CN102629825A - Circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using single inductor - Google Patents
Circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using single inductor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102629825A CN102629825A CN2012101276166A CN201210127616A CN102629825A CN 102629825 A CN102629825 A CN 102629825A CN 2012101276166 A CN2012101276166 A CN 2012101276166A CN 201210127616 A CN201210127616 A CN 201210127616A CN 102629825 A CN102629825 A CN 102629825A
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Abstract
A circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using a single inductor, relates to a standby power supply and compromises three ports connected to external parts, four MOS field effect transistors M1, M2, M3 and M4, one inductor L, three capacitors C1, C2 and Cout, one current sampling resistor Rs and seven nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 3 and 7; the 3 ports connected to external parts are input port Vin, output port Vout and BAT port, the input port Vin being connected with an external adapter or an output end of a USB, the output port Vout being connected with a power supply input end of external electric equipment and the BAT port being connected externally with the anode of a rechargeable battery. The M1 can be substituted by a diode. The circuit structure provided in the invention overcomes the disadvantages of low linear charge efficiency, incapability of realizing quick charging, high manufacturing cost of the system board of a standby power supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stand-by power supply, especially relate to the single inductance of a kind of usefulness and realize synchronous buck charging and the circuit framework that boosts and supply power.
Background technology
In portable product, give mobile power supply equipment like all indispensable chargeable lithium ion battery of use or ferric phosphate lithium cells such as the LED mine lamps in mobile phone, palmtop PC, mobile multimedia equipment, handheld medical equipment, handheld test instrument, the colliery.
Although these portable sets mostly adopt higher lithium ion battery of unit volume, Unit Weight energy density or ferric phosphate lithium cell to give mobile power supply equipment.But the corresponding increase of increase power consumption meeting along with these mobile product functions; In addition; For satisfying the consumer to the attractive in appearance of some portable product and miniaturization requirement; Some portable product can not adopt volume, powered battery (iPad of typical products such as apple and iPhone etc.) that capacity is bigger again, and this certainly will shorten the cruising time of battery greatly.
For tackling this challenge; Great majority use the consumer of apple iPad and iPhone product be equipped with " back-up source " equipment of a kind of set battery, battery charge, battery powered miniaturization in addition all can for the equipment of oneself; So that when the battery electric quantity in portable product will approach exhaustion, use " back-up source " to supply power to portable product.
Existing " back-up source " system has following two kinds of circuit frameworks usually:
1. high precision operating amplifier OP1, detection and demonstration battery electric quantity that is detected by linear-charging IC, the IC that boosts, output short-circuit and the MCU that controls each circuit unit collaborative work form.See shown in Figure 6.
But obviously there is following drawback:
is owing to adopt the linear-charging mode; Charge efficiency is low, can't realize quick charge.
2. high precision operating amplifier, detection and demonstration battery electric quantity that is detected by switch step-down charging IC, booster power Management IC, output short-circuit and the MCU that controls each circuit unit collaborative work form.See shown in Figure 7.
Although adopted synchronous buck charging IC in order to overcome the inefficient problem of linear-charging mode, need two inductance, it is expensive and can't realize miniaturization still can't to overcome the system board manufacturing expense of above-mentioned " back-up source " " drawback.
About the basic theories of step down switching regulator (BUCK topology) and booster switcher power supply (BOOST topology) can be referring to Switching Power Supplies Ato Z one book of [U.S.A] Sanjaya Maniktala work volume.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to existing charge efficiency in the above-mentioned existing backup power system lowly or the system board manufacturing expense expensive and can't realize the drawback of miniaturization, provide the single inductance of a kind of usefulness to realize the circuit framework of synchronous buck charging and the power supply of boosting.
