CN219272261U - Filter device for surface layer filtering self-cleaning filter cake - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a filtering device for filtering a self-cleaning filter cake by a surface layer, which comprises a tank body, a filtering medium layer and a solid-liquid mixture input pipeline, wherein: the filter medium layer is arranged at any position in the middle of the tank body between the bottom and the top in the tank body, the tank body is divided into an upper tank area and a lower tank area, an upper structure area and a lower structure area, and the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is communicated with the lower tank area of the tank body. The utility model can improve the filtering production efficiency and reduce the use cost.

Description

Filter device for surface layer filtering self-cleaning filter cake

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solid-liquid separation filter device, in particular to a filter device for filtering self-cleaning filter cakes on a surface layer.

Background

The filtration is a process of treating a solid-liquid mixture by taking a certain porous substance as a medium to obtain solid-liquid separation. Under the action of external force, the liquid in the solid-liquid mixture can pass through the pore canal of the medium, and the solid particles are trapped. The industry refers to the liquid flowing out through the media channels as filtrate and the trapped material as filter cake.

The filtering technology is divided into surface layer filtering and deep layer filtering. Common dehydrators, microporous filters, various membrane separation technical devices and the like are all applications of surface layer filtration technology. The surface layer filtering is characterized in that solid particles are deposited on the upstream side of the filtering medium in a filter cake layer form, so that the particles are mechanically screened out and the solution is separated from the particles through a pore canal. The characteristic effect of contact condensation can be exerted only by using a filter tank for deep filtration.

In modern industrial production, it is often difficult to separate solid from liquid in a solid-liquid mixture by using a surface layer filtering device. For example, solid-liquid separation of iron hydroxide solid-liquid mixture, solid-liquid separation of copper oxalate solid-liquid mixture, solid-liquid separation of fine colloid solid-liquid mixture, solid-liquid separation of barium sulfate solid-liquid mixture, and the like. The reason is that the trapped solid particles are tiny and even the substances with easily changeable shapes are extremely easy to be adhered in the filter material, so that the bridging phenomenon formed in the prior filter cake is quickly blocked by new particles, and the solid-liquid separation cannot be continued. Particularly, the separation in the solid-liquid mixture needs to take the filtrate for recycling, and more needs to remove filter residues cleanly. The filter medium has to be replaced in order to solve the production problem as soon as possible, so that the production cost is increased and the production efficiency is reduced.

In the industry, a solid-liquid separation device for surface filtration of a solid-liquid mixture of colloid or fine particles is expected to be a filtering device for surface filtration of self-cleaning filter cakes to improve the production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a filtering device for surface layer filtering self-cleaning filter cakes, which is used for improving the filtering production efficiency and reducing the use cost.

The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a filtering device of top layer filtration self-cleaning filter cake, includes cell body, filter medium layer and solid-liquid mixture input pipeline, wherein:

the filter medium layer is arranged at any position between the bottom and the top in the tank body and divides the tank body into an upper tank area and a lower tank area;

the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is communicated with the lower groove area of the groove body.

The principle of the utility model is that the solid-liquid mixture to be filtered is poured into the pore canal of the filter medium layer from the lower part of the filter medium layer to make the solution overflow upwards, and the solid particles are trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer by the filter medium layer. Meanwhile, part of filter cakes adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer falls down and is deposited on the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity, so that the problem that the filter cakes are accumulated too thick to cause the blocking of pore channels and are difficult to filter is avoided, and the self-cleaning of the filter cakes is realized. In the filtering process, the solution at the upper part of the filter medium layer in the filtering device groove is filtrate. The lower part of the filter medium layer is concentrated slurry of solid-liquid mixture.

The filter medium layer can be made of natural or artificial porous materials or can be made of a combination of more than one of the materials. It may be a material having a porous structure itself or a porous structure formed by stacking fine materials.

