CN219454640U

CN219454640U - Electric melting furnace for high-efficiency start-melting and expansion-melting red mud industrial solid waste production

Info

Publication number: CN219454640U
Application number: CN202320426271.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于成家; 方勇; 刘晓明
Original assignee: Jinyarun Environmental Protection Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinyarun Environmental Protection Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-09
Filing date: 2023-03-09
Publication date: 2023-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric melting furnace for producing red mud industrial solid waste with high efficiency in starting melting and expanding melting, which belongs to the field of red mud processing, and comprises a furnace body, wherein a plurality of electrode rods are inserted in the middle of the upper end of the furnace body, the electrode rods are distributed along a circumferential array, coaxial guide sleeves are arranged at the upper ends of the electrode rods, a flange plate is hinged between the outer sides of the guide sleeves, a cantilever is welded in the middle of the upper surface of the flange plate, the cantilever is formed by welding a transverse rod and a vertical rod which are distributed in an L shape in an end-to-end manner, a winding and unwinding mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the transverse rod, a lifting mechanism is arranged at one end of the transverse rod far away from the flange plate, and a steel cable is welded at the position of the outer side of the guide sleeve above the flange plate.

Description

Electric melting furnace for high-efficiency start-melting and expansion-melting red mud industrial solid waste production

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of red mud processing, in particular to an electric melting furnace for producing solid waste in red mud industry, which is capable of efficiently starting melting and expanding melting.

Background

The red mud is solid waste slag generated in the alumina production process, and due to the process reasons, the total amount of the red mud is large (hundreds of millions of tons are generated in China at present and accumulated for more than 13 hundred million tons) and during recycling, the electric smelting furnace is usually used for smelting, namely an electric arc furnace, and the existing electric smelting furnace is divided into a direct heating type electric smelting furnace, an indirect heating type electric smelting furnace and an ore heating type electric smelting furnace, wherein the indirect heating type electric smelting furnace has large noise and poor smelting quality and is gradually replaced, the direct heating type electric smelting furnace is characterized in that an electrode rod is inserted into a furnace body, the lower end of the electrode rod is buried in the solid waste slag, an electric arc is generated between the electrode rod and the red mud waste slag after the electric smelting furnace is electrified, and heat is generated when electric current passes through furnace burden, so that a high-temperature environment is formed, and smelting is carried out;

the patent search finds that China patent with publication number of CN210292863U discloses a balanced electrode circular arc furnace, which comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover arranged at the top of the furnace body, wherein electrodes penetrating through the furnace cover and extending into the furnace body are arranged on the furnace cover, each electrode comprises a first group of three-phase electrodes and a second group of three-phase electrodes which are respectively arranged in an equilateral triangle, and each group of three-phase electrodes comprises three polar posts; the three poles of the second group of three-phase electrodes are respectively arranged at the middle positions of two adjacent poles of the first group of three-phase electrodes, and the three electrodes positioned on the same straight line are different in phase, although four electrode circles are formed among the poles in total, the area of each electrode circle is the same as that of one three-phase electrode in the prior art, the poles of the two groups of three-phase electrodes cooperate with each other, the yield of the electric arc furnace is improved by four times as much as the prior art under the condition that only one group of three-phase electrodes is added, and the cost of unit yield is reduced while the yield is greatly improved;

however, the problem that in the process of smelting red mud waste residues in an existing electric melting furnace, a plurality of polar posts are inserted into a furnace body to form electrode circular heating areas when the electric melting furnace is electrified, and when mixed materials are buried into the lower ends of the polar posts, the space is smaller, overlapping parts appear in the heating areas, the area of the heating areas covering the inside of the furnace body is small, and the red mud waste residues at the edge in the electric melting furnace are heated less and are started and melted slowly is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an electric melting furnace for producing solid waste in red mud industry, which can be used for efficiently starting melting and expanding melting, can reduce overlapping parts of heating areas, is convenient for the heating areas to radiate more red mud waste residues, and is beneficial to efficiently starting melting and expanding melting of the red mud waste residues positioned at the edge in the electric melting furnace.

