CN116294680A - Cooling tower water distribution method and system - Google Patents
Cooling tower water distribution method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116294680A CN116294680A CN202310217131.4A CN202310217131A CN116294680A CN 116294680 A CN116294680 A CN 116294680A CN 202310217131 A CN202310217131 A CN 202310217131A CN 116294680 A CN116294680 A CN 116294680A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 376
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 287
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009240 nasopharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C1/12—Arrangements for preventing clogging by frost
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/003—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus specially adapted for cooling towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cooling tower water distribution method and a system, comprising the following steps: the cooling areas are arranged, wherein the cooling areas are radially arranged along the cooling tower, and the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area; the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring comprises monitoring the cooling liquid temperature at the bottom of the cooling zone; the water distribution device is adjusted, and the cooling device comprises a low-temperature antifreezing adjustment step or a normal-temperature synergy adjustment step, the scheme judges the cooling capacities of different cooling areas of the cooling tower according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and quantitatively supplies water according to the cooling capacities of the different cooling areas, so that the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower is improved when the ambient temperature is higher, and the freezing of the cooling tower is avoided when the ambient temperature is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cooling tower performance optimization, in particular to a cooling tower water distribution method and system.
Background
The natural ventilation countercurrent wet cooling tower is one common cold end equipment for heat power plant and nuclear power plant, and is used mainly in reducing the temperature of circulating cooling water through direct contact between cooling liquid and air for heat exchange.
The cooling characteristics of the cooling tower show that cold air enters the rain area through the air inlet of the cooling tower, the air flow in the peripheral area is large, the temperature and the humidity are low, and the heat exchange effect is good; a small part of air flow overcomes the water spraying resistance and enters the central area of the cooling tower, heat and mass transfer occurs with sprayed cooling liquid in a radial travel, namely, the air speed and the air quantity of the cooling air are gradually enhanced from small to large in the radial direction which takes the central vertical shaft of the cooling tower as the center to the outer wall of the tower, the cooling capacity is from weak to strong, the cooling capacity of areas close to the center is similar, and the existing water distribution device and the water distribution method cannot distribute water quantitatively according to the radial heat exchange performance difference of the cooling tower in a partitioning mode.
In addition, in cold seasons (when the ambient temperature is lower), the temperature of the cooling tower far away from the central position is lower, the cooling liquid is easy to freeze at the upper edge of the air inlet of the cooling tower, the edge filler position, the nozzle position of the water distribution device far away from the center of the cooling tower and the like, so that the conditions of deterioration of heat exchange conditions in the tower and damage of the filler layer are easy to be caused, and the existing water distribution device and water distribution method cannot dynamically adapt to the change of weather, so that the aim of preventing the freezing is fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a cooling tower water distribution method and a cooling tower water distribution system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cooling tower water distribution method comprising:
the cooling areas are arranged, wherein the cooling areas are radially arranged along the cooling tower, and the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
the temperature of the cooling liquid is monitored in real time, including monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of different cooling areas;
the water distribution device is adjusted, and the water distribution device comprises a low-temperature anti-freezing adjustment step or a normal-temperature synergy adjustment step;
wherein, the low temperature anti-freezing adjustment step includes: when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is monitored to be smaller than a freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the water distribution device to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area and/or adjusting a spray head of the water distribution device to face the strong cooling area;
the normal temperature synergy step comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is not less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the cooling capacity corresponding to different cooling areas is compared according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the water distribution amount of different cooling areas is adjusted by adopting the water distribution device according to the cooling capacity.
Preferably, the low temperature anti-freezing adjustment step includes:
presetting a freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the water distribution device to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid or not again;
and when the temperature of the cooling liquid is still smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the spray head of the water distribution device to face the strong cooling area.
Preferably, said adjusting the spray head of the water distribution device towards the strong cooling zone comprises:
the nozzle corresponding to the strong cooling area faces the strong cooling area, and the nozzles of the nozzles corresponding to the rest of the cooling areas face the top of the cooling tower;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and directing all spray nozzle nozzles towards the strong cooling area.
Preferably, the normal temperature synergy adjusting step comprises the following steps:
presetting a freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, acquiring the temperatures of the cooling liquid corresponding to different cooling areas in real time;
comparing the cooling capacities of different cooling areas according to the temperature of the cooling liquid to obtain a comparison result;
according to the comparison result, the water distribution device is adopted to adjust the water distribution amounts of different cooling areas;
the normal temperature synergy adjusting step further comprises:
and all spray heads of the water distribution device face the top of the cooling tower.
