CN117013684A - Uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system - Google Patents
Uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117013684A CN117013684A CN202311006820.7A CN202311006820A CN117013684A CN 117013684 A CN117013684 A CN 117013684A CN 202311006820 A CN202311006820 A CN 202311006820A CN 117013684 A CN117013684 A CN 117013684A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and a system, when no voltage exists on an external power supply line due to insufficient voltage of an external battery, the circuit can be switched to be powered by an internal battery of equipment to be powered, and the circuit can be suitable for a circuit environment powered by the battery, and can keep the equipment to be powered for a long time due to the fact that the power is supplied by the internal battery instead of simply using a super capacitor; in addition, in the switching process, the Faraday capacitor supplies power for the equipment to be powered, so that uninterrupted power supply for the equipment to be powered is ensured, and smooth transition is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of circuit technologies, and in particular, to an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system.
Background
In the related art, when the mains supply is normally input, the UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply, uninterrupted power supply) is used for stabilizing the voltage of the mains supply and supplying the voltage to a load, and the UPS is an alternating current type electric stabilizer and charges an internal battery; when the commercial power is interrupted (accident power failure), the UPS immediately supplies 220V alternating current to the load by a method of switching and converting through the inverter, so that the load keeps normal work and soft and hardware of the load are protected from damage, however, the UPS equipment is used under the condition of 220V commercial power, is not suitable for a circuit environment of battery power supply, and has unsmooth transition. Yet another approach is to employ super capacitors where the voltage of the operating circuit drops slowly so that the device senses that the voltage is in an abnormal range and goes into off-machine operation, yet this approach can be too short (on the order of seconds) to fit into the device requirements for long-term operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and a system, which are suitable for a circuit environment powered by a battery and are suitable for equipment requirements for long-time operation.
The invention provides an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit, which comprises: a buck module configured to: the input end is connected with a built-in battery of the equipment to be powered; the output end is connected with the power end of the trigger module and is used for providing power supply voltage for the trigger module; the trigger module is configured to: the clock end is connected with the external battery through the first resistor and is used for outputting and maintaining a high-level signal when the voltage of the external battery is received; a switch module configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the external battery, the built-in battery and the output end of the trigger module, and the output end of the switch module is connected with the first coil end of the relay; the first coil end is disconnected from the ground when the voltage of the external battery exists, and the first coil end is grounded when the voltage of the external battery does not exist; the relay is configured to: the first input end is connected with the external battery, the second input end is connected with the built-in battery, the second coil end is connected with the built-in battery, the output end is connected with the anode of a diode, the cathode of the diode is respectively connected with the equipment to be powered and the anode of a Farad capacitor, and the cathode of the Farad capacitor is grounded; when the first coil end is disconnected from the ground, the control change-over switch is connected with the first input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the external battery; when the first coil is grounded, the control change-over switch is connected with the second input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the built-in battery; and in the switching process of the diverter switch, the Faraday capacitor is used for supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
Further, the step-down module includes: the step-down chip, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor; the buck chip is configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the built-in battery of the equipment to be powered, the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second capacitor are both connected with the grounding end of the buck chip; the output end of the voltage reduction chip is respectively connected with the power end of the trigger module, the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the third capacitor and the second end of the fourth capacitor are grounded.
Further, the triggering module includes: the D trigger, the second resistor, the fifth capacitor, the third resistor, the sixth capacitor, the external terminal and the fourth resistor; the D flip-flop is configured to: the clock end is respectively connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the fifth capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the external battery, and the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the fifth capacitor are grounded; the zero clearing end is respectively connected with the first end of the third resistor, the first end of the sixth capacitor and the second end of the external terminal; the second end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction module; the second end of the sixth capacitor and the first end of the external terminal are grounded; the power end is connected with the output end of the voltage reducing module; the grounding ground is grounded; the signal end is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction module through a fourth resistor; the output end is connected with the output end of the trigger module.
Further, in a state that the built-in battery supplies power to the equipment to be powered, when the first end of the external terminal is short-circuited with the second end of the external terminal, the output end of the D trigger outputs a low-level signal to control the built-in battery to stop supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
Further, the switch module comprises a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; the first field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the trigger module; the drain electrode is connected with the first coil end of the relay; the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor; the second field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the built-in battery through a fifth resistor; the source electrode is grounded; the third field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the external battery through a sixth resistor; the drain electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor; the source is grounded.
