CN219609346U - Optical waveguide system and near-to-eye display device - Google Patents
Optical waveguide system and near-to-eye display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN219609346U CN219609346U CN202222928104.1U CN202222928104U CN219609346U CN 219609346 U CN219609346 U CN 219609346U CN 202222928104 U CN202222928104 U CN 202222928104U CN 219609346 U CN219609346 U CN 219609346U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical waveguide system and a near-eye display device. The optical waveguide system comprises a waveguide substrate, an in-coupling grating, a two-dimensional out-coupling grating and a one-dimensional out-coupling grating. The coupling-in grating is arranged on the waveguide substrate and used for coupling incident light into the waveguide substrate to form a diffraction beam and propagating in the waveguide substrate. The two-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the first side of the waveguide substrate. The one-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the second side of the waveguide substrate, the first side and the second side are opposite sides of the waveguide substrate, the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is at least overlapped with part of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate, and the diffracted light beam is coupled out of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating from the two-dimensional coupling-out grating after passing through the one-dimensional coupling-out grating and is used for carrying out homogenization regulation and control on the energy density of the passing diffracted light beam so as to make the coupling-out light of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating uniform. By means of the mode, the one-dimensional coupling-out grating can perform homogenization regulation and control on the coupling-out light energy density of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating, and FOV uniformity of a coupling-out image is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of optical imaging equipment, in particular to an optical waveguide system and near-eye display equipment.
Background
With the continuous development of the information age, the performance requirements of people on near-eye display devices in production and life are higher and higher, and various novel display technologies are layered endlessly, wherein a display system utilizing a holographic waveguide technology is a research hot spot in the field of current Augmented Reality (AR). Holographic waveguide is an optical technology for realizing large exit pupil and large field of view by using coupling-in grating, waveguide material and coupling-out grating, and combines diffraction characteristic of grating in holographic recording material and total reflection characteristic of light beam at boundary of waveguide medium.
In the holographic waveguide display structure, the light beam is diffracted out of the waveguide through the coupling-out grating after total reflection occurs on the inner surface of the waveguide material, but the capability of the coupling-out grating for expanding pupil is limited, and the phenomenon of uneven diffraction light can often occur, so that the uniformity of the overall image FOV (field of view) is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly solves the technical problem of providing an optical waveguide system and a near-eye display device, which can improve the problem of uneven brightness of a field of view.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts a technical scheme that: there is provided an optical waveguide system comprising:
a waveguide substrate;
the coupling-in grating is arranged on the waveguide substrate and is used for coupling incident light into the waveguide substrate to form a diffraction beam and propagating the diffraction beam in the waveguide substrate;
the two-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the first side of the waveguide substrate;
the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the second side of the waveguide substrate, the first side and the second side are opposite sides of the waveguide substrate, the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is at least overlapped with part of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate, the diffracted light beams are coupled out from the two-dimensional coupling-out grating after passing through the one-dimensional coupling-out grating, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is used for carrying out homogenization regulation and control on the energy density of the passing diffracted light beams so as to make the coupling-out light of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating uniform.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts a technical scheme that: a near-eye display device is provided comprising an image source and an optical waveguide system provided by the utility model, the image source emitting a light beam towards the optical waveguide system, the optical waveguide system coupling out the light beam.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: unlike the prior art, the optical waveguide system of the present utility model includes a waveguide substrate, an in-grating, a two-dimensional out-grating, and a one-dimensional out-grating. The coupling-in grating is arranged on the waveguide substrate and used for coupling incident light into the waveguide substrate to form a diffraction beam and propagating in the waveguide substrate. The two-dimensional coupling-out gratings and the one-dimensional coupling-out gratings are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the waveguide substrate. The two-dimensional coupling-out grating can couple the light beam coupled in by the coupling-in grating out of the waveguide substrate, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating can perform homogenization regulation and control on the energy density of the passing diffraction light beam, so that the brightness of the area with low energy of the coupled image of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating is consistent with that of other areas, and the FOV uniformity of the coupled image is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical waveguide system of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first side structure of an embodiment of an optical waveguide system of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second side structure of an embodiment of an optical waveguide system of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional outcoupling grating and a one-dimensional outcoupling grating according to an embodiment of the optical waveguide system of the present utility model;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second side structure of another embodiment of the optical waveguide system of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, mechanism, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, mechanisms, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to an embodiment of the utility model.
