CN219494977U - Water distribution equipment suitable for natural ventilation wet cooling tower - Google Patents
Water distribution equipment suitable for natural ventilation wet cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN219494977U CN219494977U CN202320422662.2U CN202320422662U CN219494977U CN 219494977 U CN219494977 U CN 219494977U CN 202320422662 U CN202320422662 U CN 202320422662U CN 219494977 U CN219494977 U CN 219494977U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a water distribution device suitable for a natural ventilation wet cooling tower, comprising: the central vertical shaft is arranged at the central axis of the cooling tower; the water distribution device comprises a plurality of water spraying pipelines and water distribution pipelines, wherein the water spraying pipelines are arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower at equal intervals, and the water distribution pipelines are communicated with the water spraying pipelines and the central vertical shaft; the control device comprises a plurality of temperature detection devices and a water distribution device control module for adjusting the water spray quantity and/or the water spray direction of different water spray pipelines according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection devices in real time; the temperature detection devices are arranged below the packing layers of the cooling tower and are in one-to-one correspondence with the water spraying pipelines, so that the cooling capacity of different cooling areas of the cooling tower is judged according to the temperature of cooling liquid, quantitative water supply is carried out according to the cooling capacity of the different cooling areas, the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower is improved when the ambient temperature is high, and the freezing of the cooling tower is avoided when the ambient temperature is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of cooling tower performance optimization, in particular to water distribution equipment suitable for a natural ventilation wet cooling tower.
Background
The natural ventilation countercurrent wet cooling tower is one common cold end equipment for heat power plant and nuclear power plant, and is used mainly in reducing the temperature of circulating cooling water through direct contact between cooling liquid and air for heat exchange.
The cooling characteristics of the cooling tower show that cold air enters the rain area through the air inlet of the cooling tower, the air flow in the peripheral area is large, the temperature and the humidity are low, and the heat exchange effect is good; a small part of air flow overcomes the water spraying resistance and enters the central area of the cooling tower, heat and mass transfer occurs with sprayed cooling liquid in the radial travel, namely, the air speed and the air quantity of the cooling air are gradually enhanced from small to large in the radial direction which takes the central vertical shaft of the cooling tower as the center to the outer wall of the tower, the cooling capacity is from weak to strong, the cooling capacity of areas close to the center is similar, and the existing water distribution equipment cannot conduct regional quantification water distribution according to the radial heat exchange performance difference of the cooling tower.
In addition, in cold seasons (when the ambient temperature is lower), the temperature of the cooling tower far away from the central position is lower, the cooling liquid is easy to freeze at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower, the edge filler position, the nozzle position of the water distribution device far away from the center of the cooling tower and the like, so that the conditions of deterioration of heat exchange conditions in the tower and damage of the filler layer are easy to be caused, and the existing water distribution device cannot dynamically adapt to the change of climate, so that the aim of preventing the freezing is fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art, so as to provide water distribution equipment suitable for a natural ventilation wet cooling tower.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a water distribution apparatus adapted for use with a natural draft wet cooling tower, comprising:
the central vertical shaft is arranged at the central axis of the cooling tower;
the water distribution device comprises a plurality of water spraying pipelines and water distribution pipelines, wherein the water spraying pipelines are arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower at equal intervals, and the water distribution pipelines are communicated with the water spraying pipelines and the central vertical shaft;
the control device comprises a plurality of temperature detection devices and a water distribution device control module for adjusting the water spray quantity and/or the water spray direction of different water spray pipelines according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection devices in real time;
the temperature detection devices are arranged below the packing layers of the cooling tower and are in one-to-one correspondence with the water spraying pipelines.
Preferably, the water spraying pipeline comprises a plurality of annular water diversion pipes, and each annular water diversion pipe is connected with a plurality of spray heads;
the central axes of the annular water diversion pipes are overlapped, and the pipe diameter is gradually increased;
at least the spray head connected with the annular water diversion pipe with the largest pipe diameter is arranged as a rotatable spray head;
the number of the spray heads arranged on the annular water diversion pipe is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the annular water diversion pipe.
Preferably, the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of water delivery pipes, and each water delivery pipe is provided with a regulating valve;
the water supply pipes are connected with the annular water diversion pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameters of the water supply pipes are equal to the pipe diameters of the annular water diversion pipes which are connected with the water supply pipes in a corresponding manner;
the sum of the sectional areas of all the water supply pipes is equal to the sectional area of the central vertical shaft.
Preferably, the water supply pipes are arranged in an annular array around the central shaft.
Preferably, the spray heads arranged on the same annular water diversion pipe are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the annular water diversion pipe.
