CN219224641U - System for researching hydraulic fracturing crack extension by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance - Google Patents
System for researching hydraulic fracturing crack extension by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN219224641U CN219224641U CN202223000786.6U CN202223000786U CN219224641U CN 219224641 U CN219224641 U CN 219224641U CN 202223000786 U CN202223000786 U CN 202223000786U CN 219224641 U CN219224641 U CN 219224641U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of unconventional natural gas development of coal bed gas, shale gas and the like, and particularly relates to a system for researching hydraulic fracturing crack propagation by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance. The rock core holder, the hydraulic fracturing simulation device, the gas injection device, the vacuumizing device and the gas metering device are utilized, the hydraulic fracturing is simulated through a physical experiment, so that the rock core generates cracks, then two gases of nitrogen and carbon dioxide are respectively or simultaneously injected into the rock core according to different proportions and flow rates, the migration condition of methane is detected through nuclear magnetic resonance, and the crack development condition in the rock core is obtained through calculation, so that the function of simulating the process of researching the crack development condition and displacing the natural gas by utilizing single gas of nitrogen or carbon dioxide or mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the hydraulic fracturing is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of unconventional natural gas development of coal bed gas, shale gas and the like, and particularly relates to a system for researching hydraulic fracturing crack propagation by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance.
Background
Unconventional natural gas such as shale gas, coal bed gas and the like is mainly in an adsorption state or an adsorption state and is stored in an unconventional natural gas reservoir. Unconventional natural gas reservoirs generally have low permeability and low natural productivity, and new production technology is urgently needed after production reaches a certain stage, so that the natural gas yield is increased.
Currently, carbon dioxide or nitrogen is injected into an unconventional natural gas reservoir to displace natural gas, and the principle is that the carbon dioxide or nitrogen is injected into the unconventional natural gas reservoir, so that the effective partial pressure of methane is reduced through the competitive adsorption effect of the carbon dioxide or nitrogen and the methane, the desorption of methane adsorbed by the unconventional natural gas reservoir is promoted, and free gas is displaced, so that the yield and recovery ratio of the unconventional natural gas are improved.
Nuclear magnetic resonance is a means for representing an internal structure through a frequency spectrum signal, compared with other representing means, nuclear magnetic resonance is more accurate, guidance significance is more important, and by utilizing the technology, the research in the reservoir pore cracks can be more accurate, and the precision is higher.
The main technical problems existing in the prior published patent at present are as follows:
1. few experimental systems and methods for displacement of natural gas from mixed gas and few ways of effectively mixing carbon dioxide with nitrogen and methane are currently under study.
2. In the current research, few experimental systems and methods are used for researching the mixed gas displacement and replacing the natural gas in real time, the current displacement and replacement mostly calculate the displacement and replacement effect through modes of adsorption volume, gas injection flow and the like, and the research on the mechanism of the displacement and replacement in the rock core is less.
3. In the current research, the form and direction of the hydraulic fracture expansion are less in the fine characterization research of the fracture length of the fracture height.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a system for researching hydraulic fracture crack propagation by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance, which aims to solve the problems that carbon monoxide cannot be effectively mixed with nitrogen and methane in the prior art, the research on the mechanism of displacement in a rock core is less, and the research on the fine characterization of the crack length of a high-seam crack is less for the form and the direction of hydraulic fracture crack propagation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model proposes the following technical scheme:
a system for researching hydraulic fracture propagation by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance comprises a core holder, a hydraulic fracture conveying device, a gas injection device, a vacuumizing device and a gas metering device;
the inlet end of the core holder is connected with a hydraulic fracturing conveying device, a gas injection device and a vacuumizing device, and the outlet end of the core holder is connected with a gas metering device;
the core holder is placed in a second temperature control box, the outside of the second temperature control box is connected with a nuclear magnetic resonance device, and the core holder is connected with a pressure reducing valve through a pressure control device.
Preferably, the hydraulic fracturing conveying device comprises a storage tank, a first valve, a booster pump and a first flowmeter which are connected in sequence;
the storage tank is filled with a mixture of fracturing fluid and propping agent and is provided with scales;
a first pressure gauge and a first thermometer are arranged above the storage tank.
Preferably, the vacuumizing device comprises a ninth valve and a vacuum pump; the vacuum pump is connected to the inlet of the core holder through a ninth valve and an eighth pressure gauge.
