CN219350357U - Battery heat abstractor and battery package - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery heat dissipation device and a battery pack. The battery cooling device comprises a battery mounting shell and an encapsulation phase change material, wherein the battery mounting shell comprises a heat exchange device and at least one battery accommodating cavity, the battery accommodating cavity is used for accommodating a battery unit, and the encapsulation phase change material is filled between the heat exchange device and the battery unit and is attached to the heat exchange device and the battery unit so as to transfer heat of the battery unit to the heat exchange device. According to the battery heat dissipation device, the flowing composite phase change material can be prevented from penetrating into the bottom of the battery, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery is reduced.

Description

Battery heat abstractor and battery package

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery heat dissipation device and a battery pack.

Background

Under the conditions of global climate warming and energy crisis, development of electric automobiles has become an important measure for energy conservation and emission reduction. The battery technology is one of the core technologies for development of electric automobiles, and lithium ion batteries are widely used in the electric automobiles due to the characteristics of high energy density, long service life, environmental friendliness and the like. However, the working performance and the service life of lithium ion batteries are greatly affected by temperature, and therefore, electric automobiles are equipped with a special battery cooling system for battery temperature control.

With the rapid charging and landing acceleration of the electric automobile and the continuous improvement of the energy density of the battery, the requirement of the battery thermal management is further improved. The liquid medium cooling technology (liquid cooling and direct cooling technology) is widely used for solving the whole vehicle performance and safety problems caused by the excessively fast temperature rise of the battery due to the characteristics of high cooling speed, high cooling efficiency and the like. However, the following problems exist in the use process of the liquid medium cooling technology: 1. the refrigerant evaporation temperature is low, and the condensation problem is easy to occur in the battery in the operation process; 2. the process requirement is high, and the cold plate and the battery cannot be tightly attached in the installation process; 3. in the use process of the battery, deformation can occur, and the shape change of the battery can influence the fit of the cold plate and the battery.

The related art discloses a lithium ion battery thermal management device based on composite phase change material and liquid cooling, which comprises a battery pack, wherein a base and a top cover are arranged on the battery pack; the battery pack is internally provided with fins and a plurality of lithium ion batteries, the fins divide a closed space formed by the battery pack, the base and the top cover into a plurality of independent space units, the plurality of lithium ion batteries are arranged in the independent space units, and the plurality of lithium ion batteries are electrically connected through a wire row; a liquid cooling plate is also arranged in the battery pack and connected with the fins; the battery pack is internally provided with a composite phase change material, and the composite phase change material is arranged in a closed space formed by the battery pack, the base and the top cover and is fully contacted with the fins and the lithium ion battery.

In this scheme, after composite phase change material melts, can have mobility, the composite phase change material of flowing is easy to permeate to the battery bottom, and the heat of the composite phase change material of infiltration to the battery bottom can't derive, can form adverse effect to the heat dissipation of battery, reduces the radiating efficiency of battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a battery heat dissipation device and a battery pack, which can prevent flowing composite phase change materials from penetrating into the bottom of a battery and reduce the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a battery heat dissipating device including a battery mounting case including a heat exchanging device and at least one battery receiving chamber configured to mount a battery cell, and an encapsulation phase change material configured to be filled between the heat exchanging device and the battery cell and to be adhered to the heat exchanging device and the battery cell to transfer heat of the battery cell to the heat exchanging device.

Further, the packaging phase change material comprises a packaging shell and a phase change material, and the phase change material is accommodated in the packaging shell and is sealed by the packaging shell.

Further, the package is made of a flexible heat-conducting material.

Further, the thermal expansion coefficient of the package case is greater than that of the battery cell and the battery mounting case.

Further, the heat exchange device comprises micro-channel flat pipes and partition boards, the micro-channel flat pipes are distributed at intervals along the first direction, the partition boards are distributed at intervals along the length direction of two adjacent micro-channel flat pipes and are matched with the two adjacent micro-channel flat pipes to form a plurality of battery accommodating cavities at intervals, and the packaging phase change material is filled between the micro-channel flat pipes and the battery monomers.

Further, the outer wall of the microchannel flat tube positioned at the outermost side is coated with a heat insulation material.

Further, the partition plates between adjacent battery cells are made of heat insulating materials.

Further, the microchannel flat tube is provided with a plurality of heat exchange plates at one side where the encapsulated phase change material is arranged.