Preferably, the water spraying pipeline comprises a plurality of arc-shaped water diversion pipes, and a plurality of arc-shaped water diversion pipes are distributed in an annular array equidistant from the central vertical shaft;
the arc-shaped water diversion pipes arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower are distributed in a fan shape, and each arc-shaped water diversion pipe is connected with a plurality of spray heads;
the central axes of the arc-shaped water diversion pipes are overlapped, and the pipe diameter is gradually increased;
at least the spray head connected with the arc-shaped water diversion pipe with the largest pipe diameter is arranged as a rotatable spray head;
the number of the spray heads arranged on the arc-shaped water diversion pipe is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the arc-shaped water diversion pipe.
Preferably, the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of first water distribution pipes distributed in an annular array around the central vertical shaft, and one end of each first water distribution pipe is connected with the central vertical shaft;
the first water distribution pipes are connected with a plurality of arc-shaped water distribution pipes arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower through a plurality of second water distribution pipes, the second water distribution pipes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes, and each second water distribution pipe is provided with a regulating valve;
the pipe diameter of the second water distribution pipe is equal to that of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe correspondingly connected with the second water distribution pipe; the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distribution pipes is equal to the sectional area of the first water distribution pipe; the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distribution pipes is equal to the sum of the sectional areas of the central shaft.
Preferably, the first water distribution pipes are arranged in an annular array around the central shaft;
the first water distribution pipe is connected with the middle section of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe through the second water distribution pipe.
Preferably, the spray heads mounted on the same arc-shaped water distribution pipe are symmetrically arranged relative to the first water distribution pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the water distribution equipment suitable for the natural ventilation wet cooling tower, according to the characteristic that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower gradually weakens from the edge to the center, a plurality of water spraying pipelines are arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower at equal intervals, real-time temperatures of different cooling areas are detected by utilizing the temperature detection device, and the water spraying quantity and/or the water spraying direction of the different water spraying pipelines are adjusted according to the real-time temperatures by utilizing the control module of the water distribution device, so that quantitative water supply to the cooling areas of the packing tower can be realized by utilizing the device, the water spraying quantity and the water spraying direction of the different water spraying pipelines to the different cooling areas are timely adjusted according to the ambient temperature and the temperature of cooling liquid, the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower can be further increased, and freezing of the cooling tower is avoided; specifically, the quantitative water supply by using the device comprises the independent application or combination of modes of adjusting the water distribution amounts of different cooling areas, adjusting the water spraying direction of a water distribution device and the like, so that when the ambient temperature is higher, the situation that the cooling liquid temperature is too low to cause icing at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is not needed to be considered, and the water distribution amount distributed to each cooling area can be directly adjusted, so that the heat exchange efficiency is higher; when the ambient temperature is lower, the situation that the cooling liquid temperature at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is too low is easy to cause icing, at this time, the monitored cooling liquid temperature is too low, the water distribution amount of the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower can be increased, and the water spraying direction of the water distribution device can be adjusted, so that the water distribution direction faces the corresponding cooling area, and the situation of avoiding icing is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water distribution device and a filler layer distributed in a cooling tower.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the water distribution device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the water distribution device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of fig. 3 as seen from the direction a.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of fig. 3 as seen from the direction B.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of fig. 3 from the direction C.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the water dispenser control device.
Fig. 8 is a schematic step diagram of a method for using the device provided by the utility model.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a first embodiment of the present utility model when in use.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a second embodiment of the present utility model when in use.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a central shaft; 10. a cooling tower; 101. a filler layer; 2. a water distribution device; 20. a water spraying pipeline; 201. an annular water diversion pipe; 202. a spray head; 203. an arc-shaped water diversion pipe; 21. a water distribution pipeline; 210. a water supply pipe; 211. a first water distribution pipe; 212. a second water distribution pipe; 213. a regulating valve; 3. a water distribution device control device; 30. a water distribution device control module; 31. a temperature detecting device; 32. the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module; 33. a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit; 34. a temperature judgment unit; 35. a cooling capacity comparing unit; 36. and a regulating signal output unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the utility model are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a water distribution apparatus suitable for a natural draft wet cooling tower, comprising: a central vertical shaft 1, a water distribution device 2 and a water distribution device control device 3; wherein, the central vertical shaft 1 is arranged at the central axis position of the cooling tower 10; the water distribution device 2 comprises a plurality of water spraying pipelines 20 and water distribution pipelines 21, wherein the water spraying pipelines 20 and the water distribution pipelines 21 are arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower 10 at equal intervals, the water spraying pipelines 20 and the water distribution pipelines 21 are arranged above the packing layer 101, a plurality of cooling areas (annular cooling areas arranged along mirror images) are arranged on the packing layer 101, and the water spraying pipelines 20 and the cooling areas are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the water distribution device control device 3 comprises a plurality of temperature detection devices 31 and a water distribution device control module 30 for adjusting the water spraying amount and the water spraying direction of different water spraying pipelines 20 according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection devices 31 in real time; the temperature detection device 31 is arranged below the packing layer 101 of the cooling tower 10 and is in one-to-one correspondence with the water spraying pipeline 20, so that the cooling liquid temperatures of different cooling areas can be measured, as the optimization, the positions of the temperature detection device 31 are set according to the cooling areas, each cooling area is correspondingly provided with the temperature detection device 31, 1, 2 or more temperature detection devices 31 in the same cooling area can be arranged, when the number exceeds 1, the temperature detection devices can be distributed in an annular array around the center of the cooling tower 10, and when the cooling liquid temperatures are obtained, the average value of the temperature detection devices 31 can be calculated, so that the detection accuracy is more accurate.
