CN219498250U - Terminal connecting assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a terminal connection assembly for electrically connecting a socket with a vehicle-end electrical connector, the terminal connection assembly comprising: the socket comprises at least one female terminal arranged on the socket, wherein the female terminal is provided with a jack body and at least one male terminal arranged on the vehicle-end electric connector, the male terminal is provided with a contact part, and the contact part is arranged to be inserted into the jack body to electrically connect the male terminal and the female terminal. Therefore, the female terminal and the male terminal are directly connected in an opposite-plug manner, the traditional process steps of crimping or welding the terminals and the cable are omitted, the butt joint space between the electric connectors is saved, and the stability of electric connection between the terminals is improved.

Description

Terminal connecting assembly

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical connectors, and more particularly, to a terminal connection assembly.

Background

The electric appliances on the market generally need to be connected to the power grid to supply power by the power grid, but once emergency situations such as power shortage, power outage and the like occur in the power grid, the electric appliances cannot be used.

As a movable distributed energy storage device, electric vehicles have considerable stored electric energy due to the large number. Therefore, the electric energy in the electric automobile in the idle state is effectively utilized, and the problem that the automobile discharges to the load is needed to be solved at present.

During the vehicle-to-load discharging process, the electrical connection between the male and female terminals is typically achieved by crimping the female terminal to one end of the cable while the other end of the cable is crimped to the male terminal. Therefore, if the crimping process is inaccurate, the male end and the female end are easily connected in an instable manner, and meanwhile, a certain space is needed for routing, so that the manufacturing cost is wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a terminal connection assembly, which can omit the traditional process steps of crimping or welding the terminal and the cable, save the butting space between the electric connectors (male end and female end), and improve the stability of electric connection between the terminals.

Provided herein is a terminal connection assembly for electrically connecting a socket with a vehicle end electrical connector, the terminal connection assembly comprising:

at least one female terminal provided on the socket, the female terminal having a jack body, and

at least one male terminal disposed on the vehicle-end electrical connector, the male terminal having a contact portion,

the contact portion is configured to be inserted into the jack body to electrically connect the male terminal and the female terminal.

Preferably, the male end terminal is interference fit with the female end terminal.

Preferably, the interference magnitude of the interference fit of the male end terminal and the female end terminal is 0.1mm-0.3mm.

Preferably, the male terminal further comprises a connecting portion connected with the contact portion, the connecting portion is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the contact portion is made of copper or copper alloy.

Preferably, the material of the contact portion and/or the connection portion is tellurium copper alloy.

Preferably, the tellurium content in the material of the contact portion and/or the connection portion is 0.1% -5%.

Preferably, the contact portion and/or the connection portion has a plating layer thereon.

Preferably, the material of the plating layer on the contact portion is inconsistent with the material of the plating layer on the connection portion.

Preferably, the plating layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

Preferably, the plating layer includes a bottom layer and a surface layer.

Preferably, the bottom layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc; the surface layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

Preferably, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 15 μm.

Preferably, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

Preferably, the skin layer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 55. Mu.m.

Preferably, the skin layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm to 35 μm.

Preferably, the front end of the jack body is divided into at least two elastic arms by an axially extending slot, the tail ends of the elastic arms are circumferentially surrounded to form a plug hole, and the contact part is inserted into the plug hole.

Preferably, the rear end of the jack body is a cylindrical body, and the inner diameter of the plugging hole is smaller than the radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body.

Preferably, a guide portion extends continuously in the axial direction from the tip end of the elastic arm, the tip end of the guide portion circumferentially surrounds a guide hole, and the hole inner diameter of the guide hole is larger than the hole inner diameter of the insertion hole.

Preferably, the guide portion is configured as an arc rib protruding radially outward with respect to an outer peripheral surface of the elastic arm, the arc rib circumferentially enclosing an annular rib having a radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body of less than or equal to a radial maximum diameter.

Preferably, the outer surface of the arcuate rib is inclined radially outwardly relative to the outer surface of the resilient arm at an angle of from 2 ° to 3 °.

Preferably, adjacent ones of said arcuate ribs are in at least partial contact.

Preferably, an inner surface of the guide portion is provided with a guide slope extending obliquely in an insertion direction of the male terminal.

Preferably, the guide slope is inclined at an angle of 21 ° -24 ° with respect to the inner surface of the guide portion.

Preferably, the extending end of the guide slope is closer to the rear end of the jack body than the connection of the guide portion and the elastic arm.

Preferably, the contact portion is in abutting contact with the extension end of the guide slope.

Preferably, the circumferential width of the elastic arm gradually increases in the pull-out direction of the male terminal.

Preferably, the vehicle-end electrical connector is used for being electrically connected with an alternating-current vehicle-mounted discharge machine.

