CN219495471U - In-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of additive manufacturing metal material - Google Patents
In-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of additive manufacturing metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN219495471U CN219495471U CN202320402013.6U CN202320402013U CN219495471U CN 219495471 U CN219495471 U CN 219495471U CN 202320402013 U CN202320402013 U CN 202320402013U CN 219495471 U CN219495471 U CN 219495471U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an in-situ imaging monitoring device for a fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material, which comprises a signal generator, a power amplifier, an exciting coil, an infrared thermal image module, an optical camera module and a monitoring computer, wherein the signal generator is connected with the power amplifier; the output end of the signal generator is electrically connected with the input end of the power amplifier; the output end of the power amplifier is electrically connected with the input end of the exciting coil; the exciting coils are encircling on the upper side and the lower side of the axial center position of the fatigue test sample; the shooting direction of the infrared thermal image module is opposite to the fatigue sample gauge length section monitoring area; the optical camera module is adjacent to the infrared thermal image module in position, and the shooting direction and the shooting area are the same as those of the infrared thermal image module. The utility model can carry out high-resolution in-situ imaging on the surface layer of the monitoring area on line with low cost and in a non-contact manner, thereby rapidly realizing the monitoring of the damage and the dynamic evolution process of the damage at the near surface of the gauge length section of the fatigue test sample and improving the on-line monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency of the micro damage on the surface layer of the fatigue test sample.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to an in-situ imaging monitoring device for a fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material.
Background
The problems of fatigue resistance, fatigue performance dispersibility, defect sensitivity and the like of the metal material after additive manufacturing and forming are hot problems to be researched urgently at the present stage, and are key problems for restricting engineering application of the metal material manufactured by the additive manufacturing on a main bearing structure. The fatigue fracture failure analysis problem of the additive manufacturing metal material becomes very complex due to defects or anomalies such as tiny pores, unfused, inclusions, material anisotropism and non-uniformity which may exist in the formed metal material.
In order to better explore the fatigue failure rule of the additive manufacturing metal material and the relevance between factors such as metallurgical defects and the like and the mechanical properties of fatigue and damage tolerance, further provide reliable theoretical basis for the life design of the additive manufacturing metal parts, obtain macroscopic quantitative mechanical parameters of the additive manufacturing metal material under the action of alternating load through a fatigue test, and combine advanced sensing and detecting technologies to observe the internal damage and microstructure of the material in situ.
The existing microscopic optical imaging monitoring technology and material fatigue test can be combined to perform in-situ test and observation of micro crack propagation in the mechanical loading and fatigue test process, but the technology has large test effect limitation due to the limitation of resolution and magnification; the existing scanning electron microscope in-situ observation and fatigue loading device is combined, so that the microstructure morphology and damage of the material can be observed with high resolution, but only a two-dimensional image of the surface of the material can be obtained, and the size of a sample is limited greatly; the existing fatigue testing machine technology capable of carrying out in-situ imaging by using the synchrotron radiation light source can clearly and accurately obtain a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of the interior of a material in the fatigue testing process, but the technical system has a complex structure, limited penetration capacity of the synchrotron radiation light source and potential radiation hazard. The prior art has the defects in the in-situ imaging monitoring of the metal material surface layer, especially near-surface damage, and is difficult to find the micro damage state information of the material surface layer in the fatigue test process on line, at low cost and with high efficiency. In order to realize in-situ imaging monitoring of the surface layer of a fatigue sample, particularly near-surface damage, improve the observation capability of the near-surface damage and the dynamic evolution process of the damage of the material, analyze the relevance between the damage and the fatigue performance and the evolution rule of damage failure, and develop a novel visual in-situ imaging monitoring device and method for the fatigue test of the additive manufacturing metal material.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an in-situ imaging monitoring device for a fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an in-situ imaging monitoring device for a fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material comprises a signal generator, a power amplifier, an exciting coil, an infrared thermal image module, an optical camera module and a monitoring computer;
the first output end of the signal generator is electrically connected with the input end of the power amplifier, and the second output end of the signal generator is electrically connected with the input end of the infrared thermal image module and the input end of the optical camera module respectively;
the output end of the power amplifier is electrically connected with the input end of the exciting coil;
the exciting coil is coupled with the fatigue specimen monitoring area through an electromagnetic field;
the output end of the infrared thermal image module is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer;
the output end of the optical camera module is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer;
the first output end of the signal generator is used for periodically outputting short-time pulse excitation to the input end of the power amplifier, and the second output end of the signal generator is used for outputting a trigger control signal to the input end of the infrared thermal image module and the input end of the optical camera module so as to realize external triggering and instantaneous synchronous image capturing.
Preferably, the exciting coil is composed of two ring-shaped hollow solenoids wound in the same direction, and the shape, the size, the number of winding turns and the wire diameter of the two ring-shaped hollow solenoids are the same.