Further, the encapsulated phase change material has a protrusion, the shape of the protrusion is adapted to the shape of the gap between adjacent heat exchanger plates, and the protrusion is filled in the gap between adjacent heat exchanger plates.

Further, the cross section of the heat exchange plate is rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular.

Further, the height of the heat exchange plate protruding out of the micro-channel flat tube is L1, the distance between the micro-channel flat tube and the battery monomer is L2, and L1/L2 is more than or equal to 2/3 and less than or equal to 4/5.

Further, the width of the heat exchange plates along the arrangement direction is W1, the spacing distance of the heat exchange plates is W2, and W1 is more than or equal to W2 and less than or equal to 3W1.

Further, the micro-channel flat tube and the partition plate are configured as side plates of a battery mounting case, the battery mounting case further comprises an upper cover plate and a lower base plate, the upper cover plate is arranged at the top of the micro-channel flat tube and the partition plate in a covering manner, and the lower base plate is arranged at the bottom of the micro-channel flat tube and the partition plate.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a battery pack including a battery cell and the above battery heat dissipation device, the battery cell being disposed in a battery accommodating chamber.

By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, due to the packaging effect of the packaging phase-change material, the packaging phase-change material cannot generate unbounded flow after being subjected to heat emitted by the battery, and further cannot permeate into the bottom of the battery, and is always positioned between the heat exchange device and the battery monomer, so that the function of transferring heat is realized, and therefore, adverse effects on heat dissipation of the battery are avoided, and further, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery monomer is not reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the battery pack of fig. 1 except for the upper and lower cap plates;

fig. 3 shows a top view of the heat exchange device of fig. 1;

FIG. 4 shows a top view of the microchannel flat tube of FIG. 1 mated with a heat exchanger plate;

FIG. 5 shows a top view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 shows an exploded schematic view of the upper and lower decks of FIG. 1; and

fig. 7 shows a control flow diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

11. a heat exchange device; 111. a microchannel flat tube; 1111. an inlet; 1112. an outlet; 112. a partition plate; 113. a heat exchange plate; 114. an upper cover plate; 1141. a fixing hole; 115. a lower base plate; 1151. a limiting hole; 90. a battery cell; 91. and a tab.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided a battery heat dissipating device including a battery mounting case including a heat exchanging device 11 and at least one battery receiving chamber configured to mount a battery cell 90, and an encapsulation phase change material configured to be filled between the heat exchanging device 11 and the battery cell 90 and to be adhered to the heat exchanging device 11 and the battery cell 90 to transfer heat of the battery cell 90 to the heat exchanging device 11.

In the above technical solution, the packaging phase change material fully absorbs the heat emitted by the battery cell 90, and transfers the heat to the heat exchange device 11, and the heat is discharged through the heat exchange device 11, so as to achieve the effect of heat dissipation of the battery cell 90. The heat dissipation of the battery cell 90 is facilitated due to the strong heat absorption of the encapsulated phase change material.

Through the arrangement, after the packaging phase-change material absorbs heat, the packaging phase-change material cannot flow in an unbounded manner due to the effect of self packaging, and cannot flow to the bottom of the battery, and is always positioned between the heat exchange device 11 and the battery monomer 90, so that the effect of heat transfer is always achieved, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery monomer 90 cannot be affected. The heat exchange device 11 is attached to the battery cell 90, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 90 is improved.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, encapsulating a phase change material includes encapsulating a shell and a phase change material, the phase change material being contained within and encapsulated by the shell.

In the above technical solution, the phase change material is used for absorbing the heat of the battery cell 90 and transferring the heat to the heat exchange device 11, and compared with other materials, the heat absorption performance of the phase change material is better, so the phase change material is used as the heat transfer material, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 90 is higher.

The phase change material liquefies after absorbing heat, forms the fluid that has mobility, through the setting of sealed encapsulation shell, has restricted phase change material's flow space for phase change material is located sealed shell all the time, can't flow out from sealed shell, and then makes phase change material be located all the time between heat transfer device 11 and the battery monomer 90, can not flow to other positions, realizes the function of heat transfer all the time.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the enclosure is made of a flexible thermally conductive material.

