CN219348484U

CN219348484U - Rock-soil material biax loading experimental facilities

Info

Publication number: CN219348484U
Application number: CN202320220710.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡世权; 禚峰; 周书剑; 魏凯; 朵永辉; 庄园
Original assignee: First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 14th Bureau Co Ltd
Current assignee: First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 14th Bureau Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-15
Filing date: 2023-02-15
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-15

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of rock and soil loading experiments, and particularly relates to rock and soil material double-shaft loading experimental equipment, which comprises an experiment table, wherein the top of the experiment table is fixedly connected with an experiment box which is relatively closed, two groups of synchronous loading units are arranged on the same horizontal plane on the experiment box, the loading directions of the two groups of synchronous loading units are vertically arranged and have the same structure, a rock and soil test piece is positioned at the center of the two groups of synchronous loading units, the outer side of the top of the experiment box is correspondingly provided with a measuring unit, the top of the experiment box is detachably connected with a cover plate through a bolt, the measuring unit is positioned above the cover plate, the measuring end of the measuring unit is correspondingly arranged on the top surface of the rock and soil test piece, the bottom of the inner side of the experiment box is communicated with a through hole, the experiment box is filled with water or drained through the through hole, and the inner side wall of the experiment box is fixedly connected with a liquid level sensor. The creep rule and the damage state of the rock and soil test piece can be obtained under complex conditions, and the loading equipment is effectively combined with different rock and soil states.

Description

Rock-soil material biax loading experimental facilities

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of rock-soil loading experiments, and particularly relates to rock-soil material double-shaft loading experimental equipment.

Background

Creep refers to the phenomenon that the deformation of a material increases with time under the continuous action of constant stress. As the creep effect is an important factor for influencing the long-term stability of geotechnical engineering, the creep characteristic research of the weak geotechnical material is developed, and the creep effect has important theoretical significance and engineering significance for engineering design and construction. Often, the deformation and failure conditions exhibited by the rock are different in different environments, such as different moisture contents within the rock. The existing CN210322576U is a rock-soil material two-dimensional test loading device, and only the rock-soil material is loaded through the jack, so that although a two-dimensional loading experiment can be carried out, the loading condition is single, and the rock-soil experimental state in the complex condition cannot be obtained, for example: when experiments are carried out on the rock and soil with different humidity, the water content of the rock and soil needs to be adjusted in other places. Therefore, there is a need for a dual axis loading experiment device for geotechnical materials that can combine dual axis loading devices with different geotechnical conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a dual-shaft loading experimental device for a rock-soil material, so as to solve the problems and achieve the aim of combining the dual-shaft loading device with different rock-soil states.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions: the utility model provides a rock and soil material biax loading experimental facilities, includes the laboratory bench, the top fixedly connected with relatively confined experimental box of laboratory bench, same horizontal plane on the experimental box is provided with two sets of synchronous loading units, two sets of synchronous loading unit loading direction sets up perpendicularly and still the structure is the same, and the rock and soil test piece is located two sets of synchronous loading unit's center, the top outside of experimental box corresponds and is provided with measuring unit, the top of experimental box is through the detachable apron that is connected with of bolt, measuring unit is located the top of apron, measuring unit's measuring end corresponds the top surface that sets up the rock and soil test piece, the inboard bottom intercommunication of experimental box has the through-hole, the experimental box passes through the through-hole water injection or water drainage, fixedly connected with level sensor on the inside wall of experimental box.

Preferably, the synchronous loading unit comprises a second cylinder body and a third cylinder body which are fixedly connected to opposite outer side walls of the experiment box, a first loading part which is connected to one end of the second cylinder body in a sliding manner, a second loading part which is connected to one end of the third cylinder body in a sliding manner, and a driving part which is connected to the other end of the second cylinder body and the other end of the third cylinder body, wherein the driving part is fixedly connected to the top surface of the experiment table, the first loading part and the second loading part respectively penetrate through the side walls of the experiment box and are positioned in the experiment box, and the rock and soil test piece is positioned between the first loading part and the second loading part.

Preferably, the first loading part comprises a fourth piston rod, one end of the fourth piston rod penetrates through the side wall of the experiment box and is in sliding connection with the inner side of one end of the second cylinder body, which is close to the experiment box, one end of the second cylinder body, which is far away from the experiment box, is correspondingly arranged with the driving part, the other end of the fourth piston rod is in sliding connection with a first steel plate, the first steel plate slides along the vertical axis direction of the fourth piston rod, and the rock-soil test piece is located on one side, which is far away from the fourth piston rod, of the first steel plate.