Preferably, the gas injection device comprises three branches:
the first branch comprises a first gas cylinder, the outlet end of the first gas cylinder is sequentially connected with a first pump, a first storage tank and a fourth valve;
the second branch comprises a second gas cylinder, and the outlet end of the second gas cylinder is sequentially connected with a fifth valve and a second storage tank;
the third branch comprises a third gas cylinder, the outlet end of the third gas cylinder is connected with a second storage tank, and the second storage tank is connected with a constant-speed constant-pressure pump;
the fourth valve is connected with the inlet of the rock core holder after being converged with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump.
Preferably, the outlet end of the first gas cylinder is connected with a first pump through a second valve and a second pressure gauge, the first pump is connected with a first storage tank through a first one-way valve, and the first storage tank is connected with a fourth valve through a second one-way valve and a first flowmeter;
the outlet end of the second gas cylinder is connected with a second storage tank through a fifth valve, a fourth pressure gauge and a second pump; the second storage tank is connected with a constant-speed constant-pressure pump through a fifth one-way valve, a third flowmeter and an eighth valve in sequence;
the outlet end of the third gas cylinder is connected with a second storage tank through a sixth valve and a third pump;
the side surface of the first pump is connected with a first air compressor, the top of the first storage tank is connected with a third pressure gauge and a second thermometer, and the bottom of the first storage tank is connected with a third valve;
the side surface of the second pump is connected with a second air compressor;
the top of the second storage tank is connected with a sixth pressure gauge and a third thermometer, the second storage tank is arranged inside the first temperature control box, and the sixth pressure gauge and the third thermometer are arranged outside the first temperature control box;
the right side of the bottom of the second storage tank is connected with a seventh valve; a stirring rod is arranged in the second storage tank and is sequentially connected with a right motor, a switch and a battery through a circuit; and a seventh pressure gauge is arranged at the top of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump.
A fifth pressure gauge is externally connected to a connecting channel between the sixth valve and the third pump, and the side surface of the third pump is connected with the third air compressor.
Preferably, the outside of the second temperature control box is sequentially connected with the radio frequency device and the computer through a circuit.
Preferably, the gas metering device comprises a filter, a tenth pressure gauge, a fifteenth valve, a pressure reducing valve, a methane gas infrared online analyzer, a carbon dioxide infrared gas online analyzer, a fourth flowmeter and an air bag;
the filter, the tenth pressure gauge, the fifteenth valve, the pressure reducing valve, the methane gas infrared online analyzer, the carbon dioxide infrared gas online analyzer, the fourth flowmeter and the air bag are sequentially connected, and the filter is connected with the outlet of the core holder.
Preferably, the pressure control device comprises a hand pump, a twelfth valve and a buffer tank, and the hand pump, the twelfth valve and the buffer tank are connected in sequence;
the buffer tank is connected with three branches, the buffer tank of the first branch is connected with a tenth valve, and the tenth valve is connected with the inlet side of the core holder;
the second branch buffer tank is connected with an eleventh valve, and the eleventh valve is connected with the core holder;
the third branch buffer tank is connected with a fourteenth valve and a pressure reducing valve;
the top of the buffer tank is connected with a ninth pressure gauge, and the side surface of the buffer tank is connected with a tenth valve.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the system for researching the expansion of the hydraulic fracturing cracks by using nuclear magnetic resonance is formed by using a core holder, a hydraulic fracturing conveying device, a gas injection device, a vacuumizing device and a gas metering device, hydraulic fracturing is simulated by using the hydraulic fracturing conveying device, so that the cracks are generated in the core, the gas injection device injects mixed gas into the core, the migration condition of methane is detected by using the nuclear magnetic resonance device, and the crack development condition in the core is obtained by calculation by using the gas metering device, so that the functions of researching the crack development condition and displacing natural gas by using nitrogen or carbon dioxide single gas or the mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the hydraulic fracturing are realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present utility model for studying hydraulic fracture propagation using nuclear magnetic resonance.