The near-eye display device 10 includes a wearing frame 11, a wearing frame 12, an image source 13, and an optical lens assembly 14. The wearing frame 12 is connected with the wearing frame 11. The image source 13 may also be referred to as a projection light engine.
The wearing frame 11 is provided with two window areas which are arranged at intervals, at least one window area of the two window areas is provided with an optical waveguide system 20, and the optical waveguide system 20 is the optical waveguide system provided by the utility model.
The image source 13 is arranged at one side of the light guide system 20 for generating light according to the image to be displayed. The optical lens assembly 14 is disposed between the image source 13 and the optical waveguide system 20, and is configured to input the light into the optical waveguide system 20 according to a preset rule, and at least one of the image source 13 and the optical lens assembly 14 is disposed at a connection position of the wearing frame 11 and the wearing frame 12.
It should be noted that, the near-eye display device in the present utility model may include smart glasses, virtual reality smart glasses, and the like. It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of the present utility model are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
In the present disclosure, the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In this embodiment, the optical waveguide system 20 includes an in-coupling grating 100, a waveguide substrate 200, a two-dimensional out-coupling grating 300, and a one-dimensional out-coupling grating 400.
The waveguide substrate 200 is a medium guiding light to propagate therein, and the light beam emits total reflection inside the waveguide substrate 200 for propagating light of the light source to the human eye, and the waveguide substrate 200 may be a planar optical waveguide. Optionally, the waveguide substrate 200 is high refractive index glass, and the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 200 is greater than or equal to 1.7 and less than or equal to 2.3, which is beneficial to ensuring the high refractive index characteristic of the waveguide substrate 200, and the high refractive index can improve the size of the angle of view, so as to realize an optical waveguide sheet with a super-large angle of view. Of course, different materials can be selected according to actual requirements.
The incoupling grating 100 is arranged on the waveguide substrate 200 for incoupling light of a light source into the waveguide substrate 200. The incident light is coupled into the waveguide substrate 200 through the coupling-in grating 100 to form a diffracted beam, and total reflection is emitted inside the waveguide substrate 200 for transmission.
In the present embodiment, the waveguide substrate 200 has two opposite sides in the thickness direction, namely, a first side 201 of the waveguide substrate 200 and a second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200. The incoupling grating 100 may be arranged on the surface of the first side 201 or on the surface of the second side 202, in this embodiment the incoupling grating being arranged on the surface of the first side 201.
Alternatively, the incoupling grating 100 is a one-dimensional grating, which may be selected from one or more of blazed, slanted, rectangular, double-ridged, and multi-layered gratings.
The two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is arranged on the surface of the first side 201 for coupling out the diffracted light beams coupled into the waveguide substrate 200 by the incoupling grating 100 from the first side 201.
In the present embodiment, the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is a two-dimensional grating, and the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 has a plurality of diffraction fields relative to a one-dimensional grating. However, the energy density of each diffraction field of the two-dimensional grating is different, and the diffraction field energy density is strongest at the zero order, resulting in uneven brightness of the coupled image of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300. Typically, the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 concentrates the energy of the outcoupled image in the central region, while the energy in the edge regions is weaker, ultimately resulting in poor image FOV uniformity.
Thus, in the present embodiment, a one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is further disposed on the second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200, and the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 overlaps at least a portion of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate 200.
As shown in fig. 2, after the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is provided, the diffracted light beam inside the waveguide substrate 200 can be incident on the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400. The one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400 performs homogenization control on the energy density of the incident diffracted light beams, and couples out the diffracted light beams from the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 after re-entering the waveguide substrate 200. Due to the homogenization regulation function of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400, the problem of different energy densities caused by different diffraction fields of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 is solved, the coupling-out light energy of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 is uniform, and finally the brightness of the coupled image is uniform.