Preferably, at least one of the female terminals includes a power supply terminal and a signal terminal

According to the terminal connecting assembly disclosed by the utility model, the following beneficial effects are brought:

1. the female terminal and the male terminal are directly connected in an opposite-plug manner, so that the traditional process steps of crimping or welding the terminals and the cable are omitted, the butt joint space between the electric connectors is saved, and the stability of electric connection between the terminals is improved.

2. And a guide part extends from the tail end of the elastic arm continuously along the axial direction, the tail end of the guide part circumferentially surrounds a guide hole, and the inner diameter of the guide hole is larger than that of the plug hole. Thus, the male terminal can be smoothly guided to be inserted into the jack body.

3. The inner surface of the guide portion is provided with a guide slope extending obliquely in the insertion direction of the male terminal, whereby the male terminal can be inserted into the jack body along the guide slope.

4. The contact part of the male terminal is in abutting contact with the extending tail end of the guide inclined plane, so that interference fit of the male terminal and the female terminal can be realized, and further, the stability of electric connection is realized.

Other features of the present utility model and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the utility model, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first view of a terminal connection assembly of the preferred embodiments herein;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the vehicle end discharge adapter of the preferred embodiment herein;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a second view of a terminal connection assembly of the preferred embodiments herein;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of a third view of a terminal connection assembly of the preferred embodiments herein;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the vehicle end discharge adapter of the preferred embodiment herein;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the female terminal assembly, the first frame body, the second frame body and the receptacle cover of FIG. 2;

fig. 7 is an assembly schematic diagram of the first frame body, the first guard, the second guard, and the transmission member in fig. 2.

The figures are marked as follows:

100-vehicle end discharge adapter; 101-a vehicle-end electrical connector; 102-a base; 103-butting cavity; 104-a housing; 105-a first snap-fit structure; 106-a confluence frame; 107-terminal brackets; 108-mounting grooves; 109-first side; 110-a second side; 111-limit posts; 112-a first frame body; 113-a clamping rib; 114-a second frame body; 115-socket cover; 116-positioning columns; 117-fasteners; 118-mounting through holes; 119-a receiving cavity; 120-a first guard; 121-a second guard; 122-a first elastic member; 123-indicator lights; 124-a limiting frame; 125-a second elastic member; 126-a microswitch; 127-floor; 128-notch; 129-guiding grooves; 300-female terminal; 301-a jack body; 302, slotting; 303-an elastic arm; 304-a cylinder; 305-a guide; 306-a guide hole; 307-arcuate ribs; 308-guiding ramp; 309-extension end; 400-male terminal; 401-contact; 402-a connection; 403-limit part.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the utility model, its application, or uses.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

As shown in fig. 1, provided herein is a terminal connection assembly for electrically connecting a socket with a vehicle-end electrical connector 101, the terminal connection assembly comprising:

at least one female terminal 300 provided on the socket, the female terminal 300 having a jack body 301, and

at least one male terminal 400 provided on the vehicle-end electrical connector 101, the male terminal 400 having a contact portion 401,

the contact portion 401 is provided to be inserted into the socket body 301 to electrically connect the male terminal 400 and the female terminal 300.

Specifically, since the female terminal 300 is provided on the socket, the female terminal 300 generally includes a PE terminal, an L terminal, and an N terminal. Further may include signal terminals. The signal terminals may include CC signal (connection confirm) terminals.

The CC signal is a connection confirmation signal during vehicle-mounted charging, and the type of the gun is determined by detecting a voltage condition of the CC signal, that is, whether the charging gun or the discharging gun is a charging gun or a discharging gun, and whether the charging gun or the discharging gun is already inserted. And the gun head in the CC signal is also provided with an RC resistor, the RC resistor reflects the capacity of the gun cable, the thicknesses of the cables are different from each other, and the maximum current which can be born by the cable needs to be judged at the same time.

In this embodiment, it is understood that the CC signal is a connection confirmation signal indicating that the external electric load of the socket side is connected to the vehicle side. It may be generally configured that the micro switch is connected to the CC signal terminal, and the micro switch is triggered to pass through the CC signal terminal after the external electric load is plugged into the socket, and the corresponding male terminal 400 sends a plug-in signal to the vehicle end.

The signal terminals may include CP signal terminals. The CP signal is collectively referred to as a control guidance function signal (control pilot function), which is mainly used for monitoring the function of interaction between an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle power supply device (charging pile)/external electric equipment (load). The CP signal is specifically a handshake signal between the car and the charging stake/external load, a communication mode using PWM modulation and amplitude alternation.

Therefore, the female terminal 300 and the male terminal 400 are directly connected in an opposite-plug manner, the traditional process steps of crimping or welding the terminals and the cable are omitted, the butt joint space between the electric connectors is saved, and the stability of electric connection between the terminals is improved. Thereby further ensuring stable electrical connection between the external power load of the socket terminal and the vehicle terminal.

