CN219435066U - Three-stage blockage monitoring device for double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor - Google Patents
Three-stage blockage monitoring device for double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN219435066U CN219435066U CN202320802947.9U CN202320802947U CN219435066U CN 219435066 U CN219435066 U CN 219435066U CN 202320802947 U CN202320802947 U CN 202320802947U CN 219435066 U CN219435066 U CN 219435066U
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The utility model provides a three-level blockage monitoring device for a double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor, which sequentially comprises a water receiver, a water injection funnel, an upper tipping bucket, a water collection funnel, a metering tipping bucket and a counting tipping bucket, wherein the water receiver, the water injection funnel, the upper tipping bucket, the water collection funnel, the metering tipping bucket and the counting tipping bucket are made of metals from top to bottom; the tertiary jam monitoring device includes: the insulating piece is arranged at the water outlet at the lower end of the water receiver, and a drain hole is formed in the insulating piece in a penetrating manner; the detection probe penetrates through the insulating piece from top to bottom, an insulating column covering the inner side end of the detection probe is arranged on the top surface of the insulating piece in a protruding mode, and the inner side end of the detection probe protrudes out of the insulating column; the first photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the upper tipping bucket and used for detecting the turnover times of the upper tipping bucket; and the second photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket and is used for detecting the turnover times of the counting tipping bucket. The utility model can monitor whether the upper water bearing device and the middle water collecting funnel are blocked.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of blockage detection, in particular to a three-level blockage monitoring device for a double-tipping-bucket rainfall sensor.
Background
When the tipping bucket type rain gauge measures precipitation, rainwater is vertically and downwards injected into the tipping bucket through the water injection funnel by the rain bearing opening assembly, when the water storage capacity in the tipping bucket reaches the critical water turning capacity, the tipping bucket instantly turns over, and a permanent magnet on the tipping bucket sweeps over the reed pipe, so that the reed pipe outputs an on-off switching value signal; then, the precipitation is discharged into another weighing hopper, when the water storage capacity in the hopper reaches the critical water turning capacity again, the tipping bucket turns over again, and the reed switch outputs an on-off switching value signal again. And by analogy, the rainfall is measured.
The standard of GB/T11832-2002 "skip type rain gauge" specifies the accuracy standard of the skip type rain gauge: when the rain intensity is in the range of (0.01-4) mm/min, the first-stage accuracy is that the relative error is less than or equal to +/-2 percent, and the second-stage accuracy is that: the relative error is less than or equal to +/-3 percent, and the three-level accuracy is less than or equal to +/-4 percent.
The tipping bucket type rain gauge has the advantages that: the structure is simple, the reliability is high, the cost is low, the output signal is an on-off switching value signal, an external power supply is not needed during working, and the use and maintenance are convenient. The tipping bucket type rain gauge has been invented for over one hundred years, and the tipping bucket type rain gauge is still the most adopted rain gauge in the world, and the equipment amount of the tipping bucket type rain gauge accounts for more than 95% of the total share of all rain gauges.
The tipping bucket type rain gauge has the following defects: compared with manual observation rain gauge, siphon rain gauge and float rain gauge, the measurement error is far greater than the rain gauge. The reason is closely related to the construction and the working principle of the self-body, namely, when the water storage capacity of the tipping bucket reaches the critical water turning capacity, the tipping bucket is at restThe device starts to turn over until the middle partition plate completely spans the precipitation switching time period delta t of the drainage water column and the leakage detection precipitation quantity P still exists x Falls into the main bucket, and when the tipping bucket turns over, the water storage capacity P ≡of the main bucket and the part of water P are stored x Pouring together into a drain funnel, P x Namely, the water loss generated by one-time overturning of the tipping bucket is also a main body of the metering error of the tipping bucket.
Tipping bucket overturning water loss P x Is proportional to the intensity of rain Q and the length of precipitation switching time Deltat, P x =q·Δt, where: q is rain intensity, unit is mm/min, deltat is precipitation switching time, unit is seconds. The expression of the dump body displacement P is: p=p ++P x ＝P□+Q·△t······(A)
The national standard also specifies: the skip type rain gauge calculates the measurement error of the rain gauge by the difference value between the drainage quantity and the theoretical value of the instrument. Practice shows that when the rain intensity is in the range of (0.01-4) mm/min, the water discharge amount of the 0.2mm tipping bucket is higher than that of the small rain by (7-8), and the water discharge amount of the 0.1mm tipping bucket is higher than that of the small rain by (14-15), so that the national standard requirement is far exceeded, and the root cause is water loss generated when the tipping bucket turns over.
