CN219246934U

CN219246934U - Antenna device and antenna element

Info

Publication number: CN219246934U
Application number: CN202320262272.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李明超; 苏国生; 郑之伦
Original assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-21
Filing date: 2023-02-21
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-21

Abstract

The present utility model relates to an antenna device and an antenna element, the antenna element comprising: oscillator feed pin, feed piece, coupling conductor and coaxial cable. The vibrator feed pin is of a hollow structure. The feed piece is arranged in the vibrator feed pin in a penetrating way. The coupling conductor is hollow structure, and the coupling conductor couples with oscillator feed pin and links to each other. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is soldered to the coupling conductor and the inner core of the coaxial cable is soldered to the port of the feed tab. The coupling conductor realizes the connection between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable and the oscillator feed pin, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is not directly welded on the oscillator feed pin as in the traditional technology, thereby realizing the electroplating-free of the antenna oscillator, reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency; in addition, a coupling connection feed mode is adopted, so that intermodulation hidden danger caused by metal contact connection is avoided, and intermodulation control cost is reduced; in addition, the coupling conductor is designed into a hollow structure, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the cost of the antenna oscillator is reduced by more than 25%.

Description

Antenna device and antenna element

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to the field of antenna communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna device and an antenna element.

Background

With the development of mobile communication networks, network systems have been developed into heterogeneous networks in which 4G/5G multiple systems coexist, and in order to be compatible with multiple communication systems, ultra-wideband antennas are widely used, so that system networking is more complex and the cost is higher; but energy conservation and emission reduction, low carbon and high efficiency are the requirements of the social and economic development on the field of mobile antennas.

The antenna element is used as a main core component of the base station antenna, the performance of the antenna element directly influences the performance of the antenna, the network coverage quality is further influenced, and the processing cost of the antenna element also directly influences the manufacturing cost of the base station antenna.

The antenna element formed by traditional die casting can be divided into direct feeding and coupling feeding according to feeding modes, but in a typical antenna adopting coaxial network feeding, no matter which feeding mode needs to be welded on the antenna element, so that the surface of the antenna element needs to be subjected to electroplating process treatment, and the surface of the antenna element has higher requirements on the quality of a coating, so that the production cost of the antenna element is higher, and the electroplating requirement of a large-volume structure is high, and the antenna element is difficult to meet the manufacturing requirements of green low carbon. In addition, when the antenna element is assembled by a welding mode, the production efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide an antenna device and an antenna element, which can realize a plating-free process, reduce production costs, and improve production efficiency.

The technical scheme is as follows: an antenna element, the antenna element comprising:

a vibrator feed pin, wherein the vibrator feed pin is of a hollow structure;

the feed piece is arranged in the vibrator feed pin in a penetrating way;

the coupling conductor is a hollow conductor tube, and the hollow conductor tube is coupled and connected with the oscillator feed pin; and

and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the coupling conductor, and the inner core of the coaxial cable is welded to the port of the feed piece.

In one embodiment, the coupling conductor and the oscillator feed pin are provided with a gap, and the coupling conductor and the oscillator feed pin are mutually coupled through the gap; or an insulating medium piece is arranged between the coupling conductor and the oscillator feed pin, and the coupling conductor is fixedly connected with the oscillator feed pin through the insulating medium piece.

In one embodiment, the oscillator feed pin is arranged inside the coupling conductor in a penetrating way; or the coupling conductor penetrates through the inner part of the oscillator feed pin.

In one embodiment, the coupling conductor is a tube; and/or the side wall of the coupling conductor is of a closed structure or a semi-open structure.

In one embodiment, the coupling conductor is an integrally formed weldable metal piece;

alternatively, the coupling conductor includes a first body portion and a solderable metal layer disposed on an exterior of the first body portion.

In one embodiment, the metal part is a copper part.

In one embodiment, a first welding groove is formed in the bottom end of the coupling conductor, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is welded to the first welding groove.

In one embodiment, the antenna element further includes an element base, a balun portion, and a radiating portion; the oscillator feed pin is connected to the lower portion of the oscillator base, the balun portion is connected with the oscillator base, and the radiation portion is connected with the balun portion.

In one embodiment, the oscillator feed leg is arranged inside the coupling conductor in a penetrating manner, and the coupling conductor is provided with a first flanging which is mutually coupled with the bottom surface of the oscillator base and/or a first extension part which is mutually coupled with the balun part.

In one embodiment, an insulating medium piece is arranged between the coupling conductor and the oscillator feed pin, and the insulating medium piece is provided with a second flanging between the first flanging and the bottom surface of the oscillator base, and/or a second extending part between the first extending part and the balun part.

In one embodiment, the oscillator base, the oscillator feed pin, the balun portion and the radiating portion are integrally die-cast or sheet-metal formed aluminum or zinc pieces.