Further, the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the third field effect transistor are all N-channel field effect transistors.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: a boost module; the boosting module is used for boosting the voltage of the external battery so as to charge the internal battery through the boosted voltage; the boosted voltage is determined according to the maximum voltage value of the built-in battery.
Further, the external battery is further used for charging the faraday capacitor.
Further, the external battery is charged through solar energy.
The invention provides an uninterruptible power supply switching system, which comprises external equipment to be powered and any one of the uninterruptible power supply switching circuits; the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit is used for supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
According to the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and the uninterruptible power supply switching system, when no voltage exists on an external power supply line due to insufficient voltage of an external battery, the circuit can be switched to be powered by an internal battery of equipment to be powered, and the circuit can be suitable for a circuit environment powered by the battery, and the power is supplied by the internal battery instead of simply using a super capacitor, so that the equipment to be powered can be kept to run for a long time; in addition, in the switching process, the Faraday capacitor supplies power for the equipment to be powered, so that uninterrupted power supply for the equipment to be powered is ensured, and smooth transition is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage step-down module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a trigger module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an uninterruptible switching circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Icon: r5-a first resistor; r6-a second resistor; r8-a third resistor; r7-fourth resistor; r11-fifth resistance; r12-sixth resistance; c5-a first capacitance; c6-a second capacitance; a C3-third capacitor; c4-fourth capacitance; c10-fifth capacitance; c9_sixth capacitance; u2-step-down chip; a U3-D flip-flop; u4-relay; q1-a first field effect transistor; q2-a second field effect transistor; q3-a third field effect transistor; j2-an external terminal; d4-diodes; C8-Farad capacitance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply ) is an uninterruptible power supply that includes an energy storage device. The power supply is mainly used for providing uninterrupted power supply for equipment with high requirements on power supply stability. In the related art, the UPS device is used under 220V mains supply, and the UPS device generally provides protection against either over-high voltage or under-voltage, which is not suitable for use in a battery-powered circuit environment. Another super capacitor scheme can be maintained for too short time, and is not suitable for equipment requirements for long-time operation. Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and a system, and the technology can be applied to the application requiring the uninterruptible power supply switching of equipment.
For the sake of understanding the present embodiment, first, an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is described, as shown in fig. 1, where the circuit includes: the device comprises a step-down module 10, a trigger module 11, a switch module 12 and a relay U4; wherein the buck module 10 is configured to: the input end is connected with a built-in battery of the equipment to be powered; the output end is connected with the power end of the trigger module 11 and is used for providing power supply voltage for the trigger module 11; the built-in battery can be a standby battery built in the equipment to be powered, such as a lithium battery, the equipment to be powered is usually equipment with high requirement on power stability, when the power supply of the external battery is interrupted, the built-in battery needs to be switched to continue to supply power for a certain time, and the switching process requires smooth transition; in practical implementation, the trigger module 11 normally inputs and outputs an operating voltage of 5V, and the built-in battery is normally a standard voltage of 12V, so the voltage of the built-in battery needs to be reduced by the voltage reducing module 10 and then supplied to the trigger module 11 for use, for example, the input of the voltage reducing module 10 is the voltage of 12V of the built-in battery, and after the voltage reduction, 5V can be output for use by the trigger module 11.
The triggering module 11 is configured to: the clock end is connected with the external battery through the first resistor R5 and is used for outputting a high-level signal and keeping the high-level signal when the voltage of the external battery is received. The external battery may be a lithium battery, and the voltage of the external battery is usually 9V to 12V, but of course, other suitable battery voltages may be selected according to the actual circuit, and when the external battery enters the trigger module 11, the output end of the trigger module 11 becomes a high level and maintains the high level.
A switch module 12 configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the external battery, the built-in battery and the output end of the trigger module 11, and the output end of the switch module 12 is connected with the first coil end of the relay U4; the first coil end is disconnected from the ground when the voltage of the external battery exists, and the first coil end is grounded when the voltage of the external battery does not exist; the switch module 12 may be a circuit composed of a plurality of field effect transistors, when the voltage of the external battery exists, according to the characteristics of the trigger module 11, the output end of the trigger module 11 can be made to be high level and kept, through the action of the switch module 12, the first coil end of the relay U4 connected with the output end of the switch module 12 can be disconnected from the ground, when the voltage of the external battery is low level, that is, when the voltage of the external battery does not exist, the first coil end of the relay U4 connected with the output end of the switch module 12 can be grounded through the action of the switch module 12.