The material of the tank body of the filtering device has certain corrosion resistance to the solid-liquid mixture to be filtered.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: and liquid outlet pipes with valve switches are additionally arranged in the upper tank area and the lower tank area of the filter medium layer respectively so as to conveniently take out filtrate or concentrated slurry.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the bottom of the filter medium layer adopts a mesh structure as a support, so that the filter solution can fully utilize medium pore channels for passing.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: and a pressure relief pipe is additionally arranged in a lower groove area at the lower part of the filter medium layer, and the height of the pressure relief pipe exceeds the top of liquid in the groove body of the filter device and is communicated with the atmosphere. An exhaust pipe is additionally arranged in an upper groove area at the upper part of the filter medium layer, and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the atmosphere.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the temporary storage tank is additionally arranged for containing the solid-liquid mixture to be filtered or concentrated slurry or filtrate or other solution prepared by pre-reaction.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: an anti-caking liquid spraying device is additionally arranged, filtrate is drained from a pipe at the upper part of the filter medium layer and sprayed to the vicinity of an inlet of a concentrated slurry liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank area at the lower part of the filter medium layer through a pressurizing pump, and the anti-caking liquid spraying device is used for diluting the concentrated slurry to be smoothly discharged.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the filter medium layer liquid backflushing device is additionally arranged, filtrate is pumped and sent to the upper part of the filter medium layer to be sprayed downwards, so that a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer drops off the filter medium layer.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: and a filter medium layer vibrating device is additionally arranged, so that a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer falls off the filter medium layer during vibration. The vibration device adopts at least one or more of a hammer device, a pneumatic small box vibrator and an electric small box vibrator which mechanically move back and forth, and the small box vibrator can be directly arranged at the upper part or the middle part of the filter medium layer.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the filter medium layer gas backflushing device is additionally arranged, a high-pressure gas source is obtained from the air compressor, and the filter medium layer is sprayed from top to bottom through pipeline drainage and reasonable arrangement, so that a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer falls off the filter medium layer.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the pressure relief liquid return pipe is additionally arranged and is used for overflowing the solid-liquid mixture at the lower part of the filter medium layer after the filter medium layer is blocked in the working process from the pressure relief pipe, and a branch pipe is connected to the position near the top of the pressure relief pipe to serve as the pressure relief liquid return pipe to drain the overflowed solution under pressure to a storage tank, namely a temporary storage tank, of the solid-liquid mixture.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the flow-adjustable pump is additionally arranged, a thick slurry pump is selected according to the concentration of the solid-liquid mixture, and the thick slurry pump is used for adding the solid-liquid mixture to a lower layer tank area at the lower part of a filter medium layer of a tank body of the filter device, so that the solid-liquid mixture is controllably added to reduce the possibility of blocking a filter medium pore channel caused by the tumbling turbidity of solid particles in the tank liquid.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets in the lower layer tank area of the tank body, and the liquid jet flow direction of the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is preferably oriented to the side wall of the tank body so as to reduce the turbidity of the solution caused by the rolling of solid particles in the tank bottom solution.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: a dehydrator is additionally arranged, a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank area at the lower part of the filter medium layer is connected with the dehydrator, and concentrated slurry is pumped into the dehydrator to be dehydrated into mud. The dewatering machine may employ existing, viable equipment capable of separating at least a portion of the liquid in the concentrated slurry, including but not limited to filter presses, centrifuges, filters, and the like.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: an automatic control device is additionally arranged, and a detection sensor and an automatic detection feeding controller are installed. The automatic detection feeding controller receives detection data of the detection sensor to control the start and stop of each pump, the opening and closing of each valve and the start and stop or adjustment of each electric or pneumatic element.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: means for heating or cooling the solution, such as a temperature heat exchanger or a steam generator, are added to adjust the viscosity of the solution along with temperature control to improve fluidity.

The utility model can be further improved as follows: the stirrer is additionally arranged in the tank body at the lower part of the filter medium layer, so that the filter device has the function of a chemical reaction tank.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model uses gravity to drop the filter cake for self-cleaning, thereby overcoming the blocking phenomenon of the filter cake, reducing the replacement of filter materials and lowering the production cost.

The utility model has good filtering effect and high filtering efficiency, and can improve the production efficiency. When the filter medium layer vibration device and/or the filter medium layer liquid backflushing device and/or the filter medium layer gas backflushing device are adopted, the filter efficiency can be further improved.

The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, safe and reliable use, less investment in equipment and low maintenance cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic example 1 of a filter device for surface layer filtration of a self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of example 2 of a filter device for surface layer filtration of a self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of example 3 of a filter device for surface layer filtration of self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of example 4 of a filter device for surface filtration of a self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of example 5 of a filter device for surface layer filtration of self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of example 6 of a filter device for surface layer filtration of a self-cleaning cake according to the present utility model.

Reference numerals

1-3-tank body, 4-6-filter medium layer, 7-9-solid-liquid mixture input pipe, 10-12-pressure release pipe, 13-15-filtrate output pipe, 16-18-concentrated slurry output pipe, 19-anti-caking liquid spraying device, 22-filter medium layer liquid backflushing device, 26-filter medium layer mechanical vibration device, 29-filter medium layer gas backflushing device, 31-pressure release liquid return pipe, 33-34-dehydrator, 36-automatic detection feeding controller, 37-42-detection sensor, 46-50-temporary storage tank, 59-tank body maintenance manhole, 61-65 exhaust hole, 66-72-valve, 81-85-pump, 91-93 solid-liquid mixture, 95-97-filtrate, 101-103-concentrated slurry, 107-110-trapped solid particles, 113-114-raw materials, 116-118 impeller stirrer, 119-temperature cold heat exchanger, 122-125-adjustable flow type concentrated slurry pump, 129-air compressor, 130-pneumatic small box vibrator, 132-133-electric small box, 135-134-generator, water generator, and clear water generator.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments so as to be better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art.