For example, in this embodiment, the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 can increase the energy density of the diffraction field in the edge region of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, so that the diffraction field in the edge region of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is compensated, the brightness of the coupled image in the region is increased, and the uniformity of the brightness of the coupled image is improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first side structure of an embodiment of an optical waveguide system according to the present utility model, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second side structure of an embodiment of an optical waveguide system according to the present utility model.
Further, the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 may include a first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and a second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420, the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 being adjacently spaced apart on the second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200.
The first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are one-dimensional gratings, alternatively one-dimensional gratings may be selected from one or more of blazed gratings, slanted gratings, rectangular gratings, double-ridged gratings, and multi-layered gratings.
The first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are both used for performing homogenization adjustment and control on the energy density of the diffracted beam passing through, so as to compensate the area where the energy of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is weaker than that of the coupled image, and further improve the uniformity of the brightness of the coupled image.
In order to satisfy the requirement of compensating the area where the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 has weak energy, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of grating vectors of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating and the one-dimensional outcoupling grating according to an embodiment of the optical waveguide system of the present utility model.
Since the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is a two-dimensional grating, it has at least a plurality of grating vectors, with the energy of the outcoupled light being different on different grating vectors. The grating vector directions of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 need to be parallel to the grating vector direction of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, where the energy of the outcoupled light beam is lower, so as to achieve the effect of compensating the area where the energy of the coupled image of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is weaker.
Specifically, the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 comprises at least a first space vector K1, a second space vector K2, a third space vector K3, a fourth space vector K4, a fifth space vector K5, and a sixth space vector K6. Adjacent vectors of the first space vector K1, the second space vector K2, the third space vector K3, the fourth space vector K4, the fifth space vector K5 and the sixth space vector K6 form an included angle of 60 degrees.
In this embodiment, the diffraction order of the first space vector K1 is (1, 1), the diffraction order of the second space vector K1 is (2, 0), the diffraction order of the third space vector K3 is (1, -1), the diffraction order of the fourth space vector K4 is (-1, -1), the diffraction order of the fifth space vector K5 is (-2, 0), and the diffraction order of the sixth space vector K6 is (-1, 1).
Wherein the diffraction field coupling-out light energy density of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 on the second space vector K2 and the fifth space vector K5 is maximized.
The grating vectors of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 include a grating vector Ka of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and a grating vector Kb of the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420, wherein the grating vector Ka of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the grating vector Kb of the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are symmetrical.
In the present embodiment, the grating vector Ka of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 is parallel to at least the first space vector K1 and the fourth space vector K4, and the grating vector Kb of the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 is parallel to at least the third space vector K3 and the sixth space vector K6.
Therefore, the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 can compensate the energy densities of the diffraction fields of the first space vector K1, the fourth space vector K4, the third space vector K3 and the sixth space vector K6 of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, so that the energy densities of the outcoupled light of the diffraction fields are consistent with the energy densities of the outcoupled light of the diffraction fields on the second space vector K2 and the fifth space vector K5, and the uniformity of the brightness of the outcoupled image is improved.
As can be seen from the above, the brightness of the coupled image of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 has non-uniformity, and the portion with larger energy of the coupled image is concentrated in the center of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300. With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the diffracted light beam coupled into the waveguide substrate 200 by the coupling-in grating 100 includes a first region a and a second region B in the coupling-out region of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300.
The first area a is located at the center of the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300, and the second area B is located at the periphery of the center of the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300, i.e. the second area B surrounds the first area a. The first area a and the second area B shown in the figure are only schematic and the actual first area a and the second area B need to be based on specific parameters of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300.
When the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is not provided, the outcoupling energy density of the diffracted light beam in the waveguide substrate 200 is larger in the first region a than in the second region B.
The diffracted light beam coupled into the waveguide substrate 200 by the coupling-in grating 100 comprises a third region C and a fourth region D in the one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400 coupling-out region. Wherein the third region C is opposite to the first region a and the fourth region D is opposite to the second region B.