In order to improve measurement errors, a double-tipping-bucket rain gauge is provided, wherein an upper tipping bucket and a small-caliber slow-release hopper are additionally arranged between a water injection hopper and a metering tipping bucket for smoothing rain intensity, the upper tipping bucket overturns when full of water, water is poured into the slow-release hopper, and then the water is injected into a metering hopper at a smoother flow rate.
In the prior art, the upper end of the tipping bucket type rain gauge is provided with a water receiver for receiving rainwater, the rainwater received by the water receiver is downwards discharged into a water injection funnel, and the water receiver is often blocked due to factors such as fallen leaves, small animal carcasses, dust accumulation and the like when in field use, so that the observation of precipitation is influenced; in order to improve the reliability, testability and maintainability of the automatic weather station, the stable operation of the automatic weather station is ensured, and a filter screen is added in the water receiver, but even if the filter screen is added, the water receiver can be blocked, especially for a double-tipping bucket type rain gauge, besides the water receiver can be blocked, the water collecting funnel between the internal tipping bucket and the metering tipping bucket is easy to be blocked, and how to automatically and effectively detect whether the water receiver or the water collecting funnel has a blocking fault or not is a current problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double-tipping-bucket rain sensor, which can be used for monitoring whether a water receiver at the upper end and a water collecting funnel at the middle stage are blocked.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor, which sequentially comprises a water receiver, a water injection funnel, an upper tipping bucket, a water collection funnel, a metering tipping bucket and a counting tipping bucket, wherein the water receiver, the water injection funnel, the upper tipping bucket, the water collection funnel, the metering tipping bucket and the counting tipping bucket are made of metal from top to bottom, and the three-stage blockage monitoring device comprises:
the insulating piece is arranged at the water outlet at the lower end of the water receiver, and a drain hole is formed in the insulating piece in a penetrating manner;
the detection probe penetrates through the insulating piece from top to bottom, an insulating column covering the inner side end of the detection probe is arranged on the top surface of the insulating piece in a protruding mode, and the inner side end of the detection probe protrudes out of the insulating column;
the first photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the upper tipping bucket and used for detecting the turnover times of the upper tipping bucket;
and the second photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket and is used for detecting the turnover times of the counting tipping bucket.
Further, the three-stage blockage monitoring device for the double-tipping bucket type rainfall sensor further comprises a copper sheet arranged between the insulating piece and the bottom of the water receiver, and a connecting column is arranged on the copper sheet.
Further, the copper sheet is sleeved on the periphery of the insulating piece, the insulating piece is connected with the water receiver in a threaded or sleeved mode, and the copper sheet is clamped between the insulating piece and the bottom of the water receiver.
Further, the three-stage blockage monitoring device for the double-tipping bucket type rainfall sensor further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the detection probe, the connecting column, the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor respectively.
Further, the controller is a single chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP or FPGA.
Further, the controller is arranged on one side of the water injection funnel through a bracket.
Further, the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor are both diffusion reflection type photoelectric switches.
Further, the double-tipping bucket type rainfall sensor further comprises two reed pipes arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket, and two permanent magnets which are matched with the reed pipes in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the side face of the counting tipping bucket.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
according to the utility model, through the cooperation of the insulation part and the detection probe which are added in the water bearing device and the water bearing device made of metal, after the detection probe and the water bearing device are communicated to the external controller, when the accumulated water in the water bearing device floods the exposed part of the inner side end of the detection probe, a loop is formed between the conductivity of the water passing through the detection probe and the water bearing device, the controller monitors whether the water bearing device is blocked or not according to the level change when the loop is conducted, and the problem that whether the water collecting funnel of the middle stage is blocked or not can be judged through the turnover frequency difference between the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor, so that the abnormal working state of the rain sensor can be rapidly and accurately judged through the up-down hierarchical monitoring, so that maintenance personnel can early treat the abnormality and ensure the accuracy of rain detection.