Through the arrangement, on one hand, due to the flexible design of the packaging shell, when the phase change material is heated to generate fluidity, the phase change material can act on the packaging shell, so that the packaging shell can be subjected to adaptive deformation, the space between the heat exchange device 11 and the battery cell 90 is filled, and the heat absorption effect of the phase change material is increased; on the other hand, the design of the thermal conductivity of the packaging shell enables the heat absorbed by the phase change material to be transferred to the packaging shell and transferred to the heat exchange device 11 through the packaging shell, so that the heat transfer effect of the phase change material is prevented from being influenced due to the existence of the packaging shell.

The packaging shell can be made of high polymer materials and needs to have certain mechanical strength, so that the problem of breakage in the using process is effectively avoided.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the thermal expansion coefficient of the package case is greater than the thermal expansion coefficients of the battery cell 90 and the battery mounting case.

Through the above arrangement, when the phase change material is heated to generate fluidity, the package can be deformed to the greatest extent, and is filled between the heat exchange device 11 and the battery cell 90. When the packaging shell absorbs heat and expands, the space between the heat exchange device 11 and the battery cell 90 can be fully filled, so that more sufficient contact is formed between the packaging shell and the heat exchange device 11 and between the packaging shell and the battery cell 90, and the heat transfer efficiency between the battery cell 90 and the heat exchange device 11 is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the heat exchange device 11 includes a micro-channel flat tube 111 and a plurality of partition plates 112, the micro-channel flat tubes 111 are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the partition plates 112 are arranged at intervals along a length direction of two adjacent micro-channel flat tubes 111 and cooperate with the two adjacent micro-channel flat tubes 111 to define a plurality of battery accommodating cavities spaced from each other, and the packaging phase change material is filled between the micro-channel flat tubes 111 and the battery cells 90.

In the above technical solution, two ends of the micro-channel flat tube 111 are respectively an inlet 1111 and an outlet 1112, a heat exchange medium enters from the inlet 1111, flows along the micro-channel flat tube 111 to exchange heat, and then is discharged along the outlet 1112, and in this process, the heat exchange medium absorbs heat transferred from the phase change material to the micro-channel flat tube 111 and brings the heat out of the micro-channel flat tube 111, so as to realize the heat dissipation function of the battery cell 90.

Through the arrangement, the heat received by the micro-channel flat tube 111 can be rapidly discharged by the heat exchange medium, so that the rapid heat dissipation of the battery cell 90 is realized.

In one embodiment, the microchannel flat tube 111 is replaced with a copper tube.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the outer wall of the microchannel flat tube 111 located at the outermost side is coated with a thermal insulation material.

In the above technical scheme, the heat insulation material is used for isolating the heat exchange medium from the external environment and also used for isolating and packaging the phase change material from the external environment.

Through the arrangement, the heat exchange medium and the packaging phase change material can not absorb heat of the external environment, the external environment is prevented from influencing the heat exchange effect of the battery monomer 90, the heat exchange medium and the packaging phase change material can exchange heat with the battery monomer 90 more fully, the energy utilization efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium and the packaging phase change material are further improved, in addition, the heat insulation material insulates the heat exchange device 11 from the external environment, so that the hot air of the external environment can be prevented from being pre-cooled and condensed when reaching the surface of the heat exchange device 11, condensate water is formed, and the condensation problem in the battery box is further avoided.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the spacer plates 112 between the adjacent battery cells 90 are made of a heat insulating material.

In the above-described embodiments, the partition plates 112 separate the adjacent battery cells 90, preventing the battery cells 90 from affecting each other.

Through the above arrangement, when a certain battery cell 90 fails and generates a large amount of heat, the partition board 112 can prevent the temperature of the failed battery from affecting the temperature of the adjacent normal battery cell 90, and thus prevent other normal battery cells 90 from failing.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the microchannel flat tube 111 is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins 113 on the side where the encapsulated phase change material is provided.

In the above technical solution, the heat exchange plate 113 is located between the micro-channel flat tube 111 and the encapsulated phase change material, so as to enlarge the contact area between the encapsulated phase change material and the micro-channel flat tube 111.

Through the arrangement, the heat of the packaging phase-change material can be quickly and fully transferred to the micro-channel flat tube 111, so that the heat exchange medium can timely absorb the heat of the wall surface of the micro-channel flat tube 111, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the encapsulation phase change material has protrusions, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the gaps between adjacent heat exchanger plates 113, and the protrusions are filled in the gaps between adjacent heat exchanger plates 113.

