CN219304531U - Dual-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with same - Google Patents
Dual-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN219304531U CN219304531U CN202223477830.2U CN202223477830U CN219304531U CN 219304531 U CN219304531 U CN 219304531U CN 202223477830 U CN202223477830 U CN 202223477830U CN 219304531 U CN219304531 U CN 219304531U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a double-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with the same, comprising a battery power supply, a direct current power supply and a load unit, wherein the voltage of the battery power supply is lower than that of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the battery power supply is grounded, and the double-power supply switching circuit is characterized in that: the positive electrode of the battery power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the first diode and the positive electrode of the second diode, the negative electrode of the first diode is used as the positive electrode output end of the circuit to be connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the load unit and the negative electrode of the third diode, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the load unit and the input end of the switch unit, and the output end of the switch unit is grounded. The utility model avoids the problem that the battery can continuously discharge the load unit at low voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a double-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with the same.
Background
Dual power refers to having two power supplies, which may be the same or different. The different power supplies may be one solar panel and one battery. Devices having solar panels may be referred to as solar devices. The solar power plant is a plant that generates electricity using a solar panel and operates using the electricity. The solar energy device is particularly suitable for the field of outdoor illumination, and can supplement electric energy through solar energy generation, so that the endurance time of the device is greatly prolonged. However, a significant disadvantage of solar energy devices is the inability to obtain solar energy during the night. In order to realize the operation of the solar energy device at night, an additional power supply is needed to supply power, so the solar energy device is generally a dual-power supply device. The additional power source is typically a storage battery or a battery. The storage battery needs energy storage and charge and discharge control, is high in cost, is generally used on equipment with high energy consumption, and realizes night power supply by storing solar energy in the daytime. The battery is generally used on equipment with lower energy consumption, and is complemented with solar power generation, so that the electric quantity of the solar cell panel is used in daytime, and the electric quantity of the battery is used at night, thereby realizing long-time work of the equipment.
In a dual power supply apparatus having a battery and a solar panel, power supply control is required in order to achieve preferential power supply and uninterrupted power supply of the solar panel. The common power supply control circuit is shown in fig. 1, so that when the solar panel is powered on, the voltage of the solar panel is larger than the voltage of the battery, the diode connected with the solar panel is conducted, and the diode connected with the battery is cut off, so that the power supply of the solar panel is realized. When the solar panel is powered off, the diode connected with the solar energy is turned off, and the diode connected with the battery is turned on, so that the power supply of the battery is realized. The structure is very simple and has no problem during normal use. However, when the battery is in a dead state, namely a low voltage state, and when the solar panel is in a dead state at night, the battery voltage is too low, and the chip of the load unit is powered off for protection because the voltage is lower than the normal working voltage, namely the load unit does not work. However, the battery is directly connected with the diode, and then the battery still provides electricity to the load unit, which can cause continuous discharge of the battery and damage of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dual-power switching circuit and a solar device with the same, which can detect and control the low voltage of the battery, and solve the problem that the battery can continuously discharge the load unit when the voltage is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a dual-power switching circuit, which comprises a battery power supply, a dc power supply and a load unit, wherein the voltage of the battery power supply is lower than that of the dc power supply, the negative electrode of the battery power supply is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery power supply is connected with the positive electrode of a first diode and the positive electrode of a second diode, the negative electrode of the first diode is used as the positive electrode output end of the circuit to be connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the load unit and the negative electrode of a third diode, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected with the positive electrode of the dc power supply, the negative electrode of the dc power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the load unit and the input end of a switch unit, the output end of the switch unit is grounded, the control end of the switch unit is connected with the output end of a voltage detection chip, the ground end of the voltage detection chip is grounded, and the input end of the voltage detection chip is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode.
Further, the voltage detection circuit further comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage detection chip and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
Further, the circuit further comprises a fourth diode, wherein the positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected with the input end of the switch unit, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode is connected with the output end of the switch unit.
Further, the switch unit is a transistor, a gate of the transistor is connected with an output end of the voltage detection chip, a drain of the transistor is connected with a power supply negative electrode of the load unit, and a source of the transistor is grounded.