The relay U4 is configured to: the first input end is connected with the external battery, the second input end is connected with the built-in battery, the second coil end is connected with the built-in battery, the output end is connected with the anode of a diode D4, the cathode of the diode D4 is respectively connected with the equipment to be powered and the anode of a Farad capacitor C8, and the cathode of the Farad capacitor C8 is grounded; when the first coil end is disconnected from the ground, the control change-over switch is connected with the first input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the external battery; when the first coil is grounded, the control change-over switch is connected with the second input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the built-in battery; and in the switching process of the diverter switch, the equipment to be powered is powered through the Faraday capacitor C8.
The first input end of the relay U4 is connected with an external battery, and a normally closed point inside the relay U4 can output the power supply voltage of the external battery as long as a power supply of the external battery enters, namely a change-over switch inside the relay U4 is connected with the first input end and the output end of the relay U4; a coil is connected between a first coil end and a second coil end of the relay U4, the second coil end is connected with an internal battery, when the first coil end of the relay U4 is not grounded, the external battery continuously supplies power to equipment to be powered, the coil can be triggered as long as the first coil end of the relay U4 is grounded, the first coil end and the second coil end of the relay U4 form a loop, at the moment, a change-over switch inside the relay U4 leaves from a first input end and is switched to be connected with a second input end and an output end of the relay U4, and the internal battery continuously supplies power to the equipment to be powered.
When the switch of the relay U4 is switched, a short time, for example 10ms, is usually required, in which the output of the relay U4 has no voltage output, which can lead to the power supply of the device to be supplied being switched off. Thus, the power to be supplied to the apparatus can be supplied through the faraday capacitor C8 in this short time.
When the external power supply line has no voltage due to insufficient voltage of the external battery, the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit can be switched to be powered by the internal battery of the equipment to be powered, and the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit can be suitable for a circuit environment powered by the battery; in addition, in the switching process, the Faraday capacitor C8 supplies power for the equipment to be powered, so that uninterrupted power supply for the equipment to be powered is ensured, and smooth transition is realized.
Further, referring to the schematic circuit diagram of the buck module 10 shown in fig. 2, the buck module 10 includes: the step-down chip U2, the first capacitor C5, the second capacitor C6, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4; the buck chip U2 comprises three ends, namely an input end Vin, an output end Vout and a ground end GND; the buck chip U2 is configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the built-in battery of the equipment to be powered, the first end of the first capacitor C5 and the first end of the second capacitor C6; the second end of the first capacitor C5 and the second end of the second capacitor C6 are both connected with the grounding end GND of the buck chip U2; the output end of the buck chip U2 is connected to the power end of the trigger module 11, the first end of the third capacitor C3, and the first end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the second end of the third capacitor C3 and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 are grounded.
As shown in fig. 2, the first capacitor C5, the second capacitor C6, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 may all select suitable capacitance values according to actual requirements; the first capacitor C5 and the second capacitor C6 can filter the voltage of the built-in battery input to the input end of the buck chip U2, so that the voltage input to the input end of the buck module 10 is more stable; the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 can filter the voltage output by the voltage reduction chip U2, so that the output voltage is more stable.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic circuit diagram of the trigger module 11, the trigger module 11 includes: the D trigger U3, the second resistor R6, the fifth capacitor C10, the third resistor R8, the sixth capacitor C9, the external terminal J2 and the fourth resistor R7; the D flip-flop U3 is configured to: the clock end is respectively connected with the first end of the first resistor R5, the first end of the second resistor R6 and the first end of the fifth capacitor C10, the second end of the first resistor R5 is connected with the external battery, and the second end of the second resistor R6 and the second end of the fifth capacitor C10 are grounded; the zero clearing end is respectively connected with the first end of the third resistor R8, the first end of the sixth capacitor C9 and the second end of the external terminal J2; the second end of the third resistor R8 is connected with the output end of the voltage dropping module 10; the second end of the sixth capacitor C9 and the first end of the external terminal J2 are grounded; the power end is connected with the output end of the voltage reducing module 10; the grounding ground is grounded; the signal end is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction module 10 through a fourth resistor R7; the output end is connected with the output end of the triggering module 11.