Specifically, according to the characteristic that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower 10 gradually decreases from the edge to the center, a plurality of cooling areas can be radially arranged on the packing layer 101 of the cooling tower 10, and the temperature of cooling liquid in each cooling area is monitored in real time by utilizing the temperature detection device 31, so that the cooling capacity of different cooling areas of the cooling tower 10 can be judged according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the water spraying amount and the water spraying direction of different water spraying pipelines 20 are controlled by utilizing the water distribution device control module 30 according to the cooling capacity of different cooling areas, thereby realizing quantitative and directional water supply, improving the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower 10 when the environment temperature is higher, and avoiding the freezing of the cooling tower 10 when the environment temperature is lower; in addition, the quantitative water supply mode comprises single application or combination of modes of adjusting the water distribution amount of different water spray pipelines 20 to different cooling areas, adjusting the water spray direction of the water spray pipelines 20 and the like, so that when the ambient temperature is higher, the situation that the cooling liquid temperature is too low to cause icing at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower 10 is not needed to be considered, and the water distribution amount distributed to each water spray pipeline 20 can be adjusted directly according to the cooling capacity of different cooling areas, so that the heat exchange efficiency is higher; when the ambient temperature is low, the cooling liquid temperature at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower 10 is too low, which is easy to cause icing, and at this time, the cooling liquid temperature monitored by the temperature detecting device 31 is too low, so that the water distribution amount of the water spraying pipeline 20 farthest from the center of the cooling tower 10 can be increased, and the water spraying direction of the water spraying pipeline 20 can be adjusted, so that the water distribution direction faces the corresponding cooling area, and the icing is avoided.
The water spraying pipeline 20 and the water distributing pipeline 21 can be arranged into various combined structures, and quantitative water distribution and water distribution amount adjustment of different cooling areas arranged on the packing layer 101 can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, the water spraying pipeline 20 includes a plurality of annular water diversion pipes 201, wherein 3, 4 or more annular water diversion pipes 201 can be arranged along the radial direction of the central vertical shaft 1 at equal distance, and each annular water diversion pipe 201 is connected with a plurality of spray heads 202; specifically, since the cooling tower 10 takes the central shaft 1 as the center and points to the radial direction of the outer wall (edge) of the cooling tower 10, the wind speed and the wind quantity of cooling air are gradually increased from small to large, the cooling capacity of the cooling tower 10 is gradually increased from weak to strong, and the cooling capacity of the area close to the center is similar, so that a plurality of annular water diversion pipes 201 distributed from the center of the central shaft 1 to the direction of the edge (outer wall) of the cooling tower 10 are overlapped, and the central axes of the annular water diversion pipes 201 are gradually increased; because the temperature of the circulating cooling water at the outermost periphery is generally lower than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling water when the ambient temperature is lower, at least the spray heads 202 connected with the annular water diversion pipe 201 with the largest pipe diameter can be set as rotatable spray heads, and all the spray heads 202 can be set as rotatable spray heads; in order to realize quantitative water distribution of different cooling areas, the number of spray heads 202 mounted on the annular water distribution pipe 201 is proportional to the sectional area of the annular water distribution pipe 201.
Further, the water distribution pipeline 21 comprises a plurality of water delivery pipes 210, and each water delivery pipe 210 is provided with a regulating valve 213; the water supply pipes 210 are connected with the annular water diversion pipes 201 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameters of the water supply pipes 210 are equal to those of the annular water diversion pipes 201 correspondingly connected with the water supply pipes; the sum of the sectional areas of all the water supply pipes 210 is equal to the sectional area of the central shaft 1, and in addition, in order to facilitate the adjustment and control, the rotatable nozzle and the adjusting valve 213 in the device can be electrically connected with the water distribution device control module 30; the rotary sprayer and regulator valve 213 may also be manually adjustable.