Preferably, the water distribution device adjustment further comprises a water distribution device fitting, which specifically comprises:
a plurality of water diversion pipes are arranged above the cooling area in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameters of the water diversion pipes are sequentially increased from the center of the cooling tower to the edge direction of the cooling tower;
a regulating valve is arranged at the water inlet end of each water distribution pipe;
a plurality of spray heads are arranged on each water diversion pipe, and the number of the spray heads is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the corresponding water diversion pipe;
the water distribution device is used for adjusting the water distribution amount of different cooling areas according to the cooling capacity, and the water distribution device comprises:
and keeping the maximum valve opening of the regulating valve corresponding to the water diversion pipe farthest from the center of the cooling tower, and regulating the valve opening corresponding to the regulating valve according to the ratio of the cooling liquid temperatures corresponding to different cooling areas by taking the maximum valve opening of the regulating valve as a reference.
A cooling tower water distribution system for distributing water using the method, comprising:
the cooling area is used for cooling the cooling liquid, wherein the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
a water distribution device for supplying a cooling liquid to the cooling zone;
the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module is used for monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through all the cooling areas;
and the water distribution device adjusting module is used for adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device to different cooling areas and/or adjusting the water spraying direction of the water distribution device according to the temperature of the cooling liquid.
Preferably, the water distribution device comprises: a central vertical shaft, a water distribution pipeline and a water spray pipeline;
the water spraying pipeline is connected with the central vertical shaft through the water distribution pipeline;
the water spraying pipeline comprises water diversion pipes, a plurality of water diversion pipes are radially equidistantly arranged along the central vertical shaft, and the water diversion pipes are distributed from the center of the central vertical shaft to the edge direction of the cooling tower, and the pipe diameter is gradually increased;
each water distribution pipe is connected with a plurality of spray heads, and at least the spray heads connected with the water distribution pipe with the largest pipe diameter are arranged as rotatable spray heads;
the number of the spray heads connected with the water diversion pipes is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the water diversion pipes;
the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of regulating valves for controlling the central vertical shaft to distribute different water distribution amounts of the water distribution pipes;
the rotatable spray head and the regulating valve are electrically connected with the water distribution device regulating module.
Preferably, the water diversion pipe is provided as an annular water diversion pipe;
the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of water delivery pipes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the annular water distribution pipes, the water delivery pipes are communicated with the central vertical shaft and the annular water distribution pipes corresponding to the central vertical shaft, and each water delivery pipe is provided with one regulating valve;
the pipe diameter of the water supply pipe is equal to the pipe diameter of the annular water distribution pipe correspondingly connected with the water supply pipe, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the water supply pipes is equal to the sectional area of the central vertical shaft.
Preferably, the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of first water distribution pipes distributed in an annular array around the central vertical shaft, and one end of each first water distribution pipe is connected with the central vertical shaft;
the water distribution pipes are arc-shaped water distribution pipes, and a plurality of arc-shaped water distribution pipes are arranged along the central axis direction of the first water distribution pipe;
each first water distribution pipe is connected with an arc-shaped water distribution pipe arranged along the central axis direction of the first water distribution pipe through a second water distribution pipe, and the second water distribution pipes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes;
the pipe diameters of the second water distribution pipes are equal to those of the arc-shaped water distribution pipes correspondingly connected with the second water distribution pipes, the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distribution pipes is equal to that of the first water distribution pipes, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distribution pipes is equal to that of the central vertical shaft;
and each second water distribution pipe is provided with one regulating valve.
Preferably, the device also comprises a packing layer, a temperature detection device, a water collecting tank and a treatment center,
the cooling area is arranged on the packing layer, and the temperature detection device is arranged at the bottom of the packing layer;
the temperature detection device is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module;
the processing center is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module and the water distribution device adjusting module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the cooling tower water distribution method provided by the technical scheme, according to the characteristic that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower gradually weakens from the edge to the center, a plurality of cooling areas are radially arranged from the cooling tower, and the temperature of cooling liquid in each cooling area is monitored in real time, so that the cooling capacity of different cooling areas of the cooling tower can be judged according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, quantitative water supply can be carried out according to the cooling capacities of different cooling areas, and the advantages of improving the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower when the ambient temperature is higher and avoiding freezing of the cooling tower when the ambient temperature is lower are achieved; in addition, the quantitative water supply mode comprises single application or combination of modes of adjusting water distribution amounts of different cooling areas, adjusting water spraying directions of water distribution devices and the like, so that when the ambient temperature is higher, the situation that freezing is caused by too low temperature of cooling liquid at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is not needed to be considered, and the water distribution amount distributed to each cooling area can be directly adjusted, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher; when the ambient temperature is lower, the situation that the cooling liquid temperature at the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is too low is easy to cause icing, at this time, the monitored cooling liquid temperature is too low, the water distribution amount of the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower can be increased, and the water spraying direction of the water distribution device can be adjusted, so that the water distribution direction faces the corresponding cooling area, and the situation of avoiding icing is achieved.
