CN219511250U - Reduction smelting device - Google Patents
Reduction smelting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN219511250U CN219511250U CN202320734572.7U CN202320734572U CN219511250U CN 219511250 U CN219511250 U CN 219511250U CN 202320734572 U CN202320734572 U CN 202320734572U CN 219511250 U CN219511250 U CN 219511250U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reduction smelting device. The reduction smelting device includes: the device comprises a molten pool reaction zone, a gas phase reaction zone and at least one top-combustion injection device, wherein the molten pool reaction zone is provided with at least one side blowing opening and at least one melt discharge opening; the gas phase reaction zone is provided with at least one first feeding hole and a smoke outlet, the molten pool reaction zone is communicated with the gas phase reaction zone, the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone is higher than the top of the molten pool reaction zone, and the first feeding hole is used for feeding mineral aggregate to be smelted; the top-combustion injection device is used for injecting oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel into the gas-phase reaction zone. The reduction device can improve the temperature of a molten pool, improve the utilization efficiency of fuel and reduce the unit consumption of fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to copper nickel sulphide ore smelting, in particular to a reduction smelting device.
Background
The side-blown smelting technology is widely applied to the fields of copper-nickel sulphide ore smelting, laterite-nickel ore smelting, solid waste disposal, zinc slag treatment and the like. In the production practice of traditional side-blown reduction smelting, in order to ensure the reducing atmosphere in a molten pool, fuel, reducing agent and insufficient oxygen-enriched air are insufficiently introduced into the molten pool area of a side-blown furnace through side-blown air holes, and a large amount of insufficiently combusted CO and CH are formed in the upper gas phase area of the side-blown furnace 4 And (3) waiting for gas. Although these insufficiently combusted gas media can be post-combusted by blowing in secondary air and tertiary air through the secondary air port or tertiary air port, the heat of the flue gas cannot be effectively utilized for raising the temperature of the molten pool, and the consumption of fuel such as pulverized coal is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly aims to provide a reduction smelting device, which solves the problems that the prior smelting device for a molten pool can carry out secondary combustion on a gas medium which is not fully combusted through blowing secondary air and tertiary air of a secondary air port or a tertiary air port, but can not effectively utilize the heat of flue gas to raise the temperature of the molten pool, and has large consumption of fuel such as coal dust.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a reduction smelting apparatus including: the device comprises a molten pool reaction zone, a gas phase reaction zone and at least one top-combustion injection device, wherein the molten pool reaction zone is provided with at least one side blowing opening and at least one melt discharge opening; the gas phase reaction zone is provided with at least one first feeding hole and a smoke outlet, the molten pool reaction zone is communicated with the gas phase reaction zone, the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone is higher than the top of the molten pool reaction zone, and the first feeding hole is used for feeding mineral aggregate to be smelted; the top-combustion injection device is used for injecting oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel into the gas-phase reaction zone.
Further, the gas phase reaction zone is vertically arranged above the molten pool reaction zone.
Further, a top-firing injection device is disposed at the top of the gas phase reaction zone.
Further, the angle between the injection direction of the top-combustion injection device and the vertical direction is-10 degrees.
Further, the top-firing injection device is a single-channel spray gun, and the outlet end of the top-firing injection device is immersed in the gas-phase reaction zone.
Further, the top-combustion injection device is a multi-channel spray gun comprising a combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel which are coaxially arranged, and the outlet end of the top-combustion injection device is immersed in the gas-phase reaction zone.
Further, the height of the outlet end of the top-combustion injection device is 0.5-1.5 m from the liquid level of the molten pool reaction zone.
Further, the molten pool reaction zone also comprises at least one side-blowing injection device, the side-blowing injection device enters the molten pool reaction zone through a side-blowing opening, the outlet end of the side-blowing injection device is immersed below the liquid level of the melt, and the included angle between the side-blowing injection device and the horizontal direction is 0-10 degrees, so that oxygen and/or fuel are injected into the molten pool reaction zone.
