

An arc extinguishing device of a switch belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances. The switch comprises a fixed contact and a movable contact which is in contact with or separated from the fixed contact, the arc extinguishing device is used for extinguishing electric arcs generated when the fixed contact and the movable contact are separated, the arc extinguishing device has a structure which is symmetrical relative to a movement plane of the movable contact, the arc extinguishing device comprises a shell, the shell forms side walls around to define an arc blowing channel, an opening is formed in the shell, the movable contact stretches into the arc blowing channel through the opening, the arc extinguishing device further comprises a pair of permanent magnets which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell, the directions of internal magnetic fields of the permanent magnets are the same and are parallel to the movement plane of the movable contact, the magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets enable the electric arcs to deflect, and the electric arcs move towards one side of the two sides of the shell in the arc blowing channel. The switch breaking capacity is improved, non-polar switching-on and non-polar switching-off are realized, the problem that electric arcs are difficult to extinguish under the condition of low current and the condition of direct current is solved, and the adaptability of application places is effectively expanded.

Description

Arc extinguishing device of switch

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of low-voltage apparatus, concretely relates to arc control device of switch.

Background

Switches such as circuit breakers, contactors, disconnectors, automatic transfer switches, and the like, function to make and break electrical circuits in power supply and distribution lines. In particular, the closing or separation of a pair of separable contacts (moving contact and stationary contact) of a switch enables the connection or disconnection of an electric circuit to protect lines and electric equipment.

As known in the art, when a switch is opened, an arc is generated between a moving contact and a fixed contact, and due to the relatively large energy of the arc, if the arc stays on the moving contact for a long time, the arc can seriously ablate the contact. In view of this, arc extinguishing devices are generally installed in various switching devices such as circuit breakers, contactors, disconnecting switches, automatic transfer switches, etc. to extinguish arcs quickly and ensure the safety of the operation of electrical equipment.

The arc extinguishing mechanism of the arc extinguishing device is to increase the voltage of the arc by lengthening the arc, thereby extinguishing the arc. Under the condition that the current is large, the commonly adopted arc extinguishing measures, namely arc extinguishing measures, comprise: the number of the laminated arc extinguishing grid pieces is increased to elongate the electric arc, so that the purposes of improving the electric arc voltage and finally extinguishing the electric arc are achieved; the magnetic field generated by current is concentrated by adopting the magnetic conductive piece to enhance the magnetic field intensity, so that the magnetic driving force to the electric arc is improved, and the electric arc is finally extinguished; the arc-extinguishing device is assisted by gas-generating materials, and the arc is driven to move by the air pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the arc-extinguishing chamber, so that the arc is finally extinguished. However, in the case of a small current, since the driving force for driving the arc to move by the magnetic field generated by the arc itself is small, it is difficult to elongate the arc until the arc is extinguished. Further, when the current is a direct current, since there is no zero point, there is a problem that it is difficult to extinguish the arc. Based on the foregoing, it is of positive significance to explore the structural rationality of the arc extinguishing device of the switch to achieve effective arc extinguishing and to improve the breaking capacity of the switch, and the technical solutions to be described below are generated in this context.

Utility model

The utility model aims to provide an arc control device that electric arc that produces when helping reliably to separate moving contact and static contact effectively extinguishes, is favorable to improving disconnected ability and its disconnected situation of branch and the flow direction of electric current are irrelevant and can embody the switch that nonpolarity cut-off.

The utility model discloses a task is accomplished like this, an arc control device of switch, the switch include the static contact and with the moving contact of static contact or separation, this arc control device is used for extinguishing the electric arc that produces when the moving contact separates, arc control device has and is the structure of symmetry for the motion plane of this moving contact, arc control device includes the casing, thereby the casing constitutes lateral wall definition arc blowing passageway all around, has an opening on the casing, and the moving contact visits into the arc blowing passageway through the opening, arc control device is still including dividing the a pair of permanent magnet of establishing in the casing both sides, and this is the same and be on a parallel with the motion plane of this moving contact to the inside magnetic field direction of permanent magnet, makes the electric arc take place to deflect by this magnetic field to the permanent magnet production, moves one of them side to the casing both sides in the arc blowing passageway.