The 1st technical scheme of the present invention is:
The present invention is provided with 3 ports that are connected with the outside, 4 MOS field effect transistor M
1, M
2, M
3, M
4, 1 inductance L, 3 capacitor C
1, C
2, C
Out, 1 current sampling resistor R
sWith 7 nodes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7;
Said 3 is input port V with the outside port that is connected
In, output port V
OutWith the BAT port, said input port V
InLink to each other said output port V with the output of external adapter or USB
OutLink to each other the positive pole of the external rechargeable battery of said BAT port with the power supply input of external electric equipment;
The drain electrode of said MOS field effect transistor M 1 connects node 5, the MOS field effect transistor M
1Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
1Grid meet node G
1, said node G
1External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
2Drain electrode connect node 7, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Grid meet node G
2, said node G
2External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
3Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
3Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
3The grid external control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
4Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
4Source electrode connect node 4, the MOS field effect transistor M
4The grid external control circuit;
At node 1 and node G
1Between be provided with resistance R
1, at node 1 and node G
2Between be provided with resistance R
2
Said current sampling resistor R
sTwo ends link to each other with node 6 with node 3 respectively;
Said capacitor C
1Positive pole connect node 1, capacitor C
1Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
2Positive pole connect node 3, capacitor C
2Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
OutPositive terminated nodes 7, capacitor C
OutNegative terminal connect node 4;
The two ends of said inductance L connect node 2 and node 3 respectively.
The 2nd technical scheme of the present invention is:
The present invention is provided with 3 ports that are connected with the outside, diode D0,3 MOS field effect transistor M
2, M
3, M
4, 1 inductance L, 3 capacitor C
1, C
2, C
Out, 1 current sampling resistor R
sWith 7 nodes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7;
Said 3 is input port V with the outside port that is connected
In, output port V
OutWith the BAT port, said input port V
InLink to each other said output port V with the output of external adapter or USB
OutLink to each other the positive pole of the external rechargeable battery of said BAT port with the power supply input of external electric equipment;
The positive pole of said diode D0 meets input port Vin, and the negative pole of diode D0 connects node 1;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
2Drain electrode connect node 7, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Grid meet node G
2, said node G
2External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
3Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
3Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
3The grid external control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
4Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
4Source electrode connect node 4, the MOS field effect transistor M
4The grid external control circuit;
At node 1 and node G
2Between be provided with resistance R
2
Said current sampling resistor R
sTwo ends link to each other with node 6 with node 3 respectively;
Said capacitor C
1Positive pole connect node 1, capacitor C
1Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
2Positive pole connect node 3, capacitor C
2Negative pole connect node 4;
The positive terminated nodes 7 of said capacitor C out, the negative terminal of capacitor C out connects node 4;
The two ends of said inductance L connect node 2 and node 3 respectively.
The present invention has overcome that linear-charging efficient is low, the system board manufacturing expense that can't realize quick charge and " back-up source " expensive and can't realize the drawback of miniaturization.
Wherein MOS field effect transistor M 1 has two effects in circuit framework:
1. when outside control IC detected system input voltage is arranged, control IC can be opened M1 automatically, with being communicated with (seeing shown in Figure 2) between node 5 and the node 1, system was in wait for charged state or just in charged state.
2. when outside control IC detects system and does not have input voltage; Control IC can be closed M1 automatically; With breaking off (seeing shown in Figure 4) between node 5 and the node 1, wait for pressure-increasning state or, prevent the anti-input that is poured into of electric current in the battery just at pressure-increasning state so that system is in.
3. since diode have automatic forward conduction oppositely by function, therefore adopt diode replace MOS field effect transistor M 1 and resistance R 1 also can accomplish above-mentioned 1., 2. said function (seeing shown in Figure 5).Adopt this method, its benefit is the pin that outside control IC can reduce control M1 shutoff and conducting at least, but the drawback of bringing is that diode D1 can consume too much power consumption in charging process, reduces charge efficiency.
The effect of MOS field effect transistor M 2:
1. under the situation of no input voltage; When the control IC of outside detects system output loading is arranged; Control IC can be opened M2 automatically; With being communicated with (seeing shown in Figure 4) between node 1 and the node 7, system is in wait for the synchronous boost state or just is at the synchronous boost state, battery is supplied power to output loading.
2. under the situation of no input voltage, when the control IC of outside detected system's no-output load, control IC can be turn-offed M2 automatically, with disconnection (seeing shown in Figure 2) between node 1 and the node 7, and turn-offed metal-oxide-semiconductor M3, M4 simultaneously.To reduce the consumption of system to the energy content of battery.