Further, the reduction smelting device includes: the melt discharge area is positioned at the outer side of the molten pool reaction area, and the partition wall is used for separating the molten pool reaction area from the melt discharge area.
By adopting the technical scheme of the utility model, the reaction material enters the reaction zone of the molten pool through the first feed inlet and is subjected to side-blown reduction smelting, and CO and CH which are not fully combusted are obtained 4 The gases escape upward into the gas phase reaction zone. By injecting the oxygen-containing gas and/or the fuel into the gas-phase reaction zone by the top-combustion injection device, the above-mentioned insufficiently reacted gas can be sufficiently combusted. At the same time, because the top combustion injection device injects oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel and generates certain pressure, the burnt flue gas covers the surface of the molten pool again under the driving of the pressure, and the heat in the flue gas are combinedFoam in the vigorously stirred molten pool is subjected to full heat exchange, and then heat is transferred back to the melt after the foam falls back to a reaction zone of the molten pool, so that the temperature of the molten pool can be increased, and the process can play a role in improving the fuel utilization efficiency and reducing the fuel unit consumption.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side-blown smelting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a side-blown smelting apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present utility model.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a molten pool reaction zone; 101. a side blow port; 102. a melt discharge port; 20. a gas phase reaction zone; 201. a first feed inlet; 202. a smoke outlet; 203. a second feed inlet; 30. a top-firing injection device; 40. a melt discharge zone; 50. partition walls.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to examples.
As described in the background art, although the conventional bath smelting device can perform secondary combustion on the gas medium which is not fully combusted by blowing in secondary air and tertiary air through the secondary air port or the tertiary air port, the heat of flue gas cannot be effectively utilized for raising the temperature of the bath, and the problem of high consumption of fuel such as coal dust exists. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a reduction smelting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising: a molten pool reaction zone 10 and a gas phase reaction zone 20 and at least one top-firing injection device 30. The melt pool reaction zone 10 is provided with at least one side-blow port 101 and at least one melt-discharge port 102; the gas-phase reaction zone 20 is provided with at least one first feeding hole 201 and a smoke outlet 202, the molten pool reaction zone 10 is communicated with the gas-phase reaction zone 20, the bottom of the gas-phase reaction zone 20 is higher than the top of the molten pool reaction zone 10, and the first feeding hole 201 is used for feeding mineral aggregate to be smelted; the top-combustion injection device 30 is used to inject oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone 20.
The reaction material enters the molten pool reaction zone 10 through the first charging port 201, and is subjected to side-blown reduction smelting, and CO and CH which are not fully combusted are obtained 4 The gases escape upwardly into the gas phase reaction zone 20. The gas phase reaction zone 20 is injected with the oxygen-containing gas and/or the fuel by the top-combustion injection device 30, whereby the above-mentioned insufficiently reacted gas can be sufficiently combusted. Meanwhile, as the top combustion injection device 30 injects oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel and generates certain pressure, the burnt flue gas is covered on the surface of the molten pool again under the driving of the pressure, heat in the flue gas and foam in the vigorously stirred molten pool are subjected to full heat exchange, and then the heat is transferred back to the melt after the flue gas falls back to the molten pool reaction zone 10, so that the temperature of the molten pool can be increased, and the process can play a role in improving the fuel utilization efficiency and reducing the fuel unit consumption. (in the electric furnace smelting process, the materials in the molten pool are in a near static state, so that the smelting temperature cannot be improved by heat exchange)
The gas phase reaction zone 20 may be of any geometric solid configuration and height so long as the above-described purpose is met. In order to further increase the rate of flow of flue gas to the gas phase reaction zone 20 while increasing the efficiency of heat exchange, it is preferred that the gas phase reaction zone 20 be disposed vertically above the melt pool reaction zone 10, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the top-firing injection device 30 is disposed at the top of the gas phase reaction zone 20, which facilitates increasing the contact area of oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel with unreacted gas in the molten bath smelting zone, thereby facilitating increased combustion efficiency. More preferably, the injection direction of the top-firing injection device 30 is at an angle of-10 to 10 ° from the vertical.