The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, the casing includes rear side wall, left side wall, right side wall, first preceding lateral wall I and second preceding lateral wall II, the left side wall is folded forward in the left side of rear side wall and is expanded constitution, the right side wall is folded forward in the right side of rear side wall and is expanded constitution, this left side wall and right side wall correspond left and right each other, first preceding lateral wall I is folded right in the front side of left side wall and is expanded constitution, second preceding lateral wall II is folded left side in the front side of right side wall and is expanded constitution, this first preceding lateral wall I corresponds about this and second preceding lateral wall II each other, the interval space between first preceding lateral wall I and the second preceding lateral wall II constitutes for the communicating opening with the arc-blowing passageway, first permanent magnet I sets up left side wall is dorsad one side of arc-blowing passageway, second permanent magnet II sets up right side wall is dorsad one side of arc-blowing passageway.

In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the polarity of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet i facing to the side of the first front side wall i is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet ii facing to the side of the second front side wall ii.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the width of the left side wall and the right side wall is equal; the first front side wall I and the second front side wall II are equal in width.

In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the width of the first permanent magnet i is less than or equal to the width of the left side wall, and the height of the first permanent magnet i is less than or equal to the height of the left side wall; the width of the second permanent magnet II is smaller than or equal to that of the right side wall, and the height of the second permanent magnet II is smaller than or equal to that of the right side wall.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the first permanent magnet i is fixedly disposed on the left side wall facing away from one side of the arc-blowing channel, and the second permanent magnet ii is fixedly disposed on the right side wall facing away from one side of the arc-blowing channel.

In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the fixing manner is bonding, the first permanent magnet i and the left sidewall are fixed to a side of the arc blowing channel opposite to each other by a glue, and the second permanent magnet ii and the right sidewall are fixed to a side of the arc blowing channel opposite to each other by a glue.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the fixing means is an embedding means, the left side wall faces away from one side of the arc blowing channel, the first permanent magnet is inserted into the cavity, the first permanent magnet i is inserted into the cavity, and the right side wall faces away from one side of the arc blowing channel, the second permanent magnet ii is inserted into the cavity.

In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the housing is an insulating housing made of an insulating material.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model the technical effect lie in: because the first permanent magnet I and the second permanent magnet II are respectively arranged on the two sides of the shell, regardless of the direction of current, the electric arc is driven by Lorentz magnetic force in magnetic fields generated by the first permanent magnet I and the second permanent magnet II, so that the electric arc deflects and is stretched, the electric arc can be effectively extinguished, the breaking capacity of a switch is improved, the non-polar on-off is realized, the problem that the electric arc is difficult to extinguish under the condition of small current and under the condition of direct current is solved, and the adaptability of an application place is effectively expanded.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an arc extinguishing device of the switch of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the arc extinguishing device of the switch of the utility model, the moving contact is in a state diagram when opening the position.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing device of the switch of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the arrangement of the first permanent magnet i and the second permanent magnet ii.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

In order to make the technical essence and advantages of the present invention more clear, the applicant below describes in detail the embodiments, but the description of the embodiments is not a limitation of the present invention, and any equivalent changes made according to the inventive concept, which are only formal and not essential, should be considered as the technical scope of the present invention.

In the following description, all the concepts related to the directions or orientations of up, down, left, right, front and rear are based on the position state of fig. 1, and thus, should not be interpreted as a specific limitation to the technical solution provided by the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 3, the switch of the present invention includes a switch electrical apparatus having a contact system, such as a circuit breaker, a contactor, a disconnecting switch or an automatic transfer switch, when a moving contact 2 in the contact system is separated from a static contact 1, an electric arc is generated between a static contact on the moving contact 21 and the static contact 1, the present invention is provided with the arc extinguishing apparatus, the driving electric arc is deflected inside a housing 31 to be mentioned below, thereby being elongated, increasing the electric arc voltage, and effectively extinguishing the electric arc.

Taking the circuit breaker as an example, the circuit breaker comprises an operating mechanism, a tripping device and an arc extinguishing device besides a contact system, wherein the operating mechanism drives the moving contact 2 to rotate so as to realize the contact and separation with the static contact 1. In the circuit breaker of this embodiment, a moving contact 2 is adopted to rotate around a main shaft, which is not limited to the above-mentioned rotating manner and the fixed contact, but may also be in a translational manner; the matching of the moving contact and the static contact is not limited to the clapping type structure, and the structure can also be a clamping type structure of a double moving contact to a static contact.

According to the above: the switch comprises a static contact 1 and a moving contact 2 contacted with or separated from the static contact 1, and the arc extinguishing device is used for extinguishing electric arcs generated when the static contact and the moving contact are separated.