Since the energy density of the diffracted beam in the waveguide substrate 200 in the first region a is greater than the energy density of the diffracted beam in the second region B when the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is not provided, if it is required to achieve uniform brightness of the final outcoupled image, the energy density of the diffracted beam in the fourth region D may be greater than the energy density of the diffracted beam in the third region C, so as to perform a uniform adjustment and control function on the energy density of the diffracted beam passing through the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400.
In order to achieve the effect that the energy density of the diffracted beam in the fourth area D is greater than the energy density of the diffracted beam in the third area C, the depth and/or the duty cycle of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 may be adjusted such that the depth and/or the duty cycle of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 in the third area C is different from the depth and/or the duty cycle of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 in the fourth area D.
For example, the duty cycle of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 in the third area C may be set to be close to 1 or close to 0, and the duty cycle of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 in the fourth area D may be set between 0 and 1, where the outcoupling energy of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 in the third area C is almost 0, and the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is equivalent to a glass surface in the third area C, but the diffracted beam transmitted in the waveguide substrate 200 may be outcoupled in the fourth area D of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400, and the outcoupling energy density of the diffracted beam in the fourth area D is greater than that in the third area C, so as to compensate for the non-uniformity of the brightness of the coupled image of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, thereby improving the uniformity of the brightness of the final coupled image.
The foregoing embodiments compensate for the non-uniformity of the brightness of the coupled image of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 by adjusting the coupling-out energy densities of the diffracted light beams in the waveguide substrate 200 in different regions of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400 by setting the depths and/or the duty ratios of the different regions of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400.
In another embodiment of the present utility model, the position of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 may be adjusted to compensate for the non-uniformity of the brightness of the coupled image of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second side structure of another embodiment of the optical waveguide system of the present utility model.
In this embodiment, the optical waveguide system 20 includes the coupling-in grating 100, the waveguide substrate 200, the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating 400, and the description of the coupling-in grating 100, the waveguide substrate 200, and the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 may be referred to in the description of the above embodiments.
In this embodiment, the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 may include a first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and a second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420, where the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are adjacently disposed at a distance from each other on the second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200, and the grating vector of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 is symmetrical to the grating vector of the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420.
The first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are one-dimensional gratings, alternatively one-dimensional gratings may be selected from one or more of blazed gratings, slanted gratings, rectangular gratings, double-ridged gratings, and multi-layered gratings.
Both the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 are used to compensate for areas of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 where the energy of the outcoupled image is weak, so as to improve the uniformity of the brightness of the outcoupled image. Since the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 is a two-dimensional grating, it has at least a plurality of grating vectors, with the energy of the outcoupled light being different on different grating vectors. The grating vector directions of the first one-dimensional outcoupling grating 410 and the second one-dimensional outcoupling grating 420 need to be the same as the grating vector direction of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, in which the energy of the outcoupled light beam is lower, so as to achieve the effect of compensating the area of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, in which the energy of the outcoupled image is weaker.
The coupled image brightness of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300 has non-uniformity, and the portion of the coupled image with larger energy is concentrated in the center of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300. The first area a is located at the center of the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300, and the second area B is located at the periphery of the center of the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300, i.e. the second area B surrounds the first area a.
The diffracted light beam coupled into the waveguide substrate 200 by the coupling-in grating 100 comprises a first area a and a second area B in the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating 300. The diffracted light beam within the waveguide substrate 200 has a greater outcoupling energy density in the first region a than in the second region B.
Assuming that the area where the energy of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 outcoupled from the image is weak needs to be compensated, the energy of the diffracted beam of the waveguide substrate 200 can be compensated in the second area B of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is disposed at a position opposite to the second region B of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 in the second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200, and the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 outcouples light beams at the second side 202 of the waveguide substrate 200 and the second region B, so as to compensate for the region with weak energy of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 outcoupling image, so as to play a role in homogenizing and controlling the energy density of the diffracted light beams passing through the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400.
The first region a is located at a central portion of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300 and the second region B is located at a peripheral portion of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, so that the second region B is closer to an edge of the first side 201 of the waveguide substrate 200 than the first region a. Similarly, one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is disposed around the perimeter of second side 202 of waveguide substrate 200.