It will be appreciated that the vehicle end electrical connector 101 may be a discharge vehicle plug for electrical connection with a discharge vehicle outlet, and further with an ac vehicle discharge machine. When the discharging vehicle plug is connected with the discharging vehicle socket, the connection confirmation of the alternating current V2L charging and discharging connection device and the judgment of rated current parameters are carried out through the discharging control guide circuit of the alternating current V2L mode disclosed by GBT18487.4-2021, and the discharging process of the vehicle-end alternating current to the external power utilization load connected to the socket can be realized.

In some embodiments, the male terminal 400 is an interference fit with the female terminal 300. Thereby, stable electrical connection between the terminals can be ensured. Preferably, the interference of the male terminal 400 with the female terminal 300 is 0.1mm-0.3mm. The interference may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, etc., with larger values indicating a tighter interference fit.

In some embodiments, the male terminal 400 further includes a connection portion 402 connected to the contact portion 401, where the connection portion 402 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the contact portion 401 is made of copper or a copper alloy. Wherein, the aluminum alloy and the copper alloy are all existing materials; the material of the jack body 301 of the female terminal 300 may be copper or copper alloy, the material of the cylindrical body may be aluminum or aluminum alloy, the contact portion 401 is inserted into the jack body 301, the outer wall of the contact portion 401 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the jack body 301, and the connection portion 402 is located outside the jack body 301. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, a limiting part 403 is further connected between the contact part 401 and the connection part 402, and the limiting part 403 is used for limiting the insertion distance of the contact part 401 of the male terminal 400 in the jack body 301 of the female terminal 300, so that the outer periphery of the jack body 301 abuts against the limiting part 403.

In some embodiments, the material of the contact 401 and/or the connection 402 is tellurium copper alloy.

Preferably, the material of the contact portion 401 and/or the connection portion 402 has a tellurium content of 0.1% -5%.

That is, the contact portion 401 is made of tellurium copper alloy, so that the terminal has good electrical conductivity and free cutting performance, and the workability is improved while ensuring electrical performance. Preferably, the tellurium content of the tellurium copper alloy is 0.2% -1.2%.

The inventor selects 10 terminals with the same shape for testing, and each terminal is made of tellurium copper alloy, wherein the content ratio of tellurium is 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.8%, 3%, 5%, 6% and 7% respectively. As shown in table 1, in this example, the conductivity of the tellurium copper alloy was greater than 99% and was ideal.

TABLE 1 influence of tellurium copper alloys with different tellurium contents on conductivity

Tellurium content

0.05％

0.1％

0.2％

1％

1.2％

1.8％

3％

5％

6％

7％

Conductivity of electric conductivity

98.6％

99.1％

99.3％

99.6％

99.8％

99.5％

99.3％

99.1％

98.9％

98.7％

As can be seen from table 1, when the tellurium content ratio is less than 0.1% or more than 5%, the conductivity is significantly lowered, and the desired value cannot be satisfied. When the tellurium content is 0.2% or more and 1.2% or less, the conduction performance is the best, so the inventor selects tellurium copper alloy with tellurium content of 0.1% -5%. In the most ideal case, tellurium copper alloy with the content of 0.2% -1.2% is selected.

In some embodiments, contact 401 and/or connection 402 has a plating thereon. In order to improve corrosion resistance and conductivity, the number of plugging times is increased, and the service lives of the connection part 402 and the plugging part 401 can be prolonged better.

The plating layer can be formed by electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating. The plating thickness on the contact portion 401 and the connection portion 402 may be uniform. The plating thickness is consistent, and the plating can be formed by one-step electroplating during processing, so that complicated electroplating processing is not needed for obtaining different plating thicknesses in different areas, the processing cost is saved, and the pollution of electroplating is reduced.

Electroplating is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of some metals using the principle of electrolysis.

Electroless plating is a process in which a metal is deposited by a controlled redox reaction under the catalytic action of the metal.

The magnetron sputtering method utilizes the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric field to lead electrons to spirally run near the surface of a target, thereby increasing the probability of the electrons striking argon to generate ions. The generated ions are bumped against the target surface under the action of an electric field so as to splash out the target material.

The vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of the plastic part by distillation or sputtering under vacuum condition.

In some embodiments, the material of the plating layer on the contact portion 401 is not consistent with the material of the plating layer on the connection portion 402.

The plating layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy, and is made of the existing material. Copper is used as an active metal, and can be subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen and water in the use process, so that one or more inactive metals are used as a plating layer, and the service life of the plug-in terminal is prolonged. In addition, for the metal contact which needs to be frequently plugged and unplugged, better wear-resistant metal is also needed to be used as a plating layer, so that the service life of the contact can be greatly prolonged. The contact also needs good conductivity, and the conductivity and stability of the metal are better than those of copper or copper alloy, so that the plug terminal has better electrical performance and longer service life.