As the technical scheme provided by the utility model: the arc extinguishing device 3 has a structure which is symmetrical relative to the movement plane a of the movable contact 2, the arc extinguishing device 3 comprises a shell 31, the shell 31 forms a peripheral side wall so as to define an arc blowing channel 30, an opening 310 is arranged on the shell 31, the movable contact 2 extends into the arc blowing channel 30 through the opening 310, the arc extinguishing device 3 further comprises a pair of permanent magnets 32 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell 31, the directions of internal magnetic fields of the pair of permanent magnets 32 are the same and are parallel to the movement plane a of the movable contact 2, and the magnetic fields generated by the pair of permanent magnets 32 deflect the arc and move towards one side of two sides of the shell 31 in the arc blowing channel 30.

In the present embodiment, the housing 31 includes a rear wall 311, a left side wall 312, a right side wall 313, a first front side wall i 314 and a second front side wall ii 315, the left side wall 312 is folded forward on the left side of the rear wall 311, the right side wall 313 is folded forward on the right side of the rear wall 311, the left side wall 312 and the right side wall 313 correspond to each other left and right, the first front side wall i 314 is folded forward on the front side of the left side wall 312 toward right, the second front side wall ii 315 is folded forward on the front side of the right side wall 313 toward left, the first front side wall i 314 and the second front side wall ii 315 correspond to each other left and right, a space between the first front side wall i 314 and the second front side wall ii 315 is configured as an opening 310 communicating with the arc-blowing path 30, thereby the arc-blowing path 30 is defined by the rear wall 311, the left side wall 312, the right side wall 313, the first front side wall i 314 and the second front side wall ii 315, the first permanent magnet 32a is disposed on the side of the left side wall 312 facing the arc-blowing path 30, and the second front side wall ii 313 b is disposed on the back of the arc-blowing path 30.

The polarity of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet i 32a facing the first front side wall i 314 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet ii 32b facing the second front side wall ii 315.

The widths of the left side wall 312 and the right side wall 313 are equal; the first front sidewall i 314 and the second front sidewall ii 315 have the same width.

The width of the first permanent magnet I32 a is smaller than or equal to the width of the left side wall 312, and the height of the first permanent magnet I32 a is smaller than or equal to the height of the left side wall 312; the width of the second permanent magnet II 32b is less than or equal to the width of the right side wall 313, and the height of the second permanent magnet II 32b is less than or equal to the height of the right side wall 313.

The first permanent magnet i 32a is fixedly arranged on the side of the left side wall 312 facing away from the arc-blowing channel 30, and the second permanent magnet ii 32b is fixedly arranged on the side of the right side wall 313 facing away from the arc-blowing channel 30.

The fixing means may be gluing, wherein the first permanent magnet i 32a is fixed to the side of the left side wall 312 facing away from the arc-blowing channel 30 by glue, and the second permanent magnet ii 32b is fixed to the side of the right side wall 313 facing away from the arc-blowing channel 30 by glue.

The fixing method can also adopt embedding, a first permanent magnet inserting and embedding cavity is formed on one side of the left side wall 312 back to the arc blowing channel 30, the first permanent magnet I32 a and the first permanent magnet inserting and embedding cavity are embedded, a second permanent magnet inserting and embedding cavity is formed on one side of the right side wall 313 back to the arc blowing channel 30, and the second permanent magnet II 32b and the second permanent magnet inserting and embedding cavity are embedded.

The aforementioned housing 31 is an insulating housing made of an insulating material.

Referring to fig. 2 to fig. 3 in conjunction with fig. 1, according to the conventional art, the width of the opening 310 should be set not to interfere with the rotation stroke of the movable contact 2, and the height of the opening 310 and the relative positions of the opening 310 and the movable contact 2 and the stationary contact 1 should be set as follows: in the whole action stroke of separating and contacting the moving contact 2 and the static contact 1, the moving track a of the moving contact 21 on the moving contact 2 is arc-shaped, and at least part of the track a should be located in the arc blowing channel 30, in this embodiment, the static contact on the static contact 1 is located at the bottom of the opening 310 and located in the arc blowing channel 30, and most of the moving contact 21 and the static contact which are in the moving track a are in contact with each other are located in the arc blowing channel 30, so that it is ensured that the electric arc generated between the moving contact and the static contact is at least partially located in the arc blowing channel 30.

Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, as mentioned above, the directions of the internal magnetic fields of the pair of permanent magnets 32 are the same and parallel to the moving plane a of the movable contact 2, so that the arrangement directions of the two magnetic poles of the N pole and the S pole of the same permanent magnet 32 are parallel to the moving plane a of the movable contact 2, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet i 32a facing the side of the first front sidewall i 314 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet ii 32b facing the side of the second front sidewall ii 315. In the present embodiment, the right side (corresponding to the front of the arc extinguishing device) of the first permanent magnet i 32a and the second permanent magnet ii 32b is the N pole, and the left side (corresponding to the rear of the arc extinguishing device) is the S pole, which is specifically illustrated in fig. 2. The permanent magnets generate a magnetic field, and the direction of the magnetic lines of force at the opening 310 is as shown in fig. 4, and at the opening 310, the magnetic lines of force point to the inner side of the arc-blowing channel. When the current flows from the moving contact 2 to the stationary contact 1, the arc current flows in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and in the magnetic field, the arc is driven by the lorentz force F, moves in the arc blowing passage 30, and moves toward the right side wall 313 (shown as the upper side wall in fig. 4), and the arc is elongated, thereby being rapidly extinguished. If the current flows from the fixed contact 1 to the movable contact 2, the arc current is perpendicular to the paper surface and faces outwards, and is subjected to the lorentz force in the same magnetic field, the arc is driven by the lorentz force to move in the arc blowing channel 30 and move towards the left side wall 312 (the lower side wall is shown in fig. 4), the arc is elongated, and the purpose of rapid arc quenching is also achieved. Therefore, the breaking state is irrelevant to the flow direction of the current, and the non-polarity breaking is realized.

Referring to fig. 5, the permanent magnet polarities of the first permanent magnet i 32a and the second permanent magnet ii 32b of the present invention may be set as another embodiment shown in fig. 5, and the polarities of the magnetic poles are opposite to those of fig. 2 and 4. As the direction of the magnetic field lines changes, the direction of the magnetic field lines at the opening 310 is directed from the arc chute 30 to the outside of the housing 31. If the current flows from the moving contact 2 to the stationary contact 1, the arc current is directed inward in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and in the magnetic field, the arc is driven by the lorentz force F, moves in the arc-blowing passage 30, and moves toward the left side wall 312 (the side wall shown as the lower side in fig. 4), and the arc is elongated, thereby being rapidly extinguished. If the current flows from the fixed contact 1 to the movable contact 2, and the arc current is directed outward from the plane of the paper, the arc is driven by the lorentz force to move in the arc-blowing passage 30 and to move toward the right sidewall 313 (shown as the upper sidewall in fig. 4).

In summary, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 32 deflects the movement of the arc, and the arc moves toward the rear portion of the arc extinguishing device (e.g., the position of the rear sidewall 311 of the present invention) opposite to the movable contact 2, and moves toward one of the two sides of the housing 31, i.e., the left sidewall 312 or the right sidewall 313, in the arc-blowing passage 30, unlike the arc extinguishing device of the prior art.

Besides the above-mentioned fixing modes, the first permanent magnet i 32a and the second permanent magnet ii 32b can be fixed by the shell of the switch to keep the relative positions of the first permanent magnet i 32a and the second permanent magnet ii 32b with the shell 31, and the first permanent magnet i 32a and the second permanent magnet ii 32b can be fixed on the shell 31 by adding clamping pins and the like on the outer walls of the left side wall 312 and the right side wall 313, so that the permanent magnets and the shell 31 can be integrally arranged.

Further, the distance between the first front side wall I314 and the rear side wall 311 and the distance between the second front side wall II 315 and the rear side wall 311 can be reduced, so that a slit-shaped arc blowing channel is formed between the first front side wall I314 and the rear side wall 311 and between the second front side wall II 315 and the rear side wall 311, and the arc blowing effect is increased. In addition, the shell can be made of gas-producing materials, so that the cooling effect on the electric arc is increased, the electric arc voltage is further improved, and the electric arc is extinguished.

Preferably, in the above embodiment, the left side wall 312 and the right side wall 313 are both perpendicular to the rear side wall 311, the first front side wall i 314 is perpendicular to the left side wall 312, and the second front side wall ii 315 is perpendicular to the right side wall 313; however, the side walls and the rear wall are not limited to the above-mentioned perpendicular arrangement, the angle between the two walls may be an obtuse angle, the front wall and the side walls are not limited to the above-mentioned perpendicular arrangement, and likewise, the angle between the two walls may be an obtuse angle. Additionally, since the arc eventually moves to the left side wall 312 or the right side wall 313, the rear side wall 311 may be a continuous plane as shown, or may be a discontinuous plane having intervals in the middle as in the structure of the opening 310. In the above embodiments, the front wall, the rear wall, and the side walls are all planar structures, and included angles are formed between the side walls and the rear wall, and between the front wall and the side walls, of course, the front wall, the rear wall, and the side walls may all be curved structures, and between the side walls and the rear wall, and between the front wall and the side walls, there are continuous and smooth curved structures, for example, the front wall, the side walls, and the rear wall on the left side may form a continuous semicircle, and the front wall, the side walls, and the rear wall on the right side may form a continuous semicircle.

