CN219287200U - Power-off protection device of absolute value encoder - Google Patents
Power-off protection device of absolute value encoder Download PDFInfo
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- CN219287200U CN219287200U CN202223318623.2U CN202223318623U CN219287200U CN 219287200 U CN219287200 U CN 219287200U CN 202223318623 U CN202223318623 U CN 202223318623U CN 219287200 U CN219287200 U CN 219287200U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of industrial control, in particular to a power-off protection device of an absolute value encoder. Comprises at least one super capacitor, a battery and a current guiding circuit: the super capacitor is connected with an external charging power supply and is connected with the current guiding circuit; the battery is connected with the super capacitor in parallel, and is connected with the current guiding circuit; the external power supply is connected to the current guiding circuit; the current steering circuit causes current from the super capacitor, the battery and the external power supply to be output by the absolute value encoder power supply port. The utility model preferentially uses the electric energy stored in the chargeable super capacitor in frequent power failure, and can automatically switch to primary battery power supply before the super capacitor is exhausted in ultra-long power failure, thereby solving the problems of limited service life of the primary battery power supply and limited single discharge electric quantity of the super capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of industrial control, in particular to a power-off protection device of an absolute value encoder.
Background
The absolute value encoder in the motor of the industrial quick door is an important sensor for monitoring the running state of the industrial quick door, and the sensor accurately senses the opening and closing degree of the current industrial quick door through the measurement of the rotation number of the motor. The physical quantity can be monitored to effectively prevent the motor from rotating excessively, so that the industrial rapid door is irreversibly damaged. The electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder stores motor rotation number data in a persistent memory such as a flash memory, so as to ensure that after power failure, the industrial quick door can still be ensured to recover normal operation from the current state by the aid of the motor rotation number data stored in the persistent memory. However, in order to cope with unexpected situations after power failure, the electric control system of the industrial rapid door often has a set of manual control system. If the manual control system intervenes after the industrial quick door is powered off, the opening and closing degree of the industrial quick door changes. If the electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder is in a power-off state at the moment, the motor rotation turn data stored in the persistent memory by the electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder cannot correspond to the opening and closing degree of the industrial quick door. Therefore, after the industrial quick door is powered off, the electric control of the industrial quick door is recovered to be normal after the power supply is recovered, the electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder cannot lose power, and the work should be kept continuously.
In order to cope with abnormal power failure of the industrial quick door, a general industrial quick door electric control system is provided with a primary battery (dry battery) for providing electric energy for an electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder after power failure, so that the electronic multi-turn absolute value encoder continuously monitors the rotation number of a motor shaft after intervention of a manual control system. However, in the application of the industrial rapid door, one of the following two special cases is that after the industrial rapid door is installed and deployed on site, the factory building is not put into use yet, and the industrial rapid door and an electric control system thereof are in a power-off state for a long time or are frequently in a power-off state. Secondly, in some colder regions, part of industrial quick doors of the factory building are in a long-time normally-closed state or a normally-open state along with the air temperature, and in any one state, the owner side can power off the industrial quick doors for a long time due to the consideration of energy conservation. The primary battery is limited in capacity and is not chargeable, and the primary battery cannot meet the electric energy requirement of continuous operation of the absolute value encoder under the condition that the industrial rapid door motor and the motor server are subjected to multiple accumulated power-off time periods for too long.
The use of supercapacitors directly in some servos replaces primary batteries to address periodic replacement and battery life issues that may exist with primary batteries. The power storage capacity of the super capacitor itself is still far lower than that of the primary battery, and the absolute value encoder cannot be continuously supplied with power in the face of an ultra-long power-off condition.
In view of this, how to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, solve the problem that the absolute value encoder cannot be effectively protected when the absolute value encoder is powered off, and avoid the motor position judgment error caused by the power off of the absolute value encoder, which is a problem to be solved in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the utility model solves the problem that the absolute value encoder cannot be effectively protected when the absolute value encoder is powered off.
The embodiment of the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present utility model provides a power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder, which is characterized by comprising at least one super capacitor, a battery and a current guiding circuit, in particular: the super capacitor is connected with an external charging power supply and is connected with the current guiding circuit; the battery is connected with the super capacitor in parallel, and is connected with the current guide circuit; the external power supply is connected to the current guiding circuit; the current steering circuit enables current from the super capacitor, the battery and an external power supply to be output from an absolute value encoder power supply port.