In the following examples, the filter device tank and the temporary storage tank filter media were all manufactured by the high environmental protection equipment manufacturing company, the bergamot city, guangdong. The vibrator, the sensor, the pump and the valve are all commercial products. In addition to the above, the person skilled in the art may choose, according to routine choice, other products having similar properties to the above-mentioned products listed in the present utility model, all of which achieve the object of the present utility model.

The filter device of the following embodiment comprises a tank body and a filter medium layer, and further comprises a solid-liquid mixture input pipeline, wherein: the filter medium layer is arranged at any position in the middle of the tank body between the bottom and the top in the tank body, and divides the tank body into an upper tank area and an upper and lower structural area of a lower tank area, and the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is communicated with the lower tank area of the tank body. In the filtering process, the solution is pumped, discharged and the like to transfer the solution through a pipeline provided with a valve and a pump. The following describes the embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to examples 1 to 6.

Example 1

FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment 1 of the filter device for surface layer filtration of self-cleaning filter cake according to the present utility model. It comprises a tank body 1, a filter medium layer 4 and a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The material of the filter medium layer 4 is natural sand.

The solid-liquid mixture filtered in this example is a waste board washing liquid of alkaline etching of circuit board, whose main components are copper ammonium chloride and ammonia water, and becomes a solid-liquid mixture mainly composed of sodium chloride solution and copper hydroxide solid after reacting with sodium hypochlorite solution.

The solid-liquid mixture 91 is slowly pumped into the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 through the solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7, the trapped solid particles 107, namely copper hydroxide solid particles, are trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4, and the solid adhered to the filter medium layer 4 partially falls off the filter medium layer due to the gravity effect and is deposited at the bottom of the tank body 1. The solution in the tank body 1 overflows into the upper tank area of the upper part of the filter medium layer 4 through the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4.

The above process is that the filter cake of the solid-liquid mixture 91 after filtration is self-cleaned by gravity, which can reduce the blocking of the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4 to improve the filtration efficiency, and obtain the separation substance of the filtrate 95 and the concentrated slurry 101.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, a process diagram of an embodiment 2 of a filtering apparatus for filtering a self-cleaning filter cake with a surface layer according to the present utility model includes a tank body 1, a filtering medium layer 4, a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7, a pressure release pipe 10, a filtrate output pipe 13, i.e. a liquid outlet pipe of an upper tank region, a concentrated slurry output pipe 16, i.e. a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank region, a temporary storage tank 46, an impeller agitator 116, electric box vibrators 132-133, valves and pumps.

In this embodiment, the raw material 113 is barium sulfate, and the raw material 114 is a saturated sodium carbonate solution. The solid-liquid mixture 91 is a solid-liquid mixture of barium sulfate and saturated sodium carbonate solution to obtain sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate mixed solution and barium carbonate solid. This is one of the production processes for preparing barium carbonate products.

The filter medium layer 4 of this embodiment is a PE filter plate.

The liquid outlet of the inner tank pipeline of the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline 7 is improved into a plurality of liquid outlets close to the side wall of the tank body 1, and the liquid spraying direction faces the side wall of the tank body 1, so that the turbidity of the solution caused by the tumbling of solid particles in the solution at the bottom of the tank body 1 is reduced.

A fixed amount of the production raw material 113, namely barium sulfate, and a large amount of the production raw material 114, namely sodium carbonate saturated solution, are fed into the temporary storage tank 46, an impeller agitator 116 inside the temporary storage tank 46 is started, after a period of time, a valve 66 is opened, and a flow-adjustable thick matter pump 122 is started to pump the solid-liquid mixture 91 into a lower tank region at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 through a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The solution in the tank body 1 overflows upwards through the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4 to form filtrate 95, and barium carbonate solid particles are trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4. The trapped solid particles 107 which are partially adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 can fall down to the bottom of the tank to deposit under the action of gravity, so that the filter cake can be automatically cleaned to avoid blocking the pore channels of the filter medium layer, and the filtering efficiency is improved.

In the process, the electric small box vibrators 132 and 133 arranged on the upper part or the middle part of the filter medium layer 4 are started to help the filter medium layer 4 to shake so as to screen out more filter cakes to keep the pore canal of the filter medium unblocked.

After the completion of the solution pumping process in the temporary storage tank 46, the impeller agitator 116 and the adjustable flow rate slurry pump 122 are turned off, and the valve 66 is closed. And then, opening a liquid outlet pipe of the upper tank area, namely a valve 67 arranged on a filtrate output pipe 13 and a starting pump 81 to obtain mixed filtrate 95 of sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate, and opening a liquid outlet pipe of the lower tank area, namely a valve 68 arranged on a concentrated slurry output pipe 16 and a starting flow-adjustable concentrated slurry pump 123 to obtain concentrated slurry 101.