The effect of MOS field effect transistor M 3, M4:
1. under the situation of no input voltage, battery BAT, metal-oxide-semiconductor M3, M4, energy storage inductor L, sampling resistor Rs, filter capacitor C2 and Cout have formed the synchronous boost framework.External control IC with the particular switch frequency is driving metal-oxide-semiconductor M3, M4 alternate conduction and shutoff, in circuit, plays the synchro switch effect.
Energy storage inductor L, filter capacitor C2, Cout, the effect of current sampling resistor Rs:
1. under the synchronous buck charge mode, energy storage inductor L, filter capacitor C2 can form the Passive LC filter.
2. under the synchronous boost powering mode, energy storage inductor L, filter capacitor Cout can form the Passive LC filter.
3. no matter be at the synchronous buck charge mode or at the synchronous boost powering mode, outside control IC all is to come the electric current of control flows in energy storage inductor through the electric current that detection is flowed through on the sampling resistor Rs.
The present invention can be widely applied in back-up sources such as portable product such as smart mobile phone, palmtop PC, mobile multimedia equipment, handheld medical equipment, handheld test instrument (or claiming portable power source) equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the circuit of the embodiment of the invention is formed sketch map.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the invention can realize synchronous buck charge function equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the invention can realize the synchronous buck charging simultaneously and give Vout output loading power supply equivalent circuit diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the invention can realize that synchronous boost gives output loading Vout power supply equivalent circuit diagram by battery BAT.
Fig. 5 is synchronous buck charging, the synchronous boost framework circuit diagram that replaces M1 and R1 to realize with diode D0.
Fig. 6 is existing back-up source linear-charging scheme simplified electrical circuit diagram.
Fig. 7 is existing back-up source switched charge scheme simplified electrical circuit diagram.
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the invention uses the Xiamen to manage the typical application circuit figure of special-purpose control IC in backup power system of sincere semiconductor Science and Technology Ltd. design.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention be provided with 3 with the outside ports that are connected, 4 MOS field effect transistor M 1, M2, M3, M4,1 inductance L, 3 capacitor C 1, C2, Cout, 1 current sampling resistor Rs and 7 nodes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7.
Said 3 is input port Vin (being node 5), output port Vout (being node 7) and BAT port (being node 6) with the outside port that is connected; Said input port Vin links to each other with the output of external adapter or USB; Said output port Vout links to each other the positive pole of the external rechargeable battery of said BAT port with the power supply input of external electric equipment.
The drain electrode of said MOS field effect transistor M 1 connects node 5, and the source electrode of MOS field effect transistor M 1 connects node 1, and the grid of MOS field effect transistor M 1 meets node G1, said node G1 external control circuit.
The drain electrode of said MOS field effect transistor M 2 connects node 7, and the source electrode of MOS field effect transistor M 2 connects node 1, and the grid of MOS field effect transistor M 2 meets node G2, said node G2 external control circuit.
The drain electrode of said MOS field effect transistor M 3 connects node 2, and the source electrode of MOS field effect transistor M 3 connects node 1, the grid external control circuit of MOS field effect transistor M 3.
The drain electrode of said MOS field effect transistor M 4 connects node 2, and the source electrode of MOS field effect transistor M 4 connects node 4, the grid external control circuit of MOS field effect transistor M 4.
Between node 1 and node G1, be provided with resistance R 1, between node 1 and node G2, be provided with resistance R 2.
The two ends of said current sampling resistor Rs link to each other with node 6 with node 3 respectively.
The positive pole of said capacitor C 1 connects node 1, and the negative pole of capacitor C 1 connects node 4.
The positive pole of said capacitor C 2 connects node 3, and the negative pole of capacitor C 2 connects node 4.
The positive terminated nodes 7 of said capacitor C out, the negative terminal of capacitor C out connects node 4.
The two ends of said inductance L connect node 2 and node 3 respectively.
In Fig. 1, node 4 ground connection.
