CN219419105U - Cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN219419105U CN219419105U CN202320535414.9U CN202320535414U CN219419105U CN 219419105 U CN219419105 U CN 219419105U CN 202320535414 U CN202320535414 U CN 202320535414U CN 219419105 U CN219419105 U CN 219419105U
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- oxide fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, which comprises a box body, wherein a plurality of vertically installed tubular solid oxide fuel cell units which are arranged in a matrix are arranged in the box body, and each tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit comprises a porous anode supporting tube, an anode reaction layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode reaction layer from inside to outside; the central cavity of the porous anode support tube forms an anode gas channel along the vertical direction, and the top of the anode gas channel is communicated with a fuel tank at the top of the box body; a cathode gas channel is formed between the cathode reaction layer and the box body along the transverse direction, and a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body. The anode and the cathode of the cell stack adopt a cross flow mode to introduce fuel and air, which is beneficial to increasing the reaction contact time and the reaction rate, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack.
Background
A solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC for short) belongs to a third generation fuel cell, is a device capable of directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, and mainly comprises a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte and a connector which are connected in series to form a rated power generation electric pile.
SOFCs have the following advantages: higher power density, greater energy output at the same volume/weight; the SOFC has no noise, only chemical reaction occurs when in operation, no moving structure exists, and the main emission is water to realize zero pollution; the battery pack can be modularized, and a plurality of single cells can be assembled into the battery pack in series, parallel and the like so as to adapt to application requirements of different scenes; the available fuel has various types and is easy to obtain, and hydrogen, hydrocarbon, methanol and the like can be directly used as fuel without using noble metal as a catalyst; and the structure is in an all-solid state structure, and the risk of leakage of pollutants is avoided. The advantages make it have wide application prospect in the energy supply field. At present, the SOFC mainly adopts flat plate type, tubular type, cone tubular type, corrugated type, honeycomb type and other structures, wherein the SOFC of the tubular structure has good tightness and wider application, but the traditional tubular structure usually adopts a unidirectional runner to ensure that the airflow can not completely cover the cathode reaction layer of the SOFC, the volume of the gas participating in the reaction is low, the fuel utilization rate is low, and therefore, the power generation efficiency is low, and the development of the SOFC is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, wherein fuel and air are introduced into an anode and a cathode of the cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack in a cross flow mode, so that the reaction contact time is increased, the reaction rate is increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
the cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack comprises a box body, wherein a plurality of vertically installed tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are arranged in the box body, and each tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit comprises a porous anode supporting tube, an anode reaction layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode reaction layer from inside to outside;
the central cavity of the porous anode support tube forms an anode gas channel along the vertical direction, and the top of the anode gas channel is communicated with a fuel tank at the top of the box body;
a cathode gas channel is formed between the cathode reaction layer and the box body along the transverse direction, and a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body.
Further, 1-5 layers of partition plates are arranged in the box body, a plurality of holes are formed in the partition plates, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are inserted into the holes of the partition plates, and gaps are formed between the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units and the holes of the partition plates.
Further, a plurality of layers of cathode gas channels are formed among the cathode reaction layer, the box body and the partition plate, and the left end and the right end of each layer of cathode gas channel are provided with a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet.
Further, the cathode gas inlet is in a tapered tubular shape gradually expanding towards the inner side of the box body, and the cathode gas outlet is in a tapered tubular shape gradually shrinking towards the outer side of the box body.
Further, the bottom of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit is provided with an exhaust hole.
Further, the box body comprises a top plate, a middle shell and a bottom plate, wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively and fixedly arranged at the top and the bottom of the middle shell, the top plate, the bottom plate and the middle shell are in sealing connection, and the top plate, the middle shell and the bottom plate of the box body are made of or are coated by heat insulation materials;
the height of the middle shell is 1/2 of the power generated by the solid oxide fuel cell stack;
the width of the middle shell is equal to the height of the middle shell;
the length of the middle shell is 2 times of the width of the middle shell;
the thickness of the middle shell is 25-50 mm, and the thicknesses of the top plate and the bottom plate are 25-50 mm.
Further, the thickness of the separator is 15-30 mm.
Further, the porous anode support tube is made of breathable heat-resistant materials, the length of the porous anode support tube is equal to the height of the middle shell, the inner diameter of the porous anode support tube is 20-80 mm, and the tube wall thickness is 2-5 mm.