Further, the transistor is a MOS transistor.
Further, the battery power supply is a dry battery or the direct current power supply is a solar panel.
Further, the load unit is a single chip microcomputer.
The utility model provides solar equipment with a double-power-supply switching circuit, which comprises a battery power supply, a solar panel and the double-power-supply switching circuit, wherein the battery power supply and the solar panel are connected with the double-power-supply switching circuit, and the double-power-supply switching circuit is any one of the double-power-supply switching circuits in the embodiment of the utility model.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme is characterized in that when the direct current power supply is powered, the third diode is loaded to the two ends of the load unit to supply power. And the battery power supply can not supply power because the voltage of the direct current power supply is higher. When the direct current power supply is not powered, the voltage detection chip is used for detecting the voltage of the battery power supply, when the voltage of the battery power supply is normal, namely, the voltage is higher, the voltage detection chip outputs a control signal to the switch unit, the input end and the output end of the switch unit are connected, the power supply cathode of the load unit is connected with the battery cathode, and at the moment, the current of the battery power supply passes through the first diode to the circuit voltage output end to the positive electrode of the load unit, so that normal output is realized. When the voltage of the battery power supply is too low, the voltage detection chip does not output a control signal to the switch unit, the switch unit is closed, the negative electrode of the load unit is disconnected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the positive electrode of the battery power supply cannot form a loop through the first diode, and power cannot be supplied. That is, when the voltage of the battery power supply is relatively low, power is not supplied to the load unit, and the problem of power supply at low voltage is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery and solar panel circuit as described in the background;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a disclosed embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a load unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical content, constructional features, achieved objects and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following description is made in connection with the specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they particularly limited to independence or relevance from other embodiments. In principle, in the present application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments may be combined in any manner to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains; the use of related terms herein is for the description of specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, the term "and/or" is a representation for describing a logical relationship between objects, which means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, representing: there are three cases, a, B, and both a and B. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front-to-back associated object is an "or" logical relationship.
In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual number, order, or sequence of such entities or operations.
Without further limitation, the use of the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or other like terms in this application is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or article of manufacture that comprises a list of elements does not include additional elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or article of manufacture.
As in the understanding of the "examination guideline," the expressions "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", and the like are understood to exclude the present number in this application; the expressions "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include this number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more (including two), and similarly, the expression "a plurality of" is also to be understood as such, for example, "a plurality of groups", "a plurality of" and the like, unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, spatially relative terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counter-clockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc., are used herein as terms of orientation or positional relationship based on the specific embodiments or figures, and are merely for convenience of description of the specific embodiments of the present application or ease of understanding of the reader, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a particular position, a particular orientation, or be configured or operated in a particular orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limiting of the embodiments of the present application.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "affixed," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the "connection" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral arrangement; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; which may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the present utility model provides a dual-power switching circuit, and fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram structure with the simplest structure, including a battery power supply BT3, a dc power supply 5V and a load unit, where the voltage of the battery power supply is lower than that of the dc power supply, the battery power supply BT3 is a battery for providing power, and the dc power supply 5V may be a solar panel or other auxiliary dc power sources, such as a wind power generator, a dc energy storage power source, etc. The 5V in the present utility model is provided only as a voltage reference and as an identification, and is not necessarily limited to 5V. The negative pole of battery power supply BT3 is grounded, the positive pole of battery power supply BT3 is connected with the positive pole of first diode D5 and the positive pole of second diode D6, the negative pole of first diode D5 is as the positive pole output VBAT_OUT of circuit and is connected with the positive pole of the power of load unit and the negative pole of third diode D8, the positive pole of third diode D8 is connected with the positive pole of direct current power supply 5V, the negative pole GND1 of direct current power supply is connected with the power negative pole of load unit and the input of switch unit Q9, the output ground of switch unit Q9, the control end of switch unit Q9 is connected with the output of voltage detection chip LOW_BAT (the chip can be the voltage detection chip of three pins, the model can be HT 7039A-1), the ground connection of voltage detection chip, the input of voltage detection chip is connected with the negative pole of second diode D6.