Wherein 1 is a storage tank; 2 is a first pressure gauge; 3 is a first thermometer; 4 is a first valve; 5 is a booster pump; 6 is a first flowmeter; 7 is a first gas cylinder; 8 is a second valve; 9 is a second pressure gauge; 10 is a first air compressor; 11 a first pump; 12 is a first one-way valve; 13 is a third pressure gauge; 14 is a second thermometer; 15 is a first reservoir; 16 is a second one-way valve; 17 is a third valve; 18 is a second flowmeter; 19 is a fourth valve; 20 is a second cylinder; 21 is a fifth valve; 22 is a fourth pressure gauge; 23 is a second air compressor; 24 is a second pump; 25 is a third cylinder; 26 is a sixth valve; 27 is a fifth pressure gauge; 28 is a third air compressor; 29 is a third pump; 30 is a sixth pressure gauge; 31 is a third thermometer; 32 is a second reservoir; 33 is a first temperature control box; 34 is an electric motor; 35 is a switch; 36 is a battery; 37 is a third one-way valve; 38 is a seventh valve; 39 is a third flowmeter; 40 an eighth valve; 41 is a seventh pressure gauge; 42 constant speed constant pressure pump; 43 is a ninth valve; 44 is a vacuum pump; 45 is an eighth pressure gauge; 46 is a tenth valve; 47 is an eleventh valve; 48 is a second temperature control box; 49 is a core holder; 50 is a hand pump; 51 is a twelfth valve; 52 buffer tanks; 53 is a ninth pressure gauge; 54 is a tenth valve; 55 a fourteenth valve; 56 is a filter; 57 is a tenth pressure gauge; 58 is a fifteenth valve; 59 a pressure relief valve; 60 is a methane infrared analyzer; 61 is a carbon dioxide infrared analyzer; 62 is a fourth flow meter; 63 air bags; 64 is a radio frequency device; 65 is a computer.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further details of the utility model. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the utility model.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present utility model provides a system for researching hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance, comprising: the hydraulic fracturing device comprises a core holder 49, a hydraulic fracturing conveying device, a gas injection device, a vacuumizing device, a pressure control device and a gas metering device;
the core holder 49 for holding the core is arranged in the second temperature control box 48, the inlet end of the core holder 49 is connected with a hydraulic fracturing conveying device and a gas injection device, the inlet of the core holder 49 is connected with a vacuumizing device, the outlet of the core holder 49 is connected with a gas metering device, the outside of the second temperature control box 48 is connected with a nuclear magnetic resonance device, and a pressure control device is connected between the core holder 49 and the pressure reducing valve 59.
The core holder 49 is a high-pressure-resistant piston container, and a plurality of temperature probes are arranged in the core holder and used for monitoring the internal temperature of the holder, so that the experiment is more fit with the actual situation.
The hydraulic fracturing conveying device comprises a storage tank 1, a first valve 4, a booster pump 5 and a first flowmeter 6, wherein the storage tank 1, the first valve 4, the booster pump 5 and the first flowmeter 6 are sequentially connected through pipelines.
The mixture of the fracturing fluid and the propping agent is arranged in the storage tank 1, and scales are marked, so that the volume change of the fracturing fluid and the propping agent can be intuitively found; a first pressure gauge 2 and a first thermometer 3 are arranged above the tank 1 for detecting the temperature and pressure in the tank.
The gas injection device comprises three branches:
the first branch comprises a first gas bottle 7 filled with hydrocarbon gas, and the outlet end of the first gas bottle 7 is sequentially connected with a second valve 8, a second pressure gauge 9, a first pump 11, a first one-way valve 12, a first storage tank 15, a second one-way valve 16, a first flowmeter 18 and a fourth valve 19; the first storage tank 15 has the characteristic of high temperature and high pressure resistance, and the third pressure gauge 13 and the second temperature gauge 14 are used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the first storage tank 15; the first check valve 12 prevents the pressurized methane gas from flowing backwards and the second check valve 16 prevents the gas flowing out of the tank from flowing backwards back into the tank.
The side surface of the first pump 11 is connected with the first air compressor 10, the top of the first storage tank 15 is connected with a third pressure gauge 13 and a second thermometer 14, and the bottom of the first storage tank is connected with a third valve 17; the third valve 17 is a vent valve of the first tank 7.
The second branch comprises a second gas cylinder 20 filled with nitrogen, and the outlet end of the second gas cylinder 20 is sequentially connected with a fifth valve 21, a fourth pressure gauge 22, a second pump 24 and a second storage tank 32;
wherein the side surface of the second pump 24 is connected with the second air compressor 23; the second storage tank 32 is arranged in the first temperature control box 33, the top of the second storage tank 32 is connected with a sixth pressure gauge 30 and a third temperature gauge 31, the sixth pressure gauge 30 and the third temperature gauge 31 are positioned outside the first temperature control box 33, and the right side of the bottom of the second storage tank 32 is connected with a seventh valve 38; the second storage tank 32 is internally provided with a stirring rod which is connected with a motor 34, a switch 35 and a battery 36 in sequence through a circuit; seventh valve 38 is a vent valve for second tank 20.