Preferably, when the super capacitor is more than one, the specific is: one or more super capacitors are connected in parallel; and/or inserting one or more supercapacitors into the capacitor socket, and connecting with other parts of the circuit using an external interface of the capacitor socket.
Preferably, the device further comprises a voltage monitoring circuit and a discharge switching circuit, in particular: the voltage monitoring circuit is respectively connected with the voltage measuring point of the super capacitor and the voltage measuring point of the battery and is used for comparing the voltage of the super capacitor and the voltage of the battery; the discharging switching circuit is connected with the output port of the battery and is used for controlling the discharging of the battery according to the judging result of the voltage monitoring circuit.
Preferably, when the monitoring device in the voltage monitoring circuit is a processor, the apparatus further comprises two components of voltage resistors, in particular: each group of voltage dividing resistors comprises two voltage dividing resistors with the same resistance value; the first group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in parallel with two ends of the super capacitor after being connected in series, and a voltage measuring point of the super capacitor is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors; the second group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in series and then connected with two ends of the battery in parallel, and a voltage measuring point of the battery is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors.
Preferably, when the discharge switching circuit is PMOS, the following is specific: the D stage of the PMOS is connected with the current guiding circuit, the S stage of the PMOS is connected with the battery, the D stage of the PMOS is connected with the G stage of the PMOS and the reference resistor, and the G stage of the PMOS is connected with the control signal of the voltage monitoring circuit.
Preferably, the current steering circuit is specifically at least one diode, specifically: the diodes are connected in series between the super capacitor and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, between the battery and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder and between the external power supply and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, and the conduction directions of all the diodes face the power supply port of the absolute value encoder so as to prevent current from flowing backwards.
Preferably, the diode is a schottky diode.
Preferably, the device further comprises a charging control circuit, in particular: the charging control circuit is connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor.
Preferably, the charging control circuit includes at least one current limiting resistor, specifically: and the current limiting resistor is connected in parallel and then connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor.
Preferably, the specific: the super capacitor is a lithium ion capacitor, and the battery is a lithium thionyl chloride battery.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that: on the basis that the conventional power-off protection device takes a battery as a standby power supply device, a super capacitor is added as the standby power supply device, the electric energy stored in the chargeable super capacitor is preferentially used in frequent power-off, and in ultra-long power-off, the super capacitor can be automatically switched to primary battery power supply before the electric energy of the super capacitor is exhausted, so that the problems that the service life of the primary battery power supply is limited and the single discharge electric quantity of the super capacitor is limited can be solved. In the preferred scheme of the embodiment, the use sequence of the reserved electric energy in the super capacitor and the battery is further managed through the voltage monitoring circuit and the discharging switching circuit, and the super capacitor is limited to be used as a standby power supply device, so that the excessively rapid consumption of the battery is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present utility model will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power-off protection device for an absolute value encoder according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
The present utility model is an architecture of a specific functional system, so that in a specific embodiment, functional logic relationships of each structural module are mainly described, and specific software and hardware implementations are not limited.
In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present utility model described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1:
a Supercapacitor (Supercapacitor) is an energy storage device between a capacitor and a battery, having the following characteristics:
(1) The charging speed is high, and the charging time is 10 seconds to 10 minutes, so that the rated capacity of the battery can reach more than 95 percent;
(2) The cycle service life is long, the cycle use times of deep charge and discharge can reach 1-50 ten thousand times, no memory effect is caused, and the problem of overdischarge is avoided;
(3) The large-current discharge capacity is super strong, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the process loss is small, and the large-current energy circulation efficiency is more than or equal to 90%.
In actual use, the capacitor has the characteristics of quick charge and discharge of the capacitor, energy storage characteristic of the battery, multiple use compared with a non-rechargeable battery, no attenuation compared with a rechargeable battery, short charge time, long service life, good temperature characteristic, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the power-off protection device provided in this embodiment includes at least one super capacitor, a battery and a current steering circuit, wherein the super capacitor is used as a main electric energy storage device, the battery is used as a standby electric energy storage device, and the current steering circuit is used to steer all electric energy to the power supply port of the absolute value encoder for use by the absolute value encoder.