Preferably, the second loading part comprises a third piston rod, one end of the third piston rod penetrates through the side wall of the experiment box and is further in sliding connection with the inner side of one end of the third cylinder body, which is close to the experiment box, one end of the third cylinder body, which is far away from the experiment box, is correspondingly arranged with the driving part, the other end of the third piston rod is in sliding connection with a second steel plate, the second steel plate slides along the vertical axis direction of the third piston rod, and the rock-soil test piece is located on one side, which is far away from the third piston rod, of the second steel plate.

Preferably, the driving part comprises a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the top surface of the experiment table, a first piston rod and a second piston rod fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, a first cylinder body fixedly connected to the experiment box and close to one side wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic oil pipeline fixedly communicated between the first cylinder body and the third cylinder body, wherein the second piston rod is slidably connected to the inner side of one end of the second cylinder body far away from the experiment box, the first piston rod is slidably connected to the inner side of one end of the first cylinder body far away from the experiment box, and the first cylinder body, the second piston rod and the hydraulic cylinder are arranged in parallel.

Preferably, the measuring unit comprises a support assembly, the support assembly is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the side wall of the experimental box, a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the support assembly, a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the pressure sensor, and the bottom end of the spring is correspondingly arranged with the top surface of the rock-soil test piece.

The utility model has the following technical effects: the main purpose of the through hole is to add water or moist air into a closed experiment box, soak or moisten the rock-soil test piece under certain pressure, load test the rock-soil test piece with different humidity, and if necessary, introduce hot air to fully simulate the stress change in the actual environment; the open experiment box is adopted, and the main function of the loading of the two groups of synchronous loading units is to load and test the rock and soil test piece from two directions in the horizontal plane, so that the pressure on the peripheral side of the rock and soil test piece is synchronously generated or disappeared, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved to a certain extent; the main function of the measuring unit is to acquire creep information of the top of the rock-soil test piece through the measuring end; the liquid level sensor is mainly used for acquiring the water level change condition in the closed experiment box so as to judge the water absorption capacity of the rock-soil test piece; overall, the method and the device can change the loading environment of the rock-soil test piece and effectively ensure the stability of the loading process, namely, acquire the creep rule and the damage state of the test rock-soil test piece under complex conditions, and effectively combine loading equipment with different rock-soil states.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the experimental facility in the front view direction;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the experimental apparatus of the present utility model in a top view;

wherein, 1, the experiment table; 2. a hydraulic cylinder; 3. a first piston rod; 4. a first cylinder; 5. an experiment box; 6. a bracket assembly; 7. a spring; 8. a pressure sensor; 9. a third cylinder; 10. a through hole; 11. a second piston rod; 12. a second cylinder; 13. a fourth piston rod; 14. a first steel plate; 15. a second steel plate; 16. a third piston rod; 17. a rock-soil test piece; 18. a hydraulic oil pipeline; 19. a liquid level sensor.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the utility model provides a dual-shaft loading experimental device for a rock-soil material, which comprises an experimental bench 1, wherein the top of the experimental bench 1 is fixedly connected with an experimental box 5 which is relatively closed, the same horizontal plane on the experimental box 5 is provided with two groups of synchronous loading units, the loading directions of the two groups of synchronous loading units are vertically arranged and have the same structure, a rock-soil test piece 17 is positioned at the center of the two groups of synchronous loading units, a measuring unit is correspondingly arranged at the outer side of the top of the experimental box 5, the top of the experimental box 5 is detachably connected with a cover plate through a bolt, the measuring unit is positioned above the cover plate, the measuring end of the measuring unit is correspondingly arranged at the top surface of a rock-soil test piece 17, the bottom of the inner side of the experimental box 5 is communicated with a through hole 10, the experimental box 5 is filled with water or drained through the through hole 10, and a liquid level sensor 19 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the experimental box 5.

The main purpose of the through hole 10 is to add water into the closed experiment box 5 or to introduce moist air, soak or moisten the rock-soil test piece 17 under a certain pressure, load test the rock-soil test piece 17 with different humidity, and introduce hot air when necessary, so as to fully simulate the stress change in the actual environment; the open experiment box 5 is adopted, and the main function of the loading of the two groups of synchronous loading units is to load and test the rock and soil test piece 17 from two directions in a horizontal plane, so that the pressure on the peripheral side of the rock and soil test piece 17 is synchronously generated or disappeared, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved to a certain extent; the main function of the measuring unit is to acquire creep information of the top of the rock-soil test piece 17 through a measuring end; the main function of the liquid level sensor 19 is to acquire the water level change condition in the closed experiment box 5 so as to judge the water absorption capacity of the rock-soil test piece 17; overall, the method and the device can change the loading environment of the rock-soil test piece 17 and effectively ensure the stability of the loading process, namely, the creep rule and the damage state of the rock-soil test piece 17 are tested under complex conditions, and loading equipment is effectively combined with different rock-soil states.