Preferably, the two annular hollow solenoids of the excitation coil are symmetrically wound around the upper and lower sides of the axial center position of the fatigue test specimen and are coaxial with the fatigue test specimen.
Preferably, the infrared thermal imaging module is composed of three infrared thermal imaging modules, the three infrared thermal imaging modules are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fatigue test sample, the interval between two adjacent infrared thermal imaging modules is 120 degrees, the shooting direction is opposite to a gauge length section monitoring area near the axial center position of the fatigue test sample, and the shooting area fully covers the circumferential surface of the fatigue test sample at the monitoring area.
Preferably, the optical camera module is composed of three optical imaging modules, the three optical imaging modules are placed adjacent to the infrared thermal imaging module, and shooting directions and shooting areas of the three optical imaging modules are the same as those of the infrared thermal imaging module.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
after the in-situ imaging monitoring device for the fatigue test of the additive manufacturing metal material is adopted, the in-situ imaging monitoring of the electromagnetic thermo-optical multi-physical field can be used for realizing the observation of the damage and the dynamic evolution process of the damage of the surface layer of the gauge length section of the fatigue test, and compared with the prior art, the in-situ imaging monitoring device has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, can carry out high-resolution in-situ imaging on the surface layer of a monitored area on line, has low cost and is non-contact, can be used for rapidly realizing the observation of the damage and the dynamic evolution process of the damage at the near surface position of the gauge length section of the fatigue test, improves the on-line monitoring precision and the monitoring efficiency of the micro-damage of the surface layer of the fatigue test, and provides monitoring data support for the damage evaluation and the analysis of the dynamic evolution process of the damage at different stages in the fatigue test process;
the utility model is suitable for fatigue test and defect sensitivity analysis of metal materials including but not limited to additive manufacturing, traditional casting, forging, powder metallurgy and the like, and is suitable for dynamic evolution rule analysis of metal material standard samples, characteristic structures, typical part surface and near-surface damage and damage in the fatigue test.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present utility model, and is presented in terms of preferred embodiments of the present utility model and detailed description of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present utility model are given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system components of one embodiment of the apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an annular hollow solenoid with excitation coils according to one embodiment of the apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an IR thermal image and optical camera module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of induced eddy currents in a monitored area during the implementation of the apparatus and method of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of temperature distribution information of a monitoring area when the apparatus and method of the present utility model are implemented.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. a signal generator; 2. a power amplifier; 3. an exciting coil; 4. an infrared thermal imaging module; 401. the first infrared thermal imaging module; 402. the second infrared thermal imaging module; 403. the third infrared thermal imaging module; 5. an optical camera module; 501. a first optical imaging module; 502. a second optical imaging module; 503. a third optical imaging module; 6. a monitoring computer; 7. a fatigue test specimen; 8. monitoring an area; 9. a discontinuity; 10. a clamp; 11. inducing eddy currents; 12. temperature distribution information.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present utility model are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. The utility model is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the utility model will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the utility model.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, an in-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material comprises a signal generator 1, a power amplifier 2, an exciting coil 3, an infrared thermal imaging module 4, an optical camera module 5 and a monitoring computer 6;
the first output end of the signal generator 1 is electrically connected with the input end of the power amplifier 2, and the second output end of the signal generator 1 is electrically connected with the input end of the infrared thermal image module 4 and the input end of the optical camera module 5 respectively;
the output end of the power amplifier 2 is electrically connected with the input end of the exciting coil 3;
the exciting coil 3 is formed by two annular hollow solenoids wound in the same direction, the two annular hollow solenoids are wound on the upper side and the lower side of the axial center position of the fatigue test sample 7 at equal intervals, and the two annular hollow solenoids are electrically connected;
the exciting coil 3 is coupled with a gauge length section monitoring area 8 of the fatigue test sample 7 through an electromagnetic field;
the output end of the infrared thermal imaging module 4 is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer 6;
the output end of the optical camera module 5 is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer 6;
the first output end of the signal generator 1 is used for outputting short-time pulse excitation to the input end of the power amplifier 2, and the second output end of the signal generator 1 is used for simultaneously outputting trigger control signals to the input end of the infrared thermal image module 4 and the input end of the optical camera module 5, so that the infrared thermal image module 4 and the optical camera module 5 can acquire images while the fatigue test sample 7 generates induced electric vortex 11, and external triggering and instantaneous synchronous image capturing are realized.
Referring to fig. 2, the annular hollow solenoid of the excitation coil 3 is coaxial with the fatigue specimen 7.