Through the arrangement, the protruding parts are matched with the heat exchange plates 113, so that the packaging phase change material can be fully contacted with the heat exchange plates 113 after absorbing heat, and then the heat of the packaging phase change material can be fully transferred to the heat exchange plates 113 and transferred to the micro-channel flat tubes 111 through the heat exchange plates 113.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the heat exchange plate 113 has a rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular cross section.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the height of the heat exchange plate 113 protruding from the micro-channel flat tube 111 is L1, and the distance between the micro-channel flat tube 111 and the battery cell 90 is L2, 2/3.ltoreq.L1/L2.ltoreq.4/5.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the width of the heat exchange plates 113 in the arrangement direction is W1, and the spacing distance of the heat exchange plates 113 is W2,2W 1. Ltoreq.W2.ltoreq.3W1.

The heat exchange plate 113 of the microchannel flat tube is designed in the mode, so that the optimal heat exchange effect can be achieved with the phase change material, and on the other hand, the quality of a product processed by adopting the design processing technology can be ensured in terms of the processing technology, the processing is convenient, and the cost is low.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 6, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the micro-channel flat tube 111 and the partition plate 112 are constructed as side plates of a battery mounting case, and the battery mounting case further includes an upper cover plate 114 and a lower base plate 115, the upper cover plate 114 being disposed to cover the top of the micro-channel flat tube 111 and the partition plate 112, and the lower base plate 115 being mounted to the bottom of the micro-channel flat tube 111 and the partition plate 112.

In the above technical solution, the upper cover 114 is provided with a fixing hole 1141, and the tab 91 of the battery cell 90 passes through the fixing hole 1141 and is adhered to the edge of the fixing hole 1141 by insulating sealant. The lower bottom plate 115 is provided with a limiting hole 1151, and the bottom of the battery cell 90 is embedded into the limiting hole 1151 for position fixing. The upper cover plate 114 and the lower base plate 115 are made of fireproof materials for preventing the ignition of the battery cells 90.

Through the above-mentioned setting for battery monomer 90 is located sealed space, prevents that external environment's temperature and humidity from causing the influence to battery monomer 90's working property, still prevents that external environment's temperature from causing the influence to battery heat abstractor's heat dispersion.

In one embodiment, the heat exchange device 11 may also be disposed at the bottom or top of the battery, in which case the encapsulated phase change material is also disposed at the bottom or top of the battery cell 90, respectively, and between the heat exchange device 11 and the battery cell 90.

In one embodiment, the micro-channel flat tube 11 and the heat exchange fin structure can be replaced by copper tubes and fin structures, heat insulation materials are arranged between the battery cells 90 and the battery cells 90, temperature equalizing plates are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the copper tubes and are respectively connected with the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate, fins are arranged on the copper tubes, and encapsulated phase change materials are filled in the space surrounded by the upper cover plate, the lower bottom plate, the side surfaces of the battery, the copper tubes connected with the temperature equalizing plates and the heat insulation materials. If the design of a plurality of rows of copper pipes is adopted, a temperature equalizing plate is also arranged between the copper pipes.

In one embodiment, the microchannel flat tubes 111 and spacer plates 112 are configured as upper and lower plates of a battery mounting case, with the upper and lower cover plates 114 being side plates of the battery.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the battery heat dissipation device further comprises a thermal management system and a predetermined number of temperature sensors in communication, each of the temperature sensors is disposed at one of the battery cells 90, all of the temperature sensors are uniformly spaced apart, and the inlet 1111 of the micro-channel flat tube 111 is in communication with a refrigeration system in communication with the thermal management system.

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, in the above technical solutions, a temperature sensor detects the temperature of a corresponding battery monomer 90 in real time, and sends a detected temperature value T0 to a thermal management system, the thermal management system compares T0 with a preset value T1 preset in itself, if T0 is greater than T1, the thermal management system controls a refrigeration system to be turned on, and the refrigeration system introduces a heat exchange medium into a micro-channel flat tube 111; if T0 is less than or equal to T1, the thermal management system continues to receive the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor.