According to the cooling tower water distribution system provided by the technical scheme, the water distribution amount of different cooling areas can be adjusted in real time according to the change of environmental conditions by using the method, quantitative water supply regulation and control are realized, the situation that the cooling tower is low in efficiency and the periphery of the cooling tower is frozen when the environmental temperature is high can be avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a cooling tower water distribution method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic step diagram of an embodiment of the water dispenser adjustment provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of each module of a cooling tower water distribution system provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of a part of the structure in the cooling tower water distribution system provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the water distribution device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the water distribution device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of fig. 6 from the direction a.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of fig. 6 from the direction B.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of fig. 6 from the direction C.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a cooling zone; 2. a water distribution device; 21. a central shaft; 22. a water distribution pipeline; 220. a water supply pipe; 221. a first water distribution pipe; 222. a second water distribution pipe; 23. a water spraying pipeline; 231. a water diversion pipe; 2311. an annular water diversion pipe; 2312. an arc-shaped water diversion pipe; 232. a spray head; 233. a regulating valve; 3. the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module; 4. a water distribution device adjusting module; 5. a filler layer; 6. a temperature detecting device; 7. a water collecting tank; 8. a processing center; 81. a cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit; 82. a temperature judgment unit; 83. a cooling capacity comparing unit; 84. and a regulating signal output unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling tower water distribution method, including:
s1: the cooling areas 1 are arranged, wherein the cooling areas 1 are arranged along the radial direction of the cooling tower, and the cooling area 1 farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
s2: the temperature of the cooling liquid is monitored in real time, including monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of different cooling areas 1;
s3: the water distribution device 2 comprises a low-temperature antifreezing regulation step or a normal-temperature synergy regulation step.
The low-temperature anti-freezing adjustment step is suitable for the situation that the ambient temperature is low, at this time, according to the characteristics of the cooling tower, the temperature of the outermost periphery (i.e. the strong cooling area near the edge of the cooling tower) of the cooling tower is lower relative to the temperature of the inside of the cooling tower, and the cooling liquid is easier to generate icing on the packing layer 5, so that the temperature of the strong cooling area can be increased by adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 and the direction of the spray head 232 of the water distribution device 2. The normal-temperature synergy adjusting step is suitable for the situation that the ambient temperature is higher, at this moment, the cooling tower can not freeze, and when water is distributed, only needs to consider how to enable the heat exchange effect of the cooling tower to be better, namely, according to the cooling capacity of different cooling areas 1, the water distribution amount distributed to different cooling areas 1 by the water distribution device 2 is reasonably distributed.
The low-temperature anti-freezing adjustment can be realized in various ways, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is monitored to be smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the strong cooling area can be prevented from being frozen by adjusting the water distribution device 2.
In one embodiment, the low temperature freeze protection adjustment step S3.1 includes:
s3.1.1: presetting a freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid;
s3.1.2: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
s3.1.3: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the water distribution device 2 is regulated to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area;
s3.1.4: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid or not;
s3.1.5: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is still less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the spray head 232 of the water distribution device 2 is adjusted to face the strong cooling area.