Since the contact portion 401 is often connected to and disconnected from the mating terminal, and is also electrically connected to the mating terminal, the plating material is generally a metal material having excellent electrical conductivity, stability, wear resistance, etc., but such a metal is generally a noble metal and is expensive. The connection part 402 is a position electrically connected to the conductor of the cable, and has low requirements for stability and wear resistance, and a metal material which is excellent in part performance but inexpensive and can be used in mass is used as a plating material.

In order to demonstrate the effect of different plating materials on the overall performance of the male terminal 400, the inventors used terminal samples of the same specification and materials, and used the same specification for a series of plugging times and corrosion resistance time tests on the mating connector (female terminal 300), and in order to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of the materials and other common plating materials, the inventors also selected tin, nickel and zinc as the plating materials for the experiment. The experimental results are shown in table 2 below.

The number of plugging times in table 2 below is to fix the mating plug connector on the experiment table respectively, and use a mechanical device to simulate plugging, and after 100 plugging times, the situation of damage to the surface coating of the terminal sample is observed, the surface coating of the terminal is scratched, the material of the terminal is exposed, the experiment is stopped, and the number of plugging times at that time is recorded. The number of plugging times is less than 8000 and is not qualified.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 2 below is to put the terminal sample into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray on each position of the terminal sample, take out and wash and observe the surface corrosion condition every 20 hours, namely a period, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the terminal sample is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the period number at that time. In this embodiment, the number of cycles is less than 80 and is considered unacceptable.

Table 2: influence of different coating materials on male terminal plugging times and corrosion resistance

From the table, when the plating materials are selected from gold, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy, the experimental results exceed the standard values more, and the performance is stable. When the plating material is selected from nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc, the experimental result can also meet the requirements, so the inventor selects one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, zinc, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy as the plating material. The coating comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer.

In some embodiments, the plating layer adopts a multi-layer plating method, and after the connection part 402 and/or the contact part 401 are processed, under the microscopic interface of the real surface, a plurality of gaps and holes exist, and the gaps and the holes are the biggest causes of abrasion and corrosion of the connection part 402 and/or the contact part 401 in the use process, so that a bottom layer needs to be plated on the surface of the connection part 402 and/or the contact part 401 to fill the gaps and the holes on the surface, so that the surface of the connection part 402 and/or the contact part 401 is flat and has no holes, then the surface layer plating layer is plated, the bonding is firmer, the surface of the plating layer has no gaps and holes, the abrasion resistance, the corrosion resistance and the electrical performance of the plug terminal are better, and the service life of the plug terminal is greatly prolonged.

The bottom layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc; the surface layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. Wherein the bottom layer material is the existing material, and the surface layer material is also the existing material.

In one embodiment, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 15 μm. Preferably, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 9. Mu.m.

In another embodiment, the skin layer thickness is 0.1 μm to 55 μm. Preferably, the skin layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm to 35. Mu.m.

To demonstrate the impact of variations in the thickness of the underlying plating on the overall performance of the male terminal 400, the inventors used terminal samples of the same specification, materials, different nickel plating underlying thicknesses, and the same silver plating skin thickness, and used a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests on mating connectors of the same specification, the experimental results of which are shown in table 3 below.

The temperature rise test in table 3 below is to apply the same current to the male terminal 400 and the female terminal 300 after insertion, detect the temperature at the same position of the male terminal 400 before and after the temperature is stabilized in a closed environment, and make the difference to take the absolute value. And the temperature rise is more than 50K, and is considered to be unqualified.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 3 below is to put the male terminal 400 into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray on each position of the male terminal 400, take out and wash and observe the surface corrosion condition every 20 hours, namely, a period, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the male terminal 400 is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the number of periods at that time. In this embodiment, the number of cycles is less than 80 and is considered unacceptable.

Table 3: influence of different bottom layer plating thickness on temperature rise and corrosion resistance of male terminal

As can be seen from Table 3 above, when the thickness of the underlying nickel plating layer is less than 0.01 μm, the temperature rise of the male terminal 400 is acceptable, but the number of corrosion-resistant cycles of the male terminal 400 is less than 80 due to the too thin plating layer, which does not meet the performance requirements of the plug terminal. The overall performance and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in unit are greatly influenced, and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in unit is suddenly reduced or even the combustion accident is failed when serious. When the thickness of the bottom nickel plating layer is larger than 15 μm, heat generated by the terminals cannot be emitted due to thicker bottom plating layer, so that the temperature rise of the male terminal 400 is unqualified, and the plating layer is thicker and easily falls off from the surface of the terminals, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance cycle number. Therefore, the inventors selected the underlayer coating thickness to be 0.01 μm to 15 μm. Preferably, the inventors found that the total effect of the temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the male terminal 400 is better when the thickness of the under-layer plating is 0.1 μm to 9 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and practicality of the product itself, the thickness of the under-layer plating is preferably 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

To demonstrate the impact of variations in the surface coating thickness on the overall performance of the male terminal 400, the inventors used plug terminal samples of the same gauge, material, with the same nickel plating bottom layer thickness, different silver plating surface layer thicknesses, and used a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests on mating connectors of the same gauge, the experimental results of which are shown in table 4 below.