The specific operation conditions of the battery cooling device for cooling the battery are as follows: the temperature sensor arranged in the battery module receives the temperature signal of the battery in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the battery thermal management system. Firstly, due to rapid charge or high-rate charge and discharge, the temperature of the battery is increased, the phase-change material in direct contact with the battery absorbs the heat of the battery through the phase change, when the capacity of the phase-change material for absorbing the heat is close to saturation, the temperature of the battery is rapidly increased, when the measured value T0 of the temperature received by the thermal management system is larger than the set value T1 of the temperature, the liquid medium cooling system is started, the liquid medium flows into the micro-channel flat tube 111 from the liquid medium inlet 1111 and flows out from the liquid medium outlet 1112 and circulates in the micro-channel flat tube 111, the liquid medium absorbs the heat of the phase-change material in the circulation process of the micro-channel flat tube 111, the temperature of the phase-change material is reduced, and the phase-change material with reduced temperature continuously absorbs the heat of the battery, so that the battery is cooled. When the battery thermal management system receives a temperature signal from a temperature sensor in the heat radiating device at a certain moment, the measured value T0 of the measured battery temperature is smaller than the set value T1 of the temperature, the battery temperature is restored to the normal working range, cooling is not needed, the liquid medium cooling system stops running, and cooling is finished.

By the arrangement, the energy consumption of the refrigeration system can be reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is further provided a battery pack including the battery cell 90 and the above-mentioned battery heat dissipation device, where the battery cell 90 is disposed in the battery accommodating cavity.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (14)

1. The battery cooling device is characterized by comprising a battery mounting shell and a packaging phase change material, wherein the battery mounting shell comprises a heat exchange device (11) and at least one battery accommodating cavity, the battery accommodating cavity is configured to be used for accommodating a battery unit (90), and the packaging phase change material is configured to be filled between the heat exchange device (11) and the battery unit (90) and is attached to the heat exchange device (11) and the battery unit (90) so as to transfer heat of the battery unit (90) to the heat exchange device (11).

2. The battery heat sink of claim 1, wherein the encapsulated phase change material comprises an encapsulation and a phase change material, the phase change material being contained within and encapsulated by the encapsulation.

3. The battery heat sink of claim 2 wherein the enclosure is made of a flexible thermally conductive material.

4. The battery heat sink of claim 2 wherein the coefficient of thermal expansion of the package is greater than the coefficients of thermal expansion of the battery cell (90) and the battery mounting case.

5. The battery heat dissipating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanging device (11) comprises a microchannel flat tube (111) and a spacer plate (112), wherein a plurality of the microchannel flat tubes (111) are arranged at intervals along a first direction, a plurality of the spacer plates (112) are arranged at intervals along a length direction of two adjacent microchannel flat tubes (111), and are matched with two adjacent microchannel flat tubes (111) to enclose a plurality of mutually-spaced battery accommodating cavities, and the packaging phase change material is filled between the microchannel flat tubes (111) and the battery cells (90).

6. The battery heat sink according to claim 5, wherein the outer wall of the microchannel flat tube (111) located at the outermost side is covered with a heat insulating material.

7. The battery heat sink according to claim 5, wherein the spacer plates (112) between adjacent battery cells (90) are made of a heat insulating material.

8. The battery heat sink according to claim 5, wherein the microchannel flat tube (111) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins (113) at the side where the encapsulated phase change material is provided.

9. The battery heat sink according to claim 8, wherein the encapsulation phase change material has a protrusion, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the gap between adjacent heat exchange plates (113), the protrusion filling in the gap between adjacent heat exchange plates (113).

10. The battery heat sink according to claim 8, wherein the heat exchanger plates (113) have a rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular cross section.

11. The battery cooling device according to claim 8, wherein the height of the heat exchange fin (113) protruding from the micro-channel flat tube (111) is L1, and the distance between the micro-channel flat tube (111) and the battery cell (90) is L2,2/3 is less than or equal to L1/L2 is less than or equal to 4/5.

12. The battery heat dissipating device according to claim 8, wherein the width of the heat exchanging fins (113) in the arrangement direction is W1, and the spacing distance of the heat exchanging fins (113) is W2,2W1 is equal to or less than W2 is equal to or less than 3W1.

13. The battery heat sink according to claim 5, wherein the microchannel flat tube (111) and the spacer plate (112) are configured as side plates of the battery mounting case, the battery mounting case further comprising an upper cover plate (114) and a lower base plate (115), the upper cover plate (114) being disposed to cover the tops of the microchannel flat tube (111) and the spacer plate (112), the lower base plate (115) being mounted to bottoms of the microchannel flat tube (111) and the spacer plate (112).

14. A battery pack comprising a battery cell (90) and a battery heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the battery cell (90) being disposed within the battery receiving cavity.

Images