As further illustrated by way of example in FIG. 2, the annular water diversion pipe 201 is provided with three pipes d, e and f equidistantly from the edge to the center of the cooling tower 10, and the pipe diameters corresponding to the three pipes can be set as R d 、R e 、R f The water supply pipes 210 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the three annular water distribution pipes 201 of d, e and f are g, h and i respectively, and the pipe diameters corresponding to the water supply pipes are R respectively g 、R h 、R i The number of the spray heads 202 correspondingly connected with the three annular water diversion pipes 201 is N respectively d 、N e 、N f The central shaft 1 has a corresponding diameter R 0 The relationship between the parameters is:
R 0 >R d ＝R g >R e ＝R h >R f ＝R i ；
R g 2 +R h 2 +R i 2 ＝R 0 2 ；
R d 2 ：R e 2 ：R f 2 ＝N d ：N e ：N f 。
the design can realize quantitative water distribution of different cooling areas by utilizing the water supply pipe 210, the annular water distribution pipe 201 and the spray heads 202 by controlling the opening degree of the regulating valve 213, and in the scheme, only the regulating valves 213 with the number corresponding to the water supply pipe 210 are required to be controlled, so that the regulation is more convenient.
Furthermore, the water pipes 210 are arranged in an annular array around the central shaft 1, so that the weight distribution of the whole water distribution device 2 is more balanced, the whole installation of the water distribution device 2 is facilitated, and the uneven weight distribution of the water distribution device 2 can be avoided, and the deformation in the use process can be avoided; the spray heads 202 arranged on the same annular water distribution pipe 201 are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the corresponding annular water distribution pipe 201, so that on one hand, the design is beneficial to uniform distribution of the spray heads 202 and weight balance of the whole water distribution device 2; on the other hand, when the spray head 202 needs to be rotated to change the direction of spraying water, the sprayed coolant is not affected by the annular water diversion pipe 201.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, in another embodiment, the water spray pipeline 20 includes a plurality of arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203, and the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 equidistant from the central shaft 1 are distributed in an annular array, and the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 equidistant from the central shaft 1 can be encircled; arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower 10 are distributed in a fan shape, and each arc-shaped water diversion pipe 203 is connected with a plurality of spray heads 202; the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 are arranged from the center of the cooling tower 10 to the edge direction, the central axes of the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 coincide, and the pipe diameters are gradually increased; at least the spray head 202 connected with the arc-shaped water diversion pipe 203 with the largest pipe diameter is provided as a rotatable spray head; the number of nozzles 202 mounted on the curved cutwater 203 is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the curved cutwater 203.
Specifically, the water distribution pipe 21 includes a plurality of first water distribution pipes 211 distributed in an annular array around the central shaft 1, and one end of the first water distribution pipe 211 is connected to the central shaft 1; the first water distribution pipes 211 are connected with a plurality of arc-shaped water distribution pipes 203 arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower 10 through a plurality of second water distribution pipes 212, the second water distribution pipes 212 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes 203, and each second water distribution pipe 212 is provided with a regulating valve 213; the pipe diameter of the second water distribution pipe 212 is equal to that of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe 203 correspondingly connected with the second water distribution pipe; the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distribution pipes 212 is equal to the sectional area of the first water distribution pipe 211; the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distribution pipes 211 is equal to the sum of the sectional areas of the central shaft 1.
As further illustrated in fig. 3 to 6, the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 are provided with j, k and m equally spaced from the edge to the center of the cooling tower 10, and are distributed in a fan shape, and the corresponding pipe diameters thereof can be set as R j 、R k 、R m The second water distribution pipes 212 corresponding to the j, k and m arc-shaped water distribution pipes 203 are o, p and q respectivelyThe corresponding pipe diameters are respectively set as R o 、R p 、R q The number of the spray heads 202 correspondingly connected with the j, k and m arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203 is N respectively j 、N k 、N m The central shaft 1 has a corresponding diameter R 0 The corresponding pipe diameter of the first water distribution pipe 211 is R 1 The relationship between the parameters is:
R 0 >R 1 >R j ＝R o >R k ＝R p >R m ＝R q ；
nR 1 2 ＝R 0 2 (n is the number of first water distribution pipes 211);
R o 2 +R p 2 +R q 2 ＝R 1 2 ；
R j 2 ：R k 2 ：R m 2 ＝N j ：N k ：N m 。
in the design, the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 203, the second water distribution pipes 212 and the first water distribution pipes 211 are combined and arranged into a plurality of groups, and compared with the integral arrangement of the structure (such as the annular water diversion pipes 201), the subsequent overhaul is easier to determine the fault point positions, and the overhaul is convenient.
