CN219401155U - Solid waste sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid waste classification, and discloses a solid waste classification device which comprises a shell, wherein a separation part, a conveying part and a winnowing part are sequentially arranged in the shell, the separation part comprises a speed reducing plate obliquely arranged in the shell and a speed reducing roller rotatably connected to the shell, and a plurality of separation rods are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the speed reducing roller; the conveying part comprises a conveying belt arranged in the shell; the wind separation part comprises a fan fixed in the shell, a plurality of collecting frames are sequentially arranged in the shell along the direction away from the fan, and the wind outlet end of the fan faces the collecting frames. Before the air separation, the utility model rotates the reducing roller to enable the separating rod to break up the solid wastes to be classified, thereby facilitating the subsequent air separation.

Description

Solid waste sorting device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid waste classification, and particularly relates to a solid waste classification device.

Background

Solid waste is an environmentally polluting solid waste material that is produced by humans during production and construction, daily life, and other activities, and is discarded after a period of time and place where it is unavailable. Solid waste is collected and treated intensively because it is very adversely affected to the environment and soil if it is discarded directly, and it is required to classify the solid waste for convenience of treatment.

At present, the classification of the solid waste is mainly realized through a winnowing machine, the solid waste is dumped in the winnowing machine, the winnowing machine is started, and the solid waste with different weights can be separated by blowing the solid waste through the gas in the winnowing machine. However, when the solid waste is discarded, different solid waste is entangled with each other, so that the sorting effect is poor, and the sorting efficiency is low because the solid waste is required to be processed and then sorted again.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a solid waste sorting device, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme that the solid waste sorting device comprises a shell, wherein a separation part, a conveying part and a winnowing part are sequentially arranged in the shell, the separation part comprises a speed reducing plate obliquely arranged in the shell and a speed reducing roller rotatably connected to the shell, and a plurality of separation rods are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the speed reducing roller; the conveying part comprises a conveying belt arranged in the shell; the wind separation part comprises a fan fixed in the shell, a plurality of collecting frames are sequentially arranged in the shell along the direction away from the fan, and the wind outlet end of the fan faces the collecting frames.

The beneficial effects of this technical scheme:

solid waste to be classified is put into the separating part, slides downwards along the inclined speed reducing plate and rotates through the speed reducing roller to drive the separating rod to rotate, so that the solid waste can be scattered, and the solid waste sliding downwards can fall on the conveying belt and is conveyed to the air separation part through the conveying belt. The fan generates air flow to blow the dropped solid waste, so that the solid waste with different weights falls into different collecting frames, and the classification of the solid waste is realized.

This technical scheme utilizes the reducing roll to drive the release lever earlier and rotates before carrying out the selection by winnowing, breaks up solid waste, and the follow-up selection by winnowing of being convenient for reduces because of solid waste intertwine, can't direct selection by winnowing classification, needs the condition of secondary classification to appear.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the speed reducing plate is hinged with two moving rods, the upper moving rod is fixed with the shell, the lower moving rod penetrates through the shell and is connected with the shell in a sliding manner, and the speed reducing plate further comprises a driving piece for driving the lower moving rod to reciprocate.

The beneficial effects are that: the driving piece rotates to drive the moving rod at the lower part to reciprocate, so that the bottom of the speed reducing plate can reciprocate. When the bottom end of the speed reducing plate is close to the speed reducing roller, the speed reducing roller can be rotated to drive the separating rod to finish the separation of the solid waste. When the bottom of the speed reducing plate is far away from the speed reducing roller, the separated solid waste falls onto the conveyor belt conveniently, and the follow-up winnowing is facilitated.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a disturbing roller is rotatably connected to the housing above the conveyor belt, and disturbing columns are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the disturbing roller.

The beneficial effects are that: when solid waste on the conveyer belt is piled up in an overlapping way, the solid waste can be stirred through the disturbance column on the disturbance roller at the position of the disturbance roller, so that the solid waste is dispersed, and the follow-up winnowing is facilitated.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a belt is sleeved between the adjacent disturbing roller and the driving roller.

The beneficial effects are that: the disturbing roller is driven by the rotating roller, and the rotating direction of the disturbing roller is consistent, so that the disturbing column at the bottom and the solid waste conveyed on the conveying belt relatively move, further, the piled solid waste can be conveniently stirred, the solid waste is dispersed on the conveying belt, and the follow-up winnowing is facilitated.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the driving member comprises a driving shaft rotatably connected to the housing, the driving shaft is arranged vertically to the disturbance roller, a driving bevel gear is coaxially fixed on the disturbance roller, and a driven bevel gear meshed with the driving bevel gear is coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the driving shaft; the top of the driving shaft is fixed with a cam, and the periphery of the cam is attached to a lower moving rod.