The above process is a filtration method of self-cleaning filter cake by using a solid-liquid mixture 91 mainly comprising sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate mixed solution and barium carbonate solid, and the filtrate 95 and the filtered and separated substance of the concentrated slurry 101 are obtained.

Example 3

FIG. 3 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment 3 of a self-cleaning cake filter device for surface filtration according to the present utility model. The device comprises a filtering device tank body 1, a filtering medium layer 4, a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7, a pressure relief pipe 10, a filtrate output pipe 13, namely a liquid outlet pipe of an upper tank zone, a concentrated slurry output pipe 16, namely a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank zone, a filtering medium layer liquid backflushing device 22, an anti-caking liquid spraying device 19, a pressure relief liquid return pipe 31, a dehydrator 33, temporary storage tanks 46-47, an impeller stirrer 116, a temperature heat exchanger 119, flow-adjustable thick slurry pumps 122-123, valves and other pumps.

The production material 113 used in this example is ferric sulfate solution, and the production material 114 is sodium hydroxide solution to prepare ferric hydroxide product.

The tank body 1 of the filtering device is not only the filtering device, but also serves as a chemical reaction tank. The production raw material 113 and the production raw material 114 are put into the lower tank area at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4, and the mixed solid-liquid mixture of the sodium sulfate solution and the ferric hydroxide solid with the PH value of 7 is obtained through chemical reaction in the lower tank area of the tank body 1.

The material of the filter medium layer 4 of this embodiment is a combination of stainless steel mesh and stainless steel wire.

Specifically, the raw material 114, i.e., sodium hydroxide solution, is first introduced into the lower tank region of the lower portion of the filter medium layer 4 through the valve 67, the pump 82 and the solid-liquid mixture inlet pipe 7, and the solution therein overflows upward to the upper tank region through the pore passage of the filter medium layer 4. The impeller stirrer 116 arranged in the lower tank area of the tank body 1 is started to stir, the temperature cold-heat exchanger 119 is started to heat the solution in the tank body 1, the valve 68 is opened, the pump 83 is started to enable the filter medium layer liquid backflushing device 22 to operate, and the valve 70 is opened, the pump 85 is started to enable the anti-caking liquid spraying device 19 to operate. After the sodium hydroxide solution has reached the set volume, pump 82 is shut off and valve 67 is closed. The raw material 113, i.e., the ferric sulfate solution, is then slowly fed through the valve 66, the flow-adjustable slurry pump 122 and the solid-liquid mixture inlet pipe 7 into the lower tank area at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 to react with the sodium hydroxide solution and produce sodium sulfate solution and ferric hydroxide solid products, and a solid-liquid mixture of sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide solution and ferric hydroxide solid is produced in the lower tank area at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4. In the process, the generated ferric hydroxide solid is relatively thick, the pore channels of the filter medium layer 4 are still easy to be blocked, and when the flow-adjustable thick slurry pump 122 works, part of solution in the lower tank body of the filter medium layer 4 returns to the temporary storage tank 46 through the pressure release liquid return pipe 31 connected near the top of the pressure release pipe 10. When the solution of the production raw material 113 is added to the solution to enable the solid-liquid mixture in the tank body 1 to reach the PH value of 7 required by the process, the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 122 is stopped, the valve 66 is closed, the impeller agitator 116 is stopped, and all the equipment on the tank body 1 of the filtering device still continues to operate.

The anti-caking liquid spraying device 19 and the filter medium layer liquid backflushing device 22 of the filter medium layer 4 are operated according to the program, so that the ferric hydroxide filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 is impacted and vibrated to drop off and deposit at the bottom of the tank body 1, and the purpose of dredging the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4 by the filter cake is achieved. At the same time, the solution in the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 is heated and raised to reduce viscosity by utilizing the chemical neutralization exothermic reaction and the heating of the temperature cold-heat exchanger 119, so that the solution is beneficial to flow.

After the chemical reaction is completed, the pumps 83 and 85 are turned off, and the valves 68 and 70 are closed. The valve 69 and pump 84 are opened to withdraw filtrate 95 from the tank 1, and after withdrawal, the pump 84 is closed and the valve 69 is closed. The valve 71 is then opened and the adjustable flow concentrate pump 123 is opened to pump the concentrated slurry 101, i.e. the ferric hydroxide concentrated slurry, into the dehydrator 33 for hot press filtration. The iron hydroxide, whose solid particles 108 are trapped, is trapped in the dehydrator 33, and the concentrated slurry dehydrated filtrate 136 discharged outside of the dehydrator 33 is lye and/or brine.