Further, the first water distribution pipes 211 are arranged in an annular array around the central shaft 1; the first water distribution pipe 211 is connected to the middle section of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe 203 through the second water distribution pipe 212.
Further, the nozzles 202 mounted on the same arc-shaped water distribution pipe 203 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first water distribution pipe 211.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to enable the present apparatus to realize adjustment of water distribution amount and water spray direction according to ambient temperature (coolant temperature), the water distribution device control device 3 may be disposed in a DCS system of a power plant, and may be used for processing monitoring data and outputting signals during use of the apparatus, and specifically, the water distribution device control device 3 includes a water distribution device control module 30, a temperature detection device 31, a coolant temperature real-time monitoring module 32, a coolant freezing point threshold preset unit 33, a temperature judgment unit 34, a cooling capacity comparison unit 35, and an adjustment signal output unit 36; the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module 32 is electrically connected with the temperature detecting device 31 and is used for monitoring the cooling liquid temperatures of different cooling areas in real time; the coolant freezing point threshold value presetting unit 33 is used for setting a coolant freezing point threshold value, and may be set to 2 to 3 ℃ in general; the temperature judging unit 34 is configured to judge the temperature of the cooling liquid (mainly the temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower 10) monitored by the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module 32 and the cooling liquid freezing point threshold value preset by the cooling liquid freezing point threshold value preset unit 33, and generate a judging result; the cooling capacity comparing unit 35 is configured to compare the cooling capacities of the different cooling areas 1 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and obtain a comparison result; and the adjusting signal output unit 36 is configured to output an adjusting signal according to the judging result and the comparing result, control the water distribution device control module 30, and further control the adjusting valve 213 and the spray head 202, so as to realize adjustment of the water distribution amount or the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, when the device is used, the water distribution mode of the cooling tower 10 can be adjusted according to the monitored temperature of the cooling liquid, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cooling areas are arranged, wherein the cooling areas are radially arranged along the cooling tower, and the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
s2: the temperature of the cooling liquid is monitored in real time, including monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through different cooling areas;
s3: the water distribution device 2 is adjusted, and the water distribution device 2 is adjusted to the water distribution quantity of different cooling areas and/or the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 is adjusted according to the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the different cooling areas.
According to the heat exchange characteristics of the cooling tower, the air supply of the cooling tower gradually diffuses from the periphery of the cooling tower to the inside of the cooling tower, so that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower gradually weakens from the edge to the center, and by the method, the cooling capacity of the corresponding cooling area can be judged according to the cooling liquid temperatures of different cooling areas of the cooling tower, the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to the different cooling areas is controlled, quantitative water distribution is further realized, and the treatment effect and efficiency of the cooling tower are improved; the temperature of the cooling liquid near the edge of the cooling tower is lower when the ambient temperature is lower, so that the cooling tower is easier to freeze, and the method can monitor the temperature of the cooling liquid in real time, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid in the strong cooling region can be obtained in time when the ambient temperature of the cooling region is lower, the water supply amount and the water spraying direction of the cooling liquid can be adjusted in time, and the situation that the cooling region (the strong cooling region) freezes is avoided; according to the method, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is high, the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 is controlled to be upward, so that the spraying height and the diffusion area of the cooling liquid are increased, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the cooling air is increased, the temperature of circulating cooling water is reduced, and the cooling effect of the cooling liquid is better.
As shown in fig. 2, one embodiment of the step S3 is as follows:
s3.1: according to the cooling liquid temperature corresponding to different cooling areas, the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to the different cooling areas and the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 are adjusted, and the specific steps comprise:
s3.1.1: presetting a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value by a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit 33;
s3.1.2: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
s3.1.3: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the water distribution device 2 is regulated to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area;
s3.1.4: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid or not;
s3.1.5: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is still smaller than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 to the strong cooling area is regulated, so that the water spraying direction faces the strong cooling area.
The above embodiment is more suitable for the situation that when the ambient temperature is low, as the ambient temperature is low, according to the characteristics of the cooling tower, the temperature of the outermost periphery (i.e. near the edge of the cooling tower) of the cooling tower is lower relative to the temperature inside the cooling tower, and the cooling liquid is easier to generate icing on the packing layer 101; after S3.1.3 step operation, the temperature of the cooling liquid can be judged again, if the temperature is not lower than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the state can be kept to run continuously, the water distribution device 2 (the spray heads 202) spray water towards one side facing the top of the cooling tower, and the flow of the cooling liquid is regulated and controlled, so that the cooling effect of the cooling tower is not affected, and the situation of freezing of the cooling tower can be avoided; if the temperature of the outermost peripheral cooling area is still lower than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 can be adjusted, specifically, the nozzle of the nozzle 202 is adjusted from the vertical upward direction to the direction aligning to the strong cooling area, the nozzle direction of the nozzle 202 faces the corresponding cooling area, the flow rate of the cooling liquid can be increased under the action of gravity, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the cooling air is reduced, the impact force and the friction force of the water flow are increased, and therefore the situation that the heat exchange condition in the tower is deteriorated and the packing layer 101 is damaged due to freezing of the cooling liquid is prevented.