The pin logic of the D flip-flop U3 is as follows:
in this circuit, logic of the second row and the fourth row is employed. The fourth row of logic, namely an external terminal J2 of the schematic diagram is short-circuited, namely when the zero clearing end CLR pin of the D trigger U3 is at a low level L, the level of the output end Q is at the low level L; and when the zero clearing end CLR pin and the signal end D pin are high level H, the clock end CLK pin has rising edge voltage (the power supply of an external battery enters), and the output end Q is changed into high level H.
The DFF-CLK signal in the input signal of the D flip-flop U3 is supplied from the external battery 12V, so that the voltage of the external battery is reduced by resistors, specifically, the voltage of the external battery is divided by the first resistor R5 and the second resistor R6, so as to obtain 5V and input into the DFF-CLK pin.
Further, in a state that the built-in battery supplies power to the equipment to be powered, when the first end of the external terminal J2 and the second end of the external terminal J2 are in short circuit, the output end Q of the D trigger U3 outputs a low-level signal to control the built-in battery to stop supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
After the switching circuit takes effect, namely in the process of supplying power to the equipment to be powered by the built-in battery, if the equipment needs to be powered off, the power supply circuit can enter an initial default power-off state in an artificial mode, the use is convenient, and specifically, the first end and the second end of the external terminal J2 can be manually short-circuited.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the power switching circuit schematic diagram includes a switch module 12 and a relay U4, where the switch module 12 includes a first fet Q1, a second fet Q2, a third fet Q3, a fifth resistor R11, and a sixth resistor R12; the first field effect transistor Q1 is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the output end Q of the D trigger U3; the drain electrode is connected with a first coil end (pin 4) of the relay U4; the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2; the second field effect transistor Q2 is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the built-in battery SPARE_BAT through a fifth resistor R11; the source electrode is grounded; the third fet Q3 is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the external batteries VCC_IN_9-12V through a sixth resistor R12; the drain electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2; the source is grounded.
As shown IN fig. 4, the first input terminal pin 1 of the relay U4 is connected to an external battery, which can provide an external power supply voltage (vcc_in_9 to 12V), and a normally closed point inside the relay U4, so long as a power supply is entered, the output terminal pin 5 of the relay U4 outputs the power supply voltage (vcc_in_9 to 12V) provided by the external battery. A coil is arranged between the second coil end pin 3 and the first coil end pin 4 of the relay U4, the second coil end pin 3 is connected with a built-in battery (SPARE_BAT), and the coil can be triggered as long as the first coil end pin 4 of the relay U4 generates ground. The first fet Q1, the second fet Q2, the third fet Q3, the fifth resistor R11, and the sixth resistor R12 together form the switch module 12, and when the supply voltage (vcc_in_9 to 12V) of the external battery exists, the characteristic of the D flip-flop U3 causes the output terminal Q (pin 4) to become high and remain, so that the first fet Q1 remains IN a conductive state, IN addition, the third fet Q3 is conductive, the second fet Q2 is non-conductive, and the first coil terminal pin 4 of the relay U4 is disconnected from ground. When the power supply voltage (VCC_IN_9-12V) of the external battery is low, namely the external battery is insufficient or disconnected, the third field effect transistor Q3 is not conducted, the second field effect transistor Q2 is conducted, the first coil end pin 4 of the relay U4 is grounded, at the moment, the second coil end pin 3 and the first coil end pin 4 of the relay U4 form a loop, the change-over switch leaves from the first input end pin 1 and is connected to the first input end pin 2, so that the output end pin 5 of the relay U4 is connected with the second input end pin 2, and the output end pin 5 of the relay U4 is powered by the internal battery (SPARE_BAT). When the input of the external battery is from the existence to the nonexistence, the switch module 12 enables the coil of the relay U4 to be conducted, and the contact of the relay U4 is switched to the power supply pin of the internal battery.
It should be noted that, under the normal power supply state of the external battery and the internal battery, the first field effect transistor Q1 is always in a conducting state, after the power supply is switched to the internal battery, if the power of the device needs to be cut off, the first end and the second end of the external terminal J2 can be manually short-circuited, at this time, the D trigger U3 outputs a low level, and the first field effect transistor Q1 is disconnected, so that the power supply circuit enters an initial default power-off state.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first fet Q1, the second fet Q2, and the third fet Q3 are all N-channel fets. Of course, other suitable power devices may be selected as desired, so long as the function of the switch module 12 is implemented.