In the technical scheme, the inner diameter of the porous anode support pipe is determined according to the rated power of the electric pile, specifically, for kilowatt-level electric pile, the inner diameter of the porous anode support pipe is set to be 20-30 mm; for a hundred kilowatt-level electric pile, setting the inner diameter of a porous anode support pipe to be 30-60 mm; for megawatt level galvanic pile, the inner diameter of the porous anode support pipe is set to be 60-80 mm.
Further, a plurality of tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are arranged in a matrix to form a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix, and the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is positioned in the middle of the box body; the ratio of the longitudinal length to the transverse width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 1-1.5:1, the ratio of the longitudinal length to the cathode gas channel length of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 1.5-2:3, and the ratio of the transverse width to the cathode gas channel width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 3-4:5. The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
(1) According to the cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the anode gas channel is vertical to the cathode gas channel, so that the anode and the cathode adopt a cross flow mode to introduce fuel and air, the reaction contact time of the anode and the cathode is increased, the reaction rate is increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved;
(2) The utility model provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, wherein an air inlet of a cathode gas channel is in a conical tubular shape which gradually expands towards the inner side of a box body, an air outlet is in a conical tubular shape which gradually reduces towards the outer side of the box body, cathode gas is in a transverse diffusion flow, and the gas entering from the air inlet of the cathode gas is utilized to be preheated gradually before reaction, so that cold and hot impact is avoided, the influence of excessive temperature difference on the temperature uniformity and the service life of a cell is prevented, the internal short circuit of the cell is also avoided, and the reliability of the cell is improved;
(3) The utility model provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, wherein all layers of cathode gas channels are communicated through gaps between tubular solid oxide fuel cell units and holes of a separator, so that cathode gas can circulate among all layers of cathode gas channels through the gaps, and the gas distribution balance and the temperature balance among all layers of cathode gas channels are utilized.
Drawings
In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cross-flow box solid oxide fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a cross-flow box solid oxide fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cross-flow box solid oxide fuel cell stack of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit.
The drawing is marked: 1. a case; 101. a top plate; 102. a middle shell; 103. a bottom plate; 2. a partition plate; 3. a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit; 301. a porous anode support tube; 302. an anode reaction layer; 303. an electrolyte layer; 304. a cathode reaction layer; 4. an anode gas passage; 5. a fuel tank; 6. a cathode gas passage; 601. a cathode gas inlet; 602. a cathode gas outlet; 7. a drainage base; 701. and an exhaust hole.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, which is further described in detail below for the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the utility model to be clearer and more definite. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, which comprises a box 1, wherein the box 1 comprises a top plate 101, a middle shell 102 and a bottom plate 103, and the top plate 101, the middle shell 102 and the bottom plate 103 are made of or covered by heat insulation materials; the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 103 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the top and the bottom of the middle shell 102, and the top plate 101, the bottom plate 103 and the middle shell 102 are in sealing connection.
In the case 1, the height of the middle shell is determined according to the rated power P of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, and the height of the middle shell 102 is 1/2 of the rated power P of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, where the unit of the height of the middle shell is mm, and the unit of the rated power P is W.
In the embodiment, the rated power generation power of the fuel cell stack is 1kW, and the height of the middle shell is 500mm; the width of the middle shell is equal to the height of the middle shell and is 500mm; the length of the middle shell is 2 times of the width of the middle shell and is 1000mm; the thickness of the middle shell is 25mm, and the thickness of the top plate and the bottom plate is 25mm.
The height, length and width of the middle shell can meet the air flow requirement of the electric pile under the highest power generation. If the size is too large, the fuel consumption rate is increased to lower the power generation efficiency; if the size is too small, the fuel utilization is excessively lowered, thereby affecting the stack power.
Two layers of partition boards 2 are arranged in the box body 1, and holes which are arranged in a 4*4 array are formed in each layer of partition boards 2; wherein the thickness of the partition board is 15mm, and the distance between two adjacent partition boards is 15cm.
A plurality of tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 which are vertically arranged and are arranged in a matrix are also arranged in the box body 1, namely, a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is formed, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is equal to the holes of the partition plates in number, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is arranged in a 4*4 array in the box body 1, and is positioned at the center of the box body, the longitudinal length of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 500mm, and the transverse width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 400mm, so that the following cathode gas circulation and cathode gas preheating are ensured; in addition, the height of each tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 is equal to that of the middle shell 102, two ends of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 are fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate of the box body, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 are inserted into holes of the partition plates 2, the partition plates 2 play a role in fixing the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3, in addition, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 are in non-sealing connection with the holes of the partition plates 2, and a gap is arranged between the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units and the holes of the partition plates.
The tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 specifically includes a porous anode support tube 301, an anode reaction layer 302, an electrolyte layer 303 and a cathode reaction layer 304 from inside to outside, where the anode reaction layer 302, the electrolyte layer 303 and the cathode reaction layer 304 are fixed on the outer wall of the porous anode support tube 301 by a coating printing manner; and the inner walls of the porous anode support tubes 301 at the two ends of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 are in full-sealed connection with the outer walls of the cathode reaction layer 302.
Wherein, the surface of the pipe wall of the porous anode supporting pipe 301 is smooth and is provided with a plurality of holes, which are made of air-permeable heat-resistant materials, the inner diameter of the porous anode supporting pipe 301 is 20mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall is 2mm; the central cavity of the porous anode support tube 301 forms an anode gas channel 4 along the vertical direction, the top of the anode gas channel 4 is communicated with a fuel tank 5 at the top of the box body 1, and threads are arranged on the outer side of the fuel tank 5 and can be connected with a fuel conveying tube; the cathode reaction layer 304 and the case 1 and the separator 2 form three layers of cathode gas channels 6 along the transverse direction, the length and the width of the cathode gas channels 6 are respectively equal to those of the middle case, the left and right ends of each layer of cathode gas channels 6 are respectively provided with a cathode gas inlet 601 and a cathode gas outlet 602, the cathode gas inlet 601 and the cathode gas outlet 602 are respectively positioned on the left side wall and the right side wall of the case 1, the cathode gas inlet 601 is in a tapered tubular shape gradually expanding towards the inner side of the case 1, the cathode gas outlet 602 is in a tapered tubular shape gradually shrinking towards the outer side of the case 1, and the inner diameters of the necking ends of the cathode gas inlet 601 and the cathode gas outlet 602 are 150mm.
In addition, a drain base 7 is provided at the bottom of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3, and an exhaust hole 701 is provided at one side of the drain base 7, and the exhaust hole 701 is capable of communicating with a pipe to conduct out high-temperature steam generated during the reaction.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack, which comprises a box 1, wherein the box 1 comprises a top plate 101, a middle shell 102 and a bottom plate 103, and the top plate 101, the middle shell 102 and the bottom plate 103 are made of or covered by heat insulation materials; the top plate 101 and the bottom plate 103 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the top and the bottom of the middle shell 102, and the top plate 101, the bottom plate 103 and the middle shell 102 are in sealing connection.
In the case 1, the height of the middle shell is determined according to the rated power P of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, and the height of the middle shell 102 is 1/2 of the rated power P of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, where the unit of the height of the middle shell is mm, and the unit of the rated power P is w, specifically in this embodiment, the rated power P of the fuel cell stack is 10kW, and the height of the middle shell is 5000mm; the width of the middle shell is equal to the height of the middle shell and is 5000mm; the length of the middle shell is 2 times of the width of the middle shell and is 10000mm; the thickness of the middle shell is 50mm, and the thickness of the top plate and the bottom plate is 50mm.
The height, length and width of the middle shell can meet the air flow requirement of the electric pile under the highest power generation. If the size is too large, the fuel consumption rate is increased to lower the power generation efficiency; if the size is too small, the fuel utilization is excessively lowered, thereby affecting the stack power.
5 layers of partition boards 2 are arranged in the box body 1 at equal intervals, and holes which are arranged in 40-40 arrays are formed in each layer of partition board 2; wherein, the thickness of the baffle is 30mm.
The box body 1 is internally provided with a plurality of tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 which are vertically arranged and are arranged in a matrix, namely, a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is formed, the number of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units is equal to that of holes of the partition plates, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are arranged in a 40 x 40 array in the box body 1, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit array is positioned at the center of the box body, the longitudinal length of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit array is 5000mm, and the transverse width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit array is 4000mm; in addition, the height of each tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 is equal to that of the middle shell 102, two ends of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 are fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate of the box body, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 are inserted into holes of the partition plates 2, the partition plates 2 play a role in fixing the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3, in addition, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units 3 are in non-sealing connection with the holes of the partition plates 2, and a gap is arranged between the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units and the holes of the partition plates.
The tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 specifically includes a porous anode support tube 301, an anode reaction layer 302, an electrolyte layer 303 and a cathode reaction layer 304 from inside to outside, where the anode reaction layer 302, the electrolyte layer 303 and the cathode reaction layer 304 are fixed on the outer wall of the porous anode support tube 301 by a coating printing manner; and the inner walls of the porous anode support tubes 301 at the two ends of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3 are in full-sealed connection with the outer walls of the cathode reaction layer 302.