Said MOS field effect transistor M 1 can be used as switch with M2 and uses in circuit.When input port Vin applies direct voltage and M1 conducting M2 and breaks off, MOS field effect transistor M 3, M4, inductance L, capacitor C 2, current sampling resistor Rs can constitute with outside control IC that the synchronous buck circuit is high efficiency gives battery BAT charging by Vin.Realize that synchronous buck charge function equivalent circuit diagram is referring to Fig. 2.In Fig. 2, arrow refers to the power transfer direction, and the device that surrounds in the line is formed the synchronous buck circuit framework.
When input port Vin applied direct voltage and MOS field effect transistor M 1, M2 conducting simultaneously, the synchronous buck circuit framework of formation can be given battery BAT charging and directly supplied power to output loading Vout through the MOS field effect transistor M 2 of conducting by Vin.Can realize the synchronous buck charging simultaneously and give Vout output loading power supply equivalent circuit diagram as shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, arrow refers to the power transfer direction, and the device that surrounds in the line is formed the synchronous buck circuit framework.
When input port Vin does not have that direct voltage and MOS field effect transistor M 1 broken off, during 2 conductings of MOS field effect transistor M; By the battery BAT that plays input action; Current sampling resistor Rs; Inductance L, MOS field effect transistor M 3, M4, output capacitance Cout and outside control IC can constitute the high efficiency output loading Vout of the giving power supply of synchronous voltage booster circuit.When input port Vin no-voltage, the synchronous voltage booster circuit of composition gives output loading Vout power supply equivalent circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4 by battery BAT, and in Fig. 4, arrow refers to the power transfer direction, and the device that surrounds in the line is formed the synchronous voltage booster circuit framework.
MOS field effect transistor M 1 in Fig. 1 can be by forward conduction, and the diode D1 that oppositely ends replaces, and is as shown in Figure 5 with synchronous buck charging, synchronous boost power supply circuit that diode D0 replaces M1 to realize.
Although replace MOS transistor M1 can realize above-mentioned functions,, therefore when charging for battery BAT, can reduce system effectiveness because the forward voltage drop of diode is more much higher than the VDS value of the MOS field-effect transistor of conducting usually with diode D1.Under typical 2A input current, even if the D1 among Fig. 5 uses expensive Schottky diode, its forward voltage drop minimum value generally also can be greater than 300mV, can be less than 20mV and be in the source-drain voltage VDS minimum value of the MOS field-effect transistor of linear zone conducting.
Described external control IC can adopt the Xiamen to manage a control IC of sincere semiconductor Science and Technology Ltd. to the design of portable power source system applies, and model is RS8175, and integrated circuit Butut patent protection model is M5175.
This control IC has following characteristic:
■ input voltage vin=5～10V.
The built-in high accuracy rail-to-rail of ■ current sample amplifier.
Built-in input overvoltage protection of ■ and output loading current-limiting function.
■ battery float precision ± 1%.
■ output accuracy ± 1% that boosts.
■ step-down charge efficiency is up to 95% and boost power supplying efficiency up to 90%.
Quiescent current was less than 30 μ A when the ■ system slept.
■ built-in dynamic Trail management function.
The ■ internal resistance of cell is followed the tracks of compensation and electric quantity indication function.
The ■ battery temperature detects and battery fills function again.
Unloaded and the unloaded measuring ability of battery of ■ output.
■ input power supply power-fail detects and automatic boost function.
The ■ step-down and the soft start function that boosts.
Claims (2)
1. realize synchronous buck charging and the circuit framework that boosts and supply power with single inductance, it is characterized in that being provided with 3 ports that are connected with the outside, 4 MOS field effect transistor M
1, M
2, M
3, M
4, 1 inductance L, 3 capacitor C
1, C
2, C
Out, 1 current sampling resistor R
sWith 7 nodes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7;
Said 3 is input port V with the outside port that is connected
In, output port V
OutWith the BAT port, said input port V
InLink to each other said output port V with the output of external adapter or USB
OutLink to each other the positive pole of the external rechargeable battery of said BAT port with the power supply input of external electric equipment;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
1Drain electrode connect node 5, the MOS field effect transistor M
1Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
1Grid meet node G
1, said node G
1External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
2Drain electrode connect node 7, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Grid meet node G
2, said node G
2External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
3Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
3Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
3The grid external control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
4Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
4Source electrode connect node 4, the MOS field effect transistor M
4The grid external control circuit;
At node 1 and node G
1Between be provided with resistance R
1, at node 1 and node G
2Between be provided with resistance R
2
Said current sampling resistor R
sTwo ends link to each other with node 6 with node 3 respectively;
Said capacitor C
1Positive pole connect node 1, capacitor C
1Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
2Positive pole connect node 3, capacitor C
2Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
OutPositive terminated nodes 7, capacitor C
OutNegative terminal connect node 4;
The two ends of said inductance L connect node 2 and node 3 respectively.