The experimental method is the same as the above experimental method.

Table 4: influence of different surface coating thicknesses on temperature rise and corrosion resistance

As can be seen from the above Table 4, when the thickness of the surface silver plating layer is less than 0.1 μm, the temperature rise of the plug terminal is qualified, but the corrosion resistance cycle number of the plug terminal is less than 80 due to the too thin plating layer, which does not meet the performance requirement of the plug terminal. The overall performance and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in unit are greatly influenced, and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in unit is suddenly reduced or even the combustion accident is failed when serious. When the thickness of the surface silver plating layer is larger than 55 mu m, heat generated by the plug-in terminal cannot be emitted due to thicker surface plating layer, so that the temperature rise of the plug-in terminal is unqualified, the plating layer is thicker and is easy to fall off from the surface of the terminal, and the corrosion resistance cycle number is reduced. In addition, the surface layer plating metal is expensive, so that the thicker plating is used, the performance is not improved, and the use value is not existed. Therefore, the inventors selected the surface silver plating thickness to be 0.1 μm to 55 μm.

Preferably, the inventors found that the combined effect of the temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the plug terminal is better when the surface layer plating thickness is 0.5 μm to 35 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and practicality of the product itself, the surface layer plating thickness is preferably 0.5 μm to 35 μm. Next, a specific structure of the female terminal 300 in the terminal connection assembly will be described with reference to fig. 1, 3 and 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the front end of the jack body 301 is divided into at least two elastic arms 303 by an axially extending slot 302, the distal ends of the elastic arms 303 are circumferentially surrounded by a plug hole, and the contact portion 401 is inserted into the plug hole. Therefore, the front end of the jack body 301 is provided with the elastic arms 303 which are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the elasticity of the elastic arms 303 can be well adapted to the insertion of the male terminal 400.

The rear end of the jack body 301 is a cylindrical body 304, and the hole inner diameter of the jack hole is smaller than the radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body 304. As can be seen in connection with fig. 1, the cylinder enclosed by the resilient arms 303 is gradually contracted inwards with respect to the cylinder body 304. That is, the elastic arm 303 is gradually inclined inward in the axial direction (which may also be understood as the pull-out direction of the male terminal 400) from the end of the connection cylindrical body 304. The arrangement is such that the inside diameter of the insertion hole is smaller than the inside diameter of the cylindrical body 304, and thus necessarily smaller than the maximum diameter of the cylindrical body 304 in the radial direction. The radial maximum diameter of the cylinder 304 is understood herein to be the cylinder outer diameter of the cylinder 304.

Therefore, when the male terminal 400 is inserted into the jack body 301, the male terminal 400 is pressed by the extending ends 309 of the elastic arms 303, so as to facilitate the tight fit between the male terminal 400 and the jack body 301.

Further, a guide portion 305 continues to extend in the axial direction from the tip end of the elastic arm 303, the tip end circumference of the guide portion 305 encloses a guide hole 306, and the hole inside diameter of the guide hole 306 is larger than the hole inside diameter of the insertion hole. Thereby, the male terminal 400 can be smoothly guided to be inserted into the jack body 301.

Specifically, the guide portion 305 is configured as an arc-shaped rib 307 protruding radially outward with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic arm 303, the arc-shaped rib 307 circumferentially enclosing an annular rib having a radial maximum diameter of not more than the radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body 304.

It will be appreciated that the guide portion 305 is a portion that expands radially outwardly relative to the resilient arm 303. Accordingly, the guide hole 306 has a larger hole inner diameter than the insertion hole. Further, in some embodiments, the guide 305 may expand to a radial maximum diameter of the annular rib equal to a radial maximum diameter of the barrel 304.

More specifically, the outer surface of the arcuate rib 307 is inclined radially outwardly at an angle of 2 ° -3 ° relative to the outer surface of the resilient arm 303. This may further advantageously guide the insertion of the male terminal 400 into the receptacle body 301.

In some embodiments, at least partial contact between adjacent arcuate ribs 307. As shown in fig. 3, the distal ends (which may also be understood as the ends that contact the male terminal 400) of adjacent arcuate ribs 307 contact each other at their tips.