In a preferred embodiment, the top-firing injection device 30 is a single-pass lance, and the outlet end of the top-firing injection device 30 is submerged in the gas-phase reaction zone 20. When the top-firing injection device 30 is a single-channel lance, an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen or oxygen-enriched air) is injected into the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through the top-firing injection device 30, and fuel is directly added into the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through a second feed port, or fuel is injected into the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through an additional lance. Immersing the outlet end of the first jet in the gas phase reaction zone 20 provides agitation of the gas in the gas phase reaction zone 20, thereby facilitating further improvements in combustion efficiency and supplemental heat efficiency to the molten pool reaction zone 10.
In another preferred embodiment, the top-firing injection device 30 is a multi-channel lance comprising co-axially disposed combustion gas channels and fuel channels, and the outlet end of the top-firing injection device 30 is submerged in the gas phase reaction zone 20. In order to improve the combustion efficiency, it is preferable that the fuel passage is provided inside the combustion-supporting gas passage. The fuel enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 by self gravity, and the fuel gas enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 at 20-200 m/s.
In a preferred embodiment, the height of the outlet end of the top-firing injection device 30 is 0.5 to 1.5m from the level of the bath reaction zone 10. The height of the outlet end of the top-firing injection device 30 includes, but is not limited to, the above range, and the effect of reducing the smoke rate can be achieved while the top-firing is being performed, and the heat is being supplemented to the molten pool.
In yet another preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen or oxygen-enriched air) enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 via a top-firing injection device 30, and fuel is added to the gas phase reaction zone 20 via a second feed port 203 to achieve top-firing.
To further increase the reduction depth of the bath reaction zone 10, in a preferred embodiment, the bath reaction zone 10 further comprises at least one side-blown injection device, which enters the bath reaction zone 10 through a side-blown port 101, the outlet end of which is submerged below the level of the melt and which is at an angle of 0-10 ° to the horizontal for injecting oxygen and/or fuel into the bath reaction zone 10.
In a preferred embodiment, the side-blown injection device is a single channel lance. In another preferred embodiment, the side-blown injection device is a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion gas channel and a fuel channel arranged coaxially.
When the side-blown injection apparatus is a single-channel lance, the reducing atmosphere in the molten pool reaction zone 10 is maintained by controlling the ratio of the oxygen content in the co-gas in the co-side-blown lance to the amount of fuel added from the first feed port 201. When the side-blown injection device is a multi-channel lance, the reducing atmosphere in the bath reaction zone 10 is maintained by controlling the ratio of the oxygen content in the combustion-supporting gas channel to the fuel content in the fuel channel. Preferably, the amount of oxygen required per ton of side blown stock is not 150 to 300Nm 3 /t。
In a preferred embodiment, the reduction smelting plant includes: a melt-discharging area 40 and a partition wall 50, the melt-discharging area 40 being located outside the molten pool reaction area 10, and the partition wall 50 being used to separate the molten pool reaction area 10 from the melt-discharging area 40. Preferably, the partition wall 50 is deep 100 to 300mm below the slag layer.
In a preferred embodiment, the oxygen-rich concentrations of both the bath reaction zone 10 and the gas phase reaction zone 20 are 60-80% and the oxygen content of the bath reaction zone 10 is lower than the theoretical oxygen demand required for complete combustion and the oxygen content of the gas phase reaction zone 20 is higher than the theoretical oxygen demand required for complete combustion, calculated on a stoichiometric basis.
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the bath reaction zone 10 is from 1.2 to 1.4bar and the pressure in the gas phase reaction zone 20 is from 0.1 to 4bar. Limiting the pressure of the bath reaction zone 10 to the above range allows as much oxygen as possible to be immersed into the bath, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel. While limiting the pressure of the gas phase reaction zone 20 to the above-described range is advantageous in further improving the entry of the flue gas in the gas phase reaction zone 20 into the molten pool reaction zone 10 and heat exchange therewith, thereby further reducing the fuel consumption.
The utility model is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model as claimed.