Further, the uninterruptible switching circuit further includes: a boost module; a schematic circuit diagram of an ups switching circuit as shown in fig. 5; the boosting module is used for boosting the voltage of the external battery so as to charge the internal battery through the boosted voltage; the boosted voltage is determined according to the maximum voltage value of the built-in battery.
Considering that the voltage ranges of the external battery and the internal battery are generally the same, if the boost module is not provided, the internal battery cannot be charged when the electric quantity of the external battery is at a lower voltage within the normal voltage fluctuation range. The boost module therefore functions to charge the internal battery until the battery is fully charged, regardless of the voltage level of the external battery within the normal voltage fluctuation range. Taking the external battery as a 12V standard voltage as an example, because the charging power source of the internal battery is the external battery, but the voltage of the external battery floats from 9 to 12V, a boosting module is needed to be arranged, no matter any voltage between 9 and 12V, the voltage of 12.3V is output to charge the internal battery, and the boosting module is needed to boost according to the highest voltage of the internal battery.
Further, the external battery is further configured to charge the faraday capacitor C8. As shown in fig. 4, in the process of supplying power to the equipment to be powered by the external battery, the faraday capacitor C8 is charged simultaneously, and since the relay U4 needs 10ms for switching the battery, the faraday capacitor C8 is adopted to temporarily supply power in the 10ms, so that uninterrupted power supply and smooth transition of the equipment to be powered can be ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the circuit schematic of the uninterruptible switching circuit is shown, and the external battery is charged by solar energy. The external battery supplies power for the internal battery of the equipment to be powered, and the voltages of the external battery and the internal battery are 9V-12V.
The circuit design part for judging the logic relation of the switching between the external battery and the internal battery of the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit adopts a logic judgment device, so that the cost is very low; and the circuit is adaptable for use in a battery-powered (floating voltage) environment, but of course can also be used in a standard industrial voltage (e.g., 12V) environment.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an uninterruptible power supply switching system which comprises external equipment to be powered and any uninterruptible power supply switching circuit; the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit is used for supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
The application environment and requirements of this embodiment are described below by taking lithium batteries as an example for both the external battery and the internal battery:
1. the external lithium battery is provided with charging current by solar energy;
2. the voltage range of the external lithium battery is 9-12V, and the lowest point is 9V when the electric quantity is insufficient and 12V when the electric quantity is full according to the charging condition of solar energy;
the lithium battery with the voltage of 9v to 12v supplies power to the equipment, and simultaneously charges the built-in battery in the equipment, wherein the voltage of the built-in battery is 9v at the lowest point when the electric quantity is insufficient, and is 12v when the electric quantity is full;
4. when the voltage of the external lithium battery is insufficient or the power supply line is not provided with voltage due to the external reasons on site, the equipment to be powered needs to continue to operate for 10 minutes;
5. the external lithium battery is powered off and is switched to the internal lithium battery for supplying power, and the process can not be interrupted and needs to be smoothly transited.
The embodiment aims to solve the problems that the battery is powered (9-12 v) as an external battery, when the external battery is suddenly disconnected, the internal battery is powered for about 10 minutes, and the power switching process is smooth (the equipment cannot be restarted due to instant power supply switching).
The overall power logic requirements of the device are as follows:
1. the built-in battery does not supply power to the equipment under the default condition;
2. when the external battery power supply is input, the equipment to be powered starts to work;
3. when the power supply of the external battery is disconnected, the internal battery continues to supply power to the equipment to be powered until the power consumption is completed; or a reset button (namely, the two ends of the external terminal J2 are short-circuited) can be used for enabling the system to enter an initial default state, namely, the built-in battery stops supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
The overall design concept is as follows:
the triggering module 11 and the switch module 12 are used as logic judging units for checking the power input condition of the external battery; the power supply input of the external battery is used as a trigger signal for starting the work, the trigger module 11 enables the pins to output signals, and the corresponding field effect transistor is conducted to start the power supply system; the state of the power input of the external battery from the existence to the nonexistence is used as a trigger signal, and the power supply of the system is switched from the external battery to the internal battery.