In order to avoid the problem that the common disposable battery cannot be reused through charging and the problem that the common rechargeable battery is low in charging speed and decays, the device provided by the embodiment uses the super capacitor as a main electric energy storage device. The super capacitor is connected with an external charging power supply, is charged through the external charging power supply, is connected with a current guiding circuit, and guides discharge current of the super capacitor to a power supply port of the absolute value encoder through the current guiding circuit to provide one-way power-off protection current. Preferably, the voltage of the external charging power supply is +3.8v (+3.8v in fig. 1), the absolute value encoder is used as a low-power-consumption electronic device, the voltage of the external power supply (VCC in fig. 1) is usually 3.3V, the maximum sustainable power supply voltage is 5V, and the voltage of the external charging power supply is larger than the voltage of the external power supply, so that the super capacitor can supply power to the absolute value encoder by enough voltage drop.
Preferably, the super capacitor is a lithium ion capacitor. The lithium ion capacitor has extremely high-temperature reliability and safety, and is not easy to cause thermal runaway compared with a lithium ion secondary battery; less self-discharge; has wider use temperature range (-25-85 ℃), longer service life and more than 10 ten thousand charge and discharge times. Typically, the lithium ion capacitor has a charge voltage of 3.8V and a capacitance of (greater than) 60F. The absolute value encoder has power consumption less than 6 microamps, 60F 3.8V lithium ion capacitor, and total charge Q of 228 coulombs (C) according to the formula
I=q/t, t=q/i=228C/0.000006 a=38,000,000s=10555 hours (about 440 days). Since the lithium ion capacitor drops in voltage when discharged, the voltage drop when discharged basically satisfies the normal operating voltage of the absolute value encoder exceeding 180 days.
Further, to increase the electrical energy storage capacity of the super capacitor, a plurality of super capacitors can be used in the device at the same time. When more than one super capacitor is provided, one or more super capacitors can be connected in parallel, one or more super capacitors can be inserted into a capacitor socket, an external interface of the capacitor socket is used for connecting with other parts of a circuit, or other modes are used for combining and connecting according to the requirement. In actual use, the number of the super capacitors can be conveniently adjusted by using the capacitor socket, and the super capacitors with the required number can be inserted according to the actual requirements of product application before product installation and deployment or before product delivery. In order to avoid excessive charging current, the number of inserted supercapacitors is not recommended to be greater than 3 when using capacitor sockets for the combination.
In an actual use scenario, the absolute value encoder is often used in a door opening control system of a factory building, and long-time power failure usually occurs in the early stage of the factory building construction project due to construction reasons. The battery is connected in parallel with the super capacitor, and is connected into a current guiding circuit, and the discharging current of the super capacitor is guided to a power supply port (VDD in figure 1) of the absolute value encoder through the current guiding circuit to provide another path of power-off protection current.
Preferably, the battery is a lithium thionyl chloride battery, the open circuit voltage is 3.6V, and the rated capacity of the battery is 1.2Ah. The primary lithium thionyl chloride battery not only has a charge capacity far exceeding that of a super capacitor, but also has an ultra-long shelf life due to a lower self-discharge rate than other types of dry batteries.
An external power supply (VCC in fig. 1) is connected to the current steering circuit as a conventional power input to the absolute value encoder during normal power.
The current steering circuit causes current from the super capacitor, the battery and the external power supply to be output by the absolute value encoder power supply port. In fig. 1, a diode is taken as an example to realize a current guiding circuit, and the current guiding circuit is specifically at least one diode (D4, D5, D6, D7 in fig. 1), wherein the diodes are connected in series between the super capacitor and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, between the battery and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, and between the external power supply and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, and the conduction directions of all the diodes face the power supply port of the absolute value encoder so as to prevent current from flowing backwards. Preferably, the diode is a schottky diode, the specific model of the schottky diode is BAT54C, the forward voltage of the schottky diode is 320Mv, the schottky diode has the characteristic of small voltage drop, and the influence of the voltage drop on the charging voltage is reduced as much as possible while the unidirectional conduction prevents the current from flowing backwards.
Further, since the electric energy in the battery is not recoverable, the energy stored in the battery should be reserved for the ultra-long power-off event, so that the electric energy stored in the super capacitor should be preferentially consumed when the power-off event occurs, so as to fully save the reserved electric energy in the battery.
In practical use, the control of the power supply sequence can be simply performed by adjusting the output voltage of each power supply device. In order to ensure that the super capacitor and the reserved electric energy in the battery are not used during normal power supply, and the reserved electric energy in the super capacitor is preferentially used when the external power supply is powered off, the voltage of the external power supply is larger than that of the external charging power supply, and the voltage of the external power supply is larger than that of the battery output interface.