The beneficial effects are that: the disturbance roller rotates to drive the driving bevel gear to rotate, and through the transmission of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, the rotation of the driving shaft can be realized, and then the cam is driven to rotate, so that the cam intermittently extrudes a moving rod at the lower part, and the reciprocating movement of the bottom of the speed reducing plate is realized.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a support plate is fixed to the housing, the support plate being in contact with the bottom of the conveying surface of the conveyor belt.

The beneficial effects are that: the backup pad can support the conveying face of conveyer belt, avoids the conveyer belt to move down under the effect of solid waste, and the condition that influences the operation of conveyer belt appears, can avoid the conveyer belt to be stretched because of the weight of solid waste simultaneously, can improve the life of conveyer belt.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a magnetic block is fixed on the shell at one end of the conveyor belt close to the air separation part, and the magnetic blocks are positioned in the conveyor belt and respectively attached to the conveyor belt; the periphery of the driving roller, which is close to the air separation part, of the conveying belt is provided with a magnetic layer.

The beneficial effects are that: the magnetic block and the magnetic layer are arranged, so that metal in the solid waste is adsorbed on the conveying belt, the metal cannot fall along with the solid waste when the solid waste falls, and the metal falls off again when the solid waste moves to the bottom and is far away from the magnetic layer along with the conveying belt, so that the classification of the metal is realized.

In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a plurality of deceleration bumps are arranged on the deceleration plate.

The beneficial effects are that: the speed reducing bump can reduce the sliding speed of the solid waste on the speed reducing plate, so that the impact on the conveyor belt can be reduced, and the solid waste can be separated fully by the speed reducing roller and the separating rod conveniently.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a cutting plate is further arranged on the shell, the reducing roller is positioned between the cutting plate and the reducing plate, a plurality of cutting scissors are arranged on the cutting plate along the length direction, and the cutting scissors are staggered with the separating rods.

The beneficial effects are that: when the separating rod is wound by the solid waste, the reducing roller drives the separating rod to rotate, so that the cutting knife and the gap of the separating rod relatively move, and further the wound solid waste can be cut, and the influence on the subsequent separation of the solid waste is avoided.

In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, a shifting block is further arranged on the shell below the conveyor belt, and the shifting block is attached to the bottom surface of the conveyor belt.

The beneficial effects are that: the poking block is attached to the bottom surface of the conveyor belt, so that the bottom surface of the conveyor belt and the poking block can move relatively when the conveyor belt runs, and solid wastes attached to the bottom surface of the conveyor belt are scraped.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a shell 1, a speed reducing plate 2, a speed reducing roller 3, a speed reducing lug 4, a moving rod 5, a mounting block 6, a separating rod 7, a cutting plate 8, a cutting knife 9, a feed inlet 10, a conveyor belt 11, a driving roller 12, a supporting plate 13, a disturbance roller 14, a disturbance column 15, a driving shaft 16, a driving bevel gear 17, a driven bevel gear 18, a cam 19, a magnetic block 20, a magnetic layer 21, a lead-out opening 22, a shifting block 23, a fan 24 and a collecting frame 25.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanical or electrical, or may be in communication with each other between two elements, directly or indirectly through intermediaries, as would be understood by those skilled in the art, in view of the specific meaning of the terms described above.

The present utility model provides a solid waste sorting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, which in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model includes a housing 1, in which a separating part, a conveying part and a wind selecting part are arranged in this order from left to right in the housing 1. The separation part comprises a speed reducing plate 2 and a speed reducing roller 3, the speed reducing plate 2 is arranged in a downward inclined manner from right to left, a plurality of rows of speed reducing lugs 4 are arranged on the left side of the speed reducing plate 2 along the direction from top to bottom, 5 rows of speed reducing lugs 4 are arranged in the embodiment, and the speed reducing lugs 4 are conical blocks.

Two movable rods 5 are hinged to the right side wall of the speed reducing plate 2, the two movable rods 5 are hinged to the right side of the speed reducing plate 2, two mounting blocks 6 are arranged on the right side of the speed reducing plate 2, the upper mounting block 6 is fixed to the speed reducing plate 2, the lower mounting block 6 is vertically and slidably connected with the speed reducing plate 2, and the two movable rods 5 are hinged to the two mounting blocks 6 respectively. The right end of the upper moving rod 5 is fixed with the inner wall of the shell 1, and the right end of the lower moving rod 5 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 1 and is in sliding connection with the shell 1. And a driving member for driving the lower moving rod 5 to reciprocally slide.

