CN113013437B - Fuel cell cathode runner with gradually-reduced slope structure - Google Patents
Fuel cell cathode runner with gradually-reduced slope structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013437B CN113013437B CN201911327058.6A CN201911327058A CN113013437B CN 113013437 B CN113013437 B CN 113013437B CN 201911327058 A CN201911327058 A CN 201911327058A CN 113013437 B CN113013437 B CN 113013437B
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- fuel cell
- flow channel
- flow
- slope
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention adopts the following technical scheme that the fuel cell cathode flow channel with the tapered slope structure comprises a fuel cell cathode flow channel straight-line along section, a tapered structure along section and a slope structure U-shaped turning section. The U-shaped turning inlet is provided with the tapered structure so as to reduce the area of the airflow flowing section, accelerate the flowing speed of the airflow, improve the flooding phenomenon, lead the flow path of liquid water in the flow channel due to the fact that the outer wall of the U-shaped turning part forms a slope with a certain angle due to the difference of the upper surface area and the lower surface area, and reduce the splashing phenomenon of water drops in the flow channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell cathode runner with a tapered slope structure.
Background
Under the premise that petroleum resources are increasingly scarce in the world and global warming is increasingly promoted, the development of clean energy is increasingly important, the application of hydrogen energy is the research focus in the world at present, a fuel cell spans a heat engine process, a Carnot cycle does not exist, chemical energy of fuel and oxidant is directly converted into electric energy, the energy conversion efficiency is extremely high, and therefore the fuel cell is one of the most promising power sources at present.
In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), water is generated in a cathode Catalyst Layer (CL), then transported to the surface of a Membrane Electrode (MEA) through a Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL), and finally flows out of a flow channel. To ensure a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) with a high proton conductivity, its high water content must be maintained. However, excessive water in the flow channels of the fuel cell may obstruct an effective path for oxygen diffusion, limit the reaction rate of the Catalyst Layers (CLs), and greatly reduce the performance of the cell, which is called flooding, which causes uneven distribution of reactants in the fuel cell, thereby causing problems such as uneven current density, localized hot spots in the membrane, degradation of performance, and aging of materials. Flow channel flooding is a main factor limiting the performance of the fuel cell, and directly leads to the performance degradation of the fuel cell, so that the water management on the cathode side of the fuel cell is important for improving the performance of the fuel cell, and the water management needs to be promoted by improving the actions such as flow channel structures and the like, so that the transport capacity of reactants to the porous gas diffusion layer and the catalytic layer is enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel cathode runner of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which reduces the problems of flooding blockage and liquid drop splashing in the runner.
The invention adopts the following technical proposal
A fuel cell cathode flow channel with a tapered slope structure comprises a fuel cell cathode flow channel straight-line along section, a tapered structure along section and a slope structure U-shaped turning section.
The U-shaped turning inlet is provided with a tapered structure so as to reduce the area of the airflow flowing through section, and the outer wall of the U-shaped turning part forms a slope with a certain angle due to the difference of the upper surface area and the lower surface area so as to guide the flowing path of liquid water in the flow channel.
The fuel cell inlet is a straight path section of a conventional serpentine flow channel, the path length is 30mm, and the cross section area of the flow channel is square with the cross section area of 1mm multiplied by 1mm.
The linear path is followed by the tapered structure path section, and the path length is 0.4-1.2 mm.
The terminal end of the tapered section enters a U-shaped turning slope structure, and the cross-sectional area of the flow passage of the U-shaped turning section is 0.8-0.9 mm 2 。
And the U-shaped slope surface structure is symmetrical to the inlet section, enters a section of gradually expanding along the path section, and ends with a straight line section after the sectional area of the airflow flow cross section is expanded to 1mm multiplied by 1mm.
The novel flow channels with the tapered slope structures are multiple groups and at least comprise two groups, and the flow channels are distributed on the bipolar plate to form a multichannel snake-shaped flow field.
The novel multichannel S-shaped flow channel formed by the flow channels with the gradually-reduced slope structures is provided with the gradually-reduced slope structures at every U-shaped turning position.
And air is introduced into the right upper corner of the multichannel snake-shaped flow field formed by the novel flow channels, and liquid water of a reaction product is discharged from the left lower corner of the flow field.
The novel cathode runner of the fuel cell with the tapered slope structure is characterized in that liquid water in the runner is easy to gather at corners, the tapered structure reduces the area of the airflow cross section, the airflow speed is increased, the slope structure formed by the U-shaped turning outer wall guides the airflow to the GDL surface to enhance mass transfer, the novel cathode runner is used for limiting water drops to splash to other wall surfaces under the condition of rapid change of wind direction and speed, the water management capability of the fuel cell is enhanced, and the performance of the fuel cell is improved.