2. Technical proposal

In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides a high-efficient open and melt and expand red mud industry solid useless production and use electric smelting furnace, includes the furnace body, peg graft in the middle of furnace body upper end has a plurality of electrode bars, a plurality of electrode bars distribute along circumference array, the upper end of electrode bar all is equipped with coaxial guide pin bushing, a plurality of articulated between the outside of guide pin bushing has the ring flange, the middle welding of ring flange upper surface has the cantilever, the cantilever is formed by the horizontal pole and the montant end-to-end welding that are "L" shape and distribute, the upper surface of horizontal pole is provided with a book and puts the mechanism, the one end that the ring flange was kept away from to the horizontal pole is provided with elevating system, the position welding that the ring flange outside is located to the guide pin bushing has the cable wire, the one end of cable wire runs through in the montant and is connected in a book and puts the mechanism.

Furthermore, the inner side of the guide sleeve is adhered with an annular lining, and two ends of the lining extend out of the guide sleeve and are provided with clamps.

Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a flange seat fixedly mounted at one end of the cross rod, the flange seat is in a concave shape with an upward opening, and a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the flange seat.

Further, the middle of montant upper end has offered the wire groove along the axial, the inboard of wire groove is along circumference array distribution has a plurality of through-holes, through-hole and wire groove are all run through by the cable wire.

Further, the winding and unwinding mechanism comprises a winch fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the cross rod, the output end of the winch is connected to one end of the steel cable, and a guide wheel for guiding the steel cable is rotatably arranged on the upper wall of the through hole.

Furthermore, a gap is reserved between the clamp and the steel cable, and the flange seat is staggered from the furnace body along the vertical direction.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

(1) When smelting red mud waste residue, the steel cable is pulled by the winding and unwinding mechanism, the upper end of the guide sleeve is pulled, the electrode rods are driven to rotate around the hinging point of the electrode rods and the flange plate 4, so that the electrode rods are vertically inserted into the furnace body until the flange plate just hovers in the furnace body, the steel cable is further pulled, the upper ends of the electrode rods are pulled to be close to each other, the lower ends of the electrode rods are separated, then sufficient red mud waste residue is added into the furnace body along the feeding pipe, the lower ends of the electrode rods are buried, the electrode rods are electrified, a plurality of heating areas are formed, overlapping parts of the heating areas can be reduced, the heating areas are convenient for radiating more red mud waste residue, and efficient start and expansion of the red mud waste residue at the edge in the electric melting furnace are facilitated.

(2) When adjusting the electrode rod, the hoist engine goes up and down along with the cantilever under the drive of elevating system, starts the hoist engine, and the rolling cable wire can drive the upper end of a plurality of electrode rods and be close to each other, otherwise, unreels the cable wire, because the focus of a plurality of electrode rods is all less than the ring flange, can make the upper end of a plurality of electrode rods keep away from each other, can adjust the angle when the electrode rod goes up and down, and the coiling volume of control cable wire, can freely adjust the interval that a plurality of electrode rods formed the zone of heating.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2A according to the present utility model;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 2B according to the present utility model.

The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:

1. a furnace body; 2. an electrode rod; 3. guide sleeve; 4. a flange plate; 5. a cantilever; 6. a wire rope; 7. a lining; 8. a clamp; 9. a flange seat; 10. a hydraulic cylinder; 11. wire releasing grooves; 12. a through hole; 13. a hoist; 14. and a guide wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Examples:

referring to fig. 1-4, an electric melting furnace for high-efficiency melting start and expansion red mud industrial solid waste production is provided with a feeding pipe and a discharging hole respectively, the technical scheme is that in the prior art, the electric melting furnace is not shown in the drawing, the electric melting furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a plurality of electrode rods 2 are inserted in the middle of the upper end of the furnace body 1, the electrode rods 2 are distributed along a circumferential array, coaxial guide sleeves 3 are assembled at the upper ends of the electrode rods 2, a flange plate 4 is hinged between the outer sides of the guide sleeves 3, a cantilever 5 is welded in the middle of the upper surface of the flange plate 4, the cantilever 5 is formed by welding a transverse rod and a vertical rod which are distributed in an L shape in an end-to-end mode, a winding and unwinding mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the transverse rod, a lifting mechanism is arranged at one end of the transverse rod, far from the flange plate 4, a steel cable 6 is welded at the position, above the flange plate 4, of the outer side of the guide sleeve 3, the flange plate 4, the cantilever 5 and the steel cable 6 are all made of high-temperature-resistant chromium-nickel alloy, one end of a steel cable 6 penetrates through a vertical rod and is connected with a winding and unwinding mechanism, a lifting mechanism is started to drive a flange plate 4 to be close to a furnace body 1, when red mud waste slag is smelted, the winding and unwinding mechanism pulls the steel cable 6, pulls the upper end of a guide sleeve 3 to drive an electrode rod 2 to rotate around a hinging point of the electrode rod 2 and the flange plate 4, enables a plurality of electrode rods 2 to be vertical and inserted into the furnace body 1 until the flange plate 4 just hovers in the furnace body 1, further pulls the steel cable 6 to pull the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 to be close to each other, and the lower ends of the electrode rods 2 are separated, then enough red mud waste slag is added into the furnace body 1 along a feeding pipe, the lower ends of the electrode rods 2 are buried, the electrode rods 2 are electrified to form a plurality of heating areas, the overlapping part of the heating areas can be reduced, more red mud waste slag is conveniently radiated by the heating areas, is beneficial to the efficient start and expansion of the red mud waste residues positioned at the edge in the electric melting furnace.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an annular inner liner 7 is adhered to the inner side of the guide sleeve 3, the inner liner 7 is made of silica gel, the inner liner is hardened and firm in a high-temperature environment, two ends of the inner liner 7 extend out of the guide sleeve 3 and are provided with hoops 8, gaps are reserved between the hoops 8 and the steel ropes 6, friction of the steel ropes 6 is prevented, gaps between the guide sleeve 3 and the electrode rod 2 are filled through the inner liner 7, friction can be enhanced, limiting is performed by the hoops 8, and the firmness of the electrode rod 2 during suspension is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lifting mechanism comprises a flange seat 9 fixedly installed at one end of a cross rod, the flange seat 9 staggers the furnace body 1 along the vertical direction, the furnace body 1 is prevented from being bumped when descending, the flange seat 9 is in a concave shape with an upward opening, a hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the flange seat 9, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is arranged on the ground along the vertical direction, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixed by a base, when the electrode rod 2 is inserted, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is started, the flange seat 9 and the cantilever 5 are driven to descend, the electrode rod 2 can be lowered, and conversely, the flange seat 9 and the cantilever 5 are pushed to ascend, and the electrode rod 2 can be lifted.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a wire-releasing groove 11 is axially formed in the middle of the upper end of the vertical rod, a plurality of through holes 12 are distributed in the inner side of the wire-releasing groove 11 along a circumferential array, the through holes 12 and the wire-releasing groove 11 are penetrated by the steel cable 6, the steel cable 6 is stored by the wire-releasing groove 11 and the through holes 12, the moving path of the steel cable 6 can be limited, the electrode rod 2 is avoided, and interference of the electrode rod 2 is prevented.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the winding and unwinding mechanism includes a winding machine 13 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cross bar, the output end of the winding machine 13 is connected to one end of the steel cable 6, the upper wall of the through hole 12 is rotatably provided with a guide wheel 14 for guiding the steel cable 6, the guide wheel 14 is made of high temperature resistant nichrome alloy, and can resist the high temperature environment when the red mud waste slag is smelted, when the electrode rod 2 is regulated, the winding machine 13 is lifted along with the cantilever 5 under the driving of the lifting mechanism, the winding machine 13 is started, the steel cable 6 is wound, the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 can be driven to be close to each other, otherwise, the steel cable 6 is unwound, as the gravity centers of the electrode rods 2 are lower than the flange 4, the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 can be separated from each other, the angle can be regulated while the electrode rods 2 are lifted, the winding amount of the steel cable 6 is controlled, and the interval between the electrode rods 2 forming a heating zone can be freely regulated.