The front end and the rear end of the decelerating roller 3 are coaxially fixed with rotating shafts which are rotationally connected with the inner wall of the shell 1. The rear side of the shell 1 is also fixed with a motor, the output shaft of the motor is fixed with a driving gear, the rotating shaft of the rear side penetrates through the shell 1, and a reduction gear is coaxially fixed at one end of the rotating shaft of the rear side, which is positioned outside the shell 1, and is meshed with the driving gear. The periphery of the reducing roller 3 is uniformly provided with a plurality of separating rods 7, which can disturb the solid waste on the reducing plate 2 and facilitate the separation of the solid waste.

The left side that is located the reducing roll 3 on the shell 1 is fixed with tailors board 8, tailors board 8 and length direction and the axial unanimity of reducing roll 3, tailors the bottom of board 8 along evenly arranging a plurality of cutting scissors 9 in the direction from front to back, tailors the cutting edge of sword 9 and sets up towards the right, and tailors sword 9 and the crisscross setting of release lever 7.

A feed inlet 10 is arranged on the shell 1 above the decelerating roller 3 and the decelerating plate 2, and solid wastes to be classified can be thrown into the separating part.

The conveying part comprises a conveying belt 11, the conveying belt 11 comprises two driving rollers 12 and a belt body sleeved outside the two driving rollers 12, the upper part of the belt body is a conveying surface, and the lower part of the belt body is a conveying surface. The front and rear ends of the driving roller 12 are coaxially fixed with rotating shafts, the rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the shell 1, the rotating shaft at the rear side penetrates through the shell 1, a driving gear is coaxially fixed on one end, located outside the shell 1, of the rotating shaft at the rear side, and the driving gear is meshed with the driving gear. The motor is positioned between the reducing roller 3 and the reducing roller 3 at the left end. The engagement of the reduction gear, the transmission gear and the driving gear is an existing arrangement, not shown in the figures.

A supporting plate 13 is also fixed in the shell 1, and the supporting plate 13 is attached to the bottom of the conveying surface of the conveying belt 11 to support the conveying surface of the conveying belt 11. The shell 1 is further rotationally connected with a disturbing roller 14 above the conveyor belt 11, the disturbing roller 14 is arranged in parallel with the driving roller 12, disturbing columns 15 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the disturbing roller 14, and a belt is sleeved between the disturbing roller 14 and the driving roller 12 on the left side.

The driving member includes a driving shaft 16 penetrating through the housing and rotatably connected with the housing, the driving shaft 16 is vertically disposed, a driving bevel gear 17 is coaxially fixed to the rear side of the disturbing roller 14, and a driven bevel gear 18 engaged with the driving bevel gear 17 is coaxially fixed to the bottom of the driving shaft 16. A cam 19 is fixed on the top of the driving shaft 16, the outer periphery of the cam 19 is attached to the right end of the lower moving rod 5, and the cam 19 rotates to realize the left-right reciprocating movement of the moving rod 5.

Two magnetic blocks 20 are arranged at the right end of the conveyor belt 11 in the shell 1, the two magnetic blocks 20 are respectively attached to the bottom of the conveying surface and the top of the conveying surface, a magnetic layer 21 is arranged on the periphery of the right driving roller 12, and an outlet 22 is arranged at the left side of the magnetic block 20 at the bottom of the shell 1. A shifting block 23 is also fixed in the shell 1, the shifting block 23 is attached to the bottom surface of the transmission surface of the conveyor belt 11, and the shifting block 23 is positioned on the left side of the magnetic block 20.

The right end of the housing 1 extends rearward, and the air separation section is provided with the right end of the housing 1. The wind separation part comprises a fan 24 fixed on the inner wall of the front side of the shell 1 and a plurality of collecting frames 25 which are sequentially arranged in the shell 1 from front to back, the fan 24 is a high-speed fan 24, and the air outlet end of the fan 24 is arranged towards the right. The rear side of the right end of the housing 1 is also provided with a take-out port, which facilitates taking out the collecting frame 25.

The specific implementation process is as follows:

solid waste to be classified is thrown into the housing 1 through the inlet 10, and the solid waste falls onto the speed reducing plate 2. The motor is started, the speed reducing roller 3 is driven by the driving gear and the speed reducing gear to rotate, so that the separation column perturbs the solid waste on the speed reducing plate 2, and the wound solid waste is separated. When the separation column is disturbed, and solid waste (such as plastic bags, wires and the like) is wound on the separation column, and the deceleration roller 3 drives the separation column to rotate, the cutting knife 9 passes through a gap between adjacent separation columns, so that the separation column can be cut, and the phenomenon that the solid waste winds the separation column to influence the subsequent separation is avoided.