In the process, the method for dredging the medium pore canal of the self-cleaning filter cake by utilizing the gravity effect achieves the production purpose of high-efficiency filtering and separating the solid-liquid mixture of ferric hydroxide colloid.

Example 4

FIG. 4 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment 4 of a self-cleaning cake filter for surface filtration according to the present utility model. The device comprises a filtering device tank body 1, a filtering medium layer 4, a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7, a pressure relief pipe 10, a filtrate output pipe 13, namely a liquid outlet pipe of an upper tank zone, a concentrated slurry output pipe 16, namely a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank zone, a filtering medium layer mechanical vibration device 26, namely a hammer device which mechanically moves back and forth, a filtering medium layer gas backflushing device 29, temporary storage tanks 46-50, production raw materials 113-114, clear water 134, impeller stirrers 116-118, flow-adjustable concentration slurry pumps 122-124, dehydrators 33-34, an air compressor 129, a water vapor generator 135, valves and pumps.

The material of the filter medium layer 4 of this embodiment is glass beads.

The solid-liquid mixture 91 is obtained by reacting a raw material 113, namely, a circuit board acid copper chloride etching waste liquid, with a raw material 114, namely, oxalic acid, wherein the main component of the circuit board acid copper chloride etching waste liquid is a mixed liquid of copper chloride and hydrochloric acid. The etching waste liquid reacts with oxalic acid to produce a solid-liquid mixture 91 of a mixed solution of copper chloride and hydrochloric acid and copper oxalate solid. To obtain pure copper oxalate, solid-liquid separation is performed on the solid-liquid mixture 91 of copper chloride, hydrochloric acid and copper oxalate by using a dehydrator 33, and the mixture of the filtered copper oxalate, the filtrate copper chloride and hydrochloric acid is separated to obtain trapped solid particles 107. Because the filter residue still contains a large amount of chloride ions, the filter residue needs to be added into the clean water 134 again for washing, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out by using the dehydrator 34 for the second time to obtain purer copper oxalate solid.

Specifically, the production raw material 113, namely the circuit board acid copper chloride etching waste liquid, and the production raw material 114, namely the solid oxalic acid are put into the temporary storage tank 46, and the impeller agitator 116 arranged in the temporary storage tank 46 is started to enable the solution to smoothly react, so that a solid-liquid mixture 91 of copper oxalate solid, copper chloride solution and hydrochloric acid is generated.

After the chemical reaction in the temporary storage tank 46 is finished for a period of time, the valve 71 is opened, the adjustable flow thick slurry pump 122 is started to pump the solid-liquid mixture 91 in the temporary storage tank 46 into the dehydrator 33 for press filtration and dehydration, the mixed solution of the filtrate copper chloride and the hydrochloric acid is discharged and drained into the temporary storage tank 50, and the retained solid particles 107 copper oxalate are retained in the dehydrator 33.

The dehydrator 33 is opened to remove the trapped solid particles 107 of copper oxalate and the copper oxalate is re-fed into the temporary storage tank 47. The clear water 134 is added to the temporary storage tank 47, and the impeller agitator 117 provided in the temporary storage tank 47 is turned on to change the solution in the temporary storage tank 47 into a solid-liquid mixture 92.

The valve 66 is opened, and the flow-adjustable thick matter pump 123 is started to pump the solid-liquid mixture 92 in the temporary storage tank 47 into the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 of the tank body 1 through the solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The impeller agitator 118 in the lower tank area is started, the valve 67 and the pump 81 are started, and the solid-liquid mixture 92 is washed by adding the clean water 134 into the tank body 1 through the solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The solution in the tank body 1 overflows upwards through the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4, and copper oxalate particles are trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer 4. The trapped copper oxalate is subjected to gravity and vibration of the mechanical vibration device 26 of the filter medium layer and the air backflushing device 29 of the filter medium layer from top to bottom, so that the trapped solid particles 108 which are partially adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer fall off and are deposited on the bottom of the tank to form a self-cleaning filter cake. Valve 68 and pump 82 are opened to allow filtrate 95 to be pumped through filtrate outlet conduit 13 into temporary storage tank 49. In the process, the solid-liquid mixture 92 is added, meanwhile, the clean water 134 is added into the tank body 1 for cleaning, and the solution in the tank body 1 is heated by the steam generator 135. When the solution in the temporary storage tank 47 is pumped, the flow-adjustable slurry pump 123 is turned off, the valve 66 is closed, and the impeller agitator 117 is turned off. After the filtrate 95 is detected as neutral solution, the air compressor 129 of the filter media layer gas backflushing device 29, the filter media layer mechanical vibration device 26, the impeller agitator 118, the pump 81, the water vapor generator 135 and the shut-off valve 67 and valve 70 are shut down. The valve 69 is then opened and the adjustable flow concentrate pump 124 is opened to pump the concentrate slurry 101 from the tank 1 through the concentrate slurry outlet pipe 16 into the dewatering machine 34 for dewatering. The concentrated slurry dewatering filtrate 136 discharged outwardly of the dewatering machine 34 is acid and/or brine or water, and the retained solid particles 109 copper oxalate are retained in the dewatering machine 34. After the filtration and separation operation is completed, the pump 82 and the adjustable flow thick stock pump 124 are shut down, and the valves 68 and 69 are closed. The dehydrator 34 is opened to remove the trapped solid particles 109 to obtain a purer copper oxalate.