In the method, firstly, through the steps S3.1.1 and S3.1.2, whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area reaches the freezing point threshold value is judged, and then whether the cooling liquid is easy to freeze can be judged, if so, the cooling liquid is easy to freeze, and then, the step S3.1.3 is executed, namely, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area can be increased through the regulating valve 233, and on one hand, the temperature after the cooling liquid is cooled can be increased due to the increase of the water distribution amount (namely, the flow rate of the high-temperature cooling liquid supplied to the strong cooling area); on the other hand, the flow rate of the cooling liquid can be increased, the impact force and the friction force of water flow are improved, the effect of preventing icing is achieved, then, a step S3.1.4 is executed, and whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid is judged again; judging whether the effect of avoiding icing can be achieved through adjustment of the water distribution amount, if the temperature of the cooling liquid is still smaller than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the situation that icing cannot be avoided is explained, at the moment, the spray head 232 of the water distribution device 2 is directly adjusted to face the strong cooling area, at the moment, the spray height and the diffusion area of the cooling liquid can be further increased under the action of gravity, the impact force and the friction force of water flow are increased, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the cooling air is reduced because the spray height is reduced and the sprayed water flow is more concentrated, so that the situation that the heat exchange condition in the tower is deteriorated and the packing layer 5 is damaged due to the fact that the cooling liquid is frozen is prevented, if the temperature of the cooling liquid is not smaller than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the situation that icing can be avoided through adjustment of the water distribution amount is explained, at the moment, the spray nozzle 232 faces the top of the cooling liquid, the spray height and the diffusion area of the cooling liquid can be increased, and the contact area of the cooling liquid can be further increased, and the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, namely, the situation that the cooling efficiency is reduced when the cooling liquid is prevented from freezing is carried out under the running state.
In other embodiments, the low-temperature anti-freezing adjustment step may be implemented by adjusting the water distribution device 2 to increase the water distribution amount to the strong cooling area when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is monitored to be less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid; or when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is monitored to be smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the spray head 232 of the water distribution device 2 is adjusted to face the strong cooling area, and only the water distribution amount or the spray head is adjusted.
In one embodiment, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is less than the freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid, the valve opening of the regulating valve 233 corresponding to the water diversion pipe 231 farthest from the center of the cooling tower (i.e., the water diversion pipe 231 corresponding to the strong cooling region) is kept to be maximum, and all the remaining regulating valves 233 are closed.
Further, the orientation of the spray heads 232 of the water distribution device 2 towards the strong cooling zone can be adjusted according to the manner in which the spray heads 232 are arranged.
When only the spray heads 232 corresponding to the strong cooling areas for supplying cooling liquid are arranged as rotatable spray heads, spray heads 232 corresponding to the strong cooling areas can be oriented to the strong cooling areas, and spray heads 232 corresponding to the rest cooling areas 1 can be oriented to the top of the cooling tower; when all of the spray heads 232 in the water distribution device 2 are provided as rotatable spray heads, the spray heads 232 may be all directed toward the strong cooling zone.
The normal temperature synergy adjusting step has various implementation modes, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, the cooling capacities corresponding to different cooling areas 1 are compared according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and then the water distribution amount of the different cooling areas 1 is adjusted by adopting the water distribution device 2 according to the cooling capacities, so that the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is increased.
In one embodiment, the normal temperature synergy adjusting step S3.2 includes:
s3.2.1: presetting a freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid;
s3.2.2: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
s3.2.3: when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to different cooling areas 1 is obtained in real time;
s3.2.4: comparing the cooling capacities of different cooling areas 1 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid to obtain a comparison result;
s3.2.5: according to the comparison result, the water distribution amount of different cooling areas 1 is adjusted by adopting the water distribution device 2.
In one embodiment, the normal temperature synergy adjusting step further comprises: all spray heads 232 of the water distribution device 2 face the top of the cooling tower, so that the spray height and the diffusion area of the cooling liquid can be increased, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the cold air can be increased, and the temperature of the cooling liquid can be reduced.
In one embodiment, the water distribution device 2 adjustment further comprises a water distribution device 2 fitting, which comprises in particular:
the upper part of the cooling zone 1 is provided with water diversion pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameter of the plurality of water diversion pipes is sequentially increased from the center of the cooling tower to the edge direction of the cooling tower;
a regulating valve 233 is arranged at the water inlet end of each water diversion pipe;
a plurality of spray heads 232 are arranged on each water diversion pipe, and the number of the spray heads 232 is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the corresponding water diversion pipe;
at this time, the water distribution amount of the different cooling areas 1 is adjusted by the water distribution device 2 according to the cooling capacity, and the method comprises the following steps:
the valve opening of the corresponding regulating valve 233 of the water diversion pipe which is farthest from the center of the cooling tower is kept to be the largest, and the valve opening of the corresponding regulating valve 233 is regulated according to the ratio of the cooling liquid temperatures corresponding to different cooling areas 1 by taking the valve opening of the regulating valve 233 with the largest opening as a reference.