When the motor is started, the driving roller 12 is rotated by the driving gear and the driving gear, and the conveyor belt 11 runs. Meanwhile, through the transmission of the belt, the disturbance roller 14 rotates, and then through the transmission of the driving bevel gear 17 and the driven bevel gear 18, the driving shaft 16 drives the cam 19 to rotate, the cam 19 intermittently presses the lower moving rod 5, and when the lower moving rod 5 moves rightwards, the distance between the bottom of the speed reducing plate 2 and the speed reducing roller 3 becomes large, so that the solid waste after being stirred and separated can fall onto the conveying belt 11.

After the solid waste falls onto the conveyor belt 11, the solid waste can be conveyed rightward through the conveyor belt 11, and the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 11 is supported by the supporting plate 13, so that the downward movement of the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 11 under the action of the gravity of the solid waste can be avoided, and the smooth conveying of the solid waste can be realized. When the solid waste is transferred to the lower portion of the disturbing roller 14, if the solid waste is accumulated more, it is disturbed by the disturbing column 15 on the disturbing roller 14, and the solid waste is spread.

When the solid waste is conveyed to the right end, if metal is mixed in the solid waste, the solid waste is tightly attached to the conveyor belt 11 under the action of the magnetic blocks 20 and the magnetic layers 21, and the rest of the solid waste falls downwards, and the solid waste is blown by the air blown by the fan 24, so that the air separation of the solid waste can be realized, and the solid waste with different weights falls into different collecting frames 25.

The metal closely attached to the conveyor belt 11 is conveyed to the bottom and separated from the magnetic layer 21, and then falls off, and is guided out from a discharge port at the bottom of the housing 1 and collected. If part of the metal cannot automatically fall off, the metal can be scraped off by the shifting block 23 after moving to the shifting block 23.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "preferred implementation," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example" or "some examples" and the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A solid waste sorting device, characterized by: the device comprises a shell, wherein a separation part, a conveying part and a winnowing part are sequentially arranged in the shell, the separation part comprises a speed reducing plate obliquely arranged in the shell and a speed reducing roller rotatably connected to the shell, and a plurality of separation rods are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the speed reducing roller; the conveying part comprises a conveying belt arranged in the shell; the wind separation part comprises a fan fixed in the shell, a plurality of collecting frames are sequentially arranged in the shell along the direction away from the fan, and the wind outlet end of the fan faces the collecting frames.

2. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the speed reducing plate is hinged with two moving rods, the moving rod on the upper part is fixed with the shell, the moving rod on the lower part penetrates through the shell and is in sliding connection with the shell, and the speed reducing plate further comprises a driving piece for driving the moving rod on the lower part to reciprocate.

3. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the upper part of the shell, which is positioned above the conveyor belt, is rotationally connected with a disturbing roller, and the periphery of the disturbing roller is uniformly provided with disturbing columns.

4. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: a belt is sleeved between the adjacent disturbing roller and the driving roller.

5. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the driving piece comprises a driving shaft which is rotationally connected to the shell, the driving shaft is vertically arranged with the disturbance roller, the disturbance roller is coaxially fixed with a driving bevel gear, and the bottom end of the driving shaft is coaxially fixed with a driven bevel gear meshed with the driving bevel gear; the top of the driving shaft is fixed with a cam, and the periphery of the cam is attached to a lower moving rod.

6. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: a supporting plate is fixed on the shell and is attached to the bottom of the conveying surface of the conveying belt.

7. A solid waste sorting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: a magnetic block is fixed at one end of the shell, which is positioned on the conveyor belt and close to the winnowing part, and the magnetic block is positioned in the conveyor belt and respectively attached to the conveyor belt; the periphery of the driving roller, which is close to the air separation part, of the conveying belt is provided with a magnetic layer.

8. A solid waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein: the speed reducing plate is provided with a plurality of speed reducing convex blocks.

9. A solid waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein: the shell is also provided with a cutting plate, the reducing roll is positioned between the cutting plate and the reducing plate, a plurality of cutting scissors are arranged on the cutting plate along the length direction, and the cutting scissors and the separating rods are arranged in a staggered mode.

10. A solid waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein: the shell is also provided with a shifting block positioned below the conveyor belt, and the shifting block is attached to the bottom surface of the conveyor belt.