Also, in some embodiments, the elastic arm 303 is provided such that its circumferential width gradually increases in the withdrawal direction of the male terminal 400, and thus, the shortest distance between the portions of the adjacent arc ribs 307 other than at the distal tip in the withdrawal direction of the male terminal 400 becomes larger and larger. As seen in fig. 3, a triangular space is formed between adjacent spring arms 303. Of course, there is no limitation herein as to how the specific axial width of the resilient arms 303 varies, and any reasonably shaped space may be provided between adjacent resilient arms 303.

As shown in fig. 4, the inner surface of the guide portion 305 may be provided with a guide slope 308 extending obliquely in the insertion direction of the male terminal 400. Preferably, the guide slope 308 is inclined at an angle of 21 ° -24 ° with respect to the inner surface of the guide portion 305. The angle of inclination may be set to 21 °, 22 °, 23 °, 24 °, etc., depending on the actual assembly tolerances. Thus, the male terminal 400 can be inserted into the jack body 301 along the guide slope 308.

Further, the extended tip 309 of the guide slope 308 is closer to the rear end of the jack body 301 than the junction of the guide portion 305 and the elastic arm 303. It will be appreciated that the guide ramp 308 extends a greater length than the arcuate rib 307. And specifically, the contact portion 401 may be in abutting contact with the extension end 309 of the guide slope 308. Thereby, both smooth guiding of the male terminal 400 and stable electrical connection between the male terminal 400 and the jack body 301 are ensured.

According to the terminal connection assembly, the female terminal 300 and the male terminal 400 are directly and oppositely electrically connected, so that the conventional process steps of crimping or welding the terminals and the cable are omitted, the butting space between the electric connectors (such as between the socket and the charging interface) is saved, and the stability of the electric connection between the terminals is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, there is also provided an adapter 100 with the terminal connection assembly of any of the embodiments described above.

A vehicle end discharge adapter 100 comprising: the vehicle-end electric connector 101, wherein the vehicle-end electric connector 101 comprises a base 102 and a male terminal assembly arranged in the base 102, the male terminal assembly is used for being electrically connected with a vehicle-end electric energy device, and a butt joint cavity 103 is formed at one end of the vehicle-end electric connector 101;

and the socket assembly is arranged in the butt joint cavity 103 and comprises a female terminal assembly, and the female terminal assembly and the male terminal assembly are spliced to form electric connection.

The vehicle-end electrical connector 101 may be understood as a discharge vehicle plug for electrical connection with a discharge vehicle socket, and further for electrical connection with an ac vehicle-mounted discharge machine. When the discharging vehicle plug is connected with the discharging vehicle socket, the connection confirmation and the judgment of rated current parameters of the alternating current V2L charging and discharging connection device are carried out through the discharging control guide circuit of the alternating current V2L mode disclosed by GBT18487.4-2021, and the discharging process of the vehicle-end alternating current to an external power utilization load connected to the socket assembly can be realized.

From this, the socket assembly sets up in butt joint chamber 103, and female end terminal assembly and the direct grafting electricity of public end terminal assembly are connected, have both guaranteed stable electric connection between the terminal, have also practiced thrift occupation of land space, portable.

As shown in fig. 5, the vehicle-end electrical connector 101 includes a housing 104, the housing 104 forming the mating cavity 103, one of the housing 104 and the base 102 being provided with a first snap structure 105, and the other of the housing 104 and the base 102 being provided with a second snap structure (not shown) that mates with the first snap structure 105. Thereby, the attachment between the cover 104 and the base 102 can be easily achieved. It will be appreciated that the specific form of the snap-fit structure is not limited herein to enable a stable structural connection.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the female terminal assembly includes a bus frame 106 and a plurality of female terminals 300, the plurality of female terminals 300 forming a single integral body via the bus frame 106. Therefore, the structural design of the inner terminal of the socket assembly can be optimized.

More specifically, the plurality of female terminals 300 includes: PE terminals, L terminals, N terminals, and signal terminals. The signal terminals may include a CC signal terminal and a CP signal terminal.

The CC signal is a connection confirmation signal during vehicle-mounted charging, and the type of the gun is determined by detecting a voltage condition of the CC signal, that is, whether the charging gun or the discharging gun is a charging gun or a discharging gun, and whether the charging gun or the discharging gun is already inserted. And the gun head in the CC signal is also provided with an RC resistor, the RC resistor reflects the capacity of the gun cable, the thicknesses of the cables are different from each other, and the maximum current which can be born by the cable needs to be judged at the same time.

In this embodiment, it is understood that the CC signal is a connection confirmation signal indicating that the external electric load of the connection socket assembly is connected to the vehicle end. It may be generally configured that the micro switch 126 is connected to the CC signal terminal, and after the external electric load is plugged into the socket, the micro switch 126 is triggered to pass through the CC signal terminal, and the corresponding male terminal 400 sends a plug-in signal to the vehicle end.