In order to more accurately control the discharge sequence of the super capacitor and the battery, as shown in fig. 2, the device further comprises a voltage monitoring circuit and a discharge switching circuit.
The voltage monitoring circuit is respectively connected with a voltage measuring point (VCAP in fig. 2) of the super capacitor and a voltage measuring point (VBAT in fig. 2) of the battery and is used for comparing the voltage of the super capacitor and the voltage of the battery. The discharging switching circuit is connected with the output port of the battery and is used for controlling the discharging of the battery according to the judging result of the voltage monitoring circuit.
In fig. 2, for convenience of explanation of the circuit connection relationship, a processor is taken as an example of the voltage monitoring circuit, and a PMOS is taken as an example of the discharge switching circuit. In practical implementation, the voltage monitoring circuit and the discharge switching circuit may be designed by themselves according to needs, or existing devices with corresponding functions may be selected for implementation, for example: a voltage comparator is used as the voltage monitoring circuit instead of a processor.
The voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the super capacitor in parallel, the discharging switching circuit is connected with the output end of the battery in series, the voltage monitoring point of the super capacitor is connected with the level input pin of the processor, and the switch control pin of the discharging switching circuit is connected with the level output pin of the processor. As shown in fig. 3, the PMOS is specifically an n-type substrate, p-channel MOSFET, the D-stage of the PMOS is connected to the current steering circuit (connected to the diode D1 in fig. 2), the S-stage of the PMOS is connected to the battery (connected to vbat+ in fig. 2), the D-stage and G-stage of the PMOS are connected to the reference resistor (connected to the reference resistor R24 in fig. 2), and the G-stage of the PMOS is connected to the control signal (VSW) of the voltage monitoring circuit. Preferably, the resistance value of the reference resistor R24 is 1000 ohms, so that measurement errors caused by partial pressure are avoided.
When the external power supply is powered off, in a default state, the PMOS switch is turned off, the battery does not output, and the super capacitor supplies power, so that the electric energy in the battery is saved, and the frequency of battery power consumption and replacement is reduced. And only when the processor monitors that the voltage of the super capacitor is lower than the lowest working voltage (generally the voltage drop is defined as 2.5V) of the processor and the absolute value encoder, and the voltage drop is insufficient to maintain the absolute value encoder to work normally, the PMOS switch is opened to switch the super capacitor power supply into battery power supply, so that the absolute value encoder can still obtain power supply.
Furthermore, when the monitoring device in the voltage monitoring circuit is a processor, the pin of the processor can only process voltage signals within 3.3V, and the voltages of the super capacitor and the battery exceed 3.3V, so that the device further comprises two groups of voltage dividing resistors, and each group of voltage dividing resistors comprises two voltage dividing resistors with the same resistance value. As shown in FIG. 4, the first group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in series and then connected with two ends of the super capacitor in parallel, and the voltage measuring point of the super capacitor is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors, so that the voltage of the voltage monitoring point of the super capacitor is half of 3.8V, and the pins of the processor can process and judge the voltage of the super capacitor. The second group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in parallel with two ends of the battery after being connected in series, and a voltage measuring point of the battery is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors, so that the voltage of a voltage monitoring point of the battery is half of the voltage of the battery, and a pin of the processor can process and judge the voltage of the battery. Preferably, the resistance value of each voltage dividing resistor of the first group of voltage dividing resistors is specifically 2000 ohms, and the resistance value of each voltage dividing resistor of the second group of voltage dividing resistors is specifically 1000 ohms, so that measurement errors caused by voltage division are avoided.
In practical implementations, other electronic components or circuit structures may be used as the current steering circuit as desired.
In practical implementations, other energy devices may be included in the apparatus in addition to the basic devices described above, as needed, and examples of some of the available devices are briefly listed below.
(1) The device also comprises a charging control circuit which is connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor.
(2) And grounding the negative electrode of the super capacitor, and increasing the voltage difference of the two electrodes of the super capacitor so as to realize instant charging.
(3) And a filter capacitor is connected in parallel on a power supply port of the absolute value encoder so as to reduce output fluctuation caused by charging and discharging of the super capacitor and ensure stable output.
The above examples can improve the use effect or the use safety of the power-off protection device provided by the present embodiment. Other devices may be added or the circuit structure provided in the present utility model may be combined with other circuits without interfering with the operation of the present utility model.