The second tank 32 has a characteristic of being resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and the sixth pressure gauge 30 and the third temperature gauge 31 are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas in the second tank 32.
The third branch comprises a third gas cylinder 25 filled with carbon dioxide, the outlet end of the third gas cylinder 25 is sequentially connected with a sixth valve 26, and a third pump 29 is connected with a second storage tank 32;
a fifth pressure gauge 27 is externally connected to a connecting channel between the sixth valve 26 and the third pump 29, and the side surface of the third pump 29 is connected with a third air compressor 28.
The second storage tank 32 is connected with a third check valve 37, a third flowmeter 39, an eighth valve 40 and a constant-speed constant-pressure pump 42 in sequence through pipelines; wherein, constant speed constant pressure pump 42 top is equipped with seventh manometer 41. The third one-way valve 37 prevents the gas flowing out of the tank from flowing back into the tank. The constant-speed constant-pressure pump 42 is used for pumping the liquid carbon dioxide in the second storage tank 32 into the core holder 49, and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 42 has the functions of measuring the instantaneous mass flow rate and the accumulated mass of the carbon dioxide.
In the gas injection device, the fourth valve 19 is connected to the eighth pressure gauge 45 and the inlet of the core holder 49 in this order after merging with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 42. The eighth pressure gauge 45 is used for detecting the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder 49.
The evacuating device comprises a ninth valve 43 and a vacuum pump 44, the ninth valve 43 and the vacuum pump 44 being connected in sequence to an eighth pressure gauge 45, the inlet of the core holder 49. The vacuum pump 44 is used to evacuate the system and to exhaust the air in the experimental system from affecting the experimental accuracy and effect.
The outside of the second temperature control box 48 is sequentially connected with the radio frequency device 64 and the computer 65 through a circuit, and the second temperature control box 48 has the characteristic of flexibly setting the temperature, and a magnetic field required by nuclear magnetic resonance is further arranged therein.
The radio frequency device 64 mainly comprises a radio frequency transmitting part and a set of receiving systems for magnetic resonance signals. The transmitting part corresponds to a radio transmitter, which is a single sideband transmitting device with precise adjustable waveform and frequency spectrum, and the peak transmitting power of the transmitting part is adjustable from hundreds of kilowatts to fifteen kilowatts. The receiving system is used for receiving the free induction decay signal reflected by the rock core. Since such signals are very weak, the overall gain of the receiving system is required to be high and the noise must be low. Common spectrometers employ superheterodyne receiving systems with a main gain of the intermediate frequency amplifier. Since the intermediate frequency amplifier operates in a different frequency band from the transmitting system, direct interference of the transmission can be avoided. A receiving gate, i.e. a radio frequency switch, is arranged between the preamplifier and the intermediate amplifier, which is essentially closed at the moment of operation of the transmitting system, preventing powerful radio frequency transmitting signals from entering the receiving system. The FID (free decay signal) signal after intermediate frequency amplification generally has amplitude exceeding 0.5V, and can be detected, and after detection, the signal is amplified and filtered.
The computer 65 is used for processing and storing nuclear magnetic resonance waves. Converting the magnetic resonance signals into digital values through a converter and storing the digital values in a temporary storage, processing the original data according to a required method by an image to obtain images with different parameters of magnetic resonance, storing the images in an image storage, calculating the densities of T1, T2 and protons by a computer, and sending the reconstructed images into a display to display the characteristics of crack morphology and the like of a core.
The gas metering device comprises a filter 56, a tenth pressure gauge 57, a fifteenth valve 58, a pressure reducing valve 59, a methane gas infrared online analyzer 60, a carbon dioxide infrared gas online analyzer 61, a fourth flowmeter 62 and a gas cylinder 63; the filter 56 is connected to the outlet of the core holder 49, and the filter 56, the tenth pressure gauge 57, the fifteenth valve 58, the pressure reducing valve 59, the methane gas infrared on-line analyzer 60, the carbon dioxide infrared gas on-line analyzer 61, the fourth flow meter 62 and the air bag 63 are sequentially connected. The tenth pressure gauge 57 is used to monitor the pressure at the outlet end of the core holder 49. The methane infrared gas analyzer 60 and the carbon dioxide infrared gas analyzer 61 are respectively used for measuring the volume percentages of methane and carbon dioxide in the mixed gas discharged from the experimental system in real time on line. The fourth flow meter 62 is a mass flow meter for metering the flow rate of the end mixed gas.