Further optimizing scheme, synchronous loading unit includes second cylinder body 12 and third cylinder body 9 of fixed connection on experimental box 5 relative lateral wall, sliding connection is at the first loading portion of second cylinder body 12 one end, sliding connection is at the second loading portion of third cylinder body 9 one end, connect the drive division at the second cylinder body 12 other end and the third cylinder body 9 other end, drive division fixed connection is at the top surface of laboratory bench 1, first loading portion passes experimental box 5 lateral wall with the second loading portion respectively and is located experimental box 5, ground test piece 17 is located between first loading portion and the second loading portion.

The first loading part and the second loading part are synchronously started through the starting driving part, so that the first loading part and the second loading part in the two groups of synchronous loading units simultaneously press the rock and soil test piece 17, and the synchronous loading units perform experiments under the double-shaft loading condition.

Further optimizing scheme, first loading portion includes fourth piston rod 13, and the lateral wall of experimental box 5 is run through to the one end of fourth piston rod 13 and still sliding connection is inboard near the one end of experimental box 5 at second cylinder body 12, and the one end that experimental box 5 was kept away from to second cylinder body 12 corresponds the setting with drive portion, and the other end sliding connection of fourth piston rod 13 has first steel sheet 14, and first steel sheet 14 slides along the axle center vertical direction of fourth piston rod 13, and geotechnical test piece 17 is located one side that first steel sheet 14 kept away from fourth piston rod 13.

Further optimizing scheme, the second loading portion includes third piston rod 16, and the lateral wall of experimental box 5 is run through to the one end of third piston rod 16 and still sliding connection is inboard near the one end of experimental box 5 at third cylinder body 9, and the one end that experimental box 5 was kept away from to third cylinder body 9 corresponds the setting with drive portion, and the other end sliding connection of third piston rod 16 has second steel sheet 15, and second steel sheet 15 slides along the axle center vertical direction of third piston rod 16, and geotechnical test piece 17 is located the one side that third piston rod 16 was kept away from to second steel sheet 15.

Further optimizing scheme, the drive division includes fixed connection at the pneumatic cylinder 2 of laboratory bench 1 top surface, fixed connection is at the first piston rod 3 and the second piston rod 11 of the flexible end of pneumatic cylinder 2, fixed connection is near the first cylinder body 4 on the lateral wall of pneumatic cylinder 2 at laboratory box 5, fixed intercommunication is at the hydraulic oil pipeline 18 between first cylinder body 4 and third cylinder body 9, second piston rod 11 sliding connection is kept away from the one end inboard of laboratory box 5 at second cylinder body 12, first piston rod 3 sliding connection is kept away from the one end inboard of laboratory box 5 at first cylinder body 4, second piston rod 11 and pneumatic cylinder 2 parallel arrangement.

The hydraulic cylinder 2 in the initial state is in a contracted state, all the first steel plates 14 and the second steel plates 15 are not attached to the rock-soil test piece 17, the adjacent steel plates are connected in a sliding mode, namely, each steel plate slides on the loading surface of the adjacent steel plate (shown in fig. 2), after the rock-soil test piece 17 is soaked or subjected to moist air treatment, the hydraulic cylinder 2 is started to drive the first piston rod 3 and the second piston rod 11 to move towards the direction of the experimental box 5, and hydraulic oil in the first cylinder body 4, the second cylinder body 12 and the third cylinder body 9 simultaneously pushes the third piston rod 16 and the fourth piston rod 13 to move, so that the first steel plate 14 and the second steel plate 15 are pushed to approach the rock-soil test piece 17 until the surface of the rock-soil test piece 17 is attached; at this time, the cover plate at the top of the experiment box 5 is opened, the detection end of the measuring unit is contacted with the top surface of the rock-soil test piece 17, then the hydraulic cylinder 2 is continuously started, the rock-soil test piece 17 is kept under a certain pressure, and creep information is acquired through the measuring unit.

Further optimizing scheme, measuring element includes support assembly 6, and support assembly 6 fixed connection is in the lateral wall top of experimental box 5, and the inboard bottom fixedly connected with pressure sensor 8 of support assembly 6, pressure sensor 8's bottom fixedly connected with spring 7, the bottom of spring 7 corresponds the setting with the top surface of ground test piece 17.

When the bottom end of the spring 7 contacts the top surface of the rock-soil test piece 17, the pressure sensor 8 is adjusted to reach a zero state (the purpose of confirming the initial position), and when all the hydraulic cylinders 2 are started, the force generated by deformation of the rock-soil test piece 17 is transmitted to the pressure sensor 8 through the spring 7, so that the creep rule of the rock-soil test piece 17 is acquired.