In this embodiment, the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 compensates the energy of the diffracted beam in the second region B of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, and no device is disposed in the region of the second side of the waveguide substrate 200 corresponding to the first region a of the two-dimensional outcoupling grating 300, so that the area of the one-dimensional outcoupling grating 400 is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the rainbow effect of the double-sided grating is also alleviated compared with the previous embodiment.
In summary, the utility model provides an optical waveguide system and a near-to-eye display device embodiment, wherein the optical waveguide system is provided with a one-dimensional coupling-out grating and a two-dimensional coupling-out grating on two sides of a waveguide substrate, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating can compensate the energy of a coupling-out image of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating, so that the FOV uniformity of the coupling-out image of the optical waveguide system is improved.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An optical waveguide system, comprising:
a waveguide substrate;
the coupling-in grating is arranged on the waveguide substrate and is used for coupling incident light into the waveguide substrate to form a diffraction beam and propagating the diffraction beam in the waveguide substrate;
the two-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the first side of the waveguide substrate;
the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the second side of the waveguide substrate, the first side and the second side are opposite sides of the waveguide substrate, the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is at least overlapped with part of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating in the thickness direction of the waveguide substrate, the diffracted light beams are coupled out from the two-dimensional coupling-out grating after passing through the one-dimensional coupling-out grating, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is used for carrying out homogenization regulation and control on the energy density of the passing diffracted light beams so as to make the coupling-out light of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating uniform.
2. The optical waveguide system of claim 1 wherein,
the two-dimensional coupling-out grating is provided with a plurality of grating vectors, and the direction of the grating vectors of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is parallel to part of the grating vectors of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating.
3. The optical waveguide system of claim 2, wherein,
the one-dimensional coupling-out grating comprises a first one-dimensional coupling-out grating and a second one-dimensional coupling-out grating which are adjacently arranged on the second side, and a grating vector Ka of the first one-dimensional coupling-out grating is symmetrical with a grating vector Kb of the second one-dimensional coupling-out grating.
4. The optical waveguide system according to claim 3, wherein,
the grating vectors of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating comprise a first space vector K1, a second space vector K2, a third space vector K3, a fourth space vector K4, a fifth space vector K5 and a sixth space vector K6 which are sequentially formed by 60-degree included angles, the grating vector Ka of the first one-dimensional coupling-out grating is parallel to the first space vector K1 and the fourth space vector K4, and the grating vector Kb of the second one-dimensional coupling-out grating is parallel to the third space vector K3 and the sixth space vector K6.
5. The optical waveguide system of claim 4 wherein,
the first space vector K1 has a diffraction order of (1, 1), the second space vector K1 has a diffraction order of (2, 0), the third space vector K3 has a diffraction order of (1, -1), the fourth space vector K4 has a diffraction order of (-1, -1), the fifth space vector K5 has a diffraction order of (-2, 0), and the sixth space vector K6 has a diffraction order of (-1, 1).
6. The optical waveguide system of claim 1 wherein,
the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating comprises a first area positioned in the center and a second area positioned at the periphery, the coupling-out area of the one-dimensional coupling-out grating comprises a third area and a fourth area, the third area is opposite to the first area, the fourth area is opposite to the second area, and the energy density of the coupling-out light beam of the fourth area is larger than that of the third area.
7. The optical waveguide system of claim 6 wherein,
the one-dimensional outcoupling grating has a depth and/or duty cycle in the third region that is different from the depth and/or duty cycle of the grating in the fourth region such that the outcoupling beam energy density in the fourth region is greater than the outcoupling beam energy density in the third region.
8. The optical waveguide system of claim 1 wherein,
the coupling-out area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating comprises a first area positioned in the center and a second area positioned at the periphery, and the one-dimensional coupling-out grating is arranged on the second side and opposite to the second area of the two-dimensional coupling-out grating.
9. The optical waveguide system of claim 1 wherein,
the one-dimensional coupled grating is any one of blazed grating, inclined grating, rectangular grating, double-ridge grating and multi-layer grating.
10. A near-eye display device comprising an image source and an optical waveguide system according to any of claims 1-9, the image source emitting a light beam towards the optical waveguide system, the optical waveguide system coupling out the light beam.
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