In a specific implementation, the body structure of the charge control circuit in the above (1) may be designed according to actual needs. For example: a current limiting resistor (R in figure 1) is connected in series between the external charging power supply and the super capacitor so as to avoid overlarge starting instantaneous current when the super capacitor is charged. Furthermore, in order to reduce the heat generated by a single resistor, a plurality of current limiting resistors can be used, and the current limiting resistors are connected in parallel and then connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor. Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the charging control circuit is formed by connecting 4 current limiting resistors in parallel, wherein each current limiting resistor is specifically 51 Ω, and the parallel resistance is 12.75 ohms.
The device provided by the embodiment adopts the parallel connection of the battery and the super capacitor, and provides a comprehensive power supply means for the absolute value encoder after the external power supply is powered off, so that the energy storage capacity is improved, and the overall service life of energy storage is prolonged. The utility model also designs a power supply switching circuit, so that the super capacitor can be preferentially used for abnormal power failure in frequent power failure events without loss of the electric energy of the primary battery; in the ultra-long power-off event, the primary battery can start to supply power to the absolute value encoder before the super capacitor bank is exhausted, so that continuous and stable operation of the absolute value encoder is ensured in the ultra-long power-off event.
The device provided by the embodiment also adopts the capacitor socket to connect a plurality of super capacitors in parallel to form the super capacitor module for supplying the absolute value encoder with electric energy after power failure, and the device can provide circulated discharge with longer single discharge duration according to the requirements of customers because the device can have the increased charge energy storage capacity.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an absolute value encoder outage protection device which characterized in that includes at least one super capacitor, battery, current direction circuit and voltage monitoring circuit, specifically:
the super capacitor is connected with an external charging power supply and is connected with the current guiding circuit;
the battery is connected with the super capacitor in parallel, and is connected with the current guide circuit;
the external power supply is connected to the current guiding circuit;
the current steering circuit enables current from the super capacitor, the battery and an external power supply to be output by a power supply port of the absolute value encoder,
the voltage monitoring circuit is respectively connected with the voltage measuring point of the super capacitor and the voltage measuring point of the battery and is used for comparing the voltage of the super capacitor and the voltage of the battery.
2. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 1, wherein when the super capacitor is more than one, the following is specific:
one or more super capacitors are connected in parallel;
and/or inserting one or more supercapacitors into the capacitor socket, and connecting with other parts of the circuit using an external interface of the capacitor socket.
3. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 1, further comprising a discharge switching circuit, in particular:
the discharging switching circuit is connected with the output port of the battery and is used for controlling the discharging of the battery according to the judging result of the voltage monitoring circuit.
4. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 1, wherein when the monitoring device in the voltage monitoring circuit is a processor, the device further comprises two components of voltage resistors, in particular:
each group of voltage dividing resistors comprises two voltage dividing resistors with the same resistance value;
the first group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in parallel with two ends of the super capacitor after being connected in series, and a voltage measuring point of the super capacitor is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors;
the second group of voltage dividing resistors are connected in series and then connected with two ends of the battery in parallel, and a voltage measuring point of the battery is arranged between the two voltage dividing resistors.
5. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 3, wherein when the discharge switching circuit is PMOS, it is specifically:
the D stage of the PMOS is connected with the current guiding circuit, the S stage of the PMOS is connected with the battery, the D stage of the PMOS is connected with the G stage of the PMOS and the reference resistor, and the G stage of the PMOS is connected with the control signal of the voltage monitoring circuit.
6. The absolute value encoder power-down protection device of claim 1, wherein the current steering circuit is embodied as at least one diode, and wherein:
the diodes are connected in series between the super capacitor and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, between the battery and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder and between the external power supply and the power supply port of the absolute value encoder, and the conduction directions of all the diodes face the power supply port of the absolute value encoder so as to prevent current from flowing backwards.
7. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 6, wherein the following specific:
the diode is a schottky diode.
8. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 1, further comprising a charge control circuit, in particular:
the charging control circuit is connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor.
9. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 8, wherein the charge control circuit comprises at least one current limiting resistor, specifically:
and the current limiting resistor is connected in parallel and then connected in series between an external charging power supply and the super capacitor.
10. The absolute value encoder power-off protection device of claim 1, wherein the following specific:
the super capacitor is a lithium ion capacitor, and the battery is a lithium thionyl chloride battery.
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