The pressure control device comprises a hand pump 50, a twelfth valve 51 and a buffer tank 52, wherein the hand pump 50, the twelfth valve 51 and the buffer tank 52 are sequentially connected, and then the buffer tank 52 is divided into three branches, the first branch connects the buffer tank 52 with the tenth valve 46, the tenth valve 46 is connected with the left side of the core holder 49, and the axial pressure is controlled; the second branch connects the buffer tank 52 with the eleventh valve 47, the eleventh valve 47 is connected with the side surface of the core holder 49, and the confining pressure is controlled; the third branch buffer tank 52 is connected with the fourteenth valve 55 and the pressure reducing valve 59 in sequence to control the back pressure; the top of the buffer tank is connected with a ninth pressure gauge 53, and the side surface of the buffer tank is connected with a thirteenth valve 54.
The hand pump 50 pumps water into the buffer tank 52, applies axial pressure to the core holder 49 through the tenth valve 46, and applies confining pressure to the core holder 49 through the eleventh valve 47, so that the rock sample in the core holder 49 is more compacted, and the formation porosity is simulated. The hand pump 50 pumps water into the buffer tank, and applies a certain pressure to the high-speed reducing valve 59 through the fourteenth valve 55, thereby adjusting the outlet pressure required for the experiment.
The pressure reducing valve 59 has a heating function, and prevents the liquid carbon dioxide flowing out of the core holder 49 from generating an ice blockage phenomenon due to pressure change, so that a pipeline is blocked and an instrument is damaged. The pressure reducing valve 67 reduces the pressure of the high-pressure gas flowing out from the core holder 49 to a normal pressure state, and prevents the gas pressure change in the pipeline from affecting the measurement accuracy of the methane gas infrared gas analyzer 60 and the carbon dioxide gas infrared gas analyzer 61.
The utility model relates to an experimental system for displacement replacement after mixing gas, which is used for mixing nitrogen and carbon dioxide according to different volume flows and different proportions, so that an experiment for displacement replacement of mixed gas is carried out under the condition of any proportion.
According to the utility model, hydraulic fracturing can be simulated through a physical experiment, so that a rock core is cracked, then two gases of nitrogen and carbon dioxide are respectively or simultaneously injected into the rock core according to different proportions and flow rates, the migration condition of methane is detected through nuclear magnetic resonance, and the crack development condition in the rock core is obtained through calculation, so that the functions of researching the crack development condition and displacing natural gas by using single gas of nitrogen or carbon dioxide or mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the hydraulic fracturing are realized.
Example 2:
a system for researching hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance comprises the following operation procedures:
step one: checking air tightness: after the system is connected, the equipment is cleaned, all parts of the system are inspected, inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the air tightness of the device is inspected.
Step two: sample loading and vacuumizing: the rock sample is loaded into the core holder 49, the vacuum pump 44, the ninth valve 43, the fourth valve 19, the eighth valve 40 and the fifteenth valve 58 are opened, and the air in the system is emptied, so that the interference of the air on the experimental effect is discharged, and the preparation for the experiment is made. After the evacuation, the vacuum pump 44, the ninth valve 43, the fourth valve 19, the eighth valve 40, and the fifteenth valve 58 are closed. The rock sample can be particles, powder or columnar core, and the size of the core can be flexibly designed.
Step three: shaft pressure and confining pressure are added:
and (5) shaft pressing: after opening the twelfth and tenth valves 51, 46, water is injected into the core holder 49 by hand shaking the pump 50, compacting the sample in the core holder 49. After increasing the shaft pressure required for the experiment, the tenth valve 46 is closed, as required by the protocol.
And (3) confining pressure: after opening the twelfth and eleventh valves 51, 47, water is injected into the core holder 49 by hand shaking the pump 50, compacting the sample in the core holder 49. After increasing the confining pressure required for the experiment, the eleventh and twelfth valves 47 and 51 are closed, as required by the experimental scheme.