In addition, the insulating piece is connected with the water receiver in a threaded or sleeved mode, the copper sheet is clamped, the connection between the external controller and the water receiver is realized by utilizing the connecting column on the copper sheet, the assembly and connection mode are convenient, the structure of the water receiver in the original double-tipping bucket type rainfall sensor does not need to be changed, and punching is not needed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage occlusion monitoring device for a dual skip rain sensor in an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water carrier in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor belongs to the existing conventional design, and sequentially comprises a water receiver 1, a water injection funnel 8, an upper tipping bucket 2, a water collection funnel 3, a metering tipping bucket 4 and a counting tipping bucket 5 which are made of metal from top to bottom, wherein the upper tipping bucket 2, the metering tipping bucket 4 and the counting tipping bucket 5 are of double-bucket structures which are designed in bilateral symmetry, and can rotate around the middle of the double-bucket structures, so that any bucket in the double-bucket structures can be positioned below a water outlet to receive water; two reed pipes 7 are arranged on one sides of two hoppers of the counting tipping bucket 5, and two permanent magnets 51 which are matched with the reed pipes 7 in a one-to-one correspondence manner are arranged on the side face of the counting tipping bucket 5, so that the counting of the turnover times of the counting tipping bucket 5 and the detection of rain are realized.
Taking the example shown in fig. 1, the water receiver 1 is used for receiving rainwater, the rainwater flows downwards into the water injection funnel 8 through the water outlet in the middle of the lower end of the water receiver, then is discharged into the right bucket of the upper tipping bucket 2 through the water injection funnel 8, when the accumulated water quantity of the right bucket in the upper tipping bucket 2 reaches a certain height (such as 0.01 millimeter), the upper tipping bucket is out of balance and overturned under the influence of weight, the right bucket is poured downwards to discharge the water in the bucket into the water collection funnel 3 through the corresponding separating funnel 6, at the moment, the left bucket in the upper tipping bucket 2 receives the water discharged downwards in the water injection funnel, preparation is made for the next overturning of the upper tipping bucket, the water entering the water collection funnel 3 is discharged downwards into the right bucket of the metering tipping bucket 4 for metering the water quantity, when the accumulated water amount of the right bucket in the metering tipping bucket 4 reaches a certain height (for example, 0.01 millimeter), the metering tipping bucket is in balance and overturns under the influence of weight, the right bucket is downwards dumped to count the water in the bucket through the corresponding counting tipping bucket 5 and downwards discharge the water, at the moment, the left bucket in the metering tipping bucket 4 receives the water downwards discharged in the water collecting hopper 3 to prepare for the next overturning of the metering tipping bucket, the counting tipping bucket is overturned once when the metering is overturned once, and each overturning time of the counting tipping bucket causes one permanent magnet 51 to sweep the corresponding reed switch 7, so that the reed switch outputs an on-off switch signal, and the counting of the overturning times and the rainfall detection are carried out.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double-skip rain sensor in the present embodiment includes an insulating member 10, a detection probe 11, a first photoelectric sensor 12, a second photoelectric sensor 13 and a controller 15, wherein the insulating member 10 is disposed at a lower end drain port of a water receiver 1 and seals the drain port, and a drain hole 14 is formed through the insulating member 10 for allowing rainwater entering the water receiver 1 to drain down into a water injection funnel 8 through the drain hole 14; the detection probe 11 is vertically arranged on the insulating member 10 in a penetrating way, the insulation property of the insulating member 10 is utilized to mutually insulate and isolate the detection probe 11 and the water bearing device 1, the top surface of the insulating member 10 is provided with an insulation column 101 which covers the inner side end of the detection probe 11 in a protruding way, the inner side end of the detection probe 11 protrudes out of the insulation column 101, the inner side exposed part of the detection probe 11 is higher than the top surface of the insulating member 10 by utilizing the insulation column 101, when no water is accumulated in the water bearing device 1, rainwater can not submerge the detection probe 11, when water accumulation is generated in the water bearing device 1 and the water accumulation is submerge the inner side exposed part of the detection probe 11, the detection probe 11 and the water bearing device 1 can be conducted by utilizing the conductivity of the water accumulation, according to the conduction principle, the water bearing device 1 and the detection probe 11 can be respectively connected to an external controller 15 through wires, a voltage of 3.3V is applied to the detection probe 11 by utilizing the controller 15, thus a conduction loop for detecting the water accumulation when the water accumulation submerges the detection probe 11, the level signal when the loop is monitored, and the continuous conduction time of the loop can be monitored; the first photoelectric sensor 12 is arranged on one side of the upper tipping bucket 2 and used for detecting the turnover times of the upper tipping bucket 2, the second photoelectric sensor 13 is arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket 5 and used for detecting the turnover times of the counting tipping bucket 5, the first photoelectric sensor 12 and the second photoelectric sensor 13 are respectively connected with the controller 15 through wires, when a loop is conducted between the detection probe 11 and the water bearing device 1 due to accumulated water and a level signal is monitored, the first photoelectric sensor 12 and the second photoelectric sensor 13 are controlled to start counting, and when the duration of the conduction of the loop for detecting the accumulated water reaches a preset time, and the first photoelectric sensor 12 and the second photoelectric sensor 13 detect that the upper tipping bucket 2 and the counting tipping bucket 5 do not have the turnover times, the problem of blockage abnormality of the water bearing device can be judged; in actual use, the preset time is generally set to 1 minute, and may also be set according to the actual use environment.