Referring to fig. 3, the infrared thermal imaging module 4 is composed of a first infrared thermal imaging module 401, a second infrared thermal imaging module 402 and a third infrared thermal imaging module 403, wherein the three infrared thermal imaging modules are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the fatigue test sample 7, the interval between the two adjacent infrared thermal imaging modules is 120 degrees, the shooting direction is opposite to a gauge length section monitoring area 8 near the axial center position of the fatigue test sample 7, and the shooting area fully covers the circumferential surface of the fatigue test sample 7 at the gauge length section monitoring area 8.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical camera module 5 is composed of a first optical imaging module 501, a second optical imaging module 502 and a third optical imaging module 503, where three optical imaging modules are placed adjacent to the infrared thermal imaging module, and the shooting directions and shooting areas of the three optical imaging modules are the same as those of the infrared thermal imaging module.
In specific implementation, the first output end of the signal generator 1 periodically outputs a short-time pulse excitation to the input end of the power amplifier 2, and at the same time, the second output end of the signal generator 1 outputs a trigger control signal to the input end of the infrared thermal image module 4 and the input end of the optical camera module 5 for realizing external triggering and instantaneous synchronous image capturing.
In practice, the two annular hollow solenoids of the excitation coil 3 are identical in shape, size, number of winding turns and wire diameter.
When the device is actually applied, the device is adopted to carry out in-situ imaging monitoring on the position of the gauge length section monitoring area 8 of the fatigue test sample 7, and the flow is as follows:
s1: before the fatigue test starts, the fatigue test specimen 7 is arranged on a clamp 10 of a fatigue testing machine, and the device is arranged at a monitoring area 8 of a gauge length section of the fatigue test specimen 7, and before alternating load is applied to the fatigue test specimen 7, first electromagnetic heat-light multi-physical field in-situ imaging is carried out at the monitoring area 8;
s2: when electromagnetic heat-light multi-physical field in-situ imaging is implemented, the signal generator 1 periodically outputs short-time pulse excitation, the excitation coil 3 is driven after power amplification is carried out by the power amplifier 2, transient excitation magnetic fields are generated inside and outside two annular hollow solenoids by short-time pulse current flowing through the excitation coil 3, the transient excitation magnetic fields are transferred to the surface layer of a gauge length monitoring area 8 near the axial center position of a fatigue sample 7 and generate induced electric eddy currents 11 through electromagnetic induction, the induced electric eddy currents 11 induce temperature distribution information 12 to the surface layer of the gauge length monitoring area 8 of the fatigue sample 7 based on the Joule heat effect, and the infrared thermal imaging module 4 converts circumferential surface temperature distribution information 12 at the gauge length monitoring area 8 of the fatigue sample 7 into visual thermal image monitoring signals and transmits the visual thermal image monitoring signals to the monitoring computer 6;
s3: the optical camera module 5 performs optical imaging on the circumferential surface of the fatigue test sample 7 at the gauge length monitoring area 8, and transmits the converted optical image monitoring signal to the monitoring computer 6;
s4: the monitoring computer 6 stores the received circumferential surface visible thermal image monitoring signals and optical image monitoring signals at the gauge length monitoring area 8 of the fatigue test sample 7 and draws an electromagnetic thermal-optical multi-physical field in-situ imaging monitoring result diagram at the gauge length monitoring area 8 of the fatigue test sample 7;
s5: the monitoring computer 6 displays an electromagnetic thermo-optical multi-physical field in-situ imaging monitoring result diagram of the drawn fatigue test sample 7 in the gauge length section monitoring area 8 on a monitoring display screen in real time for monitoring personnel to observe and evaluate;
s6: in the fatigue test process, starting from the first application of alternating load to the fatigue test sample 7, repeating the operations from S2 to S5 at certain intervals until the set cycle number for completing the fatigue test is reached;
s7: and after the fatigue test is finished, analyzing the damage and the dynamic evolution rule of the damage at the monitoring area 8 of the gauge length section of the fatigue test sample 7 according to electromagnetic heat-light multi-physical field in-situ imaging monitoring results obtained by different cycle times in the whole process of the fatigue test.
In-situ imaging monitoring principle and operation process of fatigue test of additive manufacturing metal material:
providing a discontinuous surface layer 9 of a gauge length section monitoring area 8 of the additive manufacturing metal material fatigue test sample 7;
referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of distribution of induced eddy current in a monitoring area when the device and the method are implemented, two annular hollow solenoids of an exciting coil 3 generate induced eddy current 11 on the surface layer of a monitoring area 8 of a gauge section of a fatigue specimen 7 through electromagnetic induction, the flow direction of the induced eddy current 11 is axially parallel to the fatigue specimen 7, according to the skin effect, the induced eddy current 11 has a certain penetration depth on the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 of the gauge section of the fatigue specimen 7, when the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 of the gauge section of the fatigue specimen 7 has a discontinuity 9, the discontinuity 9 blocks and changes the flow direction and the distribution of the induced eddy current 11, and the induced eddy current 11 causes temperature distribution information 12 near the discontinuity 9 on the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 of the gauge section of the fatigue specimen 7.