The uninterrupted power supply switching system can be suitable for an external battery power supply environment with the voltage floating between 9 and 12v; when the external power supply line has no voltage due to on-site external reasons or insufficient voltage of the external battery, the equipment to be powered can continue to operate for 10 minutes instead of shutdown preparation time of a few seconds; the process of powering off the external battery and switching to power supply of the internal battery can be uninterrupted and smoothly transited. Under the default condition before the system is started, the built-in battery does not supply power, and the switching monitoring function is started only after the external battery starts to supply power; after the switching circuit takes effect, the power supply circuit can be enabled to enter an initial default power-off state in an artificial mode, and the switching circuit is convenient to use.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An uninterruptible power supply switching circuit, comprising:
a buck module configured to: the input end is connected with a built-in battery of the equipment to be powered; the output end is connected with the power end of the trigger module and is used for providing power supply voltage for the trigger module;
the trigger module is configured to: the clock end is connected with the external battery through the first resistor and is used for outputting and maintaining a high-level signal when the voltage of the external battery is received;
a switch module configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the external battery, the built-in battery and the output end of the trigger module, and the output end of the switch module is connected with the first coil end of the relay; the first coil end is disconnected from the ground when the voltage of the external battery exists, and the first coil end is grounded when the voltage of the external battery does not exist;
the relay is configured to: the first input end is connected with the external battery, the second input end is connected with the built-in battery, the second coil end is connected with the built-in battery, the output end is connected with the anode of a diode, the cathode of the diode is respectively connected with the equipment to be powered and the anode of a Farad capacitor, and the cathode of the Farad capacitor is grounded; when the first coil end is disconnected from the ground, the control change-over switch is connected with the first input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the external battery; when the first coil is grounded, the control change-over switch is connected with the second input end and the output end so as to supply power for the equipment to be powered by the built-in battery; and in the switching process of the diverter switch, the Faraday capacitor is used for supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the buck module comprises: the step-down chip, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor;
the buck chip is configured to: the input end is respectively connected with the built-in battery of the equipment to be powered, the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second capacitor are both connected with the grounding end of the buck chip; the output end of the voltage reduction chip is respectively connected with the power end of the trigger module, the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the third capacitor and the second end of the fourth capacitor are grounded.
3. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the trigger module comprises: the D trigger, the second resistor, the fifth capacitor, the third resistor, the sixth capacitor, the external terminal and the fourth resistor;
the D flip-flop is configured to: the clock end is respectively connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the fifth capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the external battery, and the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the fifth capacitor are grounded;
the zero clearing end is respectively connected with the first end of the third resistor, the first end of the sixth capacitor and the second end of the external terminal; the second end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction module; the second end of the sixth capacitor and the first end of the external terminal are grounded;
the power end is connected with the output end of the voltage reducing module;
the grounding ground is grounded;
the signal end is connected with the output end of the voltage reduction module through a fourth resistor;
the output end is connected with the output end of the trigger module.
4. A circuit according to claim 3, wherein the output terminal of the D flip-flop outputs a low level signal when the first end of the external terminal and the second end of the external terminal are shorted in a state where the power supply to the power to-be-supplied device is supplied by the built-in battery, to control the built-in battery to stop supplying the power to-be-supplied device.
5. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching module comprises a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor;
the first field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the trigger module; the drain electrode is connected with the first coil end of the relay; the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor;
the second field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the built-in battery through a fifth resistor; the source electrode is grounded;
the third field effect transistor is configured to: the grid electrode is connected with the external battery through a sixth resistor; the drain electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor; the source is grounded.
6. The circuit of claim 5, wherein the first fet, the second fet, and the third fet are all N-channel fets.
7. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a boost module;
the boosting module is used for boosting the voltage of the external battery so as to charge the internal battery through the boosted voltage; the boosted voltage is determined according to the maximum voltage value of the built-in battery.
8. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors,
the external battery is also used for charging the Faraday capacitor.
9. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the external battery is charged by solar energy.
10. An uninterruptible power supply switching system comprising an external device to be powered and an uninterruptible power supply switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the uninterruptible power supply switching circuit is used for supplying power to the equipment to be powered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311006820.7A CN117013684A (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311006820.7A CN117013684A (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117013684A true CN117013684A (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311006820.7A Pending CN117013684A (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Uninterruptible power supply switching circuit and system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117013684A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-10 CN CN202311006820.7A patent/CN117013684A/en active Pending
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