In addition, whether the turnover frequency difference between the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor reaches a preset value or not can be judged, whether the water collecting funnel of the middle stage is blocked or not is judged, so that the abnormal working state of the rainfall sensor can be rapidly and accurately judged through up-and-down hierarchical monitoring, maintenance personnel can process the abnormality as early as possible, and the accuracy of rainfall detection is ensured.
Preferably, a mesh cover 18 covering the outer parts of the detection probe 11 and the drain hole 14 is provided at the upper end of the insulator 10, so as to prevent some large impurities from entering the hopper below.
Preferably, in order to realize connection between the water bearing device 1 and the controller 15, the three-stage blockage monitoring device further comprises a copper sheet 16 arranged between the insulating member 10 and the bottom of the water bearing device 1, the copper sheet 16 is directly contacted with the water bearing device 1, the copper sheet 16 is provided with a connecting column 161, the connecting column 161 is used for facilitating connection of a wire, and after the connecting column 161 is connected with the controller 15 through the wire, communication between the water bearing device 1 and the controller 15 can be realized.
Preferably, the copper sheet 16 is sleeved on the periphery of the insulating piece 10, the insulating piece 10 is in threaded connection or sleeved connection with the water receiver 1, and the copper sheet 16 is clamped between the insulating piece 10 and the bottom of the water receiver 1, namely, when in assembly, the copper sheet is sleeved on the insulating piece 10, and then the insulating piece 10 is arranged at a water outlet of the water receiver and clamps the copper sheet 16, so that the contact between the copper sheet and the bottom of the water receiver 1 is good and reliable.
In one embodiment, the controller 15 is a single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP, FPGA or other microprocessor; wherein, the singlechip is preferably GD32F303 series singlechip.
In an embodiment, the controller 15 is arranged at one side of the water filling funnel 8 through the bracket 17, and the height of the controller 15 is higher than the height of the water outlet of the water filling funnel 8, so that the problem of damage caused by splashing of rainwater is avoided; in an actual use, the bracket 17 is arranged on one side of the water injection funnel 8 and the upper tipping bucket 2, and the controller 15 is arranged on the other side of the bracket 17, so that rainwater can be isolated from the controller through the bracket, and the waterproof effect is improved.
In an embodiment, the first photoelectric sensor 12 and the second photoelectric sensor 13 are respectively positioned at the rear side or the front side of the left end of the upper tipping bucket 2 and the counting tipping bucket 5, the first photoelectric sensor 12 and the second photoelectric sensor 13 are respectively diffusion reflection type photoelectric switches, when the diffusion reflection type photoelectric switches detect, when a detected object passes through, light is blocked, part of the light is reflected back, the light receiver receives a light signal, and a level signal is output; therefore, in the overturning process of the upper tipping bucket 2 and the counting tipping bucket 5, the tipping bucket can change back and forth between shielding and keeping away from the photoelectric sensor, the level signal output by the photoelectric sensor can switch back and forth between the existence and non-existence, the level signal is counted once every time when changing between the existence and non-existence, namely, the tipping bucket is counted once when shielding the photoelectric relay to generate the level signal, and the tipping bucket is overturned away from and does not shield the photoelectric relay to count once again when the level signal disappears.