Step four: and (3) adding back pressure: the fourteenth valve 55 was opened and the pressure of the pressure reducing valve 59 was increased to the pressure required for the experiment, as required by the experimental protocol.
Step five: adsorption of methane: opening the second valve 8, pressurizing the second valve 8 into the first tank 15 by the first pump 11, and closing the second valve 8 after pressurizing to a proper pressure; the appropriate pressure is 40-50MPa. Opening the fourth valve 19, setting a proper displacement to inject methane into the core holder 49 so that the core is saturated with methane; the displacement is dependent on the flow rate of the pump, typically between 0 and 1L/min; the fifteenth valve 58 is opened, after the pressure of the methane gas reaches the pressure of the pressure reducing valve 59, the gas passes through the methane infrared gas analyzer 60, when the measured flow rates of the second flowmeter 18 and the fourth flowmeter 62 are equal, and the indication number of the methane infrared gas analyzer 60 is 100%, and the indication numbers of the second flowmeter 18 and the fourth flowmeter 62 are the same, so that the core is saturated in adsorbing methane, and the fourth valve 19 is closed.
Step six: mixed gas displacement and replacement: opening the fifth valve 21 to inject the nitrogen in the second gas cylinder 20 into the second storage tank 32, pressurizing to a proper pressure, and closing the fifth valve 21; the appropriate pressure is 40-50MPa. Simultaneously opening the sixth valve 26 to pressurize the carbon dioxide gas to the second storage tank 32, and closing the sixth valve 26 after pressurizing to an appropriate pressure; the appropriate pressure is 40-50MPa. The battery 36, switch 35, motor 34 are turned on to thoroughly mix the gases in the second tank 32. The eighth valve 40 was opened, and the mixed gas was injected into the core holder 49 by a constant-speed constant-pressure pump. The injection flow rates of the nitrogen gas and the carbon dioxide gas are measured by monitoring the injection flow rates of the second flowmeter 29 and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 47, and the nitrogen gas and the carbon dioxide gas are flexibly adjusted according to the experimental purposes.
Step seven: repeating the fifth step.
Step eight: hydraulic fracturing: the first valve 4 is opened and the mixture of fracturing fluid and proppant in the tank 1 is pressurized by the booster pump 5 to the pressure required for hydraulic fracturing and injected into the core holder 49 to fracture the core.
Step nine: and (6) repeating the step six.
Step ten: experiment metering and detection:
metering: the amount of core adsorbed saturated methane is measured by the inlet second flowmeter 18 and the fourth flowmeter 62. The displacement effect of methane is calculated by measuring the third flowmeter 39, the fourth flowmeter 62, the methane infrared analyzer 60, the carbon dioxide infrared gas analyzer 61, the fourth flowmeter 62 and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 42.
And (3) detection: and in the experimental process, the radio frequency device 64 and the computer 65 are turned on, so that the saturation and relaxation curves in the rock core can be detected in real time, and the displacement and displacement conditions in the rock core and the crack development conditions in the rock core are obtained.
Step eleven: changing the conditions and continuing to carry out a comparison experiment: according to the needs of experimental purposes, the conditions such as experimental temperature, axial pressure back pressure, gas mixing proportion, injection displacement and the like are changed according to different rock samples, and comparison experiments under other experimental conditions are developed in the same way.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present utility model can be carried out in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the above disclosed embodiments are illustrative in all respects, and not exclusive. All changes that come within the scope of the utility model or equivalents thereto are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A system for researching hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance, which is characterized by comprising a core holder (49), a hydraulic fracture conveying device, a gas injection device, a vacuumizing device and a gas metering device;
the inlet end of the core holder (49) is connected with a hydraulic fracturing conveying device, a gas injection device and a vacuumizing device, and the outlet end of the core holder (49) is connected with a gas metering device;
the core holder (49) is arranged in a second temperature control box (48), the second temperature control box (48) is externally connected with a nuclear magnetic resonance device, and the core holder (49) is connected with a pressure reducing valve (59) through a pressure control device.
2. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation using nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic fracture conveying means comprises a tank (1), a first valve (4), a booster pump (5) and a first flowmeter (6) connected in sequence;
the storage tank (1) is filled with a mixture of fracturing fluid and propping agent and is provided with scales;
a first pressure gauge (2) and a first thermometer (3) are arranged above the storage tank (1).
3. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evacuating means comprises a ninth valve (43) and a vacuum pump (44); a vacuum pump (44) is connected to the inlet of the core holder (49) via a ninth valve (43) and an eighth pressure gauge (45).
4. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation using nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 3, wherein the gas injection means comprises three branches:
the first branch comprises a first air bottle (7), and the outlet end of the first air bottle (7) is sequentially connected with a first pump (11), a first storage tank (15) and a fourth valve (19);
the second branch comprises a second gas cylinder (20), and the outlet end of the second gas cylinder (20) is sequentially connected with a fifth valve (21) and a second storage tank (32);
the third branch comprises a third gas cylinder (25), the outlet end of the third gas cylinder (25) is connected with a second storage tank (32), and the second storage tank (32) is connected with a constant-speed constant-pressure pump (42);
the fourth valve (19) is connected with an inlet of an eighth pressure gauge (45) and a core holder (49) after being combined with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump (42).
5. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance according to claim 4, characterized in that the outlet end of the first gas cylinder (7) is connected to the first pump (11) by means of the second valve (8) and the second pressure gauge (9), the first pump is connected to the first reservoir (15) by means of the first non-return valve (12), the first reservoir (15) is connected to the fourth valve (19) by means of the second non-return valve (16) and the first flowmeter (6);
the outlet end of the second gas cylinder (20) is connected with a second storage tank (32) through a fifth valve (21), a fourth pressure gauge (22) and a second pump (24); the second storage tank (32) is connected with a constant-speed constant-pressure pump (42) through a third one-way valve (37), a third flowmeter (39) and an eighth valve (40) in sequence;
the outlet end of the third gas cylinder (25) is connected with a second storage tank (32) through a sixth valve (26) and a third pump (29);
the side surface of the first pump (11) is connected with the first air compressor (10), the top of the first storage tank (15) is connected with a third pressure gauge (13) and a second thermometer (14), and the bottom of the first storage tank is connected with a third valve (17);
the side surface of the second pump (24) is connected with a second air compressor (23);
the top of the second storage tank (32) is connected with a sixth pressure gauge (30) and a third thermometer (31), the second storage tank (32) is arranged inside the first temperature control box (33), and the sixth pressure gauge (30) and the third thermometer (31) are arranged outside the first temperature control box (33);
a seventh valve (38) is connected to the right side of the bottom of the second storage tank (32); a stirring rod is arranged in the second storage tank (32), and is sequentially connected with a motor (34), a switch (35) and a battery (36) through a circuit; a seventh pressure gauge (41) is arranged at the top of the constant-speed constant-pressure pump (42);
a fifth pressure gauge (27) is externally connected to a connecting channel of the sixth valve (26) and the third pump (29), and the side surface of the third pump (29) is connected with a third air compressor (28).
6. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation by nuclear magnetic resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that the second temperature control box (48) is externally connected in turn by means of an electric circuit to a radio frequency device (64) and a computer (65).
7. A system for studying hydraulic fracture propagation using nuclear magnetic resonance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas metering means comprises a filter (56), a tenth pressure gauge (57), a fifteenth valve (58), a pressure reducing valve (59), a methane gas infrared on-line analyzer (60), a carbon dioxide infrared gas on-line analyzer (61), a fourth flow meter (62) and a gas pump (63);
the filter (56), the tenth manometer (57), the fifteenth valve (58), the pressure reducing valve (59), the methane gas infrared online analyzer (60), the carbon dioxide infrared gas online analyzer (61), the fourth flowmeter (62) and the air bag (63) are sequentially connected, and the filter (56) is connected with the outlet of the core holder (49).
8. The system for researching hydraulic fracture propagation by using nuclear magnetic resonance according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control device comprises a hand pump (50), a twelfth valve (51) and a buffer tank (52), and the hand pump (50), the twelfth valve (51) and the buffer tank (52) are sequentially connected;
the buffer tank (52) is connected with three branches, the buffer tank (52) of the first branch is connected with a tenth valve (46), and the tenth valve (46) is connected with the inlet side of the core holder (49);
the second branch buffer tank (52) is connected with an eleventh valve (47), and the eleventh valve (47) is connected with a core holder (49);
the third branch buffer tank (52) is connected with a fourteenth valve (55) and a pressure reducing valve (59);
the top of the buffer tank (52) is connected with a ninth pressure gauge (53), and the side surface of the buffer tank (52) is connected with a thirteenth valve (54).
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