CN219369619U - Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal - Google Patents
Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN219369619U CN219369619U CN202223516781.9U CN202223516781U CN219369619U CN 219369619 U CN219369619 U CN 219369619U CN 202223516781 U CN202223516781 U CN 202223516781U CN 219369619 U CN219369619 U CN 219369619U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a metal linear expansion coefficient measuring device which comprises a base, wherein a mobile phone support is arranged on one side of the base, a mobile phone is arranged at the top of the mobile phone support, coordinate paper is arranged at one end of the top of the base, supporting seats are arranged on two sides of the top of the base, PVC pipes are arranged at the tops of the supporting seats on two sides, ceramic pipes are arranged in the PVC pipes, metal rods are arranged in the ceramic pipes, resistance heating wires are arranged on the surfaces of the metal rods, a thermocouple thermometer is arranged on the base, a thermocouple probe is connected with the thermocouple thermometer, the thermocouple probe is arranged in the ceramic pipes, a laser ranging frame is arranged on one side of the PVC pipes, a laser is arranged at the top of the laser ranging frame, supporting plates are connected on two sides of the bottom of the laser ranging frame in a sliding mode, and a plane mirror is arranged at the other end of the top of the base.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of measuring devices, and particularly relates to a metal linear expansion coefficient measuring device.
Background
Most materials have the characteristic of "thermal expansion and contraction", which is caused by the aggravation or weakening of the thermal movement of internal molecules. The metal material is a common material in daily life and plays an important role in life. The coefficient of linear expansion of the metal material is calculated and analyzed, which is a basis for realizing accurate application, and expansion joints left when high-voltage wires are paved, rails are butted and bridges are butted in daily life are all the thermal expansion characteristics of the metal material in practical application;
the publication number is: the Chinese patent of CN211718169U discloses a metal linear expansion coefficient measuring apparatu, including mainframe box and base, the base top is provided with baffle, is used for supporting the stand and the support of the cavity metal stick that awaits measuring, the support top is provided with light blocking piece and amesdial, the light blocking piece with support swing joint, the stand is located the baffle with between the amesdial, the baffle is close to stand one side is provided with distance measuring device, the cavity metal stick that awaits measuring one end with the water tank intercommunication, the other end with the water pump intercommunication, the other end of water pump with the water tank intercommunication. The length of the metal rod at a certain initial temperature is accurately measured by the distance measuring device to be used as the original length of the metal rod, so that the measuring error caused by the original length of the metal rod is effectively solved. The utility model has reasonable design, convenient use, improves the accuracy of measurement and reduces the measurement error
The dial indicator method is used for measuring the metal linear expansion coefficient, uniformity of a temperature field cannot be guaranteed, the dial indicator with high accuracy is quite expensive, the cost is high, and the phenomenon of large manual reading error exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems with the background art, the present utility model has as its object: aims to provide a device for measuring the linear expansion coefficient of metal.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a metal linear expansion coefficient measuring device, includes the base, one side of base is equipped with the cell phone stand, the cell phone is installed at the top of cell phone stand, coordinate paper is installed to the top one end of base, the supporting seat is installed to the top both sides of base, both sides the PVC pipe is installed at the supporting seat top, install the ceramic pipe in the PVC pipe, be equipped with the metal rod in the ceramic pipe, the metal rod surface is equipped with resistance heating wire, the thermocouple thermometer is installed to the base, the thermocouple thermometer is connected with thermocouple probe, thermocouple probe installs in the ceramic pipe, the base is equipped with laser range finding frame in one side of PVC pipe, laser instrument is installed at laser range finding frame top, laser range finding frame's bottom both sides sliding connection has the backup pad, the plane mirror is installed to the top other end of base.
Further limited, both sides the backup pad all is equipped with the guide way, wherein one side install the lead screw in the guide way, the opposite side install the guide bar in the guide way, the both sides of lead screw are connected with the bearing, the lead screw is connected with the nut, the nut is connected with the nut mount pad, the nut mount pad is installed in one side of laser range finding frame, the guide bar is connected with the uide bushing, the uide bushing is installed at the opposite side of laser range finding frame, the lead screw top is connected with the shaft coupling, the shaft coupling is connected with the rotary disk. Such structural design is convenient for adjust the height of laser range finding frame.