The signal terminals may include CP signal terminals. The CP signal is collectively referred to as a control guidance function signal (control pilot function), which is mainly used for monitoring the function of interaction between an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle power supply device (charging pile)/external electric equipment (load). The CP signal is specifically a handshake signal between the car and the charging stake/external load, a communication mode using PWM modulation and amplitude alternation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one end of the female terminal 300 is provided with a jack body 301, and the other end is connected with the bus frame 106, and the jack body 301 is electrically connected with the male terminal assembly in a plugging manner. The end of the bus frame 106 opposite the female terminal 300 is configured to match the shape of the plug terminals of two-phase and/or three-phase plugs. Thus, the discharge adapter can be used for both two-phase and three-phase loads to connect to the vehicle end.

The foregoing embodiments have been described for clarity of the specific construction of the female terminal, and are not repeated here.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the receptacle assembly further includes a terminal bracket 107, the terminal bracket 107 having a mounting slot 108 disposed therein, the buss frame 106 being retained within the mounting slot 108 such that the plurality of female terminals 300 are located on a first side 109 of the terminal bracket 107 facing the vehicle-end electrical connector 101, and such that an end of the buss frame 106 opposite the plurality of female terminals 300 is located on a second side 110 of the terminal bracket 107 facing opposite the first side 109.

Thus, the female terminal 300 assembly may be restrained by the terminal bracket 107.

Specifically, the first side 109 is protruding with a stop post 111 that mates with each female terminal 300. Thus, the female terminal 300, for example, the PE terminal, the L terminal, and the N terminal can be fixed by the stopper post 111.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the socket assembly further includes a first frame body 112, and the second side 110 is protruded with a plurality of catching ribs 113, and the bus frame 106 is mounted to the first frame body 112 via the catching ribs 113 after being assembled with the terminal bracket 107. Further, as shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, the socket assembly further includes a second frame body 114 and a socket outer cover 115, the second frame body 114 being mounted to the first frame body 112 to form an integral part.

As shown in fig. 6, the second frame body 114 is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes 118, the socket outer cover 115 is provided with positioning posts 116 in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting through holes 118, and the socket assembly is formed as an integral part by screwing fasteners 117 through the mounting through holes 118 and the positioning posts 116.

Thus, the integral component, i.e., the receptacle assembly, directly interfaces with the male terminal assembly and is received in the interface cavity 103.

As shown in fig. 7, a receiving cavity 119 is provided between the first frame body 112 and the socket outer cover 115, and first and second shields 120 and 121 distributed in the vertical direction are provided in the receiving cavity 119, and the first and second shields 120 and 121 are supportingly connected via a first elastic member 122.

Specifically, the edge of the first frame body 112 forming the accommodation cavity 119 is provided with a pair of notches 128, and a guide groove 129 communicating with the notches 128, and both ends of the first and second shields 120 and 121 are movable in the guide groove 129 through the pair of notches 128.

Specifically, the both ends of the first and second shields 120 and 121 are elastically deformed while passing through the pair of notches 128, and the elastic deformation is restored after passing completely through the notches 128. It will be appreciated that the first and second prevention pieces 120 and 121 are assembled to the first frame body 112 using the notch 128 and can be moved up and down in the guide grooves 129 at both sides, and finally, the first and second prevention pieces 120 and 121 are supported by the first elastic piece 122 without being moved.

More specifically, the first elastic member 122 may be a spring. Further, protrusions matching the apertures of the springs may be provided on the first and second shields 120 and 121, and the springs are engaged with the protrusions to perform the limitation.

In some embodiments, the first elastic member 122 is compressed during the process that the plug end acts on the first and/or second shielding members 120 and 121, and the first and/or second shielding members 120 and 121 vertically move within the receiving chamber to expose the bus frame 106, and the plug terminal of the plug end is electrically connected to the bus frame 106. Thus, the external power load can be electrically connected to the vehicle-end discharge adapter 100.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the socket assembly further includes a transmission member, a micro switch 126 and an indicator lamp 123, wherein the micro switch 126 and the indicator lamp 123 are electrically connected with the female terminal assembly, and the vertical movement of the first protection member 120 and/or the second protection member 121 drives the transmission member to trigger the micro switch 126 to light the indicator lamp 123 during the insertion of the plug end into the socket assembly. Thus, the operator can know whether the external electric load is plugged in or not through the indication lamp 123.