An antenna device comprising said antenna element.

According to the antenna device and the antenna oscillator, the coupling conductor with the hollow structure is added at the oscillator feed pin, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected with the coupling conductor in a welding way, and the coupling conductor is connected with the oscillator feed pin in a coupling way, so that the coupling conductor realizes the connection between the outer conductor of the coaxial cable and the oscillator feed pin, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is not directly welded and connected to the oscillator feed pin as in the conventional technology, thereby realizing the electroplating-free of the antenna oscillator, reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency; in addition, a coupling connection feed mode is adopted, so that intermodulation hidden danger caused by metal contact connection is avoided, and intermodulation control cost is reduced; in addition, the coupling conductor is designed into a hollow structure, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the cost of the antenna oscillator is reduced by more than 25%.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structure of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

10. A vibrator feed pin; 20. a feeding sheet; 21. a second welding groove; 30. a coupling conductor; 31. a first welding groove; 32. a first flanging; 33. a first extension; 40. a coaxial cable; 41. an outer conductor; 42. an inner core; 50. an insulating dielectric member; 51. a partition plate; 511. a buckle; 52. a second extension; 60. a vibrator base; 70. a balun portion; 71. balun monomers; 72. a slit; 80. a radiation part.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model. The present utility model may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, whereby the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 2 shows an exploded structural diagram of the structure shown in fig. 1. An embodiment of the present utility model provides an antenna element, including: a vibrator feed pin 10, a feed piece 20, a coupling conductor 30, and a coaxial cable 40. The vibrator feed pin 10 has a hollow structure. The feeding sheet 20 is inserted into the vibrator feeding pin 10. The coupling conductor 30 is a hollow conductor tube, and the hollow conductor tube is coupled to the vibrator feed pin 10. The outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is soldered to the coupling conductor 30 and the inner core 42 of the coaxial cable 40 is soldered to the port of the feed tab 20.

According to the antenna oscillator, the coupling conductor 30 with the hollow structure is added at the oscillator feed pin 10, and the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is welded and connected with the coupling conductor 30, and the coupling conductor 30 is coupled and connected with the oscillator feed pin 10, so that the coupling conductor 30 realizes the connection between the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 and the oscillator feed pin 10, the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is not directly welded and connected to the oscillator feed pin 10 as in the conventional technology, and a weldable metal layer is not required to be plated on the oscillator feed pin 10, thereby being beneficial to realizing electroplating-free of the antenna oscillator, reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency; in addition, a coupling connection feed mode is adopted, so that intermodulation hidden danger caused by metal contact connection is avoided, and intermodulation control cost is reduced; in addition, the coupling conductor 30 is designed to be of a hollow structure, has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, can be flexibly applied to the antenna element, and can reduce the cost of the antenna element by more than 25%.

In one embodiment, the coupling conductor 30 is provided with a gap with the element feed pin 10, and the coupling conductor 30 is coupled with the element feed pin 10 through the gap to realize feeding to the radiating portion 80. Alternatively, referring to fig. 1 and 2, an insulating medium member 50 is disposed between the coupling conductor 30 and the oscillator feed pin 10, and the coupling conductor 30 is fixedly connected to the oscillator feed pin 10 through the insulating medium member 50. In this way, the insulating dielectric member 50 separates the coupling conductor 30 and the element feed pin 10 from each other, thereby achieving a coupling connection between the coupling conductor 30 and the element feed pin 10.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the oscillator feed pin 10 is disposed through the coupling conductor 30. Alternatively, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna element according to another embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 4 is an exploded structural diagram of the structure shown in fig. 3. The coupling conductor 30 is provided inside the vibrator feed pin 10. In this way, the mutual coupling between the oscillator feed pin 10 and the coupling conductor 30 can be achieved regardless of whether the oscillator feed pin 10 is provided inside the coupling conductor 30 or whether the coupling conductor 30 is provided inside the oscillator feed pin 10.

Referring to fig. 2 or 4, in one embodiment, the coupling conductor 30 includes, but is not limited to, a tube.

Referring to fig. 2 or 4, in one embodiment, the sidewalls of the coupling conductor 30 are of a closed or semi-open configuration.

It should be noted that the closed structure means that in the cross section of the side wall of the coupling conductor 30, a closed loop is obtained, i.e. for example, a point of the closed loop is selected as a starting point, from which a turn of the loop is run along the closed loop, which can be returned to. Optionally, the shape of the closed ring is, for example, a circular ring, an elliptical ring, a square shape, or other regular and irregular shapes, and can be specifically adjusted and set according to actual requirements. In this embodiment, the side walls of the coupling conductor 30 and the side walls of the element feed pin 10 are adapted to each other in order to improve the coupling effect.