Further defined, one side of the metal rod is connected with a plug, and the other side of the metal rod is connected with heat insulation cotton. Such a structural design facilitates the installation of the metal rod.
Further defined, the base is provided with a slot, a socket is arranged in the slot, and the bottom of the coordinate paper is fixedly arranged in the socket. Such a structural design facilitates the installation of the coordinate paper.
Further limited, the mobile phone support is a telescopic adjustment type mobile phone support. Such structural design is convenient for adjust the installation height of cell-phone.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: according to the utility model, the heating wires which are uniformly wound are heated, so that the uniformity of heating of the metal rod is ensured; the heat insulation cotton is arranged, so that the heating is faster, the heat insulation effect is better, and the rate of the heating process in the experimental process is improved; the intelligent device such as a smart phone, a computer and the like is introduced into an experiment, so that the experiment accuracy is improved.
Drawings
The utility model can be further illustrated by means of non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal wire according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal wire according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a supporting plate of a device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal wire according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
the main reference numerals are as follows:
base 1, cell phone stand 2, cell phone 3, coordinate paper 4, supporting seat 5, PVC pipe 6, ceramic pipe 7, metal bar 8, resistance heating wire 9, thermocouple thermometer 10, thermocouple probe 11, laser range finding frame 12, laser 13, backup pad 14, plane mirror 15, guide slot 16, lead screw 17, guide bar 18, bearing 19, nut 20, nut mount 21, uide bushing 22, shaft coupling 23, rotary disk 24, end cap 25, thermal insulation cotton 26, socket 27.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present utility model, the following technical scheme of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1-3, one side of a base 1 is provided with a mobile phone support 2, the top of the mobile phone support 2 is provided with a mobile phone 3, one end of the top of the base 1 is provided with a coordinate paper 4, two sides of the top of the base 1 are provided with supporting seats 5, the tops of the supporting seats 5 on two sides are provided with PVC pipes 6, a ceramic pipe 7 is arranged in the PVC pipe 6, a metal rod 8 is arranged in the ceramic pipe 7, the surface of the metal rod 8 is provided with a resistance heating wire 9, the base 1 is provided with a thermocouple thermometer 10, the thermocouple thermometer 10 is connected with a thermocouple probe 11, the thermocouple probe 11 is arranged in the ceramic pipe 7, one side of the base 1, which is provided with a laser ranging frame 12, the top of the laser ranging frame 12 is provided with a laser 13, two sides of the bottom of the laser ranging frame 12 are slidably connected with supporting plates 14, and the other end of the top of the base 1 is provided with a plane mirror 15.
In this embodiment, the metal rod 8 is provided with different kinds, the metal rod 8 of different kinds is heated by the resistance heating wire 9, the laser 13 is placed on the laser ranging frame 12, the laser ranging frame 12 is pushed to rotate after the metal rod 8 expands, the laser 13 is approximately reflected by the same point on the plane mirror 15 at different angles, reflected light is projected onto the coordinate paper 4, the light spot displacement is recorded by the video of the mobile phone 3, the video is uploaded to a computer, and the change of the light spot position is analyzed by using the tracker software.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. measuring the length l of the metal rod 8;
2. placing a metal rod 8 into the ceramic tube 7;
3. placing the thermocouple probe 11 into the ceramic tube 7;
4. closing the ceramic tube 7 by a plug 25 and heat insulation cotton 26;
5. placing a laser ranging frame 12 in front of the metal rod 8 and making contact with the metal rod;
6. measuring the distances from the plane mirror 15 to the coordinate paper 4, from the laser 13 to the plane mirror 15 and from the laser 13 to the metal rod 8;
7. the laser 13 is connected with a power supply, and the plane mirror 15 is adjusted to make the reflected light strike the center of the coordinate paper 4;
8. the resistance heating wire 9 and the thermocouple thermometer 10 are powered on to work normally;
9. recording the change of the light spot position by the mobile phone video, stopping heating when the mobile phone video is heated to the set temperature, and finishing recording by the mobile phone;
10. importing the video into a software tracker to obtain the displacement of the light spot;
11. substituting the measured value into a formula to obtain a linear expansion coefficient;
12. according to the above steps, a plurality of measurements are made.