Drawings
FIG. one is a schematic diagram of a serpentine flow field formed by a plurality of groups of novel flow channels; and the second diagram is a schematic diagram of a tapered slope structure of the novel runner.
Wherein: 1. bipolar plate 2, snakelike runner U type turn 3, runner entry 4, runner entry 5, runner export 6, runner export 7, novel runner straight line along journey section 8, novel runner convergent along journey section 9, novel runner U type outer wall domatic 10, novel runner U type inner wall domatic.
Description of the embodiments
The novel flow channel design of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of this patent.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if terms such as "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "parallel", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. are used, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in the specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as used herein, are used for descriptive purposes only. And are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention provides a novel flow channel structure of a fuel cell. The novel design runner includes: novel straight-line along-path section of flow channel, novel tapered structural section of flow channel, and novel U-shaped sloping surface section of flow channel.
In this embodiment, graphite plates with good electrical and thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance are selected as bipolar plate materials. Further, the bipolar plate further comprises fixing bolts, and the four corners of the bipolar plate are respectively provided with a first positioning hole, a second positioning hole, a third positioning hole and a fourth positioning hole which are matched with the fixing bolts, so that the cathode plate and the anode plate can be connected with each other, the connection is more stable, and the fuel cell stack formed by combining a plurality of monomers is more stable.
As shown in figure 1, the novel flow channels are arranged on the bipolar plate in a multichannel serpentine layout, the flow channel inlets are uniformly distributed at the right upper corner of the bipolar plate in a word arrangement manner, the flow channel outlets are uniformly distributed at the left lower corner of the bipolar plate in a word arrangement manner, and the multiple flow channels are uniformly distributed in parallel and side by side.
The novel flow channels with the tapered slope structures are multiple groups and at least comprise two groups, and the flow channels on the bipolar plate are distributed into multichannel serpentine flow fields. And the U-shaped turning parts of each part of the multichannel S-shaped flow channel formed by the novel flow channels are provided with tapered slope structures.
In this embodiment, the air flow enters through the flow channel inlets 3 and 4. Through the plurality of U-turn sections 2, liquid water and air are discharged through the flow passage outlets 5 and 6.
On the basis of the embodiment, the novel multichannel serpentine runner with the tapered slope structure is provided with the tapered slope structure at each U-shaped turning position.
The novel runner is engraved by a precise numerical control milling machine or a engraving machine strictly according to the design size, and in the embodiment, the depth of a flow field groove formed by the novel runner is 1mm.
The flow passage cross section can be in various shapes along the vertical and extending directions, and is transited from a square cross section to a trapezoid cross section and then transited from the trapezoid cross section to the square cross section.
Further, the present design proposes the dimensions of three different tapered U-shaped runners.
The length of the first type of flow channel is 0.4mm along the tapered structure, the section of the flow channel at the U-shaped turning structure is trapezoid, and the area of the section is 0.9mm 2 The outer wall of the U-shaped structure forms a slope with a certain angle. The U-shaped structure outlet is a section of gradually-expanding structure corresponding to the gradually-expanding structure, the length of the edge is also 0.4mm, the gradually-expanding structure outlet is a straight line edge section, and the gas and the liquid are discharged out of the flow passage through the straight line edge section.
Correspondingly, the length of the tapered structure of the second runner is 1.2mm, and the U-shaped turning structureThe cross section of the flow passage is trapezoid, and the cross section area is 0.9mm 2 The outer wall of the U-shaped structure forms a slope with a certain angle. The U-shaped structure outlet is a section of gradually-expanding structure corresponding to the gradually-expanding structure, the length of the edge is also 1.2mm, the gradually-expanding structure outlet is a straight line edge section, and gas and liquid are discharged out of the flow passage through the straight line edge section.
Correspondingly, the length of the tapered structure of the third runner is 0.8mm, and the cross section of the runner at the U-shaped turning structure is 0.8mm in trapezoid cross section area 2 Therefore, the inner wall and the outer wall of the U-shaped structure form a slope with a certain angle. The outlet of the U-shaped structure is a gradually-expanding structure corresponding to the gradually-expanding structure, the length of the edge is also 0.8mm, the outlet of the gradually-expanding structure is a straight line edge section, and the gas and the liquid are discharged out of the flow passage through the straight line edge section.