To sum up, the utility model discloses an arc control device, regardless of the direction of electric current how, electric arc receives lorentz magnetic drive in the magnetic field that the permanent magnet produced, with electric arc drive to left side wall or right side wall, electric arc by the extension, can effectively extinguish electric arc, improves the switch and divides disconnected ability, has realized the nonpolarity and has cut off. The problem that the electric arc is difficult to extinguish under the low current condition and the direct current condition is solved, and the arc extinguishing device is suitable for various application occasions.

Claims (9)

1. An arc extinguishing device of a switch comprises a fixed contact (1) and a movable contact (2) contacted with or separated from the fixed contact (1), and is used for extinguishing electric arcs generated when the fixed contact and the movable contact are separated, and is characterized in that the arc extinguishing device (3) has a structure which is symmetrical relative to a movement plane (A) of the movable contact (2), the arc extinguishing device (3) comprises a shell (31), the shell (31) forms a peripheral side wall to define an arc blowing channel (30), the shell (31) is provided with an opening (310), the movable contact (2) is inserted into the arc blowing channel (30) through the opening (310), the arc extinguishing device (3) further comprises a pair of permanent magnets (32) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell (31), the directions of internal magnetic fields of the pair of permanent magnets (32) are the same and are parallel to the movement plane (A) of the movable contact (2), and the magnetic fields generated by the pair of permanent magnets (32) deflect the electric arcs and move towards one side of the two sides of the shell (31) in the arc blowing channel (30).

2. An arc extinguishing device for a switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (31) comprises a rear side wall (311), a left side wall (312), a right side wall (313), a first front side wall i (314) and a second front side wall ii (315), the left side wall (312) is folded forward on the left side of the rear side wall (311), the right side wall (313) is folded forward on the right side of the rear side wall (311), the left side wall (312) and the right side wall (313) correspond left to right, the first front side wall i (314) is folded right on the front side of the left side wall (312), the second front side wall ii (315) is folded left on the front side of the right side wall (313), the first front side wall i (314) and the second front side wall ii (315) correspond left to right, the space between the first front side wall i (314) and the second front side wall ii (315) is formed as an opening (310) communicating with the arc extinguishing channel (30), the first permanent magnet i (32 a) is arranged on the side of the left side of the arc channel (30 b), and the second front side wall ii (313) is arranged opposite the permanent magnet (30 b).

3. An arc extinguishing device for a switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the polarity of the magnetic pole of the side of the first permanent magnet i (32 a) facing the first front side wall i (314) is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the side of the second permanent magnet ii (32 b) facing the second front side wall ii (315).

4. An arc extinguishing device for a switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the width of the left side wall (312) and the right side wall (313) is equal; the first front sidewall I (314) and the second front sidewall II (315) are equal in width.

5. An arc extinguishing device for a switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the width of the first permanent magnet I (32 a) is less than or equal to the width of the left side wall (312), while the height of the first permanent magnet I (32 a) is less than or equal to the height of the left side wall (312); the width of the second permanent magnet II (32 b) is smaller than or equal to the width of the right side wall (313), and the height of the second permanent magnet II (32 b) is smaller than or equal to the height of the right side wall (313).

6. An arc extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterised in that the first permanent magnet i (32 a) is arranged in a fixed manner on the side of the left side wall (312) facing away from the arcing channel (30), and the second permanent magnet ii (32 b) is arranged in a fixed manner on the side of the right side wall (313) facing away from the arcing channel (30).

7. An arc extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterised in that the fixing is by gluing, the first permanent magnet I (32 a) to the side of the left side wall (312) facing away from the arcing channel (30), and the second permanent magnet II (32 b) to the side of the right side wall (313) facing away from the arcing channel (30).

8. The arc extinguishing device of claim 6, wherein the fixing means is a snap-in type, a first permanent magnet snap-in cavity is formed on the side of the left side wall (312) facing away from the arc-blowing channel (30), a first permanent magnet I (32 a) is snap-in with the first permanent magnet snap-in cavity, a second permanent magnet snap-in cavity is formed on the side of the right side wall (313) facing away from the arc-blowing channel (30), and a second permanent magnet II (32 b) is snap-in with the second permanent magnet snap-in cavity.

9. An arc extinguishing device for a switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (31) is an insulating housing made of insulating material.

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