The length of the solid generally increases with increasing temperature, known as linear expansion. In a certain temperature range, a metal rod is arranged at t 0 Length at (. Degree.C.) of L 0 Its length L when its temperature rises to t (. Degree.C.) t Can be represented by the following formula:
L t ＝L 0 [1+α(t-t 0 )]
where α is the linear expansion coefficient of the metal (abbreviated as linear expansion coefficient), the above formula is rewritten as:
simultaneous determination of the coefficient of linear expansion of metals
And (3) data recording:
data 1. Measurement of copper rod coefficient of linear expansion
Table 1 measurement of brass coefficients of linear expansion
Data (wherein the length of brass tube measured with tape l=1.0000 m) 2. Measurement of the coefficient of wire expansion of aluminium bar
Table 2 measurement of the coefficient of wire expansion of aluminium bars
Eight (wherein the length of the aluminium bar measured with a tape measure l=1.0000 m), data processing
Data processing 1. Measurement of copper rod coefficient of linear expansion
TABLE 1 (a) measurement of brass temperature
TABLE 1 (b) measurement of elongation
| ΔX | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
| ΔL | 0.085 | 0.071 | 0.066 | 0.071 | 0.074 |
Substituting the measured value into a formula to obtain the coefficient of linear expansion alpha
TABLE 1 (c) measurement of the coefficients of brass wire expansion
| α | 1.54×10 -5 | 1.59×10 -5 | 1.54×10 -5 | 1.55×10 -5 | 1.62×10 -5 |
Data processing 2. Measurement of the Metal wire expansion coefficient of aluminium bar
TABLE 2 (a) measurement of aluminium bar temperature
TABLE 2 measurement of elongation (b)
| ΔX | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.5 |
| ΔL | 0.104 | 0.101 | 0.093 | 0.106 | 0.095 |
TABLE 2 (c) coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum bars
| α | 2.48×10 -5 | 2.50×10 -5 | 2.27×10 -5 | 2.42×10 -5 | 2.30×10 -5 |
9. Experimental error analysis
Error analysis 1. Error analysis of the coefficient of linear expansion of brass
Table 1 comparison of absolute and relative error of copper rod coefficients of linear expansion
Theoretical coefficient of linear expansion of copper bar of 1.7X10 -5
Error analysis 2. Analysis of the coefficient of Linear expansion of aluminum rod
Table 2 comparison of absolute error and relative error of aluminium bar coefficient of linear expansion
Theoretical value of coefficient of linear expansion of aluminium bar is 2.36×10 -5
Relative error of measurement of two metal materials
Error analysis results:
1. when the experimental environment generates larger vibration, the laser is dithered, the light spot displacement is changed to generate an error 2, and the mobile phone is not level with the coordinate paper when the mobile phone is used for video recording, so that the software reading is generated to be error due to mirror image distortion;
3. the laser is not perpendicular to the plane mirror, and the generated included angle is changed, so that the metal elongation measurement generates errors.
Conclusion:
the experimental instrument device can be used as an experimental measurement instrument for the coefficient of linear expansion of a common college. Compared with the prior device, the device heats by heating the uniformly wound heating wires, thereby ensuring the heated uniformity; the heat insulation cotton is arranged, so that the heating is faster, the heat insulation effect is better, and the rate of the heating process in the experimental process is improved; the electric fan is utilized to cool down, the cooling speed is high, the next experiment is facilitated, and intelligent equipment such as a smart phone and a computer is introduced into the experiment while the experiment operation and the operation capability of students are cultivated, so that the measurement accuracy is also greatly improved.