2. realize synchronous buck charging and the circuit framework that boosts and supply power with single inductance, it is characterized in that being provided with 3 ports that are connected with the outside, 1 diode D0,3 MOS field effect transistor M
2, M
3, M
4, 1 inductance L, 3 capacitor C
1, C
2, C
Out, 1 current sampling resistor R
sWith 7 nodes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7;
Said 3 is input port V with the outside port that is connected
In, output port V
OutWith the BAT port, said input port V
InLink to each other said output port V with the output of external adapter or USB
OutLink to each other the positive pole of the external rechargeable battery of said BAT port with the power supply input of external electric equipment;
The positive pole of said diode D0 meets input port V
In, the negative pole of diode D0 connects node 1;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
2Drain electrode connect node 7, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
2Grid meet node G
2, said node G
2External control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
3Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
3Source electrode connect node 1, the MOS field effect transistor M
3The grid external control circuit;
Said MOS field effect transistor M
4Drain electrode connect node 2, the MOS field effect transistor M
4Source electrode connect node 4, the MOS field effect transistor M
4The grid external control circuit;
At node 1 and node G
2Between be provided with resistance R
2
Said current sampling resistor R
sTwo ends link to each other with node 6 with node 3 respectively;
Said capacitor C
1Positive pole connect node 1, capacitor C
1Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
2Positive pole connect node 3, capacitor C
2Negative pole connect node 4;
Said capacitor C
OutPositive terminated nodes 7, capacitor C
OutNegative terminal connect node 4;
The two ends of said inductance L connect node 2 and node 3 respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101276166A CN102629825A (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2012-04-26 | Circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using single inductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101276166A CN102629825A (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2012-04-26 | Circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using single inductor |
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| CN102629825A true CN102629825A (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101276166A Pending CN102629825A (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2012-04-26 | Circuit structure of realizing synchronous buck-type charging and boost-type power supply by using single inductor |
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| CN105471049A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-04-06 | 深圳市赛音微电子有限公司 | Charging circuit |
| WO2016170184A1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | A three-port direct current converter |
| CN106787727A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-31 | 北京鸿智电通科技有限公司 | A kind of power path management circuit for being applied to charging quickly source |
| CN108063551A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-22 | 上海传英信息技术有限公司 | Trigger circuit and charging equipment |
| CN110120743A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-13 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Method of supplying power to |
| CN110635689A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-31 | 四川甘华电源科技有限公司 | Airborne miniaturized power failure holding module and working method thereof |
| JP2020074673A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2020-05-14 | アップル インコーポレイテッドＡｐｐｌｅ Ｉｎｃ． | Multi-phase battery charging using boost bypass |
| CN111953209A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-17 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Switch type converter and control circuit and control method thereof |
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| JP2020074673A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2020-05-14 | アップル インコーポレイテッドＡｐｐｌｅ Ｉｎｃ． | Multi-phase battery charging using boost bypass |
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| CN106787727A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-31 | 北京鸿智电通科技有限公司 | A kind of power path management circuit for being applied to charging quickly source |
| CN108063551A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-22 | 上海传英信息技术有限公司 | Trigger circuit and charging equipment |
| CN110120743A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-13 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Method of supplying power to |
| CN110120743B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-06-19 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Power supply method |
| CN110635689A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-31 | 四川甘华电源科技有限公司 | Airborne miniaturized power failure holding module and working method thereof |
| CN111953209A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-17 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Switch type converter and control circuit and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120808 |