In one practical use, the blockage monitoring principle of the water collection funnel is as follows: because the upper tipping bucket 2 and the metering tipping bucket 4 use the same tipping bucket, the turnover times of the upper tipping bucket 2 and the turnover times of the metering tipping bucket 4 in each minute can be considered to be basically the same in the use process, and the turnover times of the metering tipping bucket 4 and the counting tipping bucket 5 in each minute are basically the same from the structural design of the existing double tipping bucket type rainfall sensor; when the water collection funnel 3 is jammed and other abnormal problems occur, the number of times of turnover per minute of the lower counting tipping bucket 5 is inevitably different from the number of times of turnover per minute of the upper tipping bucket 2, the lower counting tipping bucket 5 is turned over when the water collection funnel 3 is not jammed, and the number of times of turnover is only obviously less than the number of times of turnover of the upper tipping bucket, so that when the current minute is detected, the difference between the number of times of turnover of the upper tipping bucket 2 and the minute accumulated value of the number of times of turnover of the counting tipping bucket 5 reaches more than a preset value (including the preset value), or the turnover count of the upper tipping bucket 2 lasting 2 minutes is detected, but when the number of times of turnover of the counting tipping bucket 5 is not counted, the water collection funnel 3 is judged to be abnormal and the problem of jam exists; in actual use, the preset value is generally set to 20% (inclusive), and may be set according to the actual use environment.
The second sensor can also be used for monitoring whether the reed switch 7 is damaged or not, comparing the count of the second photoelectric sensor to the count of the overturning times of the tipping bucket and the count of the reed switch to the count of the overturning times of the tipping bucket within 2 minutes, and if the counts are inconsistent, the abnormal problem of the damage of the reed switch 7 can exist.
In other embodiments, the water injection hopper, the upper dump hopper, the water collection hopper, the metering dump hopper, and the counting dump hopper are all made of an insulating material, such as plastic.
While the utility model has been described with reference to certain embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model; therefore, the protection scope of the utility model is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A tertiary jam monitoring devices for two tipping bucket formula rainfall sensor, two tipping bucket formula rainfall sensor from top to bottom includes water receiver, water injection funnel, last tipping bucket, water collection funnel, measurement tipping bucket and the count tipping bucket that the metal was made in proper order, its characterized in that, tertiary jam monitoring devices includes:
the insulating piece is arranged at the water outlet at the lower end of the water receiver, and a drain hole is formed in the insulating piece in a penetrating manner;
the detection probe penetrates through the insulating piece from top to bottom, an insulating column covering the inner side end of the detection probe is arranged on the top surface of the insulating piece in a protruding mode, and the inner side end of the detection probe protrudes out of the insulating column;
the first photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the upper tipping bucket and used for detecting the turnover times of the upper tipping bucket;
and the second photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket and is used for detecting the turnover times of the counting tipping bucket.
2. The three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double skip type rainfall sensor according to claim 1 is characterized by further comprising a copper sheet arranged between the insulating piece and the bottom of the water receiver, and a connecting column is arranged on the copper sheet.
3. The three-stage blockage monitoring device for the double-tipping-bucket rain sensor according to claim 2, wherein the copper sheet is sleeved on the periphery of the insulating piece, is in threaded connection or sleeved connection with the water receiver, and is clamped between the insulating piece and the bottom of the water receiver.
4. A three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double skip rainfall sensor according to claim 3, further comprising a controller electrically connected with the detection probe, the connection post, the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor, respectively.
5. The three-stage blockage monitoring device for the double-tipping-bucket rain sensor of claim 4, wherein the controller is a single-chip microcomputer, an ARM, a DSP or an FPGA.
6. The three-stage blockage monitoring device for a double skip type rainfall sensor of claim 5, wherein the controller is arranged on one side of the water injection funnel through a bracket.
7. Three-stage blockage monitoring unit for double skip rainfall sensor according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the first and second photo-sensor are both diffuse reflection photo-electric switches.
8. The three-stage blockage monitoring device for the double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor according to claim 1, wherein the double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor further comprises two reed pipes arranged on one side of the counting tipping bucket, and two permanent magnets which are in one-to-one correspondence with the reed pipes are arranged on the side face of the counting tipping bucket.
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| CN202320802947.9U CN219435066U (en) | 2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | Three-stage blockage monitoring device for double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor |
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| CN202320802947.9U CN219435066U (en) | 2023-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | Three-stage blockage monitoring device for double-tipping-bucket type rainfall sensor |
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