The flow channels on the bipolar plates are all smooth, the contact angle between the liquid water and the wall surfaces of the flow channels is increased, namely, the flow channels are hydrophobic, and the liquid water can be discharged out of the flow channels as soon as possible.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The novel cathode flow passage of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is characterized by comprising a straight-line along-range section, a tapered structure along-range section and a slope structure U-shaped turning section of the fuel cell cathode flow passage; taking a conventional serpentine flow passage structure as a building standard, arranging a tapered structure at a U-shaped turning inlet to reduce the area of the airflow cross section, forming a slope with a certain angle by the difference of the upper surface area and the lower surface area of the outer wall of the U-shaped turning part, and guiding the flow path of liquid water in the flow passage; the inlet of the flow channel is a straight-line along-path section of a conventional serpentine flow channel, the length of the along-path is 30mm, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is 1mm x and 1mm square, the length of the along-path section of the tapered section at the inlet of the U-shaped turning section is 0.4-1.2 mm, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the U-shaped turning section is 0.8-0.9 mm 2 The inner wall and the outer wall of the U-shaped bent pipe can form slopes due to the difference of the upper surface area and the lower surface area, the slopes are symmetrical to the inlet section, and the slopes enter a section after the U-shaped slope structureThe expanding section is ended by a straight line section after the cross section of the airflow flow section is expanded to 1mm x and 1 mm; one end of the flow channel is provided with an air flow inlet, and the other end of the flow channel is provided with a liquid water discharge outlet, namely, the air flow blows redundant liquid water out of the flow channel so as to avoid the occurrence of flooding phenomenon.
2. The novel cathode flow channel of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the novel cathode flow channel is formed by at least two groups of multi-channel serpentine flow fields distributed on the bipolar plate.
3. The novel cathode flow passage of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein each U-shaped turning position of the multichannel serpentine flow passage is provided with a tapered slope structure.
4. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell new cathode flow path as claimed in claim 1, wherein the new cathode flow path comprises a flow field region located between the bipolar plate and the gas diffusion of the fuel cell assembly.
5. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell new cathode runner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein liquid water in the runner is easy to gather at corners, a tapered structure reduces the area of the airflow cross section, increases the airflow speed, a slope structure formed by the outer wall of the U-shaped turn guides the airflow to the surface of the GDL to enhance mass transfer, and the slope structure is used for limiting water drops to splash to other wall surfaces under the condition of rapid change of wind direction and speed, the liquid water can slide down along the wall under the influence of the slope, and the creeping blows out of the fuel cell along the flow path on the surface of the GDL, so that the retention of the liquid water is reduced, and meanwhile, the required humidity of the GDL is ensured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911327058.6A CN113013437B (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Fuel cell cathode runner with gradually-reduced slope structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911327058.6A CN113013437B (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Fuel cell cathode runner with gradually-reduced slope structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113013437A CN113013437A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
| CN113013437B true CN113013437B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911327058.6A Active CN113013437B (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Fuel cell cathode runner with gradually-reduced slope structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117352767B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-02-23 | 无锡黎曼机器人科技有限公司 | Flexible adjustment mechanism of snakelike runner board and flow cell snakelike runner assembly systems |
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| CN1564352A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-01-12 | 上海交通大学 | U-shaped gas collection-parellel current combined sprue of proton exchange membrance fuel cell |
| CN1949571A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-04-18 | 上海交通大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell interdigited parallel combined flow field |
| EP1839360A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2007-10-03 | Powerdisc Development Corporation Ltd. | Improved fuel cell cathode flow field |
| CN101651217A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-17 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate flow field structure of fuel cell beneficial to water management |
| CN102170002A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-08-31 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Fuel cell flow field structure with depth gradually-diminished flow channels |
| CN102201583A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-09-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow field structure |
| CN103746129A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-23 | 上海交通大学 | Proton membrane fuel cell flow channels with optimized fuel cell drainage performance |
| CN104143645A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-12 | 天津大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7524575B2 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2009-04-28 | Hyteon Inc. | Flow field plate for use in fuel cells |
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2019
- 2019-12-20 CN CN201911327058.6A patent/CN113013437B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1564352A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-01-12 | 上海交通大学 | U-shaped gas collection-parellel current combined sprue of proton exchange membrance fuel cell |
| EP1839360A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2007-10-03 | Powerdisc Development Corporation Ltd. | Improved fuel cell cathode flow field |
| CN1949571A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-04-18 | 上海交通大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell interdigited parallel combined flow field |
| CN101651217A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-17 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate flow field structure of fuel cell beneficial to water management |
| CN102170002A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-08-31 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Fuel cell flow field structure with depth gradually-diminished flow channels |
| CN102201583A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-09-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow field structure |
| CN103746129A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-23 | 上海交通大学 | Proton membrane fuel cell flow channels with optimized fuel cell drainage performance |
| CN104143645A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-12 | 天津大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel |
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| CN113013437A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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