As shown in fig. 3, a second embodiment of the step S3 is:
s3.2: according to the coolant temperature that different cooling areas correspond, adjust water injection direction of water distribution device 2, it specifically includes:
s3.2.1: presetting a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value by a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit 33;
s3.2.2: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
s3.2.3: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the water distribution device 2 is regulated to spray towards the top of the cooling tower, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the water distribution device 2 is regulated to spray towards the bottom of the cooling tower.
According to the embodiment, the spraying direction can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature, when the ambient temperature is higher, whether the cooling tower is frozen or not is not needed to be considered, and when water is distributed, only how to enable the cooling tower to have better heat exchange effect is needed to be considered, and as the spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 is upward, the spraying height and the diffusion area of the cooling liquid can be increased, so that the contact area of the cooling liquid and the cold air can be increased, the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the cooling effect of the cooling liquid is better; and when ambient temperature is lower, consider preventing that the coolant liquid freezes, can be with water injection device 2 (specifically shower nozzle 202 spout) towards the cooling zone (can be towards strong cooling zone) that filler layer 101 set up, and then reduce the injection height of coolant liquid, reduce its heat transfer time with the air, increase impact force to reach the purpose of preventing freezing.
As shown in fig. 2, a third embodiment of the step S3 is:
s3.3: according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to different cooling areas is adjusted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s3.3.1: presetting a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value by a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit 33;
s3.3.2: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
s3.3.3: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to different cooling areas is obtained in real time;
s3.3.4: comparing the cooling capacities of different cooling areas according to the temperature of the cooling liquid to obtain a comparison result;
s3.3.5: and according to the comparison result, adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to different cooling areas.
The embodiment is more suitable for the situation that whether the cooling tower is frozen or not is not needed to be considered when the environment temperature is higher, and when water is distributed, only how to enable the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower to be better is needed to be considered, namely, the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 distributed to different cooling areas is reasonably distributed according to the cooling capacity of the different cooling areas. Specifically, when the cooling tower is running, the opening of all the valves of the regulating valve 213 can be regulated to 100%, after the temperature of the cooling liquid is stable, the cooling liquid temperatures of different cooling areas are obtained in real time, and the cooling capacities of the different cooling areas are compared by corresponding cooling liquid temperatures, so that a comparison result is obtained, and the comparison result can be represented by the ratio of the temperatures.
For example, three different cooling areas a, b and c are selected from the edge to the center of the cooling tower, and the temperatures of the cooling liquid in the corresponding cooling areas are assumed to be T a 、T b 、T c The temperature of the cooling liquid inlet tower is T 0 The corresponding cooling capacity ratio nsT of each cooling zone a ：nsT b ：nsT c ＝(T a -T 0 )：(T b -T 0 )：(T c -T 0 ) When the water distribution amount is adjusted according to the comparison result, the water distribution amount corresponding to the cooling area a can be kept unchanged (the opening of the adjusting valve 213 is unchanged), and the opening of the adjusting valve 213 corresponding to the cooling area b and c can be adjusted according to the corresponding ratio. Taking a specific working condition as an example, the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower is 41.54 ℃, the cooling liquid temperature of each cooling area from inside to outside is 36.16 ℃,34.74 ℃ and 32.60 ℃, at this time, the opening ratio of the regulating valve 213 corresponding to the cooling area can be set as 1:0.76:0.60.
preferably, the coolant freezing point threshold is set according to the coolant characteristics, and may be generally set to 2 to 3 ℃.
In particular, in order to achieve a quantitative water distribution, the regulation of the water distribution device 2 also comprises a fitting of the water distribution device 2, which comprises in particular: the water diversion pipes are arranged above the cooling area in a one-to-one correspondence manner (the water diversion pipes can be arranged as annular water diversion pipes 201 or arc water diversion pipes 203), and the pipe diameters of the water diversion pipes are sequentially increased from the center of the cooling tower to the edge direction of the cooling tower; a regulating valve 213 is arranged at the water inlet end of each water diversion pipe; a plurality of spray heads 202 are arranged on each water diversion pipe, and the number of the spray heads 202 is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the corresponding water diversion pipe.