Wherein, the surface of the tube wall of the porous anode support tube 301 is smooth and provided with a plurality of holes, which are made of air-permeable heat-resistant material, and the inner diameter of the porous anode support tube 301 is 30mm, and the thickness of the tube wall is 5mm; the central cavity of the porous anode support tube 301 forms an anode gas channel 4 along the vertical direction, the top of the anode gas channel 4 is communicated with a fuel tank 5 at the top of the box body 1, and threads are arranged on the outer side of the fuel tank 5 and can be connected with a fuel conveying tube; the cathode reaction layer 304 and the case 1 and the separator 2 form three layers of cathode gas channels 6 along the transverse direction, the length and the width of the cathode gas channels 6 are respectively equal to those of the middle case, the left and right ends of each layer of cathode gas channels 6 are respectively provided with a cathode gas inlet 601 and a cathode gas outlet 602, the cathode gas inlet 601 and the cathode gas outlet 602 are respectively positioned on the left side wall and the right side wall of the case 1, the cathode gas inlet 601 is in a tapered tubular shape gradually expanding towards the inner side of the case 1, the cathode gas outlet 602 is in a tapered tubular shape gradually shrinking towards the outer side of the case 1, and the inner diameters of the necking ends of the cathode gas inlet 601 and the cathode gas outlet 602 are 150mm.
In addition, a drain base 7 is provided at the bottom of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit 3, and an exhaust hole 701 is provided at one side of the drain base 7, and the exhaust hole 701 is capable of communicating with a pipe to conduct out high-temperature steam generated during the reaction.
It should be noted that the parts not described in the present utility model can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack is characterized by comprising a box body, wherein a plurality of vertically installed tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are arranged in the box body, and each tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit comprises a porous anode supporting tube, an anode reaction layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode reaction layer from inside to outside;
the central cavity of the porous anode support tube forms an anode gas channel along the vertical direction, and the top of the anode gas channel is communicated with a fuel tank at the top of the box body;
a cathode gas channel is formed between the cathode reaction layer and the box body along the transverse direction, and a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the box body.
2. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1-5 layers of separators are arranged in the box body, a plurality of holes are formed in the separators, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are inserted into the holes of the separators, and gaps are formed between the tubular solid oxide fuel cell units and the holes of the separators.
3. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of layers of cathode gas channels are formed between the cathode reaction layer and the box body and the separator, and a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet are formed at the left and right ends of each layer of cathode gas channel.
4. A crossflow box solid oxide fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the cathode gas inlet is in the shape of a tapered tube which tapers towards the inside of the box and the cathode gas outlet is in the shape of a tapered tube which tapers towards the outside of the box.
5. The cross-flow box solid oxide fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit is provided with a vent.
6. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the box body comprises a top plate, a middle shell and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively fixedly arranged at the top and the bottom of the middle shell, the top plate, the bottom plate and the middle shell are in sealing connection, and the top plate, the middle shell and the bottom plate of the box body are made of heat insulation materials or are coated by heat insulation materials;
the height of the middle shell is 1/2 of the power generated by the solid oxide fuel cell stack;
the width of the middle shell is equal to the height of the middle shell;
the length of the middle shell is 2 times of the width of the middle shell;
the thickness of the middle shell is 25-50 mm, and the thicknesses of the top plate and the bottom plate are 25-50 mm.
7. A cross flow box solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 2, wherein the separator has a thickness of 15 to 30mm.
8. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 6, wherein the porous anode support tube is made of a breathable heat-resistant material, the length of the porous anode support tube is equal to the height of the middle shell, the inner diameter of the porous anode support tube is 20-80 mm, and the tube wall thickness is 2-5 mm.
9. The cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of tubular solid oxide fuel cell units are arranged in a matrix to form a tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix, and the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is located at the middle position of the box body;
the ratio of the longitudinal length to the transverse width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 1-1.5:1, the ratio of the longitudinal length to the cathode gas channel length of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 1.5-2:3, and the ratio of the transverse width to the cathode gas channel width of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell unit matrix is 3-4:5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320535414.9U CN219419105U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320535414.9U CN219419105U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219419105U true CN219419105U (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320535414.9U Active CN219419105U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Cross flow tube box type solid oxide fuel cell stack |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219419105U (en) |
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- 2023-03-20 CN CN202320535414.9U patent/CN219419105U/en active Active
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