Example 1
A side-blown top-fired reduction laterite smelting device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following parts:
(1) Molten pool reaction zone 10:
the length of the side blowing eye area is 9600mm, the width is 2500mm, the total height of the hearth is 7500mm, the liquid level of the nickel matte is 500m, and the thickness of the slag layer is 800mm;
the side wall of the reaction zone is provided with 28 side-blowing spraying devices (multi-channel side-blowing immersed air guns), and the air supply quantity in each air gun is 800Nm 3 And/h, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 50-90%, the pressure is 250-400 kPa, and the coal powder injection amount in each air gun is 300-500 kg/h.
(2) Gas phase reaction zone 20:
a first feed port 201 is provided for feeding mineral aggregate; also comprises 3 top-combustion injection devices 30 (multi-channel top-combustion guns), the feeding amount of the single top-combustion injection device 30 is 10-50 t/h (mixture of coal and mineral aggregate), and the outer sleeve of the single top-combustion injection device 30 is filled with 1000-3000 Nm oxygen-enriched air 3 And/h, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 60-80%, and the air gun pressure is 30-800 kPa; one smoke outlet 202, 3.8x2.5m, is provided.
(3) There are 2 melt vents 102, one for normal vents and one for accident vents.
(4) The mixed melt discharging area 40 is separated from the gas phase reaction area 20 by a partition wall 50, and the partition wall 50 penetrates 100mm to 300mm below the slag layer.
Example 2
A side-blown top-combustion lead slag reduction device comprises the following parts:
(1) Molten pool reaction zone 10:
the length of the side blowing air eye area is 7000mm, the width is 2500mm, the total height of the hearth is 6000mm, the height of the lead slag liquid level is 500-1500 mm, and the thickness of the lead layer is 100-400 mm;
the side wall of the reaction zone is provided with 18 side blowing spraying devices (multi-channel side blowing immersed air guns), and the air supply quantity in each air gun is 400-600 Nm 3 Per hour, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 50%, the pressure is 250-400 kPa, and the natural gas inlet amount in each air gun is 50-100 Nm 3 /h。
(2) Gas phase reaction zone 20:
the reaction zone is provided with a first charging port 201, and the first charging port 201 is used for charging oreMaterial preparation; also comprises 1 top-combustion injection device 30 (multi-channel top-combustion gun), the feeding quantity of single top-combustion injection device 30 is 10-30 t/h (mixture of mineral aggregate and coal), and the oxygen-enriched air quantity of 1000-2000 Nm is introduced into the outer sleeve 3 And/h, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 60-80%, and the air gun pressure is 30-800 kPa; adding 1.5-3 t lump coal per hour through a charging port; one smoke outlet 202, 3.8x2.5m, is provided.
(3) There are provided 2 slag discharge ports (1 normal slag discharge port, 1 accident slag discharge port) and 1 lead discharge port (melt discharge port 102).
Example 3
A side-blown top-fired reduction smelting laterite ore device, which comprises the following parts:
(1) Molten pool reaction zone 10:
the length of the side blowing eye area is 10200mm, the width is 2500mm, the total height of the hearth is 7500mm, the liquid level of the nickel matte is 500m, and the thickness of the slag layer is 800mm;
the side wall of the reaction zone is provided with 30 side-blowing spraying devices (multi-channel side-blowing immersed air guns), and the air supply quantity in each air gun is 800Nm 3 And/h, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 40-80%, the pressure is 200-400 kPa, and the coal powder injection amount in each air gun is 200-400 kg/h.
(2) Gas phase reaction zone 20:
the reaction zone is provided with a first feed inlet 201 for feeding mineral aggregate and a second feed inlet 203 for feeding fuel, the first feed inlet 201 being provided for feeding mineral aggregate. The side of each second charging hole 203 is also provided with 1 top-combustion injection device 30 (single-channel fuel gun), the charging amount of the single second charging hole 203 is 10-50 t/h, and the oxygen-enriched air amount of the single top-combustion injection device 30 is 1000-3000 Nm 3 And/h, the oxygen enrichment concentration is 50-60%, and the air gun pressure is 30-800 kPa; one smoke outlet 202 is provided, 3.8x2.8m.