Further, there are various ways of adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to different cooling areas and adjusting the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2, so that quantitative water supply can be realized, and the cooling tower can be prevented from freezing while the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling tower is ensured.
In one embodiment, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid, the valve opening of the regulating valve 213 corresponding to the water diversion pipe farthest from the center of the cooling tower is kept to be maximum, and all the other regulating valves 213 are closed.
In one embodiment, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is greater than the freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid, the valve opening of the corresponding regulating valve 213 of the water diversion pipe farthest from the center of the cooling tower is kept to be the largest, and the valve opening of the corresponding regulating valve 213 is regulated according to the ratio of the temperatures of the cooling liquid corresponding to different cooling areas based on the valve opening of the regulating valve 213 with the largest opening.
In one embodiment, all nozzles 202 on the water diversion pipe corresponding to the strong cooling area may be directed toward the strong cooling area, and at this time, it is only necessary to ensure that all nozzles disposed on the water diversion pipe corresponding to the strong cooling area are rotatable nozzles.
In one embodiment, all spray heads 202 are oriented with the spray ports directed toward the intense cooling zone, and all spray heads 202 of water distribution device 2 are now configured as rotatable spray heads.
In summary, when the environmental temperature of the equipment is higher, the purpose of optimizing water distribution of the cooling tower is mainly to improve the cooling capacity, and the temperature of circulating cooling water is reduced as much as possible, so that the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine generator unit of the thermal power plant is improved; when the ambient temperature is low, measures should be taken to prevent the periphery of the cooling tower water spray from freezing.
Specifically, when the ambient temperature is high, namely when the cooling temperature at the bottom of the water collection tank or the strong cooling area is not less than the solidification threshold value of the cooling liquid, the device is specifically used in the following manner:
the spray head 202 is adjusted to spray water upwards, so that the spray height and the diffusion area of the circulating cooling water can be increased, the contact area between the circulating cooling water and cold air can be increased, and the temperature of the circulating cooling water can be reduced;
after the temperature of the circulating cooling water is stable, the temperature detection device 31 (specifically, a temperature sensor) correspondingly arranged in each cooling area at the bottom of the packing layer 101 acquires the bottom temperature of the packing corresponding to each water distribution pipe area, so as to calculate the cooling capacity ratio corresponding to each cooling area;
the opening of each regulating valve 213 is regulated to be consistent with the cooling capacity ratio value of the corresponding cooling area, so that the water distribution ratio of each water distribution device is consistent with the cooling capacity ratio value of the corresponding area, the air-water ratio of each cooling area in the cooling tower is kept consistent, the heat exchange environment is favorably improved, and the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is improved;
according to the change of the environmental condition, the cooling capacity of the cooling area is calculated in real time by utilizing the temperature of the cooling liquid monitored in real time, and the opening degree of each regulating valve 213 is dynamically regulated to be consistent with the cooling capacity ratio value of each corresponding cooling area. After the environmental conditions, such as temperature and wind speed, are changed, the cooling capacity of each cooling area is changed, and the cooling liquid temperature corresponding to the cooling area and the circulating cooling water inlet temperature of the cooling tower are obtained through real-time monitoring, so that the opening of each valve is dynamically adjusted in real time to be consistent with the cooling capacity ratio value of each cooling area, the water distribution amount of each cooling area is always corresponding to the cooling capacity of the corresponding packing layer of the area, and the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower is improved.
When the ambient temperature is high, namely when the cooling temperature at the bottom of the water collecting tank or the strong cooling area is not less than the solidification threshold value of the cooling liquid, the specific use mode of the device is as follows:
firstly, the water distribution amount at the outermost periphery (namely, the strong cooling area) of the cooling tower is regulated to be maximum, namely, the opening of a regulating valve 213 of the strong cooling area is opened to be maximum, meanwhile, water distribution to all or part of other cooling areas can be cut off (the corresponding regulating valve 213 can be closed specifically), and by increasing the flow rate of peripheral nozzles, the temperature after cooling by circulating cooling water can be increased on the one hand, the water flow speed can be increased on the other hand, the impact force and the friction force of water flow can be increased, and icing can be prevented.
Monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the water collecting tank or the strong cooling area, and adjusting the direction of the spray head 202 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid in the strong cooling area; if the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the solidification threshold value of the cooling liquid, the outermost periphery water distribution amount is kept, the spray heads 202 spray towards the top of the tower, and if the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the solidification threshold value of the cooling liquid, the spray heads 202 or the spray openings of all spray heads 202 corresponding to the strong cooling area face the strong cooling area, the flow rate of the circulating cooling water can be increased under the action of gravity, the contact area of the circulating cooling water and the cooling air is reduced, and the impact force and the friction force of the water flow are increased, so that the freezing of the circulating cooling water is further prevented.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present utility model are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A water distribution device for a natural draft wet cooling tower, comprising:
the central vertical shaft (1) is arranged at the central axis of the cooling tower (10);
the water distribution device (2) comprises a plurality of water spray pipelines (20) which are equidistantly arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower (10) and a water distribution pipeline (21) which is used for communicating the water spray pipelines (20) with the central vertical shaft (1);
the control device (3) comprises a plurality of temperature detection devices (31) and a water distribution device control module (30) for adjusting the water spraying amount and/or the water spraying direction of different water spraying pipelines (20) according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection devices (31) in real time;
the temperature detection devices (31) are arranged below the packing layers (101) of the cooling tower (10) and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the water spraying pipelines (20).
2. Water distribution device suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 1, wherein said water spray line (20) comprises a number of annular water distribution pipes (201), each of said annular water distribution pipes (201) being connected with a number of spray heads (202);
the central axes of the annular water diversion pipes (201) are overlapped, and the pipe diameters of the annular water diversion pipes are gradually increased;
at least the spray head (202) connected with the annular water diversion pipe (201) with the largest pipe diameter is arranged as a rotatable spray head;
the number of the spray heads (202) mounted on the annular water diversion pipe (201) is proportional to the sectional area of the annular water diversion pipe (201).
3. Water distribution device suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 2, characterized in that said water distribution pipe (21) comprises several water pipes (210), one regulating valve (213) being mounted on each of said water pipes (210);
the water delivery pipes (210) are connected with the annular water diversion pipes (201) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameters of the water delivery pipes (210) are equal to those of the annular water diversion pipes (201) connected with the water delivery pipes in a corresponding manner;
the sum of the sectional areas of all the water supply pipes (210) is equal to the sectional area of the central shaft (1).
4. A water distribution device for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 3 wherein said water supply pipes (210) are arranged in an annular array around said central shaft (1).
5. Water distribution device suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 2, characterized in that said spray heads (202) mounted on the same annular water diversion pipe (201) are symmetrically distributed on both sides corresponding to said annular water diversion pipe (201).
6. Water distribution device suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 1, characterized in that said water spray line (20) comprises a number of arc-shaped water distribution pipes (203), and in that said arc-shaped water distribution pipes (203) equidistant from said central shaft (1) are distributed in an annular array;
the arc-shaped water diversion pipes (203) arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower are distributed in a fan shape, and each arc-shaped water diversion pipe (203) is connected with a plurality of spray heads (202);
the central axes of the arc-shaped water diversion pipes (203) are overlapped, and the pipe diameters are gradually increased;
at least the spray head (202) connected with the arc-shaped water diversion pipe (203) with the largest pipe diameter is arranged as a rotatable spray head;
the number of the spray heads (202) arranged on the arc-shaped water diversion pipe (203) is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the arc-shaped water diversion pipe (203).
7. Water distribution equipment for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 6 wherein said water distribution pipe (21) comprises a number of first water distribution pipes (211) distributed in an annular array around said central shaft (1) and said first water distribution pipes (211) are connected at one end to said central shaft (1);
the first water distribution pipes (211) are connected with a plurality of arc-shaped water distribution pipes (203) arranged along the same radial direction of the cooling tower through a plurality of second water distribution pipes (212), the second water distribution pipes (212) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes (203), and each second water distribution pipe (212) is provided with a regulating valve (213);
the pipe diameter of the second water distribution pipe (212) is equal to that of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe (203) correspondingly connected with the second water distribution pipe; the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distribution pipes (212) is equal to the sectional area of the first water distribution pipe (211); the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distribution pipes (211) is equal to the sum of the sectional areas of the central shaft (1).
8. Water distribution plant suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 7, characterized in that said first water distribution pipes (211) are arranged in an annular array around said central shaft (1);
the first water distribution pipe (211) is connected with the middle section of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe (203) through the second water distribution pipe (212).
9. Water distribution device suitable for natural draft wet cooling towers according to claim 8 wherein said spray heads (202) mounted on the same arc-shaped water distribution pipe (203) are symmetrically arranged with respect to said first water distribution pipe (211).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320422662.2U CN219494977U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Water distribution equipment suitable for natural ventilation wet cooling tower |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320422662.2U CN219494977U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Water distribution equipment suitable for natural ventilation wet cooling tower |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219494977U true CN219494977U (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320422662.2U Active CN219494977U (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Water distribution equipment suitable for natural ventilation wet cooling tower |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219494977U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-02 CN CN202320422662.2U patent/CN219494977U/en active Active
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