Referring to fig. 5, the temperature distribution information 12 caused near the discontinuity 9 in the surface layer of the gauge section monitoring region 8 of the fatigue specimen 7 can reflect the position, size, orientation, and shape information of the discontinuity 9 due to the interaction of the electromagnetic thermal multiphysics with the discontinuity 9.
When the surface layer of the gauge length section monitoring area 8 of the additive manufacturing metal material fatigue test sample 7 is discontinuous 9, the visual thermal image monitoring signal monitored by the device is different from the visual thermal image monitoring signal obtained before when the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 is free of the discontinuity 9; when the discontinuity 9 on the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 continues to grow and expand, the visual thermal image monitoring signal monitored by the device changes along with the expansion and evolution of the discontinuity 9; when the growth of the discontinuity 9 is expanded to a certain extent and the defect geometric characteristics of the discontinuity 9 on the surface of the fatigue test sample enable the optical camera module 5 to be resolved, the optical image monitoring signal monitored by the device is different from the optical image monitoring signal obtained before when the surface layer of the monitoring area 8 has no discontinuity 9; when the discontinuity 9 continues to grow and expand on the surface of the fatigue test specimen 7, the optical image monitoring signal monitored by the device changes along with the expansion and evolution of the discontinuity 9; the differences are synchronously displayed in an electromagnetic thermal-optical multi-physical field in-situ imaging monitoring result diagram of the gauge length monitoring area 8 of the fatigue test sample 7 drawn by the monitoring computer 6; the monitoring computer 6 intercepts and stores the visual thermal image monitoring signals and the optical image monitoring signals of the fatigue test sample 7 at the gauge length section monitoring area 8 which are acquired by different cycle times in the whole fatigue test process, so as to be observed and evaluated by monitoring staff.
Aiming at the feasibility verification of the technical implementation, the technical scheme and the embodiment provided by the utility model have the advantages that the simulation verification is carried out by adopting a multi-physical-field finite element simulation analysis method, the simulation analysis result is shown in figure 5, and the verification result shows that the technical scheme provided by the patent is feasible.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way; those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present utility model may be implemented as shown in the drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications, adaptations, and variations of the present utility model are possible in light of the above teachings without departing from the scope of the utility model; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. An in-situ imaging monitoring device for a fatigue test of an additive manufacturing metal material is characterized in that: the device comprises a signal generator (1), a power amplifier (2), an exciting coil (3), an infrared thermal image module (4), an optical camera module (5) and a monitoring computer (6);
the first output end of the signal generator (1) is electrically connected with the input end of the power amplifier (2), and the second output end of the signal generator (1) is electrically connected with the input end of the infrared thermal imaging module (4) and the input end of the optical camera module (5) respectively;
the output end of the power amplifier (2) is electrically connected with the input end of the exciting coil (3);
the exciting coil (3) is coupled with a fatigue specimen (7) monitoring area (8) through an electromagnetic field;
the output end of the infrared thermal imaging module (4) is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer (6);
the output end of the optical camera module (5) is electrically connected with the input end of the monitoring computer (6);
the first output end of the signal generator (1) is used for periodically outputting short-time pulse excitation to the input end of the power amplifier (2), and the second output end of the signal generator (1) is used for outputting a trigger control signal to the input end of the infrared thermal image module (4) and the input end of the optical camera module (5) so as to realize external triggering and instantaneous synchronous image capturing.
2. An in-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of additive manufacturing metal material according to claim 1, wherein the exciting coil (3) is composed of two ring-shaped hollow solenoids wound in the same direction, and the shape, size, winding number of turns and wire diameter of the two ring-shaped hollow solenoids are the same.
3. An in-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of additive manufactured metal material according to claim 2, wherein the two annular hollow solenoids of the exciting coil (3) are symmetrically around the upper and lower sides of the axial center position of the fatigue test specimen (7) and are coaxial with the fatigue test specimen (7).
4. An in-situ imaging monitoring device for fatigue test of additive manufacturing metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the infrared thermal imaging module (4) is composed of three infrared thermal imaging modules which are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the fatigue test sample (7) and are spaced 120 degrees between two adjacent infrared thermal imaging modules, the shooting direction is opposite to a gauge length section monitoring area (8) near the axial center position of the fatigue test sample (7), and the shooting area fully covers the circumferential surface of the fatigue test sample (7) at the monitoring area (8).
5. The in-situ imaging monitoring device for the fatigue test of the additive manufacturing metal material according to claim 4, wherein the optical camera module (5) is composed of three optical imaging modules, the three optical imaging modules are placed adjacent to the infrared thermal imaging module, and the shooting directions and shooting areas of the three optical imaging modules are the same as those of the infrared thermal imaging module.
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