In a further optimization scheme, the through hole 10 is communicated with a water pump, an air pump and a reservoir, and water is injected or discharged into the experiment box 5 through the through hole 10 and the water pump, so that certain pressure is maintained; or the air pump is used for introducing moist air into the through hole 10, the air temperature is changed when necessary, and certain pressure is maintained; experiments were performed under both conditions. The deformation state of the geotechnical test piece 17 under different conditions can be fully obtained.

According to a further optimization scheme, the pressure sensors 8 are fixedly connected to one sides, far away from the rock-soil test piece 17, of all the first steel plates 14 and the second steel plates 15, and the pressure change condition of the periphery of the rock-soil test piece 17 is obtained through the pressure sensors 8.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rock soil material biax loading experimental facilities which characterized in that: including laboratory bench (1), the top fixedly connected with relatively confined laboratory bench (5) of laboratory bench (1), the same horizontal plane on laboratory bench (5) is provided with two sets of synchronous loading units, two sets of synchronous loading unit loading direction sets up perpendicularly and still the structure is the same, and geotechnical test piece (17) are located two sets of synchronous loading unit's center, the top outside of laboratory bench (5) corresponds and is provided with measuring unit, the top of laboratory bench (5) can be dismantled through the bolt and be connected with the apron, measuring unit is located the top of apron, measuring unit's measuring end corresponds the top surface that sets up geotechnical test piece (17), the inboard bottom intercommunication of laboratory bench (5) has through-hole (10), laboratory bench (5) are through water injection or drain, fixedly connected with level sensor (19) on the inside wall of laboratory bench (5).

2. The geotechnical material biaxial loading experimental equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the synchronous loading unit comprises a second cylinder body (12) and a third cylinder body (9) which are fixedly connected to the opposite outer side walls of the experiment box (5), a first loading part which is connected to one end of the second cylinder body (12) in a sliding mode, a second loading part which is connected to one end of the third cylinder body (9) in a sliding mode, and a driving part which is connected to the other end of the second cylinder body (12) and the other end of the third cylinder body (9), wherein the driving part is fixedly connected to the top surface of the experiment table (1), the first loading part and the second loading part respectively penetrate through the side walls of the experiment box (5) and are located in the experiment box (5), and the rock and soil test piece (17) is located between the first loading part and the second loading part.

3. The geotechnical material biaxial loading experimental equipment according to claim 2, wherein: the first loading part comprises a fourth piston rod (13), one end of the fourth piston rod (13) penetrates through the side wall of the experiment box (5) and is further connected with the second cylinder body (12) in a sliding mode, the second cylinder body (12) is close to the inner side of one end of the experiment box (5), one end of the second cylinder body (12) away from the experiment box (5) is correspondingly arranged with the driving part, the other end of the fourth piston rod (13) is connected with a first steel plate (14) in a sliding mode, the first steel plate (14) slides along the axis vertical direction of the fourth piston rod (13), and the rock-soil test piece (17) is located on one side, away from the fourth piston rod (13), of the first steel plate (14).

4. A geotechnical material biaxial loading test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the second loading part comprises a third piston rod (16), one end of the third piston rod (16) penetrates through the side wall of the experiment box (5) and is further connected with the inner side of one end of the third cylinder body (9) close to the experiment box (5), one end of the third cylinder body (9) away from the experiment box (5) is correspondingly arranged with the driving part, the other end of the third piston rod (16) is connected with a second steel plate (15) in a sliding mode, the second steel plate (15) slides along the axis vertical direction of the third piston rod (16), and the rock-soil test piece (17) is located on one side of the second steel plate (15) away from the third piston rod (16).

5. The geotechnical material biaxial loading test equipment according to claim 4, wherein: the drive part comprises a hydraulic cylinder (2) fixedly connected to the top surface of the experiment table (1), a first piston rod (3) and a second piston rod (11) fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (2), a first cylinder body (4) fixedly connected to the experiment box (5) and close to one side wall of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and a hydraulic oil pipeline (18) fixedly communicated between the first cylinder body (4) and the third cylinder body (9), wherein the second piston rod (11) is slidably connected to the inner side of one end, far away from the experiment box (5), of the second cylinder body (12), the first piston rod (3) is slidably connected to the inner side of one end, far away from the experiment box (5), of the first cylinder body (4), and the second piston rod (11) are arranged in parallel to the hydraulic cylinder (2).

6. The geotechnical material biaxial loading experimental equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring unit comprises a support assembly (6), the support assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the side wall of the experimental box (5), a pressure sensor (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the support assembly (6), a spring (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the pressure sensor (8), and the bottom end of the spring (7) is correspondingly arranged on the top surface of the rock-soil test piece (17).