It should be noted that, generally, the voltage of the dc power supply 5V will be higher than the voltage of the battery power supply (for example, may be 4.5-4.8V). When the direct current power supply 5V is powered, the current of the direct current power supply 5V flows to the circuit voltage output end vbat_out through the third diode D8, the circuit voltage output end vbat_out is connected with the power supply positive electrode of the following load unit, and the power supply negative electrode of the load unit is directly connected with the negative electrode GND1 of the direct current power supply. So that the dc power supply supplies power to the load unit. Even if the switch unit is on at this time, GND1 and the battery power supply are grounded together, and since the voltage of the dc power supply 5V is higher than that of the battery power supply, the current of the battery power supply will not flow to the circuit voltage output terminal vbat_out, so as to realize power supply of the dc power supply 5V. When the direct current power supply 5V is not powered, the voltage detection chip LOW_BAT detects the voltage of the battery power supply, when the voltage of the battery power supply is normal, namely, the voltage is higher, the voltage detection chip LOW_BAT outputs a control signal to the switch unit Q9, the switch unit Q9 is conducted, the negative electrode of the battery power supply is communicated with the power supply negative electrode of the load unit, and the current of the battery power supply passes through the first diode to the circuit voltage output end VBAT_OUT, so that the normal output of the battery power supply is realized. When the voltage of the battery power supply is too LOW, the voltage detection chip LOW_BAT does not output a control signal to the switch unit Q9, the switch unit Q9 is closed, the negative electrode of the load unit is disconnected with the negative electrode of the battery power supply, the positive electrode of the battery power supply cannot form a loop through the first diode, and power supply cannot be performed. That is, when the voltage of the battery power supply is relatively low, power is not supplied to the load unit, and the problem of power supply at low voltage is avoided.
The voltage detection chip is connected to a battery power supply, and consumes a small amount of power (uA level). The voltage detection chip only plays a role in detection, the power consumption is very low, and compared with the prior diode and the load unit which are directly connected, the voltage detection chip has very large gap, so that the purpose that the battery is low in electric quantity and does not supply power externally can be realized, and the battery is not damaged due to overdischarge of the battery.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a more complete circuit diagram structure, and further includes a first resistor R35 and a second resistor R36, where one end of the first resistor R35 is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D6, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the voltage detection chip and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded. The voltage division of the output of the battery power supply is realized through the first resistor R35 and the second resistor R36, so that the switch unit can be driven to be opened even when the voltage detection chip fails, and power supply is realized. Of course, the resistance values of the first resistor R35 and the second resistor R36 are larger, such as megaohm level, so as to avoid power consumption. Meanwhile, the ratio of the first resistor R35 to the second resistor R36 is required to enable the voltage between the first resistor R35 and the second resistor R36 to be smaller than the output voltage of the voltage detection chip, so that the normal control of the voltage detection chip can be realized.
Further, the circuit further comprises a fourth diode D7, wherein the positive electrode of the fourth diode D7 is connected with the input end of the switch unit, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode is connected with the output end of the switch unit. Therefore, when the battery is low in voltage and the direct current power supply is electrified, the negative electrode GND1 of the direct current power supply can be connected through the fourth diode, so that a voltage difference is formed between the first diode and the third diode, and the situation that the direct current power supply charges the battery is avoided.
The present utility model is not limited to a specific form of the switching unit as long as the on and off of the input terminal and the output terminal can be achieved, and it is preferable that the power consumption is small. That is, preferably, the switching unit is a transistor Q9, a gate of the transistor is connected to an output terminal of the voltage detection chip, a drain of the transistor is connected to a power supply negative electrode of the load unit, and a source of the transistor is grounded. Furthermore, the transistor is an MOS tube, and the current is smaller when the MOS tube is conducted, so that the power consumption of the conducted MOS tube can be saved as much as possible, and the service time of a battery power supply is prolonged.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the battery power supply is a dry battery (may be three dry batteries) or the dc power supply is a solar panel. The utility model can realize the discharge protection of the dry battery and also realize the discharge protection of the battery of the solar energy equipment.