Preferably, the two side support plates 14 are provided with guide grooves 16, wherein a screw rod 17 is arranged in one side guide groove 16, a guide rod 18 is arranged in the other side guide groove 16, bearings 19 are connected to two sides of the screw rod 17, a screw rod 17 is connected with a nut 20, the nut 20 is connected with a nut mounting seat 21, the nut mounting seat 21 is arranged on one side of the laser ranging frame 12, the guide rod 18 is connected with a guide sleeve 22, the guide sleeve 22 is arranged on the other side of the laser ranging frame 12, a coupler 23 is connected to the top of the screw rod 17, and the coupler 23 is connected with a rotating disc 24. Such a structural design facilitates adjusting the height of the laser ranging frame 12. Indeed, other height adjustment configurations of the laser rangefinder stand 12 may be contemplated as appropriate.
Preferably, one side of the metal rod 8 is connected with a plug 25, and the other side of the metal rod 8 is connected with heat insulation cotton 26. Such a structural design facilitates the installation of the metal bar 8. In practice, other structural shapes of the metal bar 8 may be considered as the case may be.
Preferably, the base 1 is provided with a slot, a socket 27 is arranged in the slot, and the bottom of the coordinate paper 4 is fixedly arranged in the socket 27. Such a structural design facilitates the installation of the coordinate paper 4. In practice, other mounting structure shapes for the coordinate paper 4 may be considered as appropriate.
Preferably, the mobile phone support 2 is a telescopic mobile phone support. Such a structural design facilitates adjustment of the mounting height of the handset 3. In practice, other configurations of the mobile phone holder 2 may be considered as the case may be.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the utility model. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the utility model be covered by the claims of this utility model, which are within the skill of those skilled in the art, can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal, characterized in that: including base (1), one side of base (1) is equipped with cell phone stand (2), cell phone (3) are installed at the top of cell phone stand (2), coordinate paper (4) are installed to the top one end of base (1), supporting seat (5) are installed to the top both sides of base (1), both sides PVC pipe (6) are installed at supporting seat (5) top, install ceramic pipe (7) in PVC pipe (6), be equipped with metal bar (8) in ceramic pipe (7), metal bar (8) surface is equipped with resistance heating wire (9), thermocouple thermometer (10) are installed to base (1), thermocouple thermometer (10) are connected with thermocouple probe (11), thermocouple probe (11) are installed in thermocouple ceramic pipe (7), base (1) are equipped with laser range frame (12) in one side of PVC pipe (6), laser range frame (12) top install laser instrument (13), the bottom both sides sliding connection of laser range frame (12) has backup pad (14), plane mirror (15) are installed at the top of base (1).
2. The device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal according to claim 1, wherein: both sides backup pad (14) all are equipped with guide way (16), wherein one side install lead screw (17) in guide way (16), the opposite side install guide bar (18) in guide way (16), the both sides of lead screw (17) are connected with bearing (19), lead screw (17) are connected with nut (20), nut (20) are connected with nut mount pad (21), nut mount pad (21) are installed in one side of laser range finding frame (12), guide bar (18) are connected with uide bushing (22), uide bushing (22) are installed at the opposite side of laser range finding frame (12), lead screw (17) top is connected with shaft coupling (23), shaft coupling (23) are connected with rotary disk (24).
3. The device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal according to claim 2, wherein: one side of the metal rod (8) is connected with a plug (25), and the other side of the metal rod (8) is connected with heat insulation cotton (26).
4. A metal line expansion coefficient measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: the base (1) is provided with a slot, a socket (27) is arranged in the slot, and the bottom of the coordinate paper (4) is fixedly arranged in the socket (27).
5. The device for measuring a coefficient of linear expansion of a metal of claim 4, wherein: the mobile phone support (2) is a telescopic adjusting type mobile phone support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223516781.9U CN219369619U (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223516781.9U CN219369619U (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219369619U true CN219369619U (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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ID=87146667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223516781.9U Active CN219369619U (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Device for measuring coefficient of linear expansion of metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219369619U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-12-28 CN CN202223516781.9U patent/CN219369619U/en active Active
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