The self-cleaning method for dredging the medium pore canal by using the filter cake to drop off the filter medium layer is adopted in the process, so that the solid-liquid separation of the copper oxalate solid-liquid mixture for rapid filtration is realized.

Example 5

FIG. 5 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment 5 of a self-cleaning cake filter apparatus for surface filtration according to the present utility model. The device comprises a tank body 1 of a filtering device, a filtering medium layer 4, a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7, a pressure relief pipe connected with a pressure relief liquid return pipe 31, a filtrate output pipe 13 which is a liquid outlet pipe of an upper tank zone, a concentrated slurry output pipe 16 which is a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank zone, electric small box vibrators 132-133 of the filtering medium layer, a tank maintenance manhole 59, temporary storage tanks 46-49, production raw materials 113-114, an impeller stirrer 116, flow-adjustable thick slurry pumps 122-123, dehydrators 33-34, valves and pumps.

The material of the filter medium layer 4 of this embodiment is glass beads. The filtrate is recovered by separating the solid-liquid mixture 92.

The solid-liquid mixture in the temporary storage tank 46 is obtained by reacting the production raw material 113, namely the mixed etching waste liquid of the acidic copper chloride and the ferric chloride of the circuit board, with the oxalic acid of the production raw material 114, and the main components of the solid-liquid mixture are the mixed solution of the copper chloride, the ferric chloride and the hydrochloric acid and the solid copper oxalate. In order to obtain pure mixed solution of copper chloride, ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid for recycling, a solid-liquid mixture mixed with copper oxalate solid in the mixed solution of copper chloride, ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid is subjected to rough filtration to obtain solid-liquid separation, and the separated mixed solution of the filtrate copper chloride, ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid is put into a temporary storage tank 48. Because the filtrate still contains a small amount of copper oxalate solids, the copper oxalate solids are required to be subjected to impurity removal treatment and are added into the tank body 1 of the filtering device again for continuous fine solid-liquid separation, so that the purer mixed solution of copper chloride, ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid meeting the etching process requirements is prepared for cyclic etching and recycling.

The tank maintenance manhole 59 is a through hole for maintenance workers to enter the tank for maintenance.

Specifically, the production raw material 113, that is, the circuit board acid copper chloride and ferric chloride mixed etching waste liquid and the production raw material 114 solid oxalic acid are put into the temporary storage tank 46, and the impeller stirrer 116 arranged in the temporary storage tank 46 is started to enable the solution to smoothly react, so that the solid-liquid mixture 91 of copper oxalate solid and copper chloride, ferric chloride solution and hydrochloric acid is generated.

After the solution is subjected to chemical reaction in the temporary storage tank 46 for a period of time, the valve 66 is opened, the adjustable flow thick slurry pump 122 is started to pump the solid-liquid mixture 91 in the temporary storage tank 46 into the dehydrator 33 for press filtration and dehydration, a small amount of copper oxalate solids still contained in the mixed solution of the filtrate copper chloride, ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid are discharged and drained into the temporary storage tank 48, and the retained solid particles 107 filter residues of copper oxalate are retained in the dehydrator 33.

The valve 67 is opened, and the pump 81 is started to pump the solid-liquid mixture 92 in the temporary storage tank 48 into the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 of the tank body 1 through the solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The acidic solution overflows upwards through the pores of the filter medium layer 4, and copper oxalate particles are trapped in the lower part of the filter medium layer 4. The trapped copper oxalate is subjected to gravity and vibration by the electric box vibrators 132-133, so that part of the trapped solid particles 107 adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer fall off as a self-cleaning filter cake and are deposited on the bottom of the tank. The valve 68 and the pump 82 are opened to allow the filtrate 95 to be pumped into the temporary storage tank 49 through the filtrate output pipe 13, and the valve 68 and the pump 82 can be closed after the solution on the upper part of the filter medium layer 4 of the tank body 1 is treated. After the treatment of the filtrate 95 is completed, the valve 69 is opened, the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 123 is started, and the concentrated thick liquid 101 in the tank body 1 is pumped into the dehydrator 34 through the concentrated thick liquid output pipe 16 for dehydration. The dehydrator 34 discharges the solution containing the solid-liquid mixture 93 outwardly and the trapped solid particles 107 copper oxalate remain in the dehydrator 34. After the concentrated slurry 101 is processed, the flow-rate-adjustable slurry pump 123 is turned off, and the valve 69 is closed. The solution containing the solid-liquid mixture 93 therein may be withdrawn into the holding tank 48 for reprocessing.