Specifically, when the cooling tower is running, the opening of all the valves of the regulating valve 233 can be firstly regulated to 100%, after the temperature of the cooling liquid is stable, the cooling liquid temperatures of different cooling areas 1 are obtained in real time, and the cooling capacities of different cooling areas 1 are compared by corresponding cooling liquid temperatures, so that a comparison result is obtained, and the comparison result can be represented by the ratio of the temperature difference values. For example:
three different cooling areas 1, a, b and c, are selected from the edge of the cooling tower to the center direction, and the cooling liquid temperatures at the bottoms of the corresponding cooling areas 1 are respectively T a 、T b 、T c The temperature of the cooling liquid inlet tower is T 0 The corresponding cooling capacity ratio nsT of each cooling zone 1 a ：nsT b ：nsT c ＝(T a -T 0 )：(T b -T 0 )：(T c -T 0 ) When the water distribution amount is adjusted according to the comparison result, the water distribution amount corresponding to the cooling zone 1 can be kept unchanged (the opening degree of the adjusting valve 233 is unchanged), and the opening degree of the adjusting valve 233 corresponding to the cooling zone 1 can be adjusted according to the corresponding ratio of b and c. Taking a specific working condition as an example, the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower is 41.54 ℃, the cooling liquid temperature of each cooling zone 1 from inside to outside is 36.16 ℃,34.74 ℃ and 32.60 ℃, at this time, the opening ratio of the regulating valve 233 corresponding to the cooling zone can be set as 1:0.76:0.60.
preferably, the coolant freezing point threshold is set according to the coolant characteristics, and may be generally set to 2 to 3 ℃.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment further provides a water distribution system for distributing water by using the water distribution method, including:
the cooling zone 1 is used for cooling the cooling liquid, wherein the cooling zone 1 farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling zone;
a water distribution device 2 for supplying a cooling liquid to the cooling zone 1;
the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module 3 is used for monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through all the cooling areas 1;
the water distribution device adjusting module 4 is used for adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device 2 to different cooling areas 1 and/or adjusting the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the system also comprises a packing layer 5, a temperature detection device 6, a water collecting tank 7 and a treatment center 8,
the cooling area 1 is arranged on the packing layer 5, and the temperature detection device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the packing layer 5;
the temperature detection device 6 is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module 3;
the processing center 8 is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module 3 and the water distribution device adjusting module 4.
Specifically, the positions of the temperature detecting devices 6 are set according to the cooling areas 1, each cooling area 1 is correspondingly provided with a temperature detecting device 6, 1, 2 or more temperature detecting devices 6 in the same cooling area 1 can be arranged, when the number exceeds 1, the temperature detecting devices can be distributed in a ring-shaped array around the center of the cooling tower, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid is obtained, the average value of the temperature detecting devices 6 can be calculated, so that the detection accuracy is more accurate.
Specifically, the processing center 8 may be disposed in a DCS system of the power plant, where the processing center 8 is configured to process monitored data and output signals in the DCS system, and further, the processing center 8 includes: the cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit 81, the temperature judging unit 82, the cooling capacity comparing unit 83 and the adjusting signal output unit 84, wherein the cooling liquid freezing point threshold value presetting unit 81 is used for setting the cooling liquid freezing point threshold value, and can be generally set to be 2-3 ℃; the temperature judging unit 82 is configured to judge the temperature of the coolant (mainly the temperature of the coolant in the cooling zone 1 furthest from the center of the cooling tower) monitored by the real-time coolant temperature real-time monitoring module 3 and the threshold value of the freezing point of the coolant preset by the threshold value presetting unit 81, and generate a judgment result; the cooling capacity comparing unit 83 is configured to compare the cooling capacities of the different cooling areas 1 according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and obtain a comparison result; and the adjusting signal output unit 84 is configured to output an adjusting signal according to the judging result and the comparing result, control the water distribution device adjusting module 4, and further control the spray head 232 and the adjusting valve 233, so as to realize adjustment of the water distribution amount or the water spraying direction of the water distribution device 2.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the water distribution device 2 includes: a central shaft 21, a water distribution pipeline 22 and a water spray pipeline 23; the water spraying pipeline 23 is connected with the central vertical shaft 21 through the water distributing pipeline 22; the water spraying pipeline 23 comprises a plurality of water diversion pipes 231, wherein the water diversion pipes 231 are equidistantly arranged along the radial direction of the central vertical shaft 21, specifically, 3, 4 or more water diversion pipes 231 are equidistantly arranged along the radial direction of the central vertical shaft 21, and the pipe diameter of the plurality of water diversion pipes 231 distributed from the center of the central vertical shaft 21 to the edge direction of the cooling tower is gradually increased; each water diversion pipe 231 is connected with a plurality of spray heads 232, and at least the spray heads 232 connected with the water diversion pipe 231 with the largest pipe diameter are arranged as rotatable spray heads 232; the number of the spray heads 232 connected with the water diversion pipe 231 is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the water diversion pipe 231; the water distribution pipeline 22 comprises a plurality of regulating valves 233 for controlling the water quantity distributed by the central vertical shaft 21 to different water distribution pipes 231; the rotatable spray head 232 and the regulating valve 233 are electrically connected with the water distribution device regulating module 4.