It should be noted that, the semi-open structure, i.e., the non-closed structure, refers to a non-closed ring formed with a notch in the cross section of the side wall of the coupling conductor 30. Optionally, the shape of the non-closed ring is, for example, a circular ring, an elliptical ring, a square shape, or other regular and irregular shapes, which can be specifically adjusted and set according to actual requirements.

In one embodiment, the coupling conductor 30 is an integrally formed, weldable metal piece. In this manner, the coupling conductor 30 is integrally formed from a weldable metal member, which facilitates the welded connection with the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40. Among them, the weldable metal member is preferably a copper member, thereby contributing to low production cost.

In some embodiments, the coupling conductor 30 is made, in particular, for example, using copper pipe machining, or using sheet metal, for example copper, by sheet metal processes.

In another embodiment, the coupling conductor 30 includes a first body portion and a solderable metal layer overlying the exterior of the first body portion. Alternatively, the first body portion may be a metallic material or a non-metallic material, without limitation. The solderable metal layer may be formed by electroplating or multiple arc plasma deposition or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment, a bottom end of the coupling conductor 30 is provided with a first soldering groove 31, and an outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is soldered to the first soldering groove 31. In this way, the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 can be easily welded and fixed to the first welding groove 31.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment, the bottom end of the feeding tab 20 is provided with a second welding groove 21, and the inner core 42 of the coaxial cable 40 is welded to the second welding groove 21. In this way, the inner core 42 of the coaxial cable 40 can be easily welded to the second welding groove 21.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, fig. 5 and 6 respectively show schematic structural diagrams of antenna elements according to two other embodiments of the present utility model. In one embodiment, the antenna element further includes an element base 60, a balun portion 70, and a radiating portion 80. The oscillator feed pin 10 is connected to the lower side of the oscillator base 60, the balun portion 70 is connected to the oscillator base 60, and the radiating portion 80 is connected to the balun portion 70.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in one embodiment, the oscillator feed pin 10 is disposed inside the coupling conductor 30. The coupling conductor 30 is provided with a first flange 32 (as shown in fig. 5) which is coupled to the bottom surface of the vibrator base 60 and/or a first extension 33 (as shown in fig. 6) which is coupled to the balun portion 70. In this way, the coupling effect can be enhanced and the antenna index can be improved by coupling the first flange 32 with the bottom surface of the vibrator base 60; similarly, the coupling effect can be enhanced and the antenna index can be improved by coupling the first extension portion 33 and the balun portion 70 to each other.

It should be noted that, preferably, the "first flange 32 and the first extension portion 33" may be "a portion of the coupling conductor 30", that is, the "first flange 32 and the first extension portion 33" are integrally formed with "other portions of the coupling conductor 30"; it is also possible that a separate component, i.e. "first flange 32, first extension 33" may be manufactured separately from "other parts of coupling conductor 30" and then combined in one piece with "other parts of coupling conductor 30".

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in one embodiment, an insulating medium member 50 is disposed between the coupling conductor 30 and the oscillator feed pin 10. The insulating medium member 50 is provided with a second flange (specifically, for example, a spacer 51 hereinafter, as shown in fig. 5) between the first flange 32 and the bottom surface of the vibrator base 60, and/or a second extension 52 (as shown in fig. 6) between the first extension 33 and the balun portion 70.

It should be noted that, the "second flange and the second extension portion 52" may be "a part of the insulating medium member 50", that is, the "second flange and the second extension portion 52" are integrally formed with "other parts of the insulating medium member 50"; or a separate component which is separable from the other part of the insulating medium member 50, namely, the second flange and the second extension 52 can be manufactured independently and then combined with the other part of the insulating medium member 50 into a whole.

Referring to any one of fig. 1 to 6, in a preferred embodiment, the oscillator base 60, the oscillator feed pins 10, the balun portion 70 and the radiating portion 80 are integrally die-cast or sheet-metal formed aluminum or zinc. Alternatively, the oscillator base 60, the oscillator feed pin 10, the balun portion 70, and the radiating portion 80 may be integrally formed aluminum alloy pieces or zinc alloy pieces. Thus, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the whole antenna element is free from electroplating.

The "oscillator feed pin 10 and balun portion 70" may be "a part of the oscillator base 60", that is, "the oscillator feed pin 10 and balun portion 70" are integrally formed with "other parts of the oscillator base 60"; the oscillator power feeding pin 10 and the balun portion 70 may be made separately from the other parts of the oscillator base 60, and then combined with the other parts of the oscillator base 60 into a whole.