Working principle: when the red mud smelting furnace works, the lifting mechanism is started to drive the flange plate 4 to be close to the furnace body 1, when red mud waste residues are smelted, the winch 13 is driven by the lifting mechanism to lift along with the cantilever 5, the winding and unwinding mechanism pulls the steel cable 6, the upper end of the guide sleeve 3 is pulled, the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 can be driven to be close to each other, the electrode rods 2 are driven to rotate around the hinging point of the electrode rods 2 and the flange plate 4, the electrode rods 2 are enabled to be vertical and inserted into the furnace body 1 until the flange plate 4 just hovers in the furnace body 1, the steel cable 6 is further pulled, the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 are pulled to be close to each other, the lower ends of the electrode rods 2 are separated, then enough red mud waste residues are added into the furnace body 1 along the feeding pipe, the lower ends of the electrode rods 2 are buried, the electrode rods 2 are electrified to form a plurality of heating areas, overlapping parts of the heating areas can be reduced, more red mud waste residues are conveniently radiated by the heating areas, and efficient smelting and expanding of the red mud waste residues at the edges in the electric smelting furnace are facilitated.

Finally, smelting is stopped, a winch 13 is started to unwind the steel cable 6, and as the centers of gravity of the electrode rods 2 are lower than the flange plate 4, the upper ends of the electrode rods 2 can be mutually far away, the angle can be adjusted while the electrode rods 2 are lifted, the winding quantity of the steel cable 6 is controlled, the distance between the electrode rods 2 forming a heating zone can be freely adjusted, the electrode rods 2 are stopped to be heated, and the electrode rods are driven by a lifting mechanism to vertically leave the furnace body 1.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model; the scope of the utility model is not limited in this respect. Any person skilled in the art, within the technical scope of the present disclosure, may apply to the present utility model, and the technical solution and the improvement thereof are all covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient open melts and expands red mud industry solid waste production of melting and uses electric smelting furnace, includes furnace body (1), its characterized in that: the middle of furnace body (1) upper end is pegged graft and is had a plurality of electrode bars (2), and is a plurality of electrode bars (2) are distributed along circumference array, the upper end of electrode bar (2) all is equipped with coaxial guide pin bushing (3), a plurality of articulated ring flange (4) between the outside of guide pin bushing (3), the centre welding of ring flange (4) upper surface has cantilever (5), cantilever (5) are by horizontal pole and montant head and the tail welding that are "L" shape and distribute, the upper surface of horizontal pole is provided with and rolls up and unreels the mechanism, the one end that the ring flange (4) was kept away from to the horizontal pole is provided with elevating system, the position welding that is located ring flange (4) top in the outside of guide pin bushing (3) has cable wire (6), the one end of cable wire (6) runs through in the montant and is connected in rolls up and unreels the mechanism.

2. The electric melting furnace for producing the red mud industrial solid waste with high-efficiency melting start and expansion according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inner side of the guide sleeve (3) is adhered with an annular lining (7), and two ends of the lining (7) extend out of the guide sleeve (3) and are provided with a clamp (8).

3. The electric melting furnace for producing the red mud industrial solid waste with high-efficiency melting start and expansion according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the lifting mechanism comprises a flange seat (9) fixedly mounted at one end of the cross rod, the structure of the flange seat (9) is concave with an upward opening, and a hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the flange seat (9).

4. The electric melting furnace for producing the red mud industrial solid waste with high-efficiency melting start and expansion according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the middle of the upper end of the vertical rod is provided with a wire releasing groove (11) along the axial direction, a plurality of through holes (12) are distributed on the inner side of the wire releasing groove (11) along the circumferential array, and the through holes (12) and the wire releasing groove (11) are penetrated by the steel cable (6).

5. The electric melting furnace for producing the red mud industrial solid waste with high-efficiency melting start and expansion according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the winding and unwinding mechanism comprises a winding engine (13) fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the cross rod, the output end of the winding engine (13) is connected to one end of the steel cable (6), and a guide wheel (14) for guiding the steel cable (6) is rotatably arranged on the upper wall of the through hole (12).

6. The electric melting furnace for producing the red mud industrial solid waste with high-efficiency melting start and expansion according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: a gap is reserved between the clamp (8) and the steel cable (6), and the flange seat (9) is staggered from the furnace body (1) along the vertical direction.