Specifically, since the central shaft 21 of the cooling tower is the center, and the radial direction of the outer wall (edge) of the cooling tower is directed, the wind speed and the wind quantity of the cooling air are gradually increased from small to large, the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is from weak to strong, and the cooling capacity of the area close to the center is similar, so that the pipe diameters of a plurality of water diversion pipes 231 distributed from the center of the central shaft 21 to the direction of the edge (outer wall) of the cooling tower are gradually increased (the pipe diameters of different water diversion pipes 231 are changed, and the pipe diameters of the water diversion pipes 231 equidistant from the center of the cooling tower are consistent); each water diversion pipe 231 is connected with a plurality of spray heads 232, and in order to realize quantitative water distribution of different cooling areas 1, the number of spray heads 232 connected with the water diversion pipes 231 is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the water diversion pipes 231.
Further, in order to adjust the water distribution direction of the water distribution device 2, the spray head 232 may be configured as a rotary spray head, and in addition, since when the ambient temperature is low, only the temperature of the circulating cooling water at the outermost periphery will be lower than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling water, the spray head 232 connected to the water distribution pipe 231 with the largest pipe diameter (i.e. the water distribution pipe 231 with the outermost periphery near the edge of the cooling tower) may be configured as a rotary spray head. The water spray pipeline 23 also comprises a plurality of regulating valves 233 for controlling the water quantity distributed by the central shaft 21 to the different water diversion pipes 231; the rotatable spray head and the regulating valve 233 are electrically connected with the water distribution device regulating module 4, so that electric regulation of the rotatable spray head and the regulating valve 233 is realized, and the rotatable spray head and the regulating valve 233 can be manually regulated.
The water distribution pipeline 22 and the water spray pipeline 23 can be arranged into various combined structures, and quantitative water distribution and water distribution amount adjustment of the cooling area 1 can be realized.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the water diversion pipe 231 is provided as an annular water diversion pipe 2311; the water distribution pipeline 22 comprises a plurality of water distribution pipes 220 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the annular water distribution pipes 2311, the water distribution pipes 220 are communicated with the central vertical shaft 21 and the annular water distribution pipes 2311 corresponding to the central vertical shaft 21, and each water distribution pipe 220 is provided with a regulating valve 233; the pipe diameter of the water pipe 220 is equal to the pipe diameter of the annular water diversion pipe 2311 correspondingly connected with the water pipe, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the water pipes 220 is equal to the sectional area of the central shaft 21. Specifically, taking fig. 6 as an example, the annular water diversion pipe 2311 is provided with d, e and f from the edge to the center of the cooling tower at equal distance, and the corresponding pipe diameter can be set as R d 、R e 、R f The water supply pipes 220 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the three annular water diversion pipes 2311 of d, e and f are g, h and i respectively, and the pipe diameters corresponding to the water supply pipes are R respectively g 、R h 、R i The d, e and f annular water diversion pipes 2311 are correspondingly connectedThe number of the spray heads 232 is N respectively d 、N e 、N f The central shaft 21 has a corresponding diameter R 0 The relationship between the parameters is:
R 0 >R d ＝R g >R e ＝R h >R f ＝R i ；
R g 2 +R h 2 +R i 2 ＝R 0 2 ；
R d 2 ：R e 2 ：R f 2 ＝N d ：N e ：N f 。
the design can realize quantitative water distribution of different cooling areas 1 by utilizing the water supply pipe 220, the annular water distribution pipe 2311 and the spray heads 232 by controlling the opening degree of the regulating valve 233, and in the scheme, only the regulating valve 233 with the number corresponding to the water supply pipe 220 is required to be controlled, so that the regulation is more convenient.