(3) There are provided 2 slag discharge ports (1 normal slag discharge port, 1 accident slag discharge port) and 1 nickel matte discharge port (melt discharge port 102).
(4) The mixed melt discharging area 40 is separated from the gas phase reaction area 20 by a partition wall 50, and the partition wall 50 penetrates 100mm to 300mm below the slag layer.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present utility model has been described aboveThe embodiment of (2) realizes the following technical effects: the reaction material enters a molten pool reaction zone through a first charging port and is subjected to side-blown reduction smelting, and CO and CH which are not fully combusted are obtained 4 The gases escape upward into the gas phase reaction zone. By injecting the oxygen-containing gas and/or the fuel into the gas-phase reaction zone by the top-combustion injection device, the above-mentioned insufficiently reacted gas can be sufficiently combusted. Meanwhile, as the top combustion injection device sprays oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel and generates certain pressure, under the driving of the pressure, the burnt flue gas is covered on the surface of the molten pool again, heat in the flue gas and foam in the vigorously stirred molten pool are subjected to full heat exchange, and then the heat is returned to the melt after the flue gas falls back to a reaction zone of the molten pool, so that the temperature of the molten pool can be increased, and the process can play a role in improving the fuel utilization efficiency and reducing the fuel unit consumption.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those described herein.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A reduction smelting apparatus, characterized in that the reduction smelting apparatus comprises:
a molten bath reaction zone (10), said molten bath reaction zone (10) being provided with at least one side-blow opening (101) and at least one melt-discharge opening (102);
the gas-phase reaction zone (20), the gas-phase reaction zone (20) is provided with at least one first feeding hole (201) and a smoke outlet (202), the molten pool reaction zone (10) is communicated with the gas-phase reaction zone (20), the bottom of the gas-phase reaction zone (20) is higher than the top of the molten pool reaction zone (10), and the first feeding hole (201) is used for feeding mineral aggregate to be smelted;
at least one top-firing injection device (30), the top-firing injection device (30) being used for injecting oxygen-containing gas and/or fuel into the gas-phase reaction zone (20).
2. The reduction smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas phase reaction zone (20) is disposed vertically above the molten pool reaction zone (10).
3. The reduction smelting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the top-firing injection apparatus (30) is disposed at the top of the gas phase reaction zone (20).
4. A reduction smelting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the injection direction of the top-firing injection device (30) is at an angle of-10 to 10 ° to the vertical.
5. A reduction smelting plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the top-firing injection device (30) is a single-channel lance and the outlet end of the top-firing injection device (30) is submerged in the gas-phase reaction zone (20).
6. A reduction smelting apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the top-firing injection apparatus (30) is a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion gas channel and a fuel channel arranged coaxially, and that the outlet end of the top-firing injection apparatus (30) is submerged in the gas phase reaction zone (20).
7. The reduction smelting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the outlet end of the top-firing injection device (30) is 0.5-1.5 m from the level of the molten bath reaction zone (10).
8. The reduction smelting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bath reaction zone (10) further comprises at least one side-blown injection device, which enters the bath reaction zone (10) through the side-blown port (101), the outlet end of which is submerged below the level of the melt, and which has an angle of 0-10 ° with the horizontal to inject oxygen and/or fuel into the bath reaction zone (10).
9. The reduction smelting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the side-blown injection apparatus is a single-channel lance or a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion gas channel and a fuel channel that are coaxially arranged.
10. The reduction smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reduction smelting apparatus comprises: a melt discharge zone (40) and a partition wall (50), the melt discharge zone (40) being located outside the melt pool reaction zone (10), and the partition wall (50) being used to separate the melt pool reaction zone (10) from the melt discharge zone (40).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320734572.7U CN219511250U (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2023-04-04 | Reduction smelting device |
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| CN202320734572.7U CN219511250U (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2023-04-04 | Reduction smelting device |
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