In some embodiments, the element feed pins 10 are one or two. When the number of the oscillator feed pins 10 is two, the number of the coupling conductors 30, the feed pieces 20, and the coaxial cables 40 is two, respectively, and the coupling conductors, the feed pieces 20, and the coaxial cables are arranged corresponding to the two oscillator feed pins 10. In addition, the radiating arms of the radiating portion 80 are correspondingly four, so that dual-polarized antenna signals are transmitted.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 5, in some embodiments, when two insulating medium pieces 50 are provided, and the two insulating medium pieces 50 are respectively sleeved outside the two oscillator feed pins 10, a separation plate 51 is connected between the two insulating medium pieces 50. The isolation plate 51 is also made of an insulating dielectric material, and the isolation plate 51 is abutted against the bottom surface of the oscillator base 60, so that the coupling conductor 30 and the bottom surface of the oscillator base 60 are isolated from each other.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, optionally, at least one buckle 511 is disposed on the isolation board 51, and the buckle 511 and the vibrator base 60 are fastened and fixed mutually.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, specifically, the buckle 511 is not limited to one, for example, two, three, or four. In addition, the buckle 511 is fastened and fixed in the gap 72 of the balun portion 70, so that the fixing effect is good, and the installation operation is convenient and quick.

The balun portion 70 is provided with four balun monomers 71, the four balun monomers 71 are respectively connected with the vibrator base 60, and two adjacent balun monomers 71 are matched to form a gap 72. The number of the buckles 511 is four, and the four buckles 511 are respectively clamped and fixed in the four gaps 72.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in one embodiment, one of the feeding pads 20 is coupled to and fed by two radiating arms of one pair of polarizations, one of the balun monomers 71 is formed with a recess corresponding to one of the feeding pads 20, the vibrator base 60 is provided with a through hole opposite to the cavity of one of the vibrator feeding pins 10, and one of the feeding pads 20 extends into the cavity of one of the vibrator feeding pins 10 through the recess and the through hole. Similarly, the other feeding tab 20 is coupled to the two radiating arms of the other pair of polarization to feed, the other balun body 71 is formed with a recess adapted to the other feeding tab 20, the oscillator base 60 is provided with a through hole opposite to the cavity of the other oscillator feeding leg 10, and the other feeding tab 20 extends into the cavity of the other oscillator feeding leg 10 through the recess and the through hole.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, an antenna device includes an antenna element according to any of the above embodiments.

In the antenna device, the coupling conductor 30 with a hollow structure is added at the oscillator feed pin 10, and the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is welded and connected with the coupling conductor 30, so that the coupling conductor 30 is coupled and connected with the oscillator feed pin 10, the coupling conductor 30 realizes the connection between the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 and the oscillator feed pin 10, and the outer conductor 41 of the coaxial cable 40 is not directly welded and connected with the oscillator feed pin 10 as in the conventional technology, thereby realizing the electroplating-free of the antenna oscillator, reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency; in addition, a coupling connection feed mode is adopted, so that intermodulation hidden danger caused by metal contact connection is avoided, and intermodulation control cost is reduced; in addition, the coupling conductor 30 is designed to be a hollow structure, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the cost of the antenna element is reduced by more than 25%.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the utility model, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which are all within the scope of the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present utility model is to be determined by the appended claims.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.

Claims

1. An antenna element, the antenna element comprising:

a vibrator feed pin, wherein the vibrator feed pin is of a hollow structure;

the feed piece is arranged in the vibrator feed pin in a penetrating way;

2. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein said coupling conductor is provided with a gap with said element feed leg, said coupling conductor being mutually coupled with said element feed leg through said gap; or an insulating medium piece is arranged between the coupling conductor and the oscillator feed pin, and the coupling conductor is fixedly connected with the oscillator feed pin through the insulating medium piece.

3. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein said element feed leg is disposed through an interior of said coupling conductor; or the coupling conductor penetrates through the inner part of the oscillator feed pin.

4. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the coupling conductor is a tube; and/or the side wall of the coupling conductor is of a closed structure or a semi-open structure.

5. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the coupling conductor is an integrally formed weldable metal piece;

6. The antenna element of claim 5, wherein the metal piece is a copper piece.

7. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein a bottom end of the coupling conductor is provided with a first soldering groove, and wherein the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is soldered to the first soldering groove.

8. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an element base, a balun portion, and a radiating portion; the oscillator feed pin is connected to the lower portion of the oscillator base, the balun portion is connected with the oscillator base, and the radiation portion is connected with the balun portion.

9. The antenna element of claim 8, wherein the element feed leg is disposed through the coupling conductor, the coupling conductor being provided with a first flange that is coupled to the bottom surface of the element base and/or a first extension that is coupled to the balun portion.

10. The antenna element of claim 9, wherein an insulating dielectric member is provided between the coupling conductor and the element feed leg, the insulating dielectric member being provided with a second flange between the first flange and the bottom surface of the element base, and/or a second extension between the first extension and the balun portion.

11. The antenna element of claim 8, wherein the element base, the element feed leg, the balun portion, and the radiating portion are integrally die-cast or sheet-metal molded aluminum or zinc pieces.

12. An antenna arrangement, characterized in that it comprises an antenna element according to any of claims 1-11.