The self-cleaning filtering method which uses the filter cake falling off the filtering medium layer as a dredging medium pore canal realizes the preparation of etching acid liquor meeting the etching process requirement for recycling the circuit board acid etching waste liquor in the recycling process.

Example 6

FIG. 6 is a schematic process diagram of an embodiment 6 of a self-cleaning cake filter apparatus for surface filtration according to the present utility model. The device comprises a tank body 1-3 of a filtering device, a filtering medium layer 4-6, a solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7-9, a pressure relief pipe 10-12, a filtrate output pipe 13-15 which is a liquid outlet pipe of an upper tank zone, a concentrated slurry output pipe 16-18 which is a liquid outlet pipe of a lower tank zone, a pneumatic small box vibrator 130, an electric small box vibrator 132-133, a temporary storage tank 46-47, a dehydrator 33, an impeller stirrer 116, a detection sensor 37-42, an automatic detection feeding controller 36, an exhaust hole 62-4, a flow-adjustable thick slurry pump 122-125, a valve and other pumps and an air compressor 129.

The filter medium layers of the embodiment are all fine glass bead particles in polypropylene cloth bags, and particularly the support structure of the filter medium layers is a titanium metal net frame.

The production material 113 is a hydrochloric acid solution containing a small amount of sulfuric acid impurity, and the production material 114 is solid barium chloride.

The purpose of the filtration in this example is to remove sulfate radical from the hydrochloric acid, so that the quality of the hydrochloric acid meets the process requirements.

The specific process is as follows: the production raw material 113, i.e., the hydrochloric acid solution containing a trace amount of sulfuric acid impurities, is fed into the temporary storage tank 46, and when the production raw material 113 is fed into a fixed volume, the feeding is suspended and the feeding is changed to another fixed volume of the production raw material 114, i.e., barium chloride. The impeller agitator 116 provided in the temporary storage tank 46 is started to make the solution in the temporary storage tank 46 smoothly perform chemical reaction to generate a solid-liquid mixture 91 of hydrochloric acid and barium sulfate.

The valve 66 is opened and the adjustable flow thick stock pump 122 is started, and the solid-liquid mixture 91 is slowly pumped into the lower tank region of the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 of the tank body 1 through the solid-liquid mixture input pipe 7. The solution overflows upwards through the pore canal of the filter medium layer 4 through the titanium mesh into the upper groove area of the groove body 1, and the barium sulfate solid is trapped at the lower part by the filter medium layer 4. The pneumatic small box vibrator 130 arranged at the upper part of the filter medium layer 4 in the process is vibrated by the air supplied by the air compressor 129 to enable the filter medium layer 4 to shake simultaneously, so that part of solid barium sulfate adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer 4 is shaken off the filter medium layer to play a role in dredging the medium pore canal. The detection sensor 37 arranged in the lower tank area of the tank body 1 is used for detecting the turbidity of the solution in the tank body 1, and the output flow of the flow-adjustable thick slurry pump 122 is regulated and controlled by the detection data so as to meet the filtering process requirement. The detection sensor 38 is used for detecting the liquid level in the tank body 1, and when the liquid level reaches the height set by the process, the valve 67 and the pump 81 are opened to enable the filtrate 95 to be pumped into the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 5 of the tank body 2 through the filtrate output pipe 13.

The detection sensor 39 arranged in the lower tank area of the tank body 2 detects the turbidity of the filtrate 95 entering the tank body 2 in the filtering process, and when the turbidity is larger in set value, the data is transmitted to the automatic detection feeding controller 36 to adjust the output flow of the pump 81, so that the solution entering the tank body 2 is less lifted up by solid barium sulfate, and the pore canal blockage of the filter medium layer 5 is reduced. In the process, the solution overflows upwards into the upper groove area of the groove body 2 through the medium pore canal of the filter medium layer 5 by the titanium mesh, and the solid barium sulfate is trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer 5 by the filter medium layer 5. The electric small box vibrator 132 arranged on the upper part of the filter medium layer 5 is electrified to shake, and the solid barium sulfate adhered in the filter medium layer 5 is shaken off and deposited on the bottom of the tank body 2. The detection sensor 40 detects the liquid level of the filtrate 96 in the tank body 2, and the valve 69 and the pump 82 are opened according to the process requirement to enable the filtrate 96 to be pumped into the lower tank area of the lower part of the filter medium layer 6 of the tank body 3 through the filtrate output pipe 14.