As shown in fig. 6 to 9, in another embodiment, the water distribution pipe 22 includes a plurality of first water distribution pipes 221 distributed in an annular array around the central shaft 21, and one end of the first water distribution pipe 221 is connected to the central shaft 21; the water diversion pipe 231 is an arc-shaped water diversion pipe 2312, and the arc-shaped water diversion pipe 2312 is provided with a plurality of water diversion pipes along the central axis direction of the first water diversion pipe 221; each first water distribution pipe 221 is connected with an arc-shaped water distribution pipe 2312 arranged along the central axis direction of the first water distribution pipe 222 through a second water distribution pipe 222, and the second water distribution pipes 222 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes 2312; the pipe diameter of the second water distributing pipe 222 is equal to the pipe diameter of the arc-shaped water distributing pipe 2312 correspondingly connected with the second water distributing pipe, the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distributing pipes 222 is equal to the sectional area of the first water distributing pipe 221, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distributing pipes 221 is equal to the sectional area of the central vertical shaft 21; each second water distribution pipe 222 is provided with a regulating valve 233.
Specifically, taking fig. 7 to 9 as an example, the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 2312 are equidistantly provided with j, k and m from the edge to the center of the cooling tower, and the three are distributed in a fan shape, and the corresponding pipe diameters thereof can be set as R j 、R k 、R m Is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the j, k and m arc-shaped water diversion pipes 2312The second water distribution pipes 222 are o, p and q respectively, and the corresponding pipe diameters are R respectively o 、R p 、R q The number of the spray heads 232 correspondingly connected with the three arc-shaped water diversion pipes 2312 of j, k and m is N respectively j 、N k 、N m The central shaft 21 has a corresponding diameter R 0 The corresponding pipe diameter of the first water distribution pipe 221 is R 1 The relationship between the parameters is:
R 0 >R 1 >R j ＝R o >R k ＝R p >R m ＝R q ；
nR 1 2 ＝R 0 2 (n is the number of first water distribution pipes 221);
R o 2 +R p 2 +R q 2 ＝R 1 2 ；
R j 2 ：R k 2 ：R m 2 ＝N j ：N k ：N m 。
in this design, the arc-shaped water diversion pipes 2312, the second water diversion pipes 222 and the first water diversion pipes 221 are combined and arranged into a plurality of groups, and compared with the integral arrangement of the structure (such as the annular water diversion pipes 2311), the subsequent overhaul is easier to determine the fault point positions, and the overhaul is convenient.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A cooling tower water distribution method, comprising:
the cooling areas are arranged, wherein the cooling areas are radially arranged along the cooling tower, and the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
the temperature of the cooling liquid is monitored in real time, including monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of different cooling areas;
the water distribution device is adjusted, and the water distribution device comprises a low-temperature anti-freezing adjustment step or a normal-temperature synergy adjustment step;
wherein, the low temperature anti-freezing adjustment step includes: when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is monitored to be smaller than a freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the water distribution device to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area and/or adjusting a spray head of the water distribution device to face the strong cooling area;
the normal temperature synergy step comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the cooling liquid corresponding to the strong cooling area is not less than the threshold value of the freezing point of the cooling liquid, the cooling capacity corresponding to different cooling areas is compared according to the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the water distribution amount of different cooling areas is adjusted by adopting the water distribution device according to the cooling capacity.
2. The cooling tower water distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature antifreeze adjusting step includes:
presetting a freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the water distribution device to increase the water distribution amount of the strong cooling area;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid or not again;
and when the temperature of the cooling liquid is still smaller than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, adjusting the spray head of the water distribution device to face the strong cooling area.
3. A method of distributing water to a cooling tower according to claim 2, wherein said adjusting the spray head of said water distribution means toward said forced cooling area comprises:
the nozzle corresponding to the strong cooling area faces the strong cooling area, and the nozzles of the nozzles corresponding to the rest of the cooling areas face the top of the cooling tower;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and directing all spray nozzle nozzles towards the strong cooling area.
4. The cooling tower water distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the normal temperature synergy adjusting step comprises:
presetting a freezing point threshold of the cooling liquid;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the bottom of the strong cooling area is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not less than the freezing point threshold value of the cooling liquid, acquiring the temperatures of the cooling liquid corresponding to different cooling areas in real time;
comparing the cooling capacities of different cooling areas according to the temperature of the cooling liquid to obtain a comparison result;
according to the comparison result, the water distribution device is adopted to adjust the water distribution amounts of different cooling areas;
the normal temperature synergy adjusting step further comprises:
and all spray heads of the water distribution device face the top of the cooling tower.