The utility model is not limited to the structure of the load unit, and the load unit at the rear end only needs to use the electric energy of the circuit voltage output end VBAT_OUT. In some embodiments, as an illustration, the load unit may be as shown in fig. 5, and includes a single chip microcomputer chip with WIFI wireless transmission (such as a chip model ESP 8266) and a temperature-sensitive resistor voltage dividing circuit (formed by a resistor R12 and a resistor RC), when the battery power supply has a higher voltage, the circuit voltage output terminal vbat_out outputs electric energy to the MCU, the MCU can achieve that the MCU can obtain the temperature through the temperature-sensitive resistor voltage dividing circuit and then send OUT the temperature through wireless transmission, then the battery is powered down to a lower voltage, and the MCU directly shuts down the electric energy. The problem that the load unit continues to consume power when the battery power supply voltage is low is avoided.
The utility model provides solar equipment with a double-power-supply switching circuit, which can be shown in fig. 4 and comprises a battery power supply BT3, a direct-current power supply 5V and the double-power-supply switching circuit, wherein the battery power supply BT3 and the direct-current power supply 5V are connected with the double-power-supply switching circuit, the direct-current power supply 5V is a solar panel, and the double-power-supply switching circuit is any one of the double-power-supply switching circuits in the embodiment of the utility model. By means of the dual-power supply switching circuit, the power supply can be turned on when the battery voltage is high, and turned off when the battery voltage is low. That is, when the voltage of the battery power supply is relatively low, power is not supplied to the load unit, and the problem of power supply at low voltage is avoided.
It should be noted that, although the foregoing embodiments have been described herein, the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present utility model, alterations and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by the present description and drawings, apply the above technical solutions directly or indirectly to other relevant technical fields, all of which are included in the scope of protection of the present patent.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a two power supply switching circuit, includes battery power supply, direct current power supply and load unit, battery power supply's voltage is less than direct current power supply, battery power supply's negative pole ground connection, its characterized in that: the positive pole of battery power supply is connected with the positive pole of first diode and the positive pole of second diode, the negative pole of first diode is as the positive pole output of circuit and is connected with the power positive pole of load cell and the negative pole of third diode, the positive pole of third diode with direct current power supply's positive pole is connected, direct current power supply's negative pole is connected with load cell's power negative pole and switch element's input, switch element's output ground connection, switch element's control end is connected with the output of voltage detection chip, voltage detection chip's ground connection, voltage detection chip's input with the negative pole of second diode is connected.
2. A dual supply switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage detection circuit further comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage detection chip and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.
3. A dual supply switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the circuit further comprises a fourth diode, wherein the positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected with the input end of the switch unit, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode is connected with the output end of the switch unit.
4. A dual supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the switching unit is a transistor, the grid electrode of the transistor is connected with the output end of the voltage detection chip, the drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the power supply cathode of the load unit, and the source electrode of the transistor is grounded.
5. The dual supply switching circuit of claim 4, wherein: the transistor is a MOS transistor.
6. A dual supply switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the battery power supply is a dry battery or the direct current power supply is a solar panel.
7. A dual supply switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the load unit is a singlechip.
8. A solar device with dual power switching circuits, characterized in that: the solar panel and the solar power supply are connected with the dual-power supply switching circuit, and the dual-power supply switching circuit is any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223477830.2U CN219304531U (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | Dual-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223477830.2U CN219304531U (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | Dual-power supply switching circuit and solar equipment with same |
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| CN219304531U true CN219304531U (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117526543A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 成都汉度科技有限公司 | Power supply system adopting solar panel and battery dual power supply |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117526543A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 成都汉度科技有限公司 | Power supply system adopting solar panel and battery dual power supply |
| CN117526543B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-22 | 成都汉度科技有限公司 | Power supply system adopting solar panel and battery dual power supply |
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Address after: 350007 3rd and 4th Floor, No. 2 Factory Building, No. 71 Yangqi Road, Gaishan Town, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China Patentee after: Fujian Tiancheng Baode Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 350007 3rd and 4th Floor, No. 2 Factory Building, No. 71 Yangqi Road, Gaishan Town, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China Patentee before: FUJIAN TIANCHENG BAODE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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