The detection sensor 41 arranged in the lower tank area in the tank body 3 is used for detecting the turbidity of the filtrate 96 entering the tank body 3, and when the turbidity of the solution in the tank body 3 is small, the output flow of the adjustable pump 82 can be controlled to be increased by the automatic detection feeding controller 36 so as to meet the production requirement. The detecting sensor 42 is used for detecting the liquid level in the body tank 3, and the valve 71 and the pump 83 are opened according to the process requirement to pump the filtrate 97 into the temporary storage tank 47 through the filtrate output pipe 15. In the process, the solution overflows upwards through the medium pore canal of the filter medium layer 6 through the titanium mesh into the upper groove area of the groove body 3, and the solid barium sulfate is trapped at the lower part of the filter medium layer 6. When the electric small box vibrator 133 arranged on the upper part of the filter medium layer 6 is electrified to shake, barium sulfate adhered to the filter medium layer 6 falls off and is deposited on the bottom of the tank body 3.

After the detection sensor 37, the detection sensor 39 and the detection sensor 41 turn off the pump 81, the pump 82 and the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 122 according to the working time, the valve 68, the valve 70, the valve 72 and the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 123, the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 124 and the flow-adjustable thick liquid pump 125 are opened to respectively pump the concentrated slurry 101, the concentrated slurry 102 and the concentrated slurry 103 of the tank body 1, the tank body 2 and the tank body 3 into the dehydrator 33 through the concentrated slurry output pipes 16-18 for dehydration. The concentrated slurry dewatering filtrate 136, which is discharged from the dewatering machine, is an acid liquor, and the trapped solid particles 110, i.e., solid barium sulfate, remain in the dewatering machine 33 to be treated.

The process is to remove the solid impurities of barium sulfate in the hydrochloric acid by using a self-cleaning filter cake method, and the process improves the production efficiency compared with the common filtering equipment.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the filter medium layer of each embodiment is made of natural or artificial porous materials or a combination of the two, so that the trapped solid particles are trapped in the lower tank body of the tank body, and the blocking of the filter medium layer is reduced by self-weight sedimentation. And further, a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer falls off the filter medium layer to reduce blockage by additionally arranging a filter medium layer vibrating device and/or a filter medium layer liquid backflushing device and/or a filter medium layer gas backflushing device so as to improve the filtering effect.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a filtering device of top layer filtration self-cleaning filter cake, includes cell body and filter medium layer, its characterized in that: also include solid-liquid mixture input pipeline, wherein:

the filtering medium layer is arranged at any position between the bottom and the top in the tank body and divides the tank body into an upper tank area and a lower tank area, and the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is communicated with the lower tank area of the tank body;

the lower layer groove area of the groove body is communicated with a pressure relief pipe, and the height of the pressure relief pipe exceeds the top of the liquid in the groove body and is communicated with the atmosphere;

the filter medium layer liquid backflushing device is used for pumping filtrate and delivering the filtrate to the upper part of the filter medium layer to spray downwards so that a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer drops off the filter medium layer; the filter medium layer gas backflushing device obtains a high-pressure gas source from an air compressor, jets the filter medium layer from top to bottom through pipeline drainage, enables a filter cake adhered to the lower part of the filter medium layer to drop away from the filter medium layer, and comprises at least one of a hammer device, a pneumatic small box vibrator and an electric small box vibrator which mechanically move back and forth.

2. The filtering device for surface layer filtering self-cleaning filter cake according to claim 1, wherein: the upper layer groove area and the lower layer groove area of the groove body are respectively provided with a liquid outlet pipe with a valve switch.

3. The filtering device for surface layer filtering self-cleaning filter cake according to claim 2, wherein: an exhaust pipe communicated with the atmosphere is arranged in the upper groove area of the groove body.

4. A surface layer filtering self-cleaning cake filtering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the anti-caking liquid spraying device is used for guiding filtrate from the upper part of the filter medium layer through a pipeline and spraying the filtrate to the vicinity of a liquid outlet pipe inlet in a lower groove area at the lower part of the filter medium layer through a booster pump.

5. The surface layer filtering self-cleaning cake filtering device according to claim 4, wherein: the pressure relief pipe is connected with a hydraulic liquid return pipe near the top, and is used for guiding the solution overflowed from the tank body to return to the temporary storage tank for containing the solid-liquid mixture.

6. The surface layer filtering self-cleaning cake filtering device according to claim 5, wherein: the solid-liquid mixture input pipeline is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets with liquid jet flow directions facing the side wall of the tank body in the lower tank area of the tank body.

7. The surface layer filtering self-cleaning cake filtering device according to claim 6, wherein: the drain pipe arranged in the lower layer groove area of the lower part of the filter medium layer of the groove body is connected with a dehydrator.

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