5. A cooling tower water distribution method according to claim 4, wherein the water distribution device adjustment further comprises a water distribution device fitting, comprising in particular:
a plurality of water diversion pipes are arranged above the cooling area in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the pipe diameters of the water diversion pipes are sequentially increased from the center of the cooling tower to the edge direction of the cooling tower;
a regulating valve is arranged at the water inlet end of each water distribution pipe;
a plurality of spray heads are arranged on each water diversion pipe, and the number of the spray heads is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the corresponding water diversion pipe;
the water distribution device is used for adjusting the water distribution amount of different cooling areas according to the cooling capacity, and the water distribution device comprises:
and keeping the maximum valve opening of the regulating valve corresponding to the water diversion pipe farthest from the center of the cooling tower, and regulating the valve opening corresponding to the regulating valve according to the ratio of the cooling liquid temperatures corresponding to different cooling areas by taking the maximum valve opening of the regulating valve as a reference.
6. Cooling tower water distribution system, for distribution of water by means of a method according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
the cooling area is used for cooling the cooling liquid, wherein the cooling area farthest from the center of the cooling tower is a strong cooling area;
a water distribution device for supplying a cooling liquid to the cooling zone;
the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module is used for monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through all the cooling areas;
and the water distribution device adjusting module is used for adjusting the water distribution amount of the water distribution device to different cooling areas and/or adjusting the water spraying direction of the water distribution device according to the temperature of the cooling liquid.
7. A cooling tower water distribution system according to claim 6, wherein said water distribution means comprises: a central vertical shaft, a water distribution pipeline and a water spray pipeline;
the water spraying pipeline is connected with the central vertical shaft through the water distribution pipeline;
the water spraying pipeline comprises water diversion pipes, a plurality of water diversion pipes are radially equidistantly arranged along the central vertical shaft, and the water diversion pipes are distributed from the center of the central vertical shaft to the edge direction of the cooling tower, and the pipe diameter is gradually increased;
each water distribution pipe is connected with a plurality of spray heads, and at least the spray heads connected with the water distribution pipe with the largest pipe diameter are arranged as rotatable spray heads;
the number of the spray heads connected with the water diversion pipes is in direct proportion to the sectional area of the water diversion pipes;
the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of regulating valves for controlling the central vertical shaft to distribute different water distribution amounts of the water distribution pipes;
the rotatable spray head and the regulating valve are electrically connected with the water distribution device regulating module.
8. A cooling tower water distribution system according to claim 7, wherein the water distribution pipe is provided as an annular water distribution pipe;
the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of water delivery pipes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the annular water distribution pipes, the water delivery pipes are communicated with the central vertical shaft and the annular water distribution pipes corresponding to the central vertical shaft, and each water delivery pipe is provided with one regulating valve;
the pipe diameter of the water supply pipe is equal to the pipe diameter of the annular water distribution pipe correspondingly connected with the water supply pipe, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the water supply pipes is equal to the sectional area of the central vertical shaft.
9. The cooling tower water distribution system according to claim 7, wherein the water distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of first water distribution pipes distributed in an annular array around the central shaft, and one end of the first water distribution pipe is connected with the central shaft;
the water distribution pipes are arc-shaped water distribution pipes, and a plurality of arc-shaped water distribution pipes are arranged along the central axis direction of the first water distribution pipe;
each first water distribution pipe is connected with an arc-shaped water distribution pipe arranged along the central axis direction of the first water distribution pipe through a second water distribution pipe, and the second water distribution pipes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped water distribution pipes;
the pipe diameters of the second water distribution pipes are equal to those of the arc-shaped water distribution pipes correspondingly connected with the second water distribution pipes, the sum of the sectional areas of all the second water distribution pipes is equal to that of the first water distribution pipes, and the sum of the sectional areas of all the first water distribution pipes is equal to that of the central vertical shaft;
and each second water distribution pipe is provided with one regulating valve.
10. A cooling tower water distribution system according to claim 6, further comprising a filler layer, a temperature sensing device, a sump, a treatment center,
the cooling area is arranged on the packing layer, and the temperature detection device is arranged at the bottom of the packing layer;
the temperature detection device is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module;
the processing center is electrically connected with the cooling liquid temperature real-time monitoring module and the water distribution device adjusting module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310217131.4A CN116294680A (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Cooling tower water distribution method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310217131.4A CN116294680A (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Cooling tower water distribution method and system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116294680A true CN116294680A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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ID=86784618
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310217131.4A Pending CN116294680A (en) | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-02 | Cooling tower water distribution method and system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116294680A (en) |
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- 2023-03-02 CN CN202310217131.4A patent/CN116294680A/en active Pending
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