As shown in fig. 7, the transmission member is at least partially accommodated in the accommodating cavity 119, and the micro switch 126 is disposed at a rear end of the accommodating cavity 119 away from the plug end. Specifically, the rear end of the accommodating cavity 119 is provided with a bottom plate 127, the bottom plate 127 is provided with an opening, a transmission member is installed in the opening, the opening is communicated with a limit frame 124 of the first frame body 112, which is located at the rear side of the bottom plate 127, the transmission member is in supporting connection with the limit frame 124 through a second elastic member 125, and the transmission member compresses the second elastic member 125 to trigger the micro switch 126.

It will be appreciated that the micro-switch 126 is electrically connected to the signal terminals in the female terminal assembly; the indicator lamp 123 is electrically connected to the L terminal and the N terminal in the female terminal assembly.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the cylindrical body 304 of the L terminal and the N terminal is provided with an insertion slit, and the control wire of the indicator lamp 123 is inserted into the insertion slit of the L terminal, and the zero wire of the indicator lamp is inserted into the insertion slit of the N terminal.

While certain specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (27)

1. A terminal connection assembly for electrically connecting a receptacle to a vehicle end electrical connector, the terminal connection assembly comprising:

at least one female terminal provided on the socket, the female terminal having a jack body, and

at least one male terminal disposed on the vehicle-end electrical connector, the male terminal having a contact portion,

the contact portion is configured to be inserted into the jack body to electrically connect the male terminal and the female terminal.

2. The terminal connection assembly of claim 1, wherein the male end terminal is an interference fit with the female end terminal.

3. The terminal connection assembly of claim 2, wherein the interference of the male end terminal with the female end terminal is 0.1mm to 0.3mm.

4. The terminal connection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the male terminal further comprises a connection portion connected to the contact portion, the connection portion is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the contact portion is made of copper or a copper alloy.

5. The terminal connection assembly of claim 4, wherein the material of the contact portion and/or the connection portion is tellurium copper alloy.

6. The terminal connection assembly of claim 4, wherein the contact portion and/or the connection portion has a plating thereon.

7. The terminal connection assembly of claim 6, wherein the material of the plating layer on the contact portion is not identical to the material of the plating layer on the connection portion.

8. The terminal connection assembly of claim 6, wherein the plating material is one of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

9. The terminal connection assembly of claim 6, wherein the plating includes a bottom layer and a surface layer.

10. The terminal connection assembly of claim 9, wherein the underlying material is one of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, and zinc; the surface layer is made of one of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

11. The terminal connection assembly of claim 9, wherein the bottom layer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 15 μm.

12. The terminal connection assembly of claim 11, wherein the bottom layer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

13. The terminal connection assembly of claim 9, wherein the skin layer has a thickness of 0.1 μm to 55 μm.

14. The terminal connection assembly of claim 13, wherein the skin layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm to 35 μm.

15. The terminal connection assembly of claim 1, wherein the front end of the socket body is separated into at least two resilient arms by an axially extending slot, the ends of the resilient arms circumferentially surrounding a socket hole into which the contact portion is inserted.

16. The terminal connection assembly according to claim 15, wherein the rear end of the jack body is a cylindrical body, and the inside diameter of the insertion hole is smaller than the radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body.

17. The terminal connection assembly according to claim 16, wherein a guide portion extends continuously in the axial direction from a distal end of the elastic arm, the distal end of the guide portion circumferentially enclosing a guide hole having a larger hole inner diameter than the insertion hole.

18. The terminal connection assembly according to claim 17, wherein the guide portion is configured as an arc-shaped rib protruding radially outward with respect to an outer peripheral surface of the elastic arm, the arc-shaped rib circumferentially enclosing an annular rib having a radial maximum diameter of less than or equal to a radial maximum diameter of the cylindrical body.

19. The terminal connection assembly of claim 18, wherein an outer surface of said arcuate rib is inclined radially outwardly relative to an outer surface of said spring arm at an angle of 2 ° to 3 °.

20. The terminal connection assembly of claim 18, wherein adjacent ones of said arcuate ribs are in at least partial contact.

21. The terminal connection assembly according to claim 17, wherein an inner surface of the guide portion is provided with a guide slope extending obliquely in an insertion direction of the male terminal.

22. The terminal connection assembly of claim 21, wherein the guide ramp is inclined at an angle of 21 ° -24 ° relative to an inner surface of the guide portion.

23. The terminal connection assembly of claim 21, wherein the extended end of the guide ramp is closer to the rear end of the jack body than the connection of the guide portion to the spring arm.

24. The terminal connection assembly of claim 21, wherein the contact portion is in abutting contact with the extended end of the guide ramp.

25. The terminal connection assembly of claim 15, wherein the circumferential width of the spring arm increases gradually in the direction of withdrawal of the male terminal.

26. The terminal connection assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle end electrical connector is adapted for electrical connection with an ac vehicle discharge.

27. The terminal connection assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one of said